清华大学附属中学朝阳学校2019-2020学年高三12月第二次月考试卷(扫描版,无答案)
2020届北京市清华大学附属中学高三第一学期(12月)月考数学试题
清华附中高三2019年12月月考试卷数学一、选择题（共8小题；共40分）1.已知集合{}1,0,1A =-，2{1}B x x =< ，则A B =U （ ）A. {}1,1-B. {}1,0,1-C. {}11x x -≤≤D. {}1x x ≤2.设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项的和为n S ，且1352S =，则489a a a ++=( ) A. 8B. 12C. 16D. 203.若122log log 2a b +=，则有( ) A. 2a b =B. 2b a =C. 4a b =D. 4b a =4.一个棱长为2的正方体被一个平面截去一部分后，剩余几何体的三视图如图所示，则截去的几何体是()A. 三棱锥B. 三棱柱C. 四棱锥D. 四棱柱5.已知直线0x y m -+=与圆O ：221x y +=相交于A ，B 两点，若OAB ∆为正三角形，则实数m 的值为（ ）A.2B.2-6.“1a =-”是“函数()2ln 1x f x a x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪+⎝⎭为奇函数”( ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充分必要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件7.函数()log a x x f x x=（01a <<）的图象大致形状是（ ）A. B.C.D.8.某学校运动会的立定跳远和30秒跳绳两个单项比赛分成预赛和决赛两个阶段，如表下为10名学生的预赛成绩，其中有三个数据模糊.在这10名学生中，进入立定跳远决赛的有8人，同时进入立定跳远决赛和30秒跳绳决赛的有6人，则( ) A. 2号学生进入30秒跳绳决赛 B. 5号学生进入30秒跳绳决赛C. 8号学生进入30秒跳绳决赛D. 9号学生进入30秒跳绳决赛二、填空题（共6小题；共30分）9.直线y x =被圆22(2)4x y -+=截得的弦长为________. 10.函数f (x )=sin 22x 的最小正周期是__________． 11.在△ABC 中，23A π∠=，，则bc=_________. 12.已知正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为M 是棱BC 的中点，点P 在底面ABCD 内，点Q 在线段11A C 上，若1PM =，则PQ 长度的最小值为_____.13.如图，在等边三角形ABC 中，2AB =，点N 为AC 的中点，点M 是边CB （包括端点）上的一个动点，则AM BN ⋅u u u u r u u u r的最小值是________.14.已知,,,A B C D 四点共面，2BC =，2220AB AC +=，3CD CA =u u u r u u u r，则||BD uuu r 的最大值为______．三、解答题（共6小题；共80分）15.已知数列{}n b ，满足14b =且12(2)1n n b b n n n --=≥-. (1)求证{}n b 是单增数列；(2)求数列1n b ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和n S .16.已知函数()2cos (sin )f x x x x =+- （（）求()f x 的单调递增区间； （（）若()f x 在区间[,]6m π上的最小值为2-，求m 的最大值.17.如图，在四棱锥P ABCD -中，PAD△等边三角形，边长为2，ABC V 为等腰直角三角形，AB BC ⊥，1AC =，90DAC ︒∠=，平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD .(1)证明：AC ⊥平面P AD ；(2)求平面P AD 与平面PBC 所成锐二面角的余弦值；(3)棱PD 上是否存在一点E ，使得//AE 平面PBC ？若存在，求出PEPD的值；若不存在，请说明理由. 18.已知椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>的焦点为1F ，2F ，离心率为12，点P 为椭圆C 上一动点，且12PF F △，O 为坐标原点. (1)求椭圆C 的方程；(2)设点()11,M x y ，()22,N x y 为椭圆C 上的两个动点，当1212x x y y +为多少时，点O 到直线MN 的距离为定值.19.已知函数221()(1)2xf x a x eax a x -=-----，其中()a a ∈R 常数.(1)当0a =时，求函数()f x 在0x =处的切线方程； (2)若函数()f x 在(0,1)存在极小值，求a 的取值范围.20.已知{}n a 是由非负整数组成的无穷数列，对每一个正整数n ，该数列前n 项的最大值记为n A ，第n 项之后各项12,,...n n a a ++的最小值记为n B ，记n n n d A B =-．（1）若数列{}n a 的通项公式为5,141,5n n n a n -≤≤⎧=⎨≥⎩，求数列{}n d 的通项公式； （2）证明：“数列{}n a 单调递增”是“,0n n N d *∀∈<”的充要条件；（3）若n n d a =对任意n *∈N 恒成立，证明：数列{}n a 的通项公式为0n a =．。
北京市清华大学附属中学朝阳学校2019-2020学年度第一学期第二次质量检测高三数学试卷(无答案)
清华附中朝阳学校2019-2020学年度第一学期第2次质量检测试卷高三数学一、 选择题1.已知集合(){}10A x x x =+≤，集合{}lg 0B x x =<，则A B =( )A .{}1x x <B .{}10x x -<≤C .{}11x x -≤<D .{}01x x <<2.下列函数中，在定义域内是减函数的是( )A .()1f x x=B .()12xf x =C .()f x =D .()lg f x x =3.若01m <<，则( ) A .()()log 1log 1m m m m +>- B .()log 10m m +>4.将函数()sin 2y x ϕ=+的图象沿x 轴向左平移8π个单位后，得到一个偶函数的图象，则ϕ的一个可能取值为( )A .34π B .0 C .4π- D .34π-5.在正方形网格中，某四面体的三视图如图所示，如果小正方形网格的边长为1，那么该四面体最长棱的棱长为( )A .B .C .6D .6.设a ，b 是非零向量，则“2a b =”是“a b a b +≥+”的( ) A .充分而不必要条件 B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件7.在ABC △中，M 是BC 的中点，1AM =，点P 在AM 上且满足2AP PM =，则()PA PB PC ⋅+=( )A .49-B .43-C .43D .498.过双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的一个焦点F 作一条与其渐近线垂直的直线，垂足为A .O 为坐标原点，若12OA OF =.则此双曲线的离心率为( )A B C .2D9.若函数()23f x x k x =--+至多有一个零点，则实数k 的取值范围是( ) A .(],3-∞B .[)9,+∞C .(]0,9D .(],9-∞10.在交通工程学中，常作如下定义：交通流量Q (辆/小时)：单位时间内通过道路上某一横断面的车辆数；车流速度V (千米/小时)：单位时间内车流平均行驶过的距离；车流密度K (辆/千米)：单位长度道路上某一瞬间所存在的车辆数.一般的，V 和K 满足一个线性关系，如001K V v k ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭(其中0v 、0k 是正数)，则以下说法正确的是( )A .随着车流密度增大，车流速度增大B .随着车流密度增大，交通流量增大C .随着车流密度增大，交通流量先减小，后增大D .随着车流密度增大，交通流量先增大，后减小二、 填空题11.已知平面向量()2,1a =，()1,3b =-，若向量()a ab λ⊥+，则实数λ的值为_______. 12.圆C ：222220x y x y ++--=的圆心到直线34140x y ++=的距离是___________. 13.已知函数()cos 2f x x =，若12,x x 满足()()122f x f x -=，则12x x -的最小值是_______. 14.若函数()f x 满足下面三个条件： (1)()f x 在定义域上图象不间断； (2)()f x 在()0,1上单调递增；(3)()0,1x ∀∈，都有()f x x >，且()00f =，()11f =.则称函数()f x 为“UP 函数”，请写出一个UP 函数()f x =__________________. 15.若函数()s i n c o s a x f x x -=在区间,63ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，则实数a 的取值范围是____________.16.如图，已知边长为4的正方形ABCD ，E 是BC 上一动点(与B 、C 不重合)，连接AE .作EF AE ⊥交BCD ∠的外角平分线于F .设BE x =.记()f x EC CF =⋅，则函数()f x 的值域是_____________.当ECF △面积最大时，EF =______________.三、解答题17.已知函数()cos sin cos 2f x x x x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭.(1)求函数()f x 的最小正周期及单调增区是； (2)求()f x 在区间,43ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上的最小值.18.在四棱锥P ABCD -中，平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，PAD △为等边三角形，12AB AD CD ==.AB AD ⊥，AB CD ∥，点M 是PC 的中点.(1)求证：MB ∥平面PAD .(2)求二面角P BC D --的余弦值.(3)在线段PB 上是否存在点N ，使得DN ⊥平面PBC ？若存在，请求出PNPB的值；若不存在，请说明理由.19.已知函数()()21x f x x e ax =-+，a R ∈.(1)若函数()f x 在[]1,2内单调递增，求实数a 的取值范围. (2)求函数()f x 的极值.20.设l 为曲线():2ln C y x x =-在点()1,0处的切线. (1)求l 的方程；(2)证明：曲线C 与直线l 只有一个公共点.21.已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b+=>>经过点()2,1A ，且长轴长为(1)求椭圆方程及离心率；(2)设P 、D 、E 为椭圆C 上三个不同的点，且D 、E 关于y 轴对称，直线PD 、PE 分别与y 轴交于两个不同的点M 、N ，比较2OP 与OM ON ⋅的大小，并说明理由.22.数学()1,2,3,,2n n ≥…的任意一个排列记作()12,,,n a a a …，设n S 为所有这样的排列构成的集合.(1) 用列举法表示集合3A ，3B ； (2) 求集合nn A B 的元素个数；(3) 记集合n B 的元素个数为n b ，证明：数列{}n b 是等比数列. (4)。
2019-2020学年清华附中朝阳学校高三生物月考试卷及答案
2019-2020学年清华附中朝阳学校高三生物月考试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 将生长状态一致的某种植物幼苗分成甲、乙两组，分别移入适宜的营养液中在光下培养，并给甲组的营养液适时通入空气，乙组不进行通气处理。
一定时间后测得甲组的根对a离子的吸收速率远大于乙组的。
关于这一实验现象，下列说法错误的是A. 给营养液通入空气有利于该植物的生长B. 根细胞对a离子的吸收过程属于自由扩散C. 根细胞对a离子吸收过程有能量的消耗D. 根细胞的有氧呼吸有利于根对a离子的吸收2. 下列生理过程不能发生在线粒体中的是（）A.葡萄糖→丙酮酸B.ATP→ADP+PiC.ADP+Pi→A TPD.丙酮酸→>CO23. 对于观察蝗虫精母细胞减数分裂的实验，不正确的描述是（）A. 在显微镜视野内，处于分裂间期的细胞数目最多B. 在显微镜视野中存在染色体数目是正常体细胞二倍的细胞C. 所有细胞中，处于分裂中期和后期的细胞最好辨认D. 在高倍显微镜下，可以观察到细胞从精原细胞变为精子的过程4. 白菜根细胞从土壤中吸收的磷元素可用于合成A. 淀粉和磷脂B.DNA和载体蛋白C. 核酸和磷脂D.RNA和脂肪酸5. 在显微镜下观察到如图所示的动物细胞，下列对由视野A转到视野B的说法中错误的是（）A. 换高倍镜需转动物镜转换器B. 如不调节反光镜，要保证相同的亮度应选用较大的光圈C. 此过程中不需调节粗准焦螺旋D. 应将装片向右移动6. 下列关于下丘脑参与人体稳态调节的叙述，正确的是（）A. 下丘脑可作为效应器分泌促甲状腺激素B. 下丘脑中有参与体温调节、水盐平衡调节和血糖平衡调节的中枢C. 下丘脑可通过内分泌活动的枢纽垂体来调节和管理内分泌腺D. 下丘脑受损后，人体的体温和血糖调节能力都将完全丧失7. 下列关于生长素的叙述，不正确的是（）A.在植物体内可以进行极性运输和非极性运输B.在植物体中含量很少，主要分布在生长旺盛的部位C.既可以催化细胞代谢，又可以给细胞传达调节代谢的信息D.主要合成部位是芽、幼嫩的叶和发育中的种子8. 在显微镜下观察细胞时，发现一个细胞中有8条形态、大小各不相同的染色体，排列在赤道板上，你认为此细胞处于（）A.有丝分裂中期B.减数第一次分裂中期C.减数第二次分裂中期D.有丝分裂后期9. 甲、乙两种物质分别以自由扩散和协助扩散方式进入细胞，如果以人工合成的无蛋白磷脂双分子膜代替细胞膜，并维持其他条件不变，则（）A.甲物质的运输被促进B.乙物质的运输被促进C.甲物质的运输被抑制D.乙物质的运输被抑制10. 科学家在研究生物体的化学成分时，发现组成生物体的元素在非生物界中也都存在，这一事实主要说明（）A. 生物界与非生物界具有统一性B. 生物与非生物没有区别C. 生物界与非生物界具有差异性D. 非生物起源于生物11. 下列与生活相联系的生物学知识中，说法正确的是（）A.胆固醇是动物细胞膜的重要成分，参与血液中脂质的运输，过多摄入有益无害B.糖尿病患者饮食虽然受到严格限制，但不具甜味的米饭、馒头等可随意食用C.患急性肠炎的病人脱水时，需要及时补水，同时也需要补充体内丢失的无机盐D.鸡蛋煮熟后，蛋白质发生了变性，不容易被蛋白酶水解，因此，吃熟鸡蛋难消化12. 研究突触间作用关系时，进行如图1实验，结果如图2、3。
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三生物月考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三生物月考试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 有关“比较过氧化氢在不同条件下的分解”实验的叙述，正确的是（）A.该实验的自变量是反应条件，1号试管常温处理是为了排除无关变量的干扰B.4号试管中过氧化氢分解最快，是因为酶的浓度高于3.5%的FeCl3溶液C.如果将四支试管都放在90℃水浴中，4号试管的反应速率仍为最快D.4号试管产生的气泡明显比2号试管多，说明酶具有高效性2. 在高等植物中，成膜体是由赤道板处纺锤体的剩余物组成，用于引导植物细胞在有丝分裂末期形成新的细胞壁，具膜小泡中含有果胶、半纤维素等成分，下图是细胞分裂中新细胞壁形成过程示意图。
