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Native Instruments MASCHINE MK3 用户手册说明书
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Native Instruments GmbH. The software described by this docu-ment is subject to a License Agreement and may not be copied to other media. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced or otherwise transmitted or recorded, for any purpose, without prior written permission by Native Instruments GmbH, hereinafter referred to as Native Instruments.“Native Instruments”, “NI” and associated logos are (registered) trademarks of Native Instru-ments GmbH.ASIO, VST, HALion and Cubase are registered trademarks of Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH.All other product and company names are trademarks™ or registered® trademarks of their re-spective holders. Use of them does not imply any affiliation with or endorsement by them.Document authored by: David Gover and Nico Sidi.Software version: 2.8 (02/2019)Hardware version: MASCHINE MK3Special thanks to the Beta Test Team, who were invaluable not just in tracking down bugs, but in making this a better product.NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH Schlesische Str. 29-30D-10997 Berlin Germanywww.native-instruments.de NATIVE INSTRUMENTS North America, Inc. 6725 Sunset Boulevard5th FloorLos Angeles, CA 90028USANATIVE INSTRUMENTS K.K.YO Building 3FJingumae 6-7-15, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0001Japanwww.native-instruments.co.jp NATIVE INSTRUMENTS UK Limited 18 Phipp StreetLondon EC2A 4NUUKNATIVE INSTRUMENTS FRANCE SARL 113 Rue Saint-Maur75011 ParisFrance SHENZHEN NATIVE INSTRUMENTS COMPANY Limited 5F, Shenzhen Zimao Center111 Taizi Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, GuangdongChina© NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH, 2019. All rights reserved.Table of Contents1Welcome to MASCHINE (25)1.1MASCHINE Documentation (26)1.2Document Conventions (27)1.3New Features in MASCHINE 2.8 (29)1.4New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.10 (31)1.5New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.8 (31)1.6New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.7 (32)1.7New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.4 (33)1.8New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.3 (36)2Quick Reference (38)2.1Using Your Controller (38)2.1.1Controller Modes and Mode Pinning (38)2.1.2Controlling the Software Views from Your Controller (40)2.2MASCHINE Project Overview (43)2.2.1Sound Content (44)2.2.2Arrangement (45)2.3MASCHINE Hardware Overview (48)2.3.1MASCHINE Hardware Overview (48)2.3.1.1Control Section (50)2.3.1.2Edit Section (53)2.3.1.3Performance Section (54)2.3.1.4Group Section (56)2.3.1.5Transport Section (56)2.3.1.6Pad Section (58)2.3.1.7Rear Panel (63)2.4MASCHINE Software Overview (65)2.4.1Header (66)2.4.2Browser (68)2.4.3Arranger (70)2.4.4Control Area (73)2.4.5Pattern Editor (74)3Basic Concepts (76)3.1Important Names and Concepts (76)3.2Adjusting the MASCHINE User Interface (79)3.2.1Adjusting the Size of the Interface (79)3.2.2Switching between Ideas View and Song View (80)3.2.3Showing/Hiding the Browser (81)3.2.4Showing/Hiding the Control Lane (81)3.3Common Operations (82)3.3.1Using the 4-Directional Push Encoder (82)3.3.2Pinning a Mode on the Controller (83)3.3.3Adjusting Volume, Swing, and Tempo (84)3.3.4Undo/Redo (87)3.3.5List Overlay for Selectors (89)3.3.6Zoom and Scroll Overlays (90)3.3.7Focusing on a Group or a Sound (91)3.3.8Switching Between the Master, Group, and Sound Level (96)3.3.9Navigating Channel Properties, Plug-ins, and Parameter Pages in the Control Area.973.3.9.1Extended Navigate Mode on Your Controller (102)3.3.10Navigating the Software Using the Controller (105)3.3.11Using Two or More Hardware Controllers (106)3.3.12Touch Auto-Write Option (108)3.4Native Kontrol Standard (110)3.5Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (111)3.5.1Differences between Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (112)3.5.2Switching Instances (113)3.5.3Controlling Various Instances with Different Controllers (114)3.6Host Integration (114)3.6.1Setting up Host Integration (115)3.6.1.1Setting up Ableton Live (macOS) (115)3.6.1.2Setting up Ableton Live (Windows) (116)3.6.1.3Setting up Apple Logic Pro X (116)3.6.2Integration with Ableton Live (117)3.6.3Integration with Apple Logic Pro X (119)3.7Preferences (120)3.7.1Preferences – General Page (121)3.7.2Preferences – Audio Page (126)3.7.3Preferences – MIDI Page (130)3.7.4Preferences – Default Page (133)3.7.5Preferences – Library Page (137)3.7.6Preferences – Plug-ins Page (145)3.7.7Preferences – Hardware Page (150)3.7.8Preferences – Colors Page (154)3.8Integrating MASCHINE into a MIDI Setup (156)3.8.1Connecting External MIDI Equipment (156)3.8.2Sync to External MIDI Clock (157)3.8.3Send MIDI Clock (158)3.9Syncing MASCHINE using Ableton Link (159)3.9.1Connecting to a Network (159)3.9.2Joining and Leaving a Link Session (159)3.10Using a Pedal with the MASCHINE Controller (160)3.11File Management on the MASCHINE Controller (161)4Browser (163)4.1Browser Basics (163)4.1.1The MASCHINE Library (163)4.1.2Browsing the Library vs. Browsing Your Hard Disks (164)4.2Searching and Loading Files from the Library (165)4.2.1Overview of the Library Pane (165)4.2.2Selecting or Loading a Product and Selecting a Bank from the Browser (170)4.2.2.1[MK3] Browsing by Product Category Using the Controller (174)4.2.2.2[MK3] Browsing by Product Vendor Using the Controller (174)4.2.3Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank (175)4.2.3.1Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank on theController (179)4.2.4Selecting a File Type (180)4.2.5Choosing Between Factory and User Content (181)4.2.6Selecting Type and Character Tags (182)4.2.7List and Tag Overlays in the Browser (186)4.2.8Performing a Text Search (188)4.2.9Loading a File from the Result List (188)4.3Additional Browsing Tools (193)4.3.1Loading the Selected Files Automatically (193)4.3.2Auditioning Instrument Presets (195)4.3.3Auditioning Samples (196)4.3.4Loading Groups with Patterns (197)4.3.5Loading Groups with Routing (198)4.3.6Displaying File Information (198)4.4Using Favorites in the Browser (199)4.5Editing the Files’ Tags and Properties (203)4.5.1Attribute Editor Basics (203)4.5.2The Bank Page (205)4.5.3The Types and Characters Pages (205)4.5.4The Properties Page (208)4.6Loading and Importing Files from Your File System (209)4.6.1Overview of the FILES Pane (209)4.6.2Using Favorites (211)4.6.3Using the Location Bar (212)4.6.4Navigating to Recent Locations (213)4.6.5Using the Result List (214)4.6.6Importing Files to the MASCHINE Library (217)4.7Locating Missing Samples (219)4.8Using Quick Browse (221)5Managing Sounds, Groups, and Your Project (225)5.1Overview of the Sounds, Groups, and Master (225)5.1.1The Sound, Group, and Master Channels (226)5.1.2Similarities and Differences in Handling Sounds and Groups (227)5.1.3Selecting Multiple Sounds or Groups (228)5.2Managing Sounds (233)5.2.1Loading Sounds (235)5.2.2Pre-listening to Sounds (236)5.2.3Renaming Sound Slots (237)5.2.4Changing the Sound’s Color (237)5.2.5Saving Sounds (239)5.2.6Copying and Pasting Sounds (241)5.2.7Moving Sounds (244)5.2.8Resetting Sound Slots (245)5.3Managing Groups (247)5.3.1Creating Groups (248)5.3.2Loading Groups (249)5.3.3Renaming Groups (251)5.3.4Changing the Group’s Color (251)5.3.5Saving Groups (253)5.3.6Copying and Pasting Groups (255)5.3.7Reordering Groups (258)5.3.8Deleting Groups (259)5.4Exporting MASCHINE Objects and Audio (260)5.4.1Saving a Group with its Samples (261)5.4.2Saving a Project with its Samples (262)5.4.3Exporting