英语长难句分析100句
高考英语真题长难句100句（翻译带解析）！
高考英语真题长难句100句（翻译带解析）！1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like aman in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析:夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mailis introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你,当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
长难句结构分析最新经典100句
长难句结构分析最新经典100句1.The American economic system is. organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
100句难句(英文长难句)讲解
1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn.1.美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。
2. Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.2. 1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.3.人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.4.由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。
5. In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.5.任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
6. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.6.一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does notend with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education isnot complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that educationis a lifetime study.说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
英语长难句分析报告100句
英语长难句分析100句在MBA联考英语试卷中，阅读理解和翻译共有60分，占到了全卷分数的半壁江山以上。
毫不夸X地说，把这两部分做好，在英语考试中取得理想的成绩便不再是奢望。
那么怎么样才能做好这一部分的试题呢？关键要通过大量的练习，增强阅读英文句子、尤其是其中长难句的能力。
长难句一般是指结构复杂难以理解的句子，也有一些其实结构并不复杂，但因为句子很长也很容易让人困惑。
长难句出现不多，但是常常大大增加我们理解的难度，成为我们获取高分的“拦路虎”。
下面就近年试题中阅读理解和翻译中出现的长难句都列出来，分析它们的结构，指出其中的考查难点，并对如何恰当翻译它们给出建议，希望广某某学能从中得到一些启发。
1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class , an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[句子主干]Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased …shareholders as a class, (which was) an element…[语法难点]本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。
长难句结构分析最新经典100句（3）_四六级_
长难句结构分析最新经典100句（3）41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[参考译文]很不幸，这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。
一些经济学家认为世界经济结构的强有力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。
42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.[参考译文]例如，阿斯旺大坝使得尼罗河不再洪水泛滥，但是它也夺去了埃及以前所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--这些换宋的就是这么个疾病滋生的水库，现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。
43. New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are onlyone contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many otherfactors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training, [参考译文]企业重组的新方法--所有那些重新设计、缩小规模的做法--只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
英语长难句精解100句散文
英语长难句精解100句散文1.Looking beyond the 10-year period，the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future—more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States.在展望10年后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内，3 000种本地植物——占美国近25 000种植物的10%——将可能灭绝。
2.The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration，because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations.野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。
3.Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits：it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics；can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn‘t traditionally have；can improve the nutritional value of products；and can produce cheaper and more environmentallyfriendly fertilizers.转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点；它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征；可以改进食物的营养价值；可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。
100个经典长难句解析汇总
100 个经典长难句解析汇总（V：amarantos9）1.Looking beyond the 10-year period， the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future—more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States.在展望 10 年后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内，3 000 种本地植物——占美国近 25 000 种植物的 10%——将可能灭绝。
2.The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration， because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations.野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。
3.Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits：it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics; can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn‘t traditionally have; can improve the nutritional value of products; and can produce cheaper and more environmentally friendly fertilizers.转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点;它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征;可以改进食物的营养价值;可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。
英语长难句分析100句[整理]
![英语长难句分析100句[整理]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/98c1c74100f69e3143323968011ca300a6c3f6a7.png)
1.Looking beyond the 10-year period，the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future —more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States.在展望10年后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内，3 000种本地植物——占美国近25 000种植物的10%——将可能灭绝。
2. The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration，because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations.野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。
3. Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits：it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics; can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn‘t traditionally have; can improve the nutritional value of products; and can produce cheaperand more environmentally friendly fertilizers.转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点;它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征;可以改进食物的营养价值;可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。
英语长难句精解100句经典
英语长难句精解100句经典英语学习的道路上，长难句就像一座座高峰，让人望而生畏。
可要是掌握了这100句经典的长难句精解，那就仿佛是手握登山的绳索，能一步步向着英语的高峰攀登。
我有个朋友叫小李，他呀，一看到英语长难句就头大。
有一次，他拿着一个句子来找我，那句子长得就像一条蜿蜒无尽的长蛇。
“I, who have been living in this bustling city for years, find it extremely difficult to adapt to the tranquil rural life all of a sudden, especially when considering the huge differences in living environment, pace of life and social interactions between the two.”（我在这个繁华的城市生活了多年，突然发现很难适应宁静的乡村生活，特别是考虑到两者在生活环境、生活节奏和社会交往方面的巨大差异。
）小李皱着眉头说：“这都是啥呀，我都晕了。
”我笑着跟他说：“你看啊，这个‘wh o have been living in this bustling city for years’是个定语从句，用来修饰‘I’的，就像给‘我’这个主角加了个详细的身份描述。
”小李似懂非懂地点点头。
这100句经典长难句里啊，很多句子都像这个一样。
比如说“Not only does he have excellent academic performance, but also he is very good at various sports, which makes him a popular figureamong his classmates.”（他不仅学业成绩优异，而且擅长各种体育运动，这使他在同学中很受欢迎。
100个-经典长难句解析汇总
7. Other goals of the interview are： to answer questions successfully， obtain any additional information needed to make a decision， accent yourspecial
在明确这亗目标癿基础上，将自己设想为面试你癿人，在以下三丧斱面为自己设想出一 亗 问题以及这亗问题癿答案：公司数据俆息，丧人俆息，有兲某仹工作癿特定俆息。
9. Since the interview will center on you， proper self-management process is dividedintofourstages：thebeforestage，thegreetingstage，theconsultation stage， and the departurestage.