相关叙述正确的是（）A.成膜体的微管蛋白是由中心体合成的B.具膜小泡的成分与细胞膜相同C.具膜小泡的形成与线粒体没有关系D.成膜体能引导具膜小泡向赤道板集中3. 下列关于细胞核的叙述，正确的是（）A. 核膜是细胞核的边界，由单层膜构成B. 核仁是核糖体RNA合成、加工和核糖体装配的重要场所C. 染色质由细胞核中的DNA与蛋白质及少量RNA构成，且容易被酸性染料染色D. 核孔是蛋白质、DNA等大分子出入细胞核的通道4. 下列有关“土壤中小动物类群丰富度的研究”，说法正确的是（）A.调查土壤小动物类群丰富度可利用它们具有趋光、趋湿、避高温的习性B.取样时，不用将表层土上的落叶拨开C.土壤小动物类群丰富度的采集方法有记名计算法和目测估计法D.采集到的土壤小动物可放入体积分数为70%的酒精溶液中保存5. 下图是细胞核的结构模式图。
下列关于各结构及功能的叙述，正确的是A.℃是双层膜，把核内物质与细胞质分开B.℃是染色体遗传物质主要载体C.℃位于细胞核的中央，是细胞核功能的控制中心D.℃是大分子物质如DNA出入细胞核的通道6. 图为人体内环境甲、乙、丙三大成分之间的转化模式图。
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语月考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语月考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BWhen my friend suggested going to the op shop (二手商店)，instantly I thought “I hope no one I know sees me”. It was the same when my cousin commented on my new furniture and Japanese, fine-bone-china bowls and asked where I got them. They were from the local op shop but instead I said “from the antique shop”.Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would look down on me if I said I shopped at the op shop. They may pity me, consider me poor, a failure. Immigrants sacrificed their families and homes for a better life. Buying a house and having enough money to live comfortably, to educate your children and see them also live comfortably, are a big part of the immigrant dream, But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet?Our love for purchasing the latest trendy clothes or furniture, then donating them when we are tired of them has become normal. I was once like this. But after watching the documentaryThe True CostI learned donated clothes that don’t get sold are sent to developing nations, many of them ending up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). In addition, your new dress requires electricity and materials to make. But if you buy a second-hand dress, that’s one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress to be made.A friend introduced me to op shopping only a few years ago. My firstitem was a dress she gifted me. It was lovely and I loved it. Nobody could tell it was second-hand. This opened me up to purchasing more second-hand high quality branded clothes. Once I visited a friend and was impressed by how she decorated her apartment. “It’s all second-hand,” she said. I couldn’t believe it. The truth is a lot of things sold at the op shop are in new or almost new condition. That’s when I made the decision to only buy second-hand things.Selling second-hand things isn’t anything new butwhat the planet needs is more buyers. There is so muchexcess (过量) production in the world. So stop feeling ashamed, and let’s get shopping.4. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?A. Pride.B. Embarrassment.C. Delight.D. Sympathy.5. Whatare many people in the author’s community like?A. They are probably materialistic.B. They care about the environment.C. They think highly of op shopping.D. They look down upon immigrants.6. What was the author encouraged to do after visiting her friend’s apartment?A. Watch the documentaryThe True Cost.B. Donate more to local charities.C. Avoid shopping too much.D. Stop buying new things.7. What’s the purpose of the text?A. To entertain.B. To advertise.C. To persuade.D. To describe.CIsraeli Paintings—Israeli artist Menashe Kadishman will hold a personal show named "Flock of Sheep" from November 26 to December 20 at the China National Art Museum On show are 550 colourful oil paintings of sheep heads.His works have been on show inthe Metropolitan Museum in New York and Tate Gallery in London over the past 30 years.Time: 9: 00 a.m.—4: 00 p.m., November 26—December 20.Place: China National Art Museum, 1 Wusi Dajie, Dongcheng District, Beijing.Tel: 6401-2252Russian Ballet—The Kremlin Ballet from Russia will perform two immortal classical ballets—"Swan Lake" and "The Nutcracker"—at the Beijing Beizhan Theatre. Set up in 1990, the theatre has a number of first-class ballet dancers. Most of their performances are classical.Time: 7: 15 p.m., December 5 and 6 ("Swan Lake"); 7: 15 p.m., December 7 ("The Nutcracker")Place: Beizhan Theatre, Xiwai Dajie, Xicheng District, Beijing.Tel: 6605-3388Folk Concert—The Central Conservatory of Music will hold a folk concert in memory of the late musician Situ Huacheng.On the programme are many popular folks such as "Moon Night on the Bamboo Tower", "Celebrating Harvest", "Deep and Lasting Friendship", "Golden Snake Dances Wildly" and "Children's Holiday".Time: 7: 30 p.m., November 25.Place: Beijing Concert Hall, 1 Beixinhuajie, Xicheng District, Beijing.Tel: 6605-58128.If a child is very fond of dancing, his parents should take him to ________.A.China National Art MuseumB.Beizhan TheatreC.Beijing Concert HallD.1 Wusi Dajie9.Menashe Kadishman is well known for painting ________.A.deerB.birdsC.sheepD.flowers10.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The folk concert will last three days.B.The ballet "The Nutcracker" will be put on once.C.The Israeli paintings will be on show for a month.D.China National Art Museum lies in Xicheng District.11.If you dial the telephone number 6605-3388 on Dec. 8, you can ________.A.go to the folk concertB.visit the Art MuseumC.watch the balletD.none of the aboveDJapan is known to have higher than average rates of stomach cancer. Recently, the town of Kaneyama in Yamagata Prefecture decided to get its 6, 000 residents (居民) tested.However, the frozen urine samples (尿样) are not tested in conventional ways. Instead, Professor Masao Miyashita and his team are using them in a trial to determine if specially trained cancer-sniffing dogs can accurately detect the disease. Though the study is still in its early stages, Miyashita is thrilled with the results. He said, “In our research so far, cancer detection dogs have been able to find signs of cancer with an accuracy of nearly 100 percent.”Researchers have known about the animals’ superior sensory skills for decades. However, their ability to detect cancer in humans came to light in 1989, after a dog sniffed out early-stage malignant melanoma (恶性黑色素瘤) on a patient’s leg in London. Since then, scientists from many countries have conducted studies to test dogs’ great skill at identifying cancer chemicals.While most dogs can be trained for the task researchers say the best candidates are dogs that are precise, quiet, and perhaps even a little shy. The training process is similar to how dogs are taught to learn any trick — by rewarding them with treats! However, it takes much longer because the dogs have to learn to separate the “cancer scent (气味)”from the thousands of organic compounds (有机化合物) in the human body. Researchers begin by exposing the dogs to urine samples from people with cancer, people with other diseases, and patients with no health issues, Once the dogs are able to accurately identify cancer, they are further trained to detect particular kinds of cancer.Successful as they may be, experts think dogs are unlikely to replace conventional tests. For one, it takes about seven years and costs as much as $45,000 to train a single dog. Klaus Hackner, a researcher and physician who studies dogs detecting cancer in breath samples at Krems University Hospital in Austria, is also not convinced dogs can be relied upon alone. Patients, therefore, have to receive further tests to confirm if they have the disease.12. What do we know about the cancer-sniffing dogs mentioned in Paragraph 2?A. They have done a great job.B. They are trained in a special way.C. They can easily learn to distinguish cancer.D. They can be seen in many Japanese hospitals.13. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?A. Offer readers some advice.B. Add some background information.C. Summarize the previous paragraphs.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.14. What kind of dog is suitable for the cancer-sniffing job?A. Smart and brave.B. Active and faithful.C. Strong and patient.D. Careful and peaceful.15. What is Klaus Hackner’s opinion on cancer-sniffing dogs?A. They should work as a team.B. They need to receive more training.C. They can replace doctors in detecting cancer.D. They should be used together with traditional tests.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
清华大学附属中学2019年高三第二次模拟考试英语试题(含答案)(Word精校版)
清华大学附属中学2019年高三第二次模拟考试高三英语笔试（共三部分120分）第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AMy interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for Washington Post. Our office wasn't far from Chinatown, 1 I found some very good Chinese restaurants.That was the first time that I 2 ( notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food.When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why 3 has this special feature.BMany years ago, China had 4 energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to over population and poor management of its forests. This 5 ( lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their 6 (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes so people found ways to economize.CIn order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables 7 small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked 8 (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food 9 (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavour—and it's this flavour 10 attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2020年清华附中朝阳学校高三英语月考试题及答案
2020年清华附中朝阳学校高三英语月考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHow to Look at ShapeTake a seat at the virtual(虚拟的) table. At our new, monthly membership program, you'll join MoMA staff and fellow members for lively discussions about our collection and exhibitions. Ask questions, share your thoughts, and broaden the mind. A live Q&A, with Michelle Kuo and Anny Aviram, about shape and its role in MoMA's collection is also arranged.Draw, Write, and Connect with OthersExperiment with drawing and writing exercises as ways to connect with others, even when physically distant, in this 45-minute online workshop. This workshop is part of the Creativity Lab at Home plan. This session is led by Francis Estrada, Assistant Educator, and Hannah Fagin, Coordinator. Ifs open to anyone, but registration is limited and space is available on a first-come, first-served basis.Storytelling Through ArtThere are many ways to tell a story — through words through theater and dance, or through visual art, for example. Discover how artist Jacob Lawrence shared the history of an important event by combining words and art in a series of paintings calledThe Migration Series. For kids ages seven to fourteen. Parent participation is encouraged in this online event. Don' miss the opportunity to spend meaningful time with them.The Human ShelterIn 2016, MoMA opened Insecurities: Tracing Displacement and Shelter, an exhibition that examined how contemporary architecture arid design addressed ideas of shelter in light of global refugee(难民) emergencies. Danish Boris Benjamin Bertram documented the exhibition, and the result is a movie by him asking what makes a home, and, perhaps more importantly, when shelter becomes home. This online event is part of Member events.1.What is special about How to Look at Shape?A.It provides an interactive part.B.It is accessible to everyone.C.It is organized by Michelle Kuo.D.It focuses on MoMA's new collection.2.Which event is family-friendly?A.The Human Shelter.B.How to Look at Shape.C.Storytelling Through Art.D.Draw, Write, and Connect with Others.3.In which aspect might Bertram do well?A.Shelter design.B.Storytelling.C.Art education.D.Film-making.BAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart's desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak（连续成功）now，but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain. and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one's money.People often think like this-one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow's plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in -our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren't they? 1 say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living. so live it sensibly.4. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can't buy everything.5. What does the underlined phrase "“refrain from" mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to6. What can we infer from the passage?A. We should enjoy ourselves at the right time.B. We should wait to travel until we have enough money.C. We should live for the future no matter what.D. We should enjoy ourselves to the fullest when we have money.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Money is something but not everything.B. One should save for rainy days.C. Live in the moment before you live for the future.D. Live the present wisely for your life.CAfter years of releasing e-readers that compete directly with Amazon’s Kindle, Rakuten Kobo’s latest device offers something totally different: theability to draw and write directly on the screen.With a large 10.3-inch E-ink display, the Kobo Elipsa looks more like an electronic clipboard than the standard paperpack-sized e-reader. Although the ability to write on the screen is no big deal — especially given its high price tag of $ 600 — the overall package is impressively functional.In terms of reading, the Elipsa packs just about everything you’d expect in a Kobo. You can purchase and download books from the store, read web articles you’ve saved online via Pocket, and connect to your local library to borrow e-books and magazines. It’s known that Kindle basically requires you to buy books from Amazon. Unlike Kindles, Kobos are pretty open with the formats they support; you can connect the Elipsa to a computer and transfer over any PDF books you have bought or