Audio (264)5.5Importing Third-Party File Formats (270)5.5.1Loading REX Files into Sound Slots (270)5.5.2Importing MPC Programs to Groups (271)6Playing on the Controller (275)6.1Adjusting the Pads (275)6.1.1The Pad View in the Software (275)6.1.2Choosing a Pad Input Mode (277)6.1.3Adjusting the Base Key (280)6.1.4Using Choke Groups (282)6.1.5Using Link Groups (284)6.2Adjusting the Key, Choke, and Link Parameters for Multiple Sounds (286)6.3Playing Tools (287)6.3.1Mute and Solo (288)6.3.2Choke All Notes (292)6.3.3Groove (293)6.3.4Level, Tempo, Tune, and Groove Shortcuts on Your Controller (295)6.3.5Tap Tempo (299)6.4Performance Features (300)6.4.1Overview of the Perform Features (300)6.4.2Selecting a Scale and Creating Chords (303)6.4.3Scale and Chord Parameters (303)6.4.4Creating Arpeggios and Repeated Notes (316)6.4.5Swing on Note Repeat / Arp Output (321)6.5Using Lock Snapshots (322)6.5.1Creating a Lock Snapshot (322)6.5.2Using Extended Lock (323)6.5.3Updating a Lock Snapshot (323)6.5.4Recalling a Lock Snapshot (324)6.5.5Morphing Between Lock Snapshots (324)6.5.6Deleting a Lock Snapshot (325)6.5.7Triggering Lock Snapshots via MIDI (326)6.6Using the Smart Strip (327)6.6.1Pitch Mode (328)6.6.2Modulation Mode (328)6.6.3Perform Mode (328)6.6.4Notes Mode (329)7Working with Plug-ins (330)7.1Plug-in Overview (330)7.1.1Plug-in Basics (330)7.1.2First Plug-in Slot of Sounds: Choosing the Sound’s Role (334)7.1.3Loading, Removing, and Replacing a Plug-in (335)7.1.3.1Browser Plug-in Slot Selection (341)7.1.4Adjusting the Plug-in Parameters (344)7.1.5Bypassing Plug-in Slots (344)7.1.6Using Side-Chain (346)7.1.7Moving Plug-ins (346)7.1.8Alternative: the Plug-in Strip (348)7.1.9Saving and Recalling Plug-in Presets (348)7.1.9.1Saving Plug-in Presets (349)7.1.9.2Recalling Plug-in Presets (350)7.1.9.3Removing a Default Plug-in Preset (351)7.2The Sampler Plug-in (352)7.2.1Page 1: Voice Settings / Engine (354)7.2.2Page 2: Pitch / Envelope (356)7.2.3Page 3: FX / Filter (359)7.2.4Page 4: Modulation (361)7.2.5Page 5: LFO (363)7.2.6Page 6: Velocity / Modwheel (365)7.3Using Native Instruments and External Plug-ins (367)7.3.1Opening/Closing Plug-in Windows (367)7.3.2Using the VST/AU Plug-in Parameters (370)7.3.3Setting Up Your Own Parameter Pages (371)7.3.4Using VST/AU Plug-in Presets (376)7.3.5Multiple-Output Plug-ins and Multitimbral Plug-ins (378)8Using the Audio Plug-in (380)8.1Loading a Loop into the Audio Plug-in (384)8.2Editing Audio in the Audio Plug-in (385)8.3Using Loop Mode (386)8.4Using Gate Mode (388)9Using the Drumsynths (390)9.1Drumsynths – General Handling (391)9.1.1Engines: Many Different Drums per Drumsynth (391)9.1.2Common Parameter Organization (391)9.1.3Shared Parameters (394)9.1.4Various Velocity Responses (394)9.1.5Pitch Range, Tuning, and MIDI Notes (394)9.2The Kicks (395)9.2.1Kick – Sub (397)9.2.2Kick – Tronic (399)9.2.3Kick – Dusty (402)9.2.4Kick – Grit (403)9.2.5Kick – Rasper (406)9.2.6Kick – Snappy (407)9.2.7Kick – Bold (409)9.2.8Kick – Maple (411)9.2.9Kick – Push (412)9.3The Snares (414)9.3.1Snare – Volt (416)9.3.2Snare – Bit (418)9.3.3Snare – Pow (420)9.3.4Snare – Sharp (421)9.3.5Snare – Airy (423)9.3.6Snare – Vintage (425)9.3.7Snare – Chrome (427)9.3.8Snare – Iron (429)9.3.9Snare – Clap (431)9.3.10Snare – Breaker (433)9.4The Hi-hats (435)9.4.1Hi-hat – Silver (436)9.4.2Hi-hat – Circuit (438)9.4.3Hi-hat – Memory (440)9.4.4Hi-hat – Hybrid (442)9.4.5Creating a Pattern with Closed and Open Hi-hats (444)9.5The Toms (445)9.5.1Tom – Tronic (447)9.5.2Tom – Fractal (449)9.5.3Tom – Floor (453)9.5.4Tom – High (455)9.6The Percussions (456)9.6.1Percussion – Fractal (458)9.6.2Percussion – Kettle (461)9.6.3Percussion – Shaker (463)9.7The Cymbals (467)9.7.1Cymbal – Crash (469)9.7.2Cymbal – Ride (471)10Using the Bass Synth (474)10.1Bass Synth – General Handling (475)10.1.1Parameter Organization (475)10.1.2Bass Synth Parameters (477)11Working with Patterns (479)11.1Pattern Basics (479)11.1.1Pattern Editor Overview (480)11.1.2Navigating the Event Area (486)11.1.3Following the Playback Position in the Pattern (488)11.1.4Jumping to Another Playback Position in the Pattern (489)11.1.5Group View and Keyboard View (491)11.1.6Adjusting the Arrange Grid and the Pattern Length (493)11.1.7Adjusting the Step Grid and the Nudge Grid (497)11.2Recording Patterns in Real Time (501)11.2.1Recording Your Patterns Live (501)11.2.2The Record Prepare Mode (504)11.2.3Using the Metronome (505)11.2.4Recording with Count-in (506)11.2.5Quantizing while Recording (508)11.3Recording Patterns with the Step Sequencer (508)11.3.1Step Mode Basics (508)11.3.2Editing Events in Step Mode (511)11.3.3Recording Modulation in Step Mode (513)11.4Editing Events (514)11.4.1Editing Events with the Mouse: an Overview (514)11.4.2Creating Events/Notes (517)11.4.3Selecting Events/Notes (518)11.4.4Editing Selected Events/Notes (526)11.4.5Deleting Events/Notes (532)11.4.6Cut, Copy, and Paste Events/Notes (535)11.4.7Quantizing Events/Notes (538)11.4.8Quantization While Playing (540)11.4.9Doubling a Pattern (541)11.4.10Adding Variation to Patterns (541)11.5Recording and Editing Modulation (546)11.5.1Which Parameters Are Modulatable? (547)11.5.2Recording Modulation (548)11.5.3Creating and Editing Modulation in the Control Lane (550)11.6Creating MIDI Tracks from Scratch in MASCHINE (555)11.7Managing Patterns (557)11.7.1The Pattern Manager and Pattern Mode (558)11.7.2Selecting Patterns and Pattern Banks (560)11.7.3Creating Patterns (563)11.7.4Deleting Patterns (565)11.7.5Creating and Deleting Pattern Banks (566)11.7.6Naming Patterns (568)11.7.7Changing the Pattern’s Color (570)11.7.8Duplicating, Copying, and Pasting Patterns (571)11.7.9Moving Patterns (574)11.7.10Adjusting Pattern Length in Fine Increments (575)11.8Importing/Exporting Audio and MIDI to/from Patterns (576)11.8.1Exporting Audio from Patterns (576)11.8.2Exporting MIDI from Patterns (577)11.8.3Importing MIDI to Patterns (580)12Audio Routing, Remote Control, and Macro Controls (589)12.1Audio Routing in MASCHINE (590)12.1.1Sending External Audio to Sounds (591)12.1.2Configuring the Main Output of Sounds and Groups (596)12.1.3Setting Up Auxiliary Outputs for Sounds and Groups (601)12.1.4Configuring the Master and Cue Outputs of MASCHINE (605)12.1.5Mono Audio Inputs (610)12.1.5.1Configuring External Inputs for Sounds in Mix View (611)12.2Using MIDI Control and Host Automation (614)12.2.1Triggering Sounds via MIDI Notes (615)12.2.2Triggering Scenes via MIDI (622)12.2.3Controlling Parameters via MIDI and Host Automation (623)12.2.4Selecting VST/AU Plug-in Presets via MIDI Program Change (631)12.2.5Sending MIDI from Sounds (632)12.3Creating Custom Sets of Parameters with the Macro Controls (636)12.3.1Macro Control Overview (637)12.3.2Assigning Macro Controls Using the Software (638)12.3.3Assigning Macro Controls Using the Controller (644)13Controlling Your Mix (646)13.1Mix View Basics (646)13.1.1Switching between Arrange View and Mix View (646)13.1.2Mix View Elements (647)13.2The Mixer (649)13.2.1Displaying Groups vs. Displaying Sounds (650)13.2.2Adjusting the Mixer Layout (652)13.2.3Selecting Channel Strips (653)13.2.4Managing Your Channels in the Mixer (654)13.2.5Adjusting Settings in the Channel Strips (656)13.2.6Using the Cue Bus (660)13.3The Plug-in Chain (662)13.4The Plug-in Strip (663)13.4.1The Plug-in Header (665)13.4.2Panels for Drumsynths and Internal Effects (667)13.4.3Panel for the Sampler (668)13.4.4Custom Panels for Native Instruments Plug-ins (671)13.4.5Undocking a Plug-in Panel (Native Instruments and External Plug-ins Only) (675)13.5Controlling Your Mix from the Controller (677)13.5.1Navigating Your Channels in Mix Mode (678)13.5.2Adjusting the Level and Pan in Mix Mode (679)13.5.3Mute and Solo in Mix Mode (680)13.5.4Plug-in Icons in Mix Mode (680)14Using Effects (681)14.1Applying Effects to a Sound, a Group or the Master (681)14.1.1Adding an Effect (681)14.1.2Other Operations on Effects (690)14.1.3Using the Side-Chain Input (692)14.2Applying Effects to External Audio (695)14.2.1Step 1: Configure MASCHINE Audio Inputs (695)14.2.2Step 2: Set up a Sound to Receive the External Input (698)14.2.3Step 3: Load an Effect to Process an Input (700)14.3Creating a Send Effect (701)14.3.1Step 1: Set Up a Sound or Group as Send Effect (702)14.3.2Step 2: Route Audio to the Send Effect (706)14.3.3 A Few Notes on Send Effects (708)14.4Creating Multi-Effects (709)15Effect Reference (712)15.1Dynamics (713)15.1.1Compressor (713)15.1.2Gate (717)15.1.3Transient Master (721)15.1.4Limiter (723)15.1.5Maximizer (727)15.2Filtering Effects (730)15.2.1EQ (730)15.2.2Filter (733)15.2.3Cabinet (737)15.3Modulation Effects (738)15.3.1Chorus (738)15.3.2Flanger (740)15.3.3FM (742)15.3.4Freq Shifter (743)15.3.5Phaser (745)15.4Spatial and Reverb Effects (747)15.4.1Ice (747)15.4.2Metaverb (749)15.4.3Reflex (750)15.4.4Reverb (Legacy) (752)15.4.5Reverb (754)15.4.5.1Reverb Room (754)15.4.5.2Reverb Hall (757)15.4.5.3Plate Reverb (760)15.5Delays (762)15.5.1Beat Delay (762)15.5.2Grain Delay (765)15.5.3Grain Stretch (767)15.5.4Resochord (769)15.6Distortion Effects (771)15.6.1Distortion (771)15.6.2Lofi (774)15.6.3Saturator (775)15.7Perform FX (779)15.7.1Filter (780)15.7.2Flanger (782)15.7.3Burst Echo (785)15.7.4Reso Echo (787)15.7.5Ring (790)15.7.6Stutter (792)15.7.7Tremolo (795)15.7.8Scratcher (798)16Working with the Arranger (801)16.1Arranger Basics (801)16.1.1Navigating Song View (804)16.1.2Following the Playback Position in Your Project (806)16.1.3Performing with Scenes and Sections using the Pads (807)16.2Using Ideas View (811)16.2.1Scene Overview (811)16.2.2Creating Scenes (813)16.2.3Assigning and Removing Patterns (813)16.2.4Selecting Scenes (817)16.2.5Deleting Scenes (818)16.2.6Creating and Deleting Scene Banks (820)16.2.7Clearing Scenes (820)16.2.8Duplicating Scenes (821)16.2.9Reordering Scenes (822)16.2.10Making Scenes Unique (824)16.2.11Appending Scenes to Arrangement (825)16.2.12Naming Scenes (826)16.2.13Changing the Color of a Scene (827)16.3Using Song View (828)16.3.1Section Management Overview (828)16.3.2Creating Sections (833)16.3.3Assigning a Scene to a Section (834)16.3.4Selecting Sections and Section Banks (835)16.3.5Reorganizing Sections (839)16.3.6Adjusting the Length of a Section (840)16.3.6.1Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Software (841)16.3.6.2Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Controller (843)16.3.7Clearing a Pattern in Song View (843)16.3.8Duplicating Sections (844)16.3.8.1Making Sections Unique (845)16.3.9Removing Sections (846)16.3.10Renaming Scenes (848)16.3.11Clearing Sections (849)16.3.12Creating and Deleting Section Banks (850)16.3.13Working with Patterns in Song view (850)16.3.13.1Creating a Pattern in Song View (850)16.3.13.2Selecting a Pattern in Song View (850)16.3.13.3Clearing a Pattern in Song View (851)16.3.13.4Renaming a Pattern in Song View (851)16.3.13.5Coloring a Pattern in Song View (851)16.3.13.6Removing a Pattern in Song View (852)16.3.13.7Duplicating a Pattern in Song View (852)16.3.14Enabling Auto Length (852)16.3.15Looping (853)16.3.15.1Setting the Loop Range in the Software (854)16.4Playing with Sections (855)16.4.1Jumping to another Playback Position in Your Project (855)16.5Triggering Sections or Scenes via MIDI (856)16.6The Arrange Grid (858)16.7Quick Grid (860)17Sampling and Sample Mapping (862)17.1Opening the Sample Editor (862)17.2Recording Audio (863)17.2.1Opening the Record Page (863)17.2.2Selecting the Source and the Recording Mode (865)17.2.3Arming, Starting, and Stopping the Recording (868)17.2.5Using the Footswitch for Recording Audio (871)17.2.6Checking Your Recordings (872)17.2.7Location and Name of Your Recorded Samples (876)17.3Editing a Sample (876)17.3.1Using the Edit Page (877)17.3.2Audio Editing Functions (882)17.4Slicing a Sample (890)17.4.1Opening the Slice Page (891)17.4.2Adjusting the Slicing Settings (893)17.4.3Live Slicing (898)17.4.3.1Live Slicing Using the Controller (898)17.4.3.2Delete All Slices (899)17.4.4Manually Adjusting Your Slices (899)17.4.5Applying the Slicing (906)17.5Mapping Samples to Zones (912)17.5.1Opening the Zone Page (912)17.5.2Zone Page Overview (913)17.5.3Selecting and Managing Zones in the Zone List (915)17.5.4Selecting and Editing Zones in the Map View (920)17.5.5Editing Zones in the Sample View (924)17.5.6Adjusting the Zone Settings (927)17.5.7Adding Samples to the Sample Map (934)18Appendix: Tips for Playing Live (937)18.1Preparations (937)18.1.1Focus on the Hardware (937)18.1.2Customize the Pads of the Hardware (937)18.1.3Check Your CPU Power Before Playing (937)18.1.4Name and Color Your Groups, Patterns, Sounds and Scenes (938)18.1.5Consider Using a Limiter on Your Master (938)18.1.6Hook Up Your Other Gear and Sync It with MIDI Clock (938)18.1.7Improvise (938)18.2Basic Techniques (938)18.2.1Use Mute and Solo (938)18.2.2Use Scene Mode and Tweak the Loop Range (939)18.2.3Create Variations of Your Drum Patterns in the Step Sequencer (939)18.2.4Use Note Repeat (939)18.2.5Set Up Your Own Multi-effect Groups and Automate Them (939)18.3Special Tricks (940)18.3.1Changing Pattern Length for Variation (940)18.3.2Using Loops to Cycle Through Samples (940)18.3.3Using Loops to Cycle Through Samples (940)18.3.4Load Long Audio Files and Play with the Start Point (940)19Troubleshooting (941)19.1Knowledge Base (941)19.2Technical Support (941)19.3Registration Support (942)19.4User Forum (942)20Glossary (943)Index (951)1Welcome to MASCHINEThank you for buying MASCHINE!MASCHINE is a groove production studio that implements the familiar working style of classi-cal groove boxes along with the advantages of a computer based system. MASCHINE is ideal for making music live, as well as in the studio. It’s the hands-on aspect of a dedicated instru-ment, the MASCHINE hardware controller, united with the advanced editing features of the MASCHINE software.Creating beats is often not very intuitive with a computer, but using the MASCHINE hardware controller to do it makes it easy and fun. You can tap in freely with the pads or use Note Re-peat to jam along. Alternatively, build your beats using the step sequencer just as in classic drum machines.Patterns can be intuitively combined and rearranged on the fly to form larger ideas. You can try out several different versions of a song without ever having to stop the music.Since you can integrate it into any sequencer that supports VST, AU, or AAX plug-ins, you can reap the benefits in almost any software setup, or use it as a stand-alone application. You can sample your own material, slice loops and rearrange them easily.However, MASCHINE is a lot more than an ordinary groovebox or sampler: it comes with an inspiring 7-gigabyte library, and a sophisticated, yet easy to use tag-based Browser to give you instant access to the sounds you are looking for.What’s more, MASCHINE provides lots of options for manipulating your sounds via internal ef-fects and other sound-shaping possibilities. You can also control external MIDI hardware and 3rd-party software with the MASCHINE hardware controller, while customizing the functions of the pads, knobs and buttons according to your needs utilizing the included Controller Editor application. We hope you enjoy this fantastic instrument as much as we do. Now let’s get go-ing!