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转基因食物癿倡导者挃出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：孨能加速作物和牲畜癿生 长 速度，幵使孨们具有所要求癿特点;孨可以给食物增添以往丌具备癿特征;可以改迚食物癿营养 价值;可以生产出廉价、环俅敁果更好癿肥料。
4. What makes this debate unique is that every meal we eat is at its verycore. Andthatfactmeansonething：i‘tsanissuetobediscussednotonlyaroundpolicy tables， but dinner tables.
“写申请前同我们联系”，“利用我们多年癿经验来准备你癿孥历戒工作经历”，这种 广 告经帯这样宣传。
考研英语-经典长难句结构分析100句
24. Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higher than the density of its liquid.
一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
7. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.
真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。
19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long periodof time.
随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。
9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.
诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。
儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas swheres once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.
英语长难句结构分析经典100句
1. The American economic system is. organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, marketoriented economy in which consumers larg ely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in t he marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maxim ize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results inreducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by s eller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
长难句结构分析最新经典100句(3)
长难句结构分析最新经典100句（3）41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, alittle defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[参考译文]很不幸，这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。
一些经济学家认为世界经济结构的强有力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。
42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.[参考译文]例如，阿斯旺大坝使得尼罗河不再洪水泛滥，但是它也夺去了埃及以前所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--这些换宋的就是这么个疾病滋生的水库，现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。
43. New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are onlyone contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many otherfactors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery,new technology, and investment in education and training, [参考译文]企业重组的新方法--所有那些重新设计、缩小规模的做法--只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献。
高考英语100个长难句实例分析
高考英语100个长难句实例分析学会分析长难句，你就掌握了阅读理解满分的最好武器，同时，也是英语综合能力水平的表现！今天，库库老师给大家提供了100个英语长难句及其翻译和注释，赶快学起来吧！1. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句(无中文版)
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education isnot complete with graduation.6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that educationis a lifetime study.7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positiveeffects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。
2023年英语四六级长难句句
四六级长难句100句1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参照译文] 美国旳经济是以基本旳私有企业和市场导向经济为架构旳，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要旳货品和服务付费来决定什么应当被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参照译文] 因此，在美国旳经济体系中，个体消费者旳需求与商人试图最大化其利润旳欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用旳欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应当被制造，以及资源怎样被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参照译文] 另首先，假如大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有也许增长卖方和制造商能提供旳供应，而这也就会反过来减少价格并容许更多旳消费者购置产品。
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英语长难句分析在MBA联考英语试卷中，阅读理解和翻译共有60分，占到了全卷分数的半壁江山以上。
毫不夸张地说，把这两部分做好，在英语考试中取得理想的成绩便不再是奢望。
那么怎么样才能做好这一部分的试题呢？关键要通过大量的练习，增强阅读英文句子、尤其是其中长难句的能力。
长难句一般是指结构复杂难以理解的句子，也有一些其实结构并不复杂，但因为句子很长也很容易让人困惑。
长难句出现不多，但是常常大大增加我们理解的难度，成为我们获取高分的“拦路虎”。
下面就近年试题中阅读理解和翻译中出现的长难句都列出来，分析它们的结构，指出其中的考查难点，并对如何恰当翻译它们给出建议，希望广大同学能从中得到一些启发。
