高考英语 经典陷阱题大串讲 强调句

2013高考英语经典陷阱题大串讲·强调句
1.“How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground pala ce?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that
B. he that
C. it when
D. he which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。

【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：
It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the undergrou nd palace.
比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：
(1) Who was it _________ saved the drowning girl?
A. since
B. as
C. that
D. he
答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。

(2) What is it _________ his daughter needs most?
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. if
答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter nee ds most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。

2.“Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?”“It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.”
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. when
【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。

【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a mee ting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the profess or，则完全可以。

其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。

3. It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me.
A. which
B. as
C. what
D. that
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选D)，被强调成分为 what he m eant rather than what he said。

句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。

请再看两例：
(1) It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job.
A. which
B. since
C. that
D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。

(2) It is the ability to do the job _________ matters not where you come fr om or what you are.
A. one
B. that
C. what
D. it
答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。

4. It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that
B. that, which
C. which, which
D. that, where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。

【分析】答案选A，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built w ith stones by his father)。

此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。

请再看类似例子：
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where
B. that, how
C. who, that
D. that, which
此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who h ad been in prison)。

(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which
B. that, that
C. where, that
D. which, that
此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。

5.“Was it under the tree _________ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. while
【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。

【分析】其实此题应选D。

做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。

在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。

”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。

6.It’s more than half a century _________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
A. when
B. that
C. since
D. while
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。

【分析】假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词joined…became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。

其实，此题应选C，属于“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。

此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(has been)，但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。

7. It was lack of money, not of effort, _________ defeated their plan.
A. which
B. as
C. that
D. what
【陷阱】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。

【分析】其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。

由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was la ck of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。