—The MASCHINE team at Native Instruments.MASCHINE Documentation1.1MASCHINE DocumentationNative Instruments provide many information sources regarding MASCHINE. The main docu-ments should be read in the following sequence:1.MASCHINE Getting Started: This document provides a practical approach to MASCHINE viaa set of tutorials covering easy and more advanced tasks in order to help you familiarizeyourself with MASCHINE.2.MASCHINE Manual (this document): The MASCHINE Manual provides you with a compre-hensive description of all MASCHINE software and hardware features.Additional documentation sources provide you with details on more specific topics:▪Controller Editor Manual: Besides using your MASCHINE hardware controller together withits dedicated MASCHINE software, you can also use it as a powerful and highly versatileMIDI controller to pilot any other MIDI-capable application or device. This is made possibleby the Controller Editor software, an application that allows you to precisely define all MIDIassignments for your MASCHINE controller. The Controller Editor was installed during theMASCHINE installation procedure. For more information on this, please refer to the Con-troller Editor Manual available as a PDF file via the Help menu of Controller Editor.▪Online Support Videos: You can find a number of support videos on The Official Native In-struments Support Channel under the following URL: https:///NIsupport-EN. We recommend that you follow along with these instructions while the respective ap-plication is running on your computer.Other Online Resources:If you are experiencing problems related to your Native Instruments product that the supplied documentation does not cover, there are several ways of getting help:▪Knowledge Base▪User Forum▪Technical Support▪Registration SupportYou will find more information on these subjects in the chapter Troubleshooting.1.2Document ConventionsThis section introduces you to the signage and text highlighting used in this manual. This man-ual uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of potential issues. The icons introducing these notes let you see what kind of information is to be expected:This document uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of poten-tial issues. The icons introducing the following notes let you see what kind of information can be expected:Furthermore, the following formatting is used:▪Text appearing in (drop-down) menus (such as Open…, Save as… etc.) in the software and paths to locations on your hard disk or other storage devices is printed in italics.▪Text appearing elsewhere (labels of buttons, controls, text next to checkboxes etc.) in the software is printed in blue. Whenever you see this formatting applied, you will find the same text appearing somewhere on the screen.▪Text appearing on the displays of the controller is printed in light grey. Whenever you see this formatting applied, you will find the same text on a controller display.▪Text appearing on labels of the hardware controller is printed in orange. Whenever you see this formatting applied, you will find the same text on the controller.▪Important names and concepts are printed in bold.▪References to keys on your computer’s keyboard you’ll find put in square brackets (e.g.,“Press [Shift] + [Enter]”).►Single instructions are introduced by this play button type arrow.→Results of actions are introduced by this smaller arrow.Naming ConventionThroughout the documentation we will refer to MASCHINE controller (or just controller) as the hardware controller and MASCHINE software as the software installed on your computer.The term “effect” will sometimes be abbreviated as “FX” when referring to elements in the MA-SCHINE software and hardware. These terms have the same meaning.Button Combinations and Shortcuts on Your ControllerMost instructions will use the “+” sign to indicate buttons (or buttons and pads) that must be pressed simultaneously, starting with the button indicated first. E.g., an instruction such as:“Press SHIFT + PLAY”means:1.Press and hold SHIFT.2.While holding SHIFT, press PLAY and release it.3.Release SHIFT.Unlabeled Buttons on the ControllerThe buttons and knobs above and below the displays on your MASCHINE controller do not have labels.。
broken翻译
broken翻译汉语翻译a. 坏掉的, 打破的, 断掉的break的过去分词【机】破碎的词型变化：名词:brokenness 副词:brokenly英语解释：动词 break:1.terminate同义词：interrupt, break2.become separated into pieces or fragments同义词：break, separate, split up, fall apart, come apart3.destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause toseparate into pieces or fragments同义词：break4.render inoperable or ineffective同义词：break5.ruin completely同义词：break, bust6.act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises同义词：transgress, offend, infract, violate, go against, breach, break7.move away or escape suddenly同义词：break, break out, break away8.scatter or part同义词：break9.force out or release suddenly and often violentlysomething pent up同义词：break, burst, erupt10.prevent completion同义词：break, break off, discontinue, stop11.enter someone's property in an unauthorized manner,usually with the intent to steal or commit a violent act 同义词：break in, break12.make submissive, obedient, or useful同义词：break in, break13.fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules orpatterns同义词：violate, go against, break14.surpass in excellence同义词：better, break15.make known to the public information that was previouslyknown only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret同义词：unwrap, disclose, let on, bring out, reveal,discover, expose, divulge, impart, break, give away, let oute into being同义词：break17.stop operating or functioning同义词：fail, go bad, give way, die, give out, conk out, go, break, break down18.interrupt a continued activity同义词：break, break away19.make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or one's own byquitting or fleeing同义词：break20.curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves同义词：break21.lessen in force or effect同义词：dampen, damp, soften, weaken, break22.be broken in同义词：breake to an end同义词：break24.vary or interrupt a uniformity or continuity同义词：break25.cause to give up a habit同义词：break26.give up同义词：breake forth or begin from a state of latency同义词：break28.happen or take place同义词：break29.cause the failure or ruin of同义词：break30.invalidate by judicial action同义词：break31.discontinue an association or relation; go different ways同义词：separate, part, split up, split, break, break up 32.assign to a lower position; reduce in rank同义词：demote, bump, relegate, break, kick downstairs 33.reduce to bankruptcy同义词：bankrupt, ruin, break, smash34.change directions suddenly同义词：break35.emerge from the surface of a body of water同义词：break36.break down, literally or metaphorically同义词：collapse, fall in, cave in, give, give way, break, founder37.do a break dance同义词：break dance, break-dance, break38.exchange for smaller units of money同义词：break39.destroy the completeness of a set of related items同义词：break, break up40.make the opening shot that scatters the balls同义词：break41.separate from a clinch, in boxing同义词：break42.go to pieces同义词：break, wear, wear out, bust, fall apart43.break a piece from a whole同义词：break, break off, snap off44.become punctured or penetrated同义词：break45.pierce or penetrate同义词：break46.be released or become known; of news同义词：break, get out, get around47.cease an action temporarily同义词：pause, intermit, break48.interrupt the flow of current in同义词：break49.undergo breaking同义词：break50.find a flaw in同义词：break51.find the solution or key to同义词：break52.change suddenly from one tone quality or register toanother同义词：break53.happen同义词：break, recrudesce, develop54.become fractured; break or crack on the surface only同义词：crack, check, break55.crack; of the male voice in puberty同义词：break56.fall sharply同义词：break57.fracture a bone of同义词：fracture, break58.diminish or discontinue abruptly同义词：break59.weaken or destroy in spirit or body同义词：break形容词 broken:1.physically and forcibly separated into pieces or crackedor split2.not continuous in space, time, or sequence or varyingabruptly3.subdued or brought low in condition or status同义词：crushed, humbled, humiliated, low4.(especially of promises or contracts) having been violatedor disregarded同义词：unkept5.tamed or trained to obey同义词：broken in6.topographically very uneven同义词：rugged7.imperfectly spoken or written8.thrown into a state of disarray or confusion同义词：confused, disordered, upset9.weakened and infirm10.destroyed financially同义词：wiped out, impoverished11.out of working order (`busted' is an informal substitutefor `broken')同义词：busted12.discontinuouscking a part or parts例句：1.I cut my hand on some broken glass.碎玻璃割伤了我的手。