1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class , an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[句子主干]Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased …shareholders as a class, (which was) an element…[语法难点]本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。
分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是（which was）representing… ，另一个是(which was)detached…。
可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略“引导词+be”的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。
[句子翻译]对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。
这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。
[翻译技巧]实际上定语从句并不符合汉语的使用习惯。
所以翻译时遇上定语从句，一定不要机械地按照原来的顺序生搬硬套。
像这样分句较长的情况，把主句和分句拆为两句是比较好的方法。
所以这里从“这个阶层”开始另起一句。
2．Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboune sprang up to house large. " comfonable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.[句子主干]Towns…sprang up…classes who…, and who…[语法难点]1）有并列从句。
分析句子主干很容易看到这也是一个典型的定语从句结构，分句由who…,and who…两个并列结构组成。
注意like并不是谓语而是介词短语作定语，真正的主句谓语是sprang of。
retire on指“依靠什么而退休（多跟表收入的名词）”。
2）that of drawing dividends 结构中，draw是收取的意思，dividend指红利，that of sth结构是名词性的，that of sth相当于which is结构，目的都是修饰前面的名词。
注意后面还有att ending…是省略了which were的定语从句，把of sth结构和定语从句交替使用是英语中长难句的惯用手法，目的是避免行文的单调，考生朋友们要注意分辨。
[句子翻译]像Bournemouth和Eastboune这样的城市兴起了，大批隐退的享乐阶层人士靠自己的收入，在这里过着悠闲的生活。
他们与群体之外的人没有联系，只是分取红利，偶尔参加股东会议，对管理人员发号施令。
[翻译技巧]同样是为了避开定语从句，将主句和分句拆为两句。
要注意几个短语的理解。
retire on 依靠……退休/have…relation…to与……有关系/up to 达到……的规模。
3．Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc. ,like a poet among the letters of the alphabet , considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea. "[句子主干]Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down…, like a …, considering them as…, in which a…”[语法难点]有省略。
1）like…分句是省略了who 的主语从句中的分句，considering…分句是现在分词引导的状语从句。
这个状语从句可以拿到句首，也可以在句尾。
一般来说较长的状语从句置于句尾，较短的置于句首，为的是使句子看上去显得简洁一些。
2）like分句中出现了比较多的省略，补全以后是who like a poet who is among the letters…。
英语中的从句之所以是难点就是因为大量地省略引导词。
[句子翻译]罗博特·富尔顿曾经写道，机械工将坐在杠杆、螺丝、楔、轮子等周围，像诗人对待字母表中的每个字母一样，把它们作为自己的思路展示，每一个新组合都传送一个新概念。
[翻译技巧]如果严格地翻译，like分句应该译为“像对待字母表中字母的诗人一样”，原因是这个从句修饰的是机械工，应该用诗人来对应，但这样一来，就不符合汉语的表达习惯了。
4．Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.[句子主干]Some of these causes are reasonable results…, Others are consequences of advances…[语法难点]主语是some of these causes，实际的主语就是some，不过谓语是单数还是复数则取决于of后面的成分是单数还是复数。
being to…是定语从句的分句结构，意为“属于”。
[句子翻译]在这些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地来自社会需求，另一些则是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生的某些特定发展的必然结果。
[翻译技巧]这个翻译比较简单，注意being to的翻译即可。
5．This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientificestablishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.[句子主干]This trend began during …, when…,that…[语法难点]1）有套和从句。
这个句子实际上是This trend began.其余的成分都是在起修饰和限定作用。
在分析长难句时一定要注意找出句子的主干，关键是确定句子的主语和谓语，只有这样才不会被众多的修饰成分所迷惑。
2）When引导的是时间状语从句。
第一个that引导的是修饰conclusion的定语从句，第二个that引导的是修饰demands的定语从句，wants前省略了which，是引导的修饰 a government的主语从句。
[句子翻译]这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府下了结论，认为：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
[翻译技巧]此句中短语较多。
come to the conclusion形成某种结论/make of提出/in detail详细地6．This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.[句子主干]This seems …done by supporting a certain amount of research not…but…[语法难点]注意not…but句型，意为“不是……而是……”[句子翻译]给某些与当前目标无关但将来可能产生影响的科研提供支持，看来通常能有效地解决这一问题。
[翻译技巧]严格说来，not…but结构应译为“不是……而是……”，但这样就显得罗嗦，所以译为“与……无关”，但（另一些有关）。
a amount of指“数量达到……”。
be related to指“与……有关”。
7．However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascination and delightful aspects.[句子主干]However, the world is so made that…systems are …unable to deal with some of t he …aspects[语法难点]so made指“如此构成”，so和后面的that构成so…that结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。