downloaded from stores like Booktopia or Google Books.You can fill your virtual notepads with notes using brush and pen types, and export them as PDFs or images to a PC. There’s also an “advanced” notebook that can turn your writing into typed and editable text for exporting to Microsoft Word format. You can also write directly onto documents themselves, with all your word circling and underlining saved as you go to review later. This is especially handy when it comes to PDFs, as changes you make are synced（同步）automatically when you have Wi-Fi, so you can move between your Elipsa, PC and phone and keep your notes.With all that said, we can see it really appealing to e-reader fans who also tend to do a lot of work on paper. If you ever print things out to mark them up, fill notepads with writing or drawing that you later have to transcribe or scan, or just wish you could write all over your library books, this could be the device for you.8. Which of the following best describes the Elipsa?A. Automatic.B. Traditional.C. Useful.D. Standard.9. How is a Kobo different from a Kindle in reading?A. A Kindle has a larger screen.B. A Kindle can support more formats.C. A Kobo supports books from various sources.D. A Kobo should be connected to local libraries.10. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Kobos?A Their function in syncing. B. Their function in typing.C. Their function in writing.D. Their function in reading.11. In which section of a newspaper can the text probably be found?A. Education.B. Technology.C. Lifestyle.D. Business.DThe secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time betweenchildhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at theUniversityofCalifornia, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25.Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However,itcan only lead so far.To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy theseword strings included “family and s”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.12. What do psychologists agree with about dreams?A. Dreams are influenced by life experiences.B. Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.C. Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.D The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.13. What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The collection of dreams.B. Research into dreaming.C. The digital method.D. The challenge for psychologists.14. How do the researchers conduct their study?A. By analyzing large data sets.B. By developing individualized word strings.C. By identifying the patterns of dreaming.D. By making comparison with traditional research.15. Which can be the best title for the text?A. New tech, new findingB. Dreams: reflections of waking realityC. Lives, languages, dreamsD. Life experiences: elements of mental world第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三语文第二次联考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三语文第二次联考试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
电影《白鹿原》是影视与文学的又一次联姻，小说再次支撑起电影之魂。
陈忠实在小说的扉页写到，“小说被认为是一个民族的秘史”，那么当它被改编成电影之后还能保留原作的神韵吗？日前，记者采访了陈忠实，说起小说以外的话题，他说得最多的是——我是个外行！记者：关于电影对小说的改编，您认为哪些部分比较满意，哪些觉得还有遗憾？陈忠实：我最满意的是电影呈现给观众的历史氛围是基本真实的，人的生存形态也是真实的。
因为历史氛围的真实决定了人物命运和人物情感的真实。
电影必须保证历史的真实。
乡村的伦理道德、沿袭已久的民间文化习俗等影响着当时人与人之间的关系，一旦这些习俗、规则遭到破坏就会产生矛盾，进而影响人物情感的真实性。
无论小说还是电影都要反映生活在那个时代的人的真实情感，人物与时代都是血肉相连的。
浙白说到遗憾，我总希望电影能更充分、更准确地通过直接的视觉画面把小说的全部传达给观众，总希望小说里的人物更充分、更集中地与观众交流，但受到不同艺术形式的时空限制，留下了遗憾。
记者：电影《白鹿原》具有浓郁的地城特色，当初你觉得其中大量使用地方戏和方言是一种冒险吗？陈忠实：贯穿电影始终的唱腔是在陕北地区一种几乎失传的民间艺术——“老腔”，演唱者都是地道的农民，平时就靠在红白事上唱戏谋生。
我想大家会喜欢这种原汁原味的音乐。
方言是生活和时代背景的重要组成部分。
关中方言许多都是咱们民族的原始语言，古语中的很多词句用法都在其中保留了下来。
我在写小说时对使用方言有自己的把握尺度。
电影在方言的使用上走得更远。
记者：把地方文化植入影视作品似乎已经司空见惯，“地域元素”成了影视剧创作的一个法宝，你觉得这部电影在这方面处理得怎样？陈忠实：这部电影的确有浓郁、鲜明的陕北特色，但它没有简单地为影片贴标签，没有刻意离开故事情节和人物形象单纯表现文化符号，这样看上去比较融洽。
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBIn Australia, plenty of wild things can bite or sting(刺伤) you. Strangely enough, one of them is a tree. Now scientists have figured out what makes the tree’s sting so bad.The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people callit the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by native Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you touch a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked(舔) at the places where they’d been injected, indicating that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape makes the chemicals very stable, which helps explain why the pain stays so long.The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all using similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small s of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.4. Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable?A. Because it has so unusual an appearance.B. Because it is extremely rare in existence.C. Because touching it creates a quite strange feeling.D. Because the pain caused by it doesn’t go away quickly.5. What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree?A. How it produces poisons.B. What poisons it produces.C. How it benefits from the sting.D. The consequences of its sting.6. What does the text imply about the stinging tree?A. It produces the same poisons as spiders.B. Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.C. Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.D. Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. Scientists Discover Stinging Tree's SecretB. Caution: Stinging Tree Can Bite and Poison YouC. Scientists Discover a Strange Species in AustraliaD. Effective Ways to Avoid Being Hurt by Stinging TreeCIt’s 13:30 and 28-year-old Marten Pella 's smart phone starts pinging, a signal that it’s time for us to stop working around his living room table and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and sit-ups around his apartment.Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workers-freelancers（自由职业者）or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotely—to work at each other’s homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life.Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exercise, or simply chatting over a coffee. In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then I’m easily distracted（分心）.The help of others makes me so much more disciplined.” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts. “People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so there can be really interesting discussions,” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist ChristoferFranzen, now 37. He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective（集体的）intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home co-working with friends in similar situations,” he says.Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because there’s a sense of community and desire to contribute. He’s looking for ways to expand the social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.8. Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?A. In his own home.B. In his office.C. In another person’s home.D. At Stockholm University.9. What do people attending Hoffice events do first when they meet?A. Watch an exercise video.B. Work silently for 45 minutes.C. Tell each other their daily plans.D. Report what they have achieved.10. What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”?A. They usually work alone.B. They often give lectures.C. They study collective intelligence.D. They have to work at a kitchen table.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Sharing Comfortable WorkplacesB. A New Way to Make New FriendsC. Benefits of Collective IntelligenceD. Working from Others’ HomesDIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit aftermanufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.12. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.13. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.15. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年清华附中朝阳学校高三生物月考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年清华附中朝阳学校高三生物月考试题及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 给正常小狗实施垂体切除手术后，短期内小狗血液中的三种激素一一促甲状腺激素释放激素（a)、促甲状腺激素（b)、甲状腺激素（c)的含量变化正确的是（横轴为时间，纵轴为激素含量）A. B. C.D.2. 下列关于反射和反射弧的叙述，错误的是（）A. 只有具有神经系统的生物才能发生反射活动B. 刺激传出神经引起的效应器的反应也属于反射C. 构成反射弧的神经元至少有两个D. 反射发生需要一定的刺激及完整的反射弧3. 某化学药物进入细胞后能抑制磷脂的合成。
当该药物进入细胞后，下列细胞器的合成未直接受影响的是A.溶酶体和液泡B.中心体和核糖体C.线粒体和叶绿体D.内质网和高尔基体4. 下列叙述正确的是（）A.蔗糖需要借助细胞膜上相应载体的运输才能进入动物细胞内B.脂质中的磷脂、胆固醇都是构成动物细胞膜的重要成分C.组成病毒的蛋白质是由宿主细胞的遗传物质控制合成的D.衰老的细胞内水分减少会引起细胞萎缩、细胞核体积变小5. 细菌被归为原核生物的原因是（）A. 细胞体积小B. 单细胞C. 没有成形的细胞核D. 具有细胞膜6. 肾上腺糖皮质激素是一种可使血糖升高的动物激素，当人体受到某一外界刺激后体内会发生如图所示的过程。
下列相关叙述不正确的是（）A.上述调节过程中存在神经—体液调节B.此过程既有分级调节也有反馈调节C.胰高血糖素的分泌调节机制和图中肾上腺糖皮质激素的分泌过程相同D.下丘脑中既有接受神经递质的受体也有接受肾上腺糖皮质激素的受体7. 下列各项中，能揭示动植物细胞统一性的是（）A.细胞学说B.进化学说C.分离定律D.中心法则8. 花青素是一类天然色素，能抑制多种癌细胞增殖。
用不同浓度的蓝莓花青素处理人口腔癌（KB）细胞，得到结果如图。
下列相关叙述正确的是（）A.随蓝莓花青素浓度增加，G1期细胞所占比例增加B.蓝莓花青素可使KB细胞停留在G2/M期C.蓝莓花青素可抑制KB细胞的DNA复制D.蓝莓花青素抑癌的最适浓度是50μg/mL9. 水稻幼根长期淹水会变黑、腐烂，主要是由于（）A.能量不足B.酒精中毒C.乳酸中毒D.CO2中毒10. 将黑藻叶片表皮细胞浸润在一定浓度的KNO3溶液中，其原生质体体积的变化趋势如图所示。
2020届清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析
2020届清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AObesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.A. obesity does not do harm to health.B. there are more obese children than before.C. all the American children are obese.D. there are less obese children in the USA.2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A. How to avoid obesity.B. How to live in the busy USA.C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.D. How doctors treat heart problems.BTwenty years ago, I became involved in pet therapy(疗法) work with our Angel. As she matured and went through professional training, we realized that she would be good at this new job.Angel is ten now and works every week. She visits two hospitals providing day care for the elderly, and our library’s PAWS forReadingprogram. At the library, six to ten dogs lie on the floor, and the kids pick a book to read to a dog. After they finish, they get a card with the dog’s picture and history. Angel also helps out at a special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely unable to move the right side of her body from a stroke(中风). One day, my husband, Jack, got Angel up into a chair next to the woman’s bed, asking her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded. Angel gently took the treat. Then the woman raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend couldn’t believe her eyes.After that, every time we saw the woman, she lifted her left hand. We’d tell her she had to use her right hand, and she would. Next, you’ll fall in love with this woman’s story of rearing her own Angel later in her family and why she calls it the best decision she ever made.4. Who is Angel?A. A pet trainer.B. A hospitalC. A therapy dog.D. The author’s kid.5. What does Angel usually do?A. Save seriously ill people.B. Pay visits to kids in hospital.C. Protect the elderly in their homes.D. Help children at a special camp.6. Why was the woman’s friend astonished?A The woman moved her right hand.B. The woman treated Angel.C. Angel helped the woman recover.D. Angel got along with the woman.7. What does the underlined word “rearing” in the last paragraph mean?A. Accompanying.B. Raising.C. Assisting.D. Training.CJoshua Nelson, 18, fromMissouri, is graduating fromSt. CharlesWestHigh Schoolthis week and will be attendingSoutheastMissouriStatein the fall. He had saved upmoney to pay for his tuition, but when he received the college's President's Scholarship, he decided to take his savings and donate it to other students in need.“It comes from my family education and faith," Nelson said. "I've always lived by strong principles as far as being a cheerful giver andhaving an open handwhen it comes to giving back so I feel like that really motivated me.”SEMO's President's Scholarship is the school’s most celebrated, and is only awarded to five top students annually. Nelsonsaid he sat down and outlined how a scholarship could work to help future students who need financial assistance for college. Originally the plan was to give away $ 1,000 the one time, but then he met up with his counselor (顾问), Yolanda Curry, to work outa game plan.“I wasn't expecting it at all!” Curry said. "He told me he had a great idea and wanted to share it with me. I could tell he was really excited.Nelson, in association with his high school, set up the Joshua Nelson Leaders In Action Scholarship fund. Each year, $1,000 will be awarded to a senior. The money will come from donations, of which there have been $16,000 so far — for a total of $17,435 at last count, according to the school. With the money already in the fund, there's enough to give out a scholarship each year for over a decade. The first scholarship was awarded on June 1 to Darrell Montalvo-Luna. As the first recipient, his scholarship was $2,000.