我的世界满意度 指令代码
我的世界满意度指令代码常用指令召唤指令/summon给予指令/give传送指令/tp指令汇总/help的替代命令，提供命令使用帮助。
/ability赋予或剥夺玩家的能力。
/advancement添加、移除或查询玩家的进度。
/alwaysday/daylock的替代命令，锁定或解锁日夜循环。
/attribute修改或查询玩家和生物的属性。
/ban将玩家加入封禁列表。
/ban-ip将IP地址加入封禁列表。
/banlist显示封禁列表。
/bossbar修改或查询Boss栏。
/camerashake启用镜头抖动效果。
/changesetting更改一个正在运行的服务器的设置。
/clear从玩家物品栏中删除物品。
/clearspawnpoint从世界中移除出生点。
/clone将特定区域的方块复制到另一处。
/connect/wsserver的替代命令，连接至一个WebSocket服务器。
/damage对指定实体造成伤害。
/data允许玩家获取、合并或是移除实体或方块的NBT标签。
/datapack控制加载的数据包。
/daylock/alwaysday的替代命令，锁定或解锁日夜循环。
开始或结束调试会话。
/dedicatedwsserver尝试连接一个WebSocket服务器。
/defaultgamemode更改默认的游戏模式。
/deop撤销玩家的管理员权限。
/dialogue打开一个玩家的NPC对话。
/difficulty设置难度等级。
/effect添加或移除状态效果。
/enchant附魔玩家的物品。
/event用于触发一个实体的事件。
/execute更改执行环境的情况下执行另一条命令。
/experience/xp的替代命令，给予玩家经验。
在某个区域填充特定方块。
/fog用于更改玩家当前的雾设置。
/forceload强制不断加载区块。
/function运行一个函数。
/gamemode更改玩家的游戏模式。
/gamerule更改或查询游戏规则。
我的世界网易版快速寻找雪原指令代码
我的世界网易版快速寻找雪原指令代码单机指令(部分多人也适用)/gamemode 0是生存(极限)模式/gamemode 1是创造模式/gamemode 2是冒险模式(必须用特定的武器才能消除方块) /gamemode 3是生存(极限)模式/give 你的名字 137 1 能得到命令方块，在里面输死亡不掉落： /gamerule keepInventory true防爆： /gamerule mobGriefing Falseascend - 把自己提升到上一个平台bind {命令关键字} - 设置一键命令clear - 清空控制台damage - 关闭或者开启伤害即无敌descend - 把自己移动到下面一个的平台destroy [all] - 破坏当前的东西(背包)defuse [all] - 拆弹(拆除已经点燃了的TNT炸药) difficulty- 设置游戏难度dropstore - 在身边创建一个储物柜*drops - 开关物品掉落，关闭的话采矿打怪不掉东西。
dupe [all] - 复制东西duplicate [all] - 复制手上的东西并丢出来world save - 保存退出游戏explode [范围] - 设置一个地方爆炸(在自家慎用) extinguish [all] - 熄灭周围所有的火ext [all] - 一样是熄灭火falldamage - 开关高空落下伤害firedamage - 开关火的伤害fly - 飞行模式*freeze - 冻结怪物give [数量] - 给一样物品goto - 去一个地方grow [all] - 让立即小麦成长h[COMMAND]-命令列表/帮助heal- 补指定的血health- 设置生命值help [COMMAND] - 命令列表/帮助home 回到出生点i[数量]-刷东西instantmine - 开关即时采矿(采矿无延迟)item [数量] [费用] 给玩家物品, 如果不指定则是最大的数量itemname - 显示当前手上的物品名称itemstack [数量] - 给玩家指定数量的物品kill 自杀jump - 瞬移到鼠标所指的地方killnpc [all] - 杀死周围全部NPC 或者叫杀了附近所有除自己外的活体生物world exit - 不保存退出游戏*light - 把光永久性关闭listwaypoints - 列出所有路径点macro {参数} - 允许运行宏maxstack [物品ID|物品名称|全部] [数量] - 最大的把某物品堆起来*mobdamage - 怪物不会给你伤害msg - 添加一个消息到控制台music [音量] - 播放音乐noclip - 穿墙p-显示当前坐标pos 现在玩家的坐标reach- 玩家到指定地方rem- 删除指定路点removedrops [all] - 删掉地上物品*rename- 修改命令名称repair [all] - 修复当前物品耐久reset - 恢复默认设置set - 在这世界标记一个路径点setjump [JUMP|reset] - 设置跳跃的高度落地伤害和移动 1:1setspawn [] 设置当前位置 X轴 Y轴 Z轴world- 世界情报world load- 加载指定的文件world new [FILENAME] [SEED] - 在指定位置创建新地图world list - 列出所有存档/give 给予人物品id 数量 - 给予某人物品，如果不写数量则给予数量默认为64/nick ID 名称 -给某人改一个名 ID是加白名单的名字/backup -运行备份命令/fireball -发射一个火球(会破坏方块)/heal name -治疗某人/invsee name -查看某人的包裹/lingtning name -天谴(不填写名字会雷击鼠标指向的地方)/mute name -禁言某人/ping 查看延迟/seen name -查看某人最后退出的时间(上面四个命令需要对方在线，不需要对方同意)/unlimited id -给予自己无限的某物品/mmoedit name skname rank -如果安装了MCRPG插件可以用这个命令改变某人的某项技能等级/pumpkins -在自己身旁形成南瓜林(带叶子的南瓜林)/snow -在自己的身旁成为雪后的样子/thaw -融雪(和冰)/buther -杀死附近的怪物/tree 树形 -生成一棵树(树形不填也可以)树形：big - 大树 ewquoia - 红木 Tall sequoia - 高大的红木Birch - 衫树 Random - 随机/up 高度 - 将自己提升到某高度，脚下用一块可能悬空的玻璃支撑WorldEdit:手拿木斧，左键一角，右键一角，两角之间的长方体为选择区域：//set id - 将选中的区域变为某物品(如果是不可放置或者没有放置点的物品会成为被扔出的状态)//undo - 还原上一次的WorldEdit行动//redo - 还原上一次的//undo(这个说明可能有误)//move x - 将区域移动x块。
英语名词用法详解(1)
英语名词用法详解(1)一、单项选择名词1．This new phone is aimed at young people in the 18- 25 age ______ and in the eye of them, the product can ______ a message to other people that they are well-off.A．range; deliver B．dimension; convey C．range; convey D．dimension; deliver 【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词和动词辨析。
句意：这款新手机针对的是18- 25岁的年轻人，在他们眼中，这款产品可以向其他人传达一个信息，他们很富裕。
短语in ...age range“在……年龄范围内”，故第一空应用range，dimension表示“尺寸；体积”；第二空中deliver表示“交付；递送”，convey表示“传达；传输”，结合句意故选C。
2．Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest .A．distinction B．innovationC．potential D．appreciation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。
A. distinction区别； B. innovation创新； C. potential潜能； D. appreciation 欣赏。
句意：只有当妇女能够变得强大时，我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。
结合句意可知答案为C。
3． attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents.A．Drivers not paying; invitation B．Drivers’ not paying; invitation C．Drivers not paying; cause D．Drivers’ not paying; cause【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词和名词。
四川省大学英语三级考试真题
四川省大学英语三级练习一试卷一Test Paper One Part I: Listening Comprehension (15%) (20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the pause. During the pause you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example: You will bear: You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room. C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office”is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1. A) Biscuits B) Fruit. C) V egetables. D) Meat. 2. A) 13:00 B)13:10 C)12:30 D) 12:15 3. A)Boss and secretary C)Shop-assistant and customer. B) Reader and reader. D) Professor and student. 4. A) he didn’t like the opera at all. C) He often goes for the opera. B) He disagreed with the woman. D) He enjoyed the opera very much. 5. A) An aciress. B) A nurse. C) A waitress. D) A librarian 6. A) Getting a car insurance. C) Looking for cars. B) Visiting a company. D) Asking for new ideas. 7. A) She needs the man to show her the way. B) She can’t give the man any information. C) She knows where the museum is. D) She is surprised by the question. 8. A) $2.20 B) $4.00 C) $ 8.80 D) $4.40 9. A) Because she passed her physics exam. B) Because the man congratulated her. C) Because someone is happy. D) Because the man is happy. 10. A) At a railway station. C) At an airport. B) At a travel agency. D) At a hotel. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear two questions. Both he passage and the questions will be spoken twice. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage Questions 11 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) To have their hair cut anytime during the day. B) To have their hair cut during working hours. C) To have their hair cut in their own time. D) To have their hair cut once in a while. 12. A) His hair grew very fast. C) His hair grew in office hours. B)He wanted to see the barber. D) He wanted to see the manager. Section C Spot Dictation 注意：听力理解的C节（Section C）为填充式听写（Spot Dictation），题目（S1—S6）在试卷二（Test Paper Two）上。
名词(完整版)
A．power；energyB．power；strengths
A．atmosphere
B．branches
C．campus
D．strength
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日割草，但有些人却乐于坐在树枝下欣赏世界的美景。A. atmosphere气氛，氛围；B. branches树枝，纸条；C. campus校园；D. strength力气。分析句子可知，人们应该是坐在树枝下欣赏美景。故选B。
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在宋朝，人们玩一种被称为蹴鞠的游戏，它被认为是古代足球的起源。A. resource资源；B. cause原因；事业；C. origin起源；D. reason原因；足球是由古代的蹴鞠演变而来，也就是说蹴鞠是足球的起源。根据句意可知C项正确。
2．The broken window was thethat the house had been broken into.
16．Students and teachers gather together for a morning ______________ each Monday to attend the ceremony of raising the national flag.
