新视野4第四册 unit 2

Please compare "certainly" with "surely". certainly: ad. more often expressing the idea of "definitely" and "really" surely: ad. more often expressing surprise, doubt or relief (esp. in British English) I am certainly not inviting her to my party. I've never likednly impressed me. I thought he was very bright and talented. 他给我印象很深，是个 聪明能干的人。 Surely, you aren't going out like this, are you? 你不会就这样就走出去吧？ Surely, you want that too, if you were fond of her. 如果你喜欢她，你也会要那个（东西）。
scout: n. a person employed to look for people with particular skills, esp. in sport or entertainment Talent scouts toured every village in the Southern States seeking the girl with the subtle personality that the film producer needed for the star role. 猎头走遍南方各州，寻找制片人需要的 具有敏锐气质和个性的女影星。 It was during the singing performance that he was spotted by a talent scout and signed up by Warner Brothers. 在歌唱表演中他被猎头相中， 然后与华纳兄弟签约。
applause: n. the noise made by a group of people clapping their hands and sometimes shouting to show their approval or enjoyment The band got a big round of applause at the end of the concert. 音乐会结束后，乐队赢得了全场的掌声。 The audience broke into thunderous applause. 观众爆发出雷鸣 般的掌声。 compare: applaud: v. 1) show approval or enjoyment of ( a play, actor, performer, etc.), esp. by striking one's hands together The conference rose to applaud the speaker. 与会人员起身为 发表讲话的人鼓掌。 She was applauded as she came on stage. 她一上台观众即报 以掌声。 2) express strong approval of ( a person, idea, etc.) We all applauded the authority's decision not to close the hospital. 我们都赞同当局不关闭医院的决定。 I applaud her for having the courage to refuse. 我赞赏她敢于拒 绝的勇气。
revolt: v. 1) (against) take violent action against the people in power Finally the people revolted against the military dictatorship. 人 民终于起来反抗军事独裁。 The people ______________________________. 人民反抗其 revolted against their oppressors 压迫者。 2) reject the authority of a person or reject sth.; make (sb.) feel unpleasantly shocked or disgusted She revolted against her ballet training at sixteen. 她16岁的时 候开始拒绝练芭蕾。 It revolts me to know that the world spends so much money on arms, yet millions of people are dying of hunger. 全世界在武器 上花费了这么多钱，而数以百万计的人却快要饿死了，这使我很 反感。 n. the action or state of protesting against or resisting authority They seized the power in a revolt. 他们在一次起义中夺得了政 权。 The army has put down the revolt. 军队已平息了叛乱。
might have + V-ed: used to say that sth. was possible in the past, but we know that it did not in fact happen The plan might easily have gone wrong, but in fact it was a great success. 这计划可能会很容 易失败的，可是事实上大大成功了。 might have won If we'd played better, we ________________. 如果我们当时打得好一些，我们也许会赢的。 They _______________________________, might have chosen anyone for the job but they picked me. 他们也许可以选择其他任何 人做这工作，可是他们选择了我。
for good: permanently; forever This time she's leaving for good. 这一次她 将是永远地离开了。 I'd like an excuse to____________________________. 我需 get rid of him for good 要一个借口将他永久开除。 A few shots of this cleared up the disease for good drug______________________________. 这药只注射了几针，病就彻底治愈了。
clap: vt. hit one's open hands together several times to show that one approves of or has enjoyed sth. He clapped his hands for silence. 他拍拍手示意 大家安静。 Everyone clapped us when we went up to get our prize. 我们上台领奖的时候每个人都为我们鼓 掌。 Londoners came out on to the pavement wave and clap the marchers to___________________________. 伦敦市民涌 上街头向游行的人鼓掌并挥手致意。 After his speech the conference clapped and cheered as if he had announced the abolition of the income tax. 在他演讲之后，出席会议的人们 鼓掌欢呼起来，就好像他已经宣布取消了个人所 得税似的。
unit 2
Pre-reading questions
Q 1: what is the passage about? Q 2: what disadvantages did he face? Q 3: what main problem did his personality have?
cut down: reduce the size of (sth. such as clothing, writing, etc.) I could cut your father's trousers down for the boy. 我可以把你父亲的裤子改短给这男孩穿。 Your article will have to be cut down to fit into the book. 你的文章得删一些，以便能收入到这 本书里。 They've cut her hours down at work __________________________so she doesn't have much money.他们减少了她的工作 时间，因此她没有那么多钱了。 If an article is too long for the space allocated, cut it down you have to_______________.如果文章超过给 它的版面，你就得进行删改。
trip (up): catch sb.'s foot and make him fall or almost fall; make a mistake; deliberately make sb. do this As I passed, he stuck out a leg and tried to trip me up. 我经过的时候，他伸出一条 腿试图把我绊倒。 Read the questions carefully, because the try to trip you up. examiners sometimes _______________ 仔细读读这些问题，因为出题的人有时会 有意诱导你犯错。
crude: a. 1) lacking grace, education, or sensitive feeling Many of his jokes were crude and sexist.他讲的 笑话大都既粗俗又歧视女性。 At times his language turned crude and made him look foolish.有时他的语言变得粗鲁，使得他 显得傻里傻气。 2) in the natural state; not refined Seven hundred thousand tons of crude oil has poured out of the damaged tanker into the sea. 有70万吨原油从损坏的油船中流入大海。
in rags: dressed in old worn-out clothes There were men, women, and small children, some dressed in rags. 那儿有男 人、妇女和儿童，有些人穿得破破烂烂。 There are areas where every child is dressed in rags barefoot, and __________________ or old flour sacks. 有些地方小孩都赤脚，穿着破 衣服或旧面粉袋。