“Joshua has the heart of a servant leader. He leads by example and he's genuinely excited when good things happen for other people," Curry said. "He's an encouragement — he's good at building others up and does what he can to help encourage and motivate those around.8. What did Nelson's initial donation come from?A. His scholarship.B. His savings.C. His pocket money.D. His wages.9. What does the underlined phrase "having an open hand" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Ambitious.B. Courageous.C. Generous.D. Cautious.10. How did Curry feel when hearing Nelson's idea?A. Shocked.B. Confused.C. Excited.D. Delighted.11. What can be inferred about the Joshua Nelson Leaders In Action Scholarship fund?A. It never supports high school students.B. It was set up more than ten years ago.C. It was founded by Nelson and Curry.D. It is going very smoothly.DAs summer approaches, many kids and teenagers may find that they have more time in hand. One great way to make use of the extra time is to go on an adventure and travel. Clearly, I am not a naturally adventurous person, but I have found that takingthe risk and challenging myself to explore and travel to unfamiliar places can be a very rewarding experience.Because I am usually quite busy during the school year, most of my travels take place during the summer. Over the past few summers, I have hiked in the Grand Canyon, explored Niagara Falls, and camped out in upstate New York. Although these experiences are varied, they are similar in that they instill (灌输) a sense of appreciation for nature and a more balanced view on life. When I hiked in the Grand Canyon, for example, I was in awe(敬畏) of the geological influences that shaped the canyon.Adventures, of course, are not limited to hiking. There are many other choices, such as camping, volunteering in a foreign environment and travelling to different countries. In my opinion, adventures are more enjoyable with family or a few friends. There is a sense of bonding that one only gets through spending time together in outdoor adventures. For example, when I was in Boy Scouts, I often went on weekend camping trips with my friends. When I came back from a Boy Scouts camping trip, I often was eager to go outside more and explore the parks and nature around me.Next fall, I will attend college. In the meantime though, I hope to make the most of my summer to explore and travel. Now, I am planning on hiking and camping out in Maine.When I visited Maine last fall, I was amazed by how beautiful it was and the tall trees and coasts that exist,and I really hope to enjoy the beauty of nature there this summer.12. We can learn from the first paragraph about the author?A. He is an adventurous person by natureB. He likes challenging himself by travellingC. He enjoys travelling with other adventurersD He needs others’ help when going on an adventure13. Which of the following can make people’s adventure more enjoyable according to the author？A. Going to different countries.B. Going to unfamiliar places.C. Travelling withtheir family or friends.D. Travelling to distant places by themselves.14. What will the author do this summer？A. Explore Niagara Falls.B. Hike in the Grand Canyons.C. Camp out in upstate New York.D. Hike and camp out in Maine.15. Who is probably the author?A. A high school student.B. A college student.C. A friendly guide.D. A warm-hearted teacher.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2020届清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOlder adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease（冠心病）, and other conditions.A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests，which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?A. difficultB. disorderedC. dissolvedD. different2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3. What can we infer from the study?A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.BWhen you think of the icy Arctic Ocean, do you picture cold blue waters, on which float (漂浮) icebergs home to animals and fish not seen elsewhere on the planet? Think again, or rather add 300 billion pieces of plastic (塑料) to your picture. That's the amount of plastic that scientists believe is floating around the Arctic Ocean. Most of the plastic is in the area to the east of Greenland and north of Scandinavia.Where did it come from? After all, the lands near the Arctic are not really full of people. It turns out that ocean currents are carrying plastic thrown into the ocean all the way to the Arctic. An ocean current is an unending movement of sea water from one point to another. It is caused by several things including heat from the Sun, wind and movement of the Earth.Many of these plastic pieces seem to have travelled for years before reaching the Arctic. This was worked out by scientists studying the plastic problem after they observed the condition of the pieces. While much plastic floats on top of the water, a lot also may be on the sea floor.Plastic has been widely used for 60 years on Earth and our careless throwing of plastic things is slowly turning the once perfectly clean Arctic into a dangerous place. Unlike food waste and plant waste, plastic doesn't break down so easily. In fact the United States Environment Protection Organization reports that “every bit of plastic ever made still exists”.What's the effect? Seabirds, sea turtles and other ocean creatures could get hurt and die when they accidentallyswallowplastic. Plastic waste affects fishing, affecting people who earn money through fishing. Plastics can let out dangerous poisons (毒物) into the water. These may be swallowed by fish, and when these fish arecaught and eaten by people or bigger animals, they could get poisoned too!4. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Arctic Ocean is heavily polluted.B. The plastic is mostlyin the area in the east of Greenland.C. An ocean current is just caused by the movement of the earth.D. Much more plastic floats on top of the water.5. Which of the following doesn't contribute to the plastic ocean?A. Humans throw away plastic things at will.B. Ocean currents carry plastic things everywhere.C. Plastic can let out harmful things into the water.D. Plastic is hard to break down.6. What does the underlined word “swallow” in the last Paragraph mean?A. Break down.B. Take in.C. Accept.D. Touch.7. What's the best title of the text?A. Are Men to Blame for Plastic Ocean?B. Arctic Ocean and Its Future!C. Is Plastic Harmful?D. Arctic Ocean or Plastic Ocean?CIf you’ve ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man’s best friend”. But a dog has a much shorter life span — about 12 to 15 years long — than humans, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech is planning to introduce their business toUKdog owners, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg.Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months. To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died.The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price — around £63,000 (614,000yuan). But if you can’t afford it now, you can also save the cells in a laboratory and access them at a later date. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exact same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian clone will be different, for example,” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, toldThe Guardian. However, as magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect replica of the original one.