A．inspection B．inscription
A．consensusB．consequenceC．compromiseD．competence
罗技G系列鼠标宏函数命令官方文档中文版
Logitech G-series Lua API 参考文档V8.50预览与概述目录目录 (2)OnEvent (3)GetMKeyState (5)SetMKeyState (6)Sleep (7)OutputLogMessage (8)ClearLog (9)GetRunningTime (10)GetDate (11)PressKey (12)ReleaseKey (13)PressAndReleaseKey (14)PressMouseButton (15)ReleaseMouseButton (16)PressAndReleaseMouseButton (17)IsMouseButtonPressed (18)IsModifierPressed (19)IsKeyLockOn (20)MoveMouseTo (21)MoveMouseWheel (22)MoveMouseRelative (23)MoveMouseToVirtual (24)GetMousePosition (25)OutputLCDMessage (26)ClearLCD (27)PlayMacro (28)AbortMacro (29)SetBacklightColor (30)OutputDebugMessage (31)SetMouseDPITable (32)SetMouseDPITableIndex (33)EnablePrimaryMouseButtonEvents (34)G13 可编程按键 (35)标准Lua 5.1 库 (38)附录A (39)OnEventOnEvent() 方法为脚本提供了一系列事件句柄以方便用户对触发的事件进行操作，您可以使用以下代码实现此方法。
function OnEvent(event, arg [, family])end参数列表event该字符串包含了用户所触发的事件名称。
2024北京高三二模英语汇编：阅读理解D篇及答案
2024北京高三二模英语汇编阅读理解D篇（2024北京顺义高三二模）For decades,scientists thought of the brain as the most closely guarded organ.Locked safely behind a biological barrier,away from the disorder of the rest of the body,it was broadly free of destruction of germs (病菌)and the battles started by the immune system.Then,20-odd years ago,some researchers began to ask a question:is the brain really so separate?The answer, according to a growing body of evidence,is no—and has important effects on both science and health care.The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms resident in the gut(肠道),for example,have been linked to disorders like Parkinson’s disease.Some researchers think that certain infections could provoke Alzheimer’s disease and some could lead to emotional disorder in babies.The effect is two-way.There is a lengthening list of symptoms(症状)not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system in which the brain and the neural processes that connect it to the body play a large part.For example,the development of a fever is influenced by a population of neurons(神经元)that control body temperature and appetite.The effect of brain on body is underlined by the finding that stimulating a particular brain region in mice can‘remind’the body of previous inflammation(炎症)—and reproduce them.These findings and others mark a complete shift in our view of the interconnectedness of brain and body,and could help us both understand and treat illness.If some brain conditions start outside the brain,then perhaps cures for them could also reach in from outside.Treatments that take effect through the digestive system,heart or other organs,for instance, would be much easier and less striking to give than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier,the brain’s first line of defence.In the opposite direction,the effects of our emotions or mood on our capacity to recover from illness could also be used.There is an opening work under way testing whether stimulating certain areas of the brain that respond to reward and produce feelings of positivity could enhance recovery from conditions such as heart attacks.Perhaps even more exciting is the possibility that making changes to our behaviour—to reduce stress,say—could have similar benefits.For neuroscientists,it’s time to look beyond the brain.And clinicians treating the body mustn’t assume the brain is above getting involved—its activity could be influencing a wide range of conditions,from mild infections to long-time fatness.1．The author writes paragraph1mainly to______.A．evaluate an argument B．present an assumptionC．summarize the structure D．provide the background2．What does the underlined word“provoke”mean in Paragraph3?A．Delay.B．Cure.C．Cause.D．Disturb.3．What can we learn from the passage?A．Treatments that cross brain-blood barrier are less used.B．Previous diseases could cause the production of new ones.C．Emotions could affect the capacity to fight against diseases.D．Treatment of the brain takes priority over other treatments.4．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionA．B．C．D．（2024北京丰台高三二模）A shopkeeper’s son breaks a window,causing a crowd to gather.They tell the shopkeeper not to be angry:actually,the broken window is a reason to celebrate,since it will create work for the glazier(装玻璃的工人).In the story,written by a19th-century economist,the crowd envisions the work involved in repairing the window,but not that involved in everything else on which the shopkeeper could have spent his money—unseen possibilities that would have brought him greater happiness.If that window were to be broken these days,people might have a different reaction,especially if they were NIMBYs (Not In My Back Yard)who oppose any local construction that affects their quality of life.Their concern might be with the “embodied carbon”.The production of a piece of glass would carry a sizeable carbon cost.Similarly,the bricks and concrete in a building are relics of past emissions.They are,the logic goes,embodied carbon.Conserving what already exists,rather than adding to the building stock,will avoid increasing these embodied emissions—or so NIMBYs often suggest.At its worst,this idea is based on a warped logic.Greenhouse gases released by the construction of an existing building will heat the planet whether the building is repaired or knocked down.The emissions have been taken out of the world’s“carbon budget”,so treating them as anew debit means double counting.The right question to ask is whether it is worth using the remaining carbon budget to repair a building or it is better to knock it down.Choosing between these possibilities requires thinking about the unseen.It used to be said that construction emitted two types of emissions.Besides the embodied sort,there were operational ones from cooling,heating and providing electricity to residents.Around the world,buildings account for39%of annual emissions,according to the World Green Building Council,of which28%come from operational carbon.These two types of emissions might be enough for the architects designing an individual building.But when it comes to broader questions,economists ought also to consider how the placement of buildings affects the manner in which people work,shop and travel.Density(密度)lowers the per-person cost of public transport,and this reduces car use.Research by Green Alliance,a pressure group,suggests that in Britain a policy of“demolish(拆除)and densify”—replacing semi-detached housing near public transport with blocks of flats—would save substantial emissions.Without such demolition,potential residents would have to move to the suburbs instead,saving money on rent but consuming more energy.Targeted subsidies(补贴),especially for research and development into construction materials,could speed up the pace at which the built environment decarbonises.What will never work,however,is allowing the loudest voices to decide how to use land and ignoring the carbon emissions of their would-be neighbours once they are out of sight.5．The first two paragraphs are written to________.A．exemplify an outlook on energy conservation B．present a new way of relieving energy crisisC．explain people’s reaction to a broken window D．introduce an argument on carbon emission6．What does the underlined word“warped”in Paragraph3probably mean?A．Unsound.B．Complicated.C．Distinctive.D．Underlying.7．What can be learnt from the passage?A．Operational carbon accounts for a larger share of carbon emission.B．Repairing old buildings outweighs demolition in energy conservation.C．Higher residential density near public transport may help reduce emission.D．Stopping residents from living in new buildings is sensible to energy saving.8．As for decarbonization of the built environment,which would the author agree with?A．Interests of NIMBYs are worthy of consideration.B．A comprehensive insight into emission is essential.C．Upgrading construction materials should be prioritized.D．Every resident should do their bit in reducing carbon emission.（2024北京昌平高三二模）In1992,Edward de Bono argued that“creativity is the most important human resource of all.”But might computers have the capacity to be creative?Could artificial intelligence outperform us in even the most human of phenomena?These questions have moved to the forefront of society with the launch of ChatGPT and DALL-E, two powerful deep learning models capable of creating art.Where human creativity comes from is a complex and heavily-debated topic.One theory supposes that creativity emerges from solving problems in new ways.The game designer Mark Rosewater explains that“if you use the same neural pathways,you get to the same answers,and with creativity,that’s not your goal.”But studies from the University of Virginia suggest humans most default（默认）to solving problems by building on known solutions,restricting originality. Some neuroscientists propose another theory regarding creativity.Research from the University of Calgary reveals that when being creative,humans don’t use the same brain regions associated with thought and problem-solving,implying that creativity is primarily an unconscious process.According to this theory,the brain solves problems best when not directly focusing on them using the frontal lobe（前额叶）,instead letting the other parts of the brain take over.A.I.cannot currently emulate（仿真）the full complexity of the human mind.Do these deep learning networks even have the required components that we use when we are creative?Douglas Hofstadter explains how“emergent phenomena,”such as creativity,correspond to connections between levels within mental systems.Similar connections could exist in artificial neural networks,even if the mechanics differ.For example,modern artificial intelligence employs attention circuits that may cause it to behave similarly to the frontal lobe where most of the brain’s focusing tendencies come from.The emergent nature of creativity opens the door for similar tendencies in machines,but they are tuned so carefully to copy existing ideas that it may not be enough for true originality.Mr.Rosewater’s theory on creativity suggests that for A.I. to be creative,it should be able to solve problems in new ways,which is difficult because A.I.is based so heavily on already existing ideas.Alternatively,if creativity is an unconscious process as the University of Calgary research suggests, then it occurs mostly outside the frontal lobe and may not exist in machine learning networks.Either way,current A.I. probably lacks the capacity for genuine creativity and originality,but it can combine existing ideas in interesting ways.The question of machine creativity has repercussions in many areas,such as developing copyright law regarding A.I. works,considering A.I.submissions in art contests,and determining the use of ChatGPT as a tool for school assignments. Creativity may be,at least for now,a unique human puters are not yet starting revolutionary artistic movements,but they are already combining what exists into something new,challenging us to look deeper into our own creativity.9.About the source of human creativity,research from the University of Calgary discovers that______.A.human creativity heavily relies on the existing ideasB.dealing with problems helps develop human creativityC.being creative is closely related to certain brain regionsD.human creativity is a process that happens automatically10.The author would probably agree that______.A.efforts should be put into the study of human creativityB.creativity can be attained consciously on most occasionsC.A.I.creates better than humans in some areas at presentD.humans need machines to be more creative in various areas11.What does the underlined word“repercussions”in Paragraph5probably mean?A.Influences.B.Objections.C.Doubts.D.Causes.12.Which would be the best title for the passage?puting Creativity:Is it a good thing?puting Creativity:Can it be possible?C.Human Creativity:Why does human develop it?D.Human Creativity:How can A.I.help human create?（2024北京朝阳高三二模）It is perhaps easy to accept the statement that the universe is expanding.It is just some strange physics indicating that,as time goes on,galaxies(星系)get further away from each other just like two cars racing away from each other.I personally don’t like it and prefer the balloon analogy.In this situation,there are dots all over a balloon.When we blow it up in real life,the dots would increase in size.In this analogy,let’s assume they don’t.What we are interested in is how the distance between the dots on the surface of the balloon grows as we put more air into it.The balloon analogy relies somewhat on our geometric sensibilities which refer to our sense of shapes and how they change over time.At its core,what we are trying to develop a sense for is how we measure distances.This concept is also the fundamental goal of general relativity,Einstein’s theory of gravity.In general relativity,the most important piece of information is what we call the metric,an equation that describes how distances are measured,and therefore also tells us about the shape space-time is taking.The whole idea that space-time is expanding was first noticed as a mathematical consequence of general relativity by Georges Lemaitre in1927,when he solved Einstein’s equation and found a solution for the metric showing that distances grow with time.His work provided a theoretical explanation:the standard for measuring cosmic(宇宙的)distance was itself changing with time.What is delightful is that it means we can quite reasonably say that universe’s expansion is a gravitational effect.I enjoy this because it is so deeply counterintuitive to our usual understanding of gravity,which teaches us that it is a force that always draws things together.But in this case where gravity is a geometric effect,we are offered a broader range of gravitational possibilities.It is worth noting that the geometric explanation of general relativity hasn’t been universally popular.The late physicist Steven Weinberg wrote that the geometric explanation of the theory of gravitation has been reduced to a mere analogy,but is otherwise not very useful.Another challenge with the balloon analogy and our reliance on geometric explanation is to explain why gravity seems to pull things together in many situations,while universe is expanding.This difference is resolved by acknowledging that local gravitational effects due to massive objects dominate over large-scale expansion effects,leading to the formation of structures like stars,galaxies and,eventually us.In fact,the analogy where universe is only expanding and this is the only gravitational effect at play is a very idealized situation where matter was initially spread out perfectly evenly across the universe.13.The author presents the balloon analogy in Paragraph2mainly to_________.A.introduce a topicB.draw a comparisonC.confirm a theoryD.evaluate a statement14.What does the underlined word“counterintuitive”in Paragraph5probably mean?A.Unchallenging.B.Contradictory.C.Satisfying.D.Relevant.15What can be inferred from the passage?A.Universe’s expansion results in the creation of structures like galaxies.B.Lemaitre’s work suggests the standard for cosmic distance is consistent.C.A uniform distribution of matter can overcome the universe’s expansion.D.The metric is key to sensing the shape of space-time in general relativity.16.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Studying Galaxies—Has the Balloon Analogy Been Outdated?B.Rethinking Gravity—Is it a Way to Make Sense of the Balloon Analogy?C.Arguing against the Car Analogy—Does the Balloon Analogy Win Over?D.Understanding Universe Expansion—Is the Balloon Analogy Acceptable？（2024北京东城高三二模）You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently,particularly those who gathered at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in2019for Schubert’s Unfinished Symphony,which I finished using melodies generated by an AI.As the orchestra（管弦乐团）finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written,I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear.They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music.You can see their point:an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small,but profound way,just like a human musician does.Positive and negative,people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut（首秀）.Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable,they,at least partly,did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony.Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music that the listener connects to,a perception of shared emotion.But,in the case of AI music,an emotion shared with who?AI,as of yet,has no emotions.So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer?The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning.A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds,but it’s the listener that decides what it means.No matter how it s created,music doesn’t exist in a vacuum（真空）to the listener.The meaning we assign to music depends on its context—how the piece connects to other elements in our lives.Without context,music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost.The context for a music is part of who you are.The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it.As it continues to evolve,AI music will develop its own context.Certainly,it’ll be different from human-made music.It’ll mix existing genres to create new ones;it’ll combine instruments that we wouldn’t think of combining.Its rules will be different.I’m now always asked the same“Who put the emotion in that music:you,the composer,or the AI?”But that’s not the question they really want to ask,though.There’s a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now:“Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?”In my experience,this could be possible one day.If a modestly capable music AI in2019could stir up emotions of an audience,maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than we’d like to admit.17.The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to______.A.their doubts about AI’s capabilitiesB.their uneasiness about AI’s influenceC.the orchestra’s brilliant presentation of AI musicD.the likeness between AI music and the original work18.What might the author agree with?A.AI poses little impact on people’s emotions.B.Music bears no intended emotional meaning.C.AI music will outperform human-made music.D.The context reflects people’s interpretation of music.19.What does the word“maneuvered”underlined in Paragraph6most probably mean?A.Refreshed.B.Challenged.C.Revealed.D.Directed.20.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Are Composers To Be Replaced?B.Would AI Music Be a Rising Trend?C.Could AI Make Music That Moves You?D.Was the Unfinished Symphony Successful?（2024北京海淀高三二模）We are a social animal.Indeed,it is our sociality—such as the ability to make sense of each other,to communicate,to work cooperatively and,finally,to create culture—that marks us off from other animal species.But then why are we everywhere striving to increase our isolation and limit our contact with others?As musician David Byrne argues in an essay published last month,it is a striking fact about the new technologies that have so come to shape our lives,that they have precisely this effect:they limit our need for human contact.Online shopping?Check. Automated checkout?Check.Ride hail apps?Check.Efficiency is the key.We purchase efficiency by limiting the human aspect,known as“autonomous operation”.This is perhaps even more pronounced with new technologies on the horizon. Take the MOOC,the teacher-less virtual classroom.As Byrne notes,this is meant to deliver the values of a learning environment without,well,without the environment—you get to stay at home—no teacher,but also,no fellow students.Byrne isn’t claiming we are consciously choosing to isolate ourselves.We shop online because it is convenient.The absence of contact with others is a side-effect.Maybe even an unavoidable one,as one of the things that makes online shopping so easy is precisely the absence of contact with other people.But Bryne’s thought is that whatever our intention,the tendency of our tech to isolate us may be a feature,not a bug. His hypothesis is that we actually,at some level,crave(渴望)the increased isolation and we are actually making technologies to satisfy impulses that,in some way,go beyond—or against—our social nature.But I wonder,is this really new?Even if we are social by nature,and do everything we can to embed ourselves socially,the need to find ways to be alone is,well,nothing new.It’s also striking that the very activities that risk separating us—in the old days,books, newspapers,TV;nowadays,the latest apps—also connect us.We read about each other.What we read gives us information to share with each other.I am well aware of the data that shows the more time you spend on social media,the sadder and more isolated and envious you feel of others.But how novel is the isolating effect of social media?Being there reminds me a lot of what it was like to be social in high school—you have a vivid sense of your status and your standing in relation to others,and you have to deal with that.This may be isolating,sure.But it’s the isolating face of the social lives we’ve always had.It is isolating because of the ways technology brings us into real contact with others,not because it removes that contact.I wonder whether more isolation is a real option,after all.21.Which of the following best reflects“autonomous operation”?A.Getting a toothbrush via a hotel delivery robot.B.Teaching mom how to establish a smart home.C.Seeking help by calling human customer services.D.Having an online meeting at home with colleagues.22.Which of the following might the author agree?A.Technology offers fresh insights into our social status.B.Actions seemingly isolating can bond people.C.Social platforms help bring people closer.D.Social media has come to define our life.23.What would be the best title for the passage?A.What Technologies Do to Human NatureB.Do Technologies Shape Our Lives?C.How Isolation Changes with ConnectionD.Can We Erase Human Element?