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “clone-able”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both “random elements [that] cloning technologies simply cannot overcome”, Professor Tom Kirkwood atNewcastle University,UK, toldThe Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back with cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out: “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”8. According to the article, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation is ______.A. working on plans to help dog owners enjoy their pets longerB. offering a way to help dogs give birth to more puppiesC. providing a service that will make copies of pet dogsD. introducing a completely new technique to clone dogs9. Which of the following statements about dog cloning is TRUE according to the article?A. Dog cloning technology hadn’t been put into practice until recently.B. Dog cloning is very expensive and usually takes several months to complete.C. Dog cloning is very popular among US andUKpet owners.D. Cloned dogs might develop different habits and characteristics even though they look very similar.10. Which of the following shows the correct order of the dog cloning process?a. an egg is taken from another dogb. a skin cell is taken from the pet dog and saved in a laboratoryc. the egg is placed in the womb of a female dogd. the DNA of the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin celle. the egg grows into a puppy in two monthsA. acbde.B. adbce.C. bacde.D. badce.11. We can learn from the article thatKirkwood______ dog cloning.A. disapproves ofB. supportsC. is afraid ofD. is curious aboutDTo hear people talk about Internet friendships, you would think it was one giant web of cat-fishing and e-crime. While we all undoubtedly have to take measures to remain safe online, assuming every friendship or connection made on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook is cheating or insincere would be a mistake.As a woman who works in the creative industry, I have found real joy in seeking out a community I couldn’t find elsewhere, and making some great friends along the way. My first online friendship was on Twitter with my(now) best friend, during the university exam period. We exchanged study notes in dozens of direct messages, set a study date, and haven’t looked back since.Drawn to each other by similar circumstances, friendships online are similar to offline in that they tend to begin because of shared interest or common ground-maybe they’ve read the post on Instagram. Maybe they have the same taste in food or politics. Or maybe they just love memes too. If online friendships start similar to friendships offline, they grow in the same way, too. Often through mutual support: apart from calling a friend to congratulate him on that new job, you also re-tweet his jokes and praise his Instagram story.Despite my positive experiences when I tell people, most are still suspicious. Eyebrows are raised higher when I explain not only have I found a community online but have made friendships with people I meet face-to-face too. Actually, these are just as valid as other friendships, according to behavioural psychologist Jo Hemmings, who says online friendships can be real.So how do you know if people are there for the real you or just because you’re popular on Instagram? Hemmings has simple rules. She tells me “You have to equally feel comfortable that you’re getting something of each other instead of being used to enable something that isn’t friendship.”Therefore, if all a “friend” online is asking you to do is to promote their work or personal brand and rarely takes an interest in you, then there may be room to question the basis of the friendship. On that note it is worth remembering that just because someone has a lot of followers, it doesn’t necessarily mean they have lots of friends.12. What is most people’s attitude towards online friendship?A. Negative.B. Positive.C. Objective.D. Neutral.13. Why does the writer share her own experience in paragraph 2?A. To introduce the background information of the text.B. To convey the writer’s attitude and give the related example.C. To prove the likely risk for people to develop friendship online.D. To remind people of the various benefits of making friends online.14. How can online and offline friendships be deepened?A. They should be based on shared interest.B. They need to have common ground.C. They require support from each other.D. They can’t live without social media.15. According to the author, what’s the golden rule to make friends online?A. A friend to all is a friend to none.B. Without confidence there is no friendship.C. A friend without faults will never be found.D. Friendship cannot stand always on one side.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020届清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Middlerby Kirsty ApplebaumEleven-year-old Maggie lives in Fennis Wick, enclosed and protected from the outside world. Her brother Jed is the eldest, a hero. Her younger brother is Trig—everyone loves Trig. But Maggie's just a middler；she is left behind. In this book, we experience the sadness of being the forgotten middle child, the child with no voice, even in her own family.Dennis in Jurassic Barkby Nigel AuchterlounieBeanotown is in trouble again, and this time the danger is Jurassic! Dennis，latest adventure is filled with fun, including Vikings, Victorians and soon, along with puzzles for you to finish. Can you help Dennis save Beanotown from the prehistoric invasion?Little Book for Big Changesby Karen Ng and Kirsten LiepmannIncluding more than 100 activities, try-outs, games, puzzles and tips,Little Book for Big Changesoffers fun and creative ways to bring people together to help change the world. Understand more about big problems in the world such as inequality and climate change, and be empowered to help make the world a better place.The Saga of Erik the Vikingby Terry JonesIn this illustrated story, Erik the Viking sets out with his trusty team of men in search of the land where the Sun goes at night. On his journey, he will meet adventures that will put his courage to the test.1. Who told a story about an unseen child in a family?A. Terry Jones.B. Kirsty Applebaum.C. Nigel Auchterlounie.D. Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann.2. Which book is proper for kids who love prehistoric-related stories?A.The Middler.B.Little Book for Big Changes.C.Dennis in Jurassic Bark.D.The Saga of Erik the Viking.3. What is special aboutLittle Book for Big Changes"!A. It is about two people.B. It is an adventure book.C. It has picturesinside to help kids read.D. It teaches kids to care for the world.BIn recent years,people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.But high-quality nutrients count for little when there is no time to eat them. Amy Ettinger reports, "There is no national standard on how much time kids get to eat that meal. " And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.This is a problem because the length of the school lunch period is a key factor (因素) in how much nutrition children actually gel. Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.This is really terrible. For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake. There's also another terrible message that it's acceptable to wolf down food as fast as possible before rushing off to your next class. Cafeteria time should be a chance to interact with friends, to learn important social skills, to observe and share varieties of food. It should be a break in day, a chance to relax before heading into the afternoon.As Ettinger explains,some parents are hoping the National Parent Teacher Association will address this issue. This, in turn, would help parents push their kids' schools for better lunch time standards. Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup. Make the foods easy to eat, provide non-messy snacks that can be eaten in class, put great effort into serving a hearty breakfast, and sit down as a family for dinner whenever possible.4. What did Michelle Obama make efforts to improve?A. The quality of school lunches.B. The performance of school kids.C. The school lunch time kids have.D. The eating habits of school kids.5. What happens to children in American schools?A. They are occupied with many tests.B. They fail to get along with each other.C. They consume more meat than before.D. They have less lunch time than before.6. How are low-income kids influenced by the problem at school?A. They can't go to classes on time.B. They can't have enough energy.C. They can't share different kinds of food.D. They can't hold a positive attitude toward life.7.What can parents do to solve the problem?A. Prepare a better lunch for their kids.B. Stop their kids going to the cafeteria.C. Force schools to make adjustments to lunch.D. Guide their kids on how to pack their own lunch.CThereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me to do what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit.Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the rightopportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof.8. What was the author born to do according to the text?A. Be a basketball player.B. Act and perform.C. Make speeches.D. Teach people.9. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. Chance.B. Energy.C. Days.D. Laughter.10. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?A. To help others find their talents.B. To prove his decision was right.C. To inspire people to follow their dreams.D. To encourage people to set a goal.11. What can be the best tile for the text?A. Success Lies in Hard Work.B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important.C. The Two Important Days in Life.D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do.DThe race skywards began inAmerica. In the late1800s, industrialization had driven urban populations and land prices up, making tall buildings increasingly cost-effective, according to Carol Willis, director of theSkyscraperMuseuminNew York, “The very first tall buildings were office buildings that concentrated a work force, piled one on top of the other in order to make business very efficient, ”she says.Like all major changes in architecture, the trend wasunderpinnedby engineering. The development of steel framework, which could be used instead of load-bearing stones, made it easier and cheaper to build tall. The coming of the elevator, meanwhile, made living on higher floors far more convenient.Though similar in shape, today's skyscrapers (摩天大楼) look little like those built in the first half of the 20thcentury. This is mostly thanks to architecture's next major technological shift：the curtain wall.Postwar developments in manufacturing meant that huge panes of glass could be produced quickly and uniformly, and glass windows soon became the front of choice for high-rises. As well as allowing for greater floor space and more natural light, glass exteriors (外部) help. buildings resist greater windloads.There are now 191 completed skyscrapers that are at least 300 meters tall. But that doesn't mean our cities will grow taller indefinitely. While each additional story adds sellable floor space, construction costs also rise. All buildings reach a point where adding an extra floor will cost more money than it brings.“Every city wants to have this landmark that gives that sense of distinct culture, ”but it also needs places for people to live and work in urban settings“without the city sprawling (无序扩张), ”explains Hong Kong architectSimon Chan.The next big challenge facing architects goes beyond height：At a time when buildings and their construction account for more than a third of the world's energy consumption and contribute about 40% of greenhouse gas emissions(排放), there are new costs to consider.Whether it's employing more energy-efficient materials, encouraging natural air or using buildings themselves to generate solar or wind energy, reducing carbon emissions is the new frontier for many skyscraper architects.12. What does the underlined word“underpinned” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Created.B. Prepared.C. Suggested.D. Supported.13. What made living on higher floors much more convenient?A. The development of steel framework.B. Load-bearing stones.C. The use of the elevator.D. The curtain wall.14. What can we know from paragraph 5?A. Our cities will grow taller definitely.B. All skyscrapers are at least 300 meters tall.C. Construction cost rises as the stories increase.D. The profit for builders will be greater as the building becomes higher.15. What's the next big challenge facing architects?A. How to build the greenest building.B. How to build the strongest building.C. How to build the tallest building in the world.D. How to build the most comfortable building.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
清华大学附属中学2019年高三第二次模拟考试英语试题(含答案)(Word精校版)
清华大学附属中学2019年高三第二次模拟考试高三英语本试卷满分共120分考试时间100分钟出卷人：高三英语备课组全体注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。
选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。
非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
笔试（共三部分120分）第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AMy interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for Washington Post.Our office wasn't far from Chinatown, 1 I found some very good Chinese restaurants.That was the first time that I 2 ( notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetablesof Chinese food.When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why 3 has this special feature.BMany years ago, China had 4 energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to over population and poor management of its forests. This 5 ( lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their 6 (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes so people found ways to economize.CIn order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables 7 small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked 8 (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food 9 (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavour—and it's this flavour 10 attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。