（2024北京西城高三二模）Can you imagine getting a major dental procedure without novocaine(一种麻醉药)?A scientist colleague of mine recently told me,rather than use it,he used a“focus in”meditation(冥想)technique to direct all of his attention to his mouth with as much calming equanimity as he could gather.Doing so transformed the pain for a few minutes.A stream of scientific articles suggests that there are benefits in turning toward discomfort or negative emotions with acceptance.In addition,all of us can gain from finding ways to cope with stress and suffering—particularly when larger circumstances are beyond our control.As a researcher who has studied meditation for more than20years,I believe that the cultivation of equanimity can help.It’s important to first define the idea of turning toward discomfort.I’m not advocating for people to put themselves in dangerous positions.But when we push ourselves into challenging or embarrassing situations,much like trainers who push athletes just past their comfort zone to make gains,learning often happens.My own research indicates that meditation provides an ideal way to practice turning toward discomfort—particularly when it trains up one’s equanimity.In my laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University,we conducted several clinical trials on developing equanimity during mindfulness meditation training.This approach includes guided meditation exercises such as using a matter-of-fact voice to label uncomfortable feelings in the body or welcoming uncomfortable feelings by saying “yes”aloud each time a feeling is detected.We hired153stressed adults and offered them a mindfulness meditation training program with or without training in equanimity.Our equanimity skills training group had significantly better outcomes on several measures.After just14days of training,for example,the participants who learned equanimity skills had significantly lower biological stress responses when asked to deliver a difficult speech and solve math problems in front of experts in white lab coats.This group also had significantly lower blood pressure and stress levels.In the days after training,people introduced to equanimity exercises also reported significantly higher positive emotions and well-being throughout the day and more meaningful social interactions than participants who received mindfulness training without the equanimity component.It was as though developing equanimity had their emotional reactivity to stress,helping them better appreciate and enjoy daily life’s many little positive and making them more curious and open to connecting with others.We are expanding on this work in several ways—including through the development of an app that offers equanimity training on demand and with trials involving participants with stress-related gastrointestinal(胃肠的)disorders.Meanwhile other scientists are further exploring equanimity’s power.We are convinced we can each build our resilience(恢复力)on a personal level by cultivating greater acceptance of our experience—good or bad,painful or pleasant—in the present moment.24.What can be learned about equanimity?A.It is a state of mental calmness.B.It is a form of negative emotions.C.It is a replacement for novocaine.D.It is the result of mindfulness meditation.25.Which of the following is a good example of equanimity training?A.Ignoring discomfort totally.B.Detecting unusual behavior.C.Keeping emotions to oneself.D.Seeing negative feelings objectively.26.Paragraph5is written to show______.A.the benefits of developing equanimityB.the procedure of mindfulness meditationC.the performances of two meditation training groupsD.the relationship between equanimity and well-being27.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Stress contributes to physical disorders.B.Pleasant experiences result in greater equanimity.C.People are likely to have easy access to equanimity training.D.Resilience can help people gain more acceptance of hardship.参考答案1．D2．C3．C4．A【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了大脑并不是独立存在的，它对科学和医疗保健都有重要影响。
介绍四个经济学效应(英文)
1 、Introduce some effect about economicGood afternoon, everyone ! We are group 5. In my presentation today We are going to talk about some effect about economic. We’ll be looking at 4 special and interesting effect to show in 8 minutes and We’ve divided our talk into 5 parts.Firstly, MeiMei will talk about The Butterfly Effect.What’s more, Caizhu will talk about The hedgehog effect.Furthermore, I will talk about The herd effectFinally, Guolin will talk about The Broken windows effect.Then, we will make a conclusion.Please interrupt is allow if you have any questions or if something is not clear or we’ll take ques tions and be happy to discuss our topic at the end of our presentation. Now, let’s start our first part. Let’s welcome Meimei to have a speech for you!2、The Butterfly EffectToday I would like to introduce an economic effect is the butterfly effect. I’ve divided my talk into four parts：definition，origin, application and conclusion.Firstly, I am going to talk about the definition of butterfly effect. As the saying goes, detail is everything. In our daily life, often there is such a case, a small thing can change the whole situation and the impact is enormous. What this case is it? We call it the butterfly effect. So, what is the butterfly effect? The butterfly effect refers to a dynamic system, small changes in initial conditions can bring huge long-term ripple effect throughout the system.Now, turning to origin. The word butterfly effect is of concern to the world through one scientific paper of the American meteorologist Edward. He proposed "a butterfly flapping its wings gently in the tropical, can give a hurricane to a distant country caused.”It is interesting to notice that the butterfly effect is also widely used in economics, economists widely apply it to explain the complex interplay of global market. For example, in 1997, the devaluation of the Thai baht caused a financial crisis across Asia; in 2007, began in America's subprime mortgage crisis led to a global financial.So, as we’ve seen in this presentation today, don’t look down on the importance of any one little, like butterfly wings quietly, can affect the entire world.That‘s all of my first part. Let’s welcome Caizhu to introduce the second part——the hedgehog effect for you.3、The hedgehog effectNext I’ll focus on the Hedgehog Effect , which includes two parts .Firstly, I would like to talk about what the Hedgehog Effect is .After that I’ll go on with the application of the Hedgehog Effect in real life .The Hedgehog Effect comes from a western fable ['febl].It is about two hedgehogs who wanted to keep each other warm in the cold winter .However ,at the beginning, the distance between them was so close that their thorns [θɔ:nz] stabbed [stæb] each other to bloodshed. Later ,they adjusted the position to keep the properdistance between each other .In this way ,not only did they keep themselves warm ,but also they protected themselves from being stabbed .In educational psychology, the Hedgehog Effect refers to the phenomenon that teachers keep a proper distance between them and their students to obtain a good teaching result.Now I'll talk about something about the application of the Hedgehog Effect in our real life.What the Hedgehog Effect emphasizes is The psychological distance effect in communication .As we all know ,if a leader wants to finish his work effectively ,he should keep an appropriate cooperation with his employees ,which will be beneficial to managing his company and collecting public opinions.Charles de Gaulle, the president of France , who is good at applying the Hedgehog Effect in the real life ,managed to keep an appropriate cooperation with his advisers and consultants. During his tenure , nobody's working years was more than two years. In his view, the mobilization of the work was normal , and it was abnormal to fix the work.Therefore, we can make a conclusion that a man who knows how to keep an appropriate distance between people and people are more likely to succeed and accomplish the work more effectivelyIn order to introduce more effect for you, let’s welcome Yonghong to have a speech for you in the third part.4、The herd effectAfter listening two effects, I know you would like to know more about other economic effect, now, I will introduce the herd effect for you.My speaking will be divided into three parts, including the definition, application and analysis about the herd effect.Now I will begin by an experiment. Someone put a wood stick before a flock of sheep. The first sheep jumped over the wood stick. And then the second one and the third jumped the stick, too. At that time, someone put the stick away, but the following sheep still jump over that place where the stick placed before, although the stick was taken away.The experiment showed an interesting econom ic effect which was named “the herd effect”. Let me move on to the definition about the “the herd effect”. People who live in the society easily follow others opinions, and then , they usually deny their ideas. What’s more, they will not think about the me anings what they do objectively. This is “the herd effect”.As many of you know that the herd effect can be seen in many situations. So my next point is the application of “the herd effect”. Firstly, in our daily life, when we heard the compliment of something making by others. We will do it as follow. For example, Many people think that civil servant is a stable job, so many university students go to have an exam for it.What’s more, the herd effect is a common sight in the economic. For example, the group-buying mechanisms increases the number of purchasers. Moreover, in thecapital market, such as stock market, because of many factors such as Information Asymmetry and investment game, single investor will follow other investors to buy into or go out from the stock. So the stock always rises or falls down in a short time.Of course, what I said just a small part of the herd effect ,if you are interested in the herd effect, you can find more information about it. Thank you ! let’s welcome Guolin to introduce that last effect for you !5、The Broken windows effectGood morning everybody. In my presentation today, I’m going to talk abut the broke windows theory. My presentation will be in three main parts, including the definition, application and analysis about the broken window theory.What is broken window theory ?Let’s start with the definition. I’ll begin by telling you a background story. One day, a boy broke uncle Smith’s window carelessly. And then Smith spent 6 dollars buying a new window, which contributed to the glassman’s revenue. Afterwards, it cost the glassman 6 dollars for buying some bread. Then, these money belonged to the baker. The cycle continued, many people benefited from it .Simply speaking, the broken window theory means that destruction brings benefits and boosts the economy.What do you think of this idea?In reality, this theory applies in many areas, especially in natural disaster. Some economists claim that Wen Chuan earthquake really boosted our demand, which contribute to a big amount GDP. What’s more, some policies in our CHINA are also based on this theory. For example,some people tore does n’t the house and then rebuilt it in order to create more GDP.What’s your opinion?Now, let us analyze together.The minute the window was broken, the minute the window was as a loss. That is to say, people lost their fortune rather than have benefits. Ridiculously, many people merely pursue for GDP at any costs. What’s more ,Regarding the earthquake as a promoting agent for economy is wrong too. As you know, earthquake id s big disaster to us .Not only did the country lose great wealth, but also it damaged victims’ health, both mentally and physically. These loses is far more than the growth of GDP.So, to sum up, GDP isn’t equivalent to the development of economy and the broken window theory is not good for economy.Here are some website about this theory. If you are interested in it, you can have access to the relevant information at any time. That’s all.Thank you for your attention!6、ConclusionSo, as we’ve seen in this presentation today, we have introduced a lot of effect for you. You will find that the economic effect can be seen in many situation no only in the economic but also in our daily life. My suggestion would be to encourage you to find more economic effect in our daily life so that we can learn them morethoroughly. That is all of our presentation, thank you!。
22春“英语”专业《英语语音》离线作业-满分答案3
22春“英语”专业《英语语音》离线作业-满分答案1. English_________in America.A. is speakingB. is spokenC. are spokenEnglish_________in America.A. is speakingB. is spokenC. are spoken参考答案：B2. Murder is undoubtedly a(n) ______ behavior. (legal)Murder is undoubtedly a(n) ______ behavior. (legal)illegal3. The silk feels _____.A.softB.softlyC.softnessD.softy参考答案：A4. A．senseB．dirtC．moneyD．musicA．senseB．dirtC．moneyD．music正确答案：A解析：你认为哪些人的话更有道理?5. He watched it ______ a few minutes ______ great interest. A．at; in B．for; with C．during;He watched it ______ a few minutes ______ great interest.A．at; in B．for; with C．during; for D．for; atB6. Validity of Agreement This Agreement, when duly signed by the parties concerned, shall remain in foValidity of AgreementThis Agreement, when duly signed by the parties concerned, shall remain in force for…to be effective as from…to…．If a renewal of this Agreement is desired, notice in writing should be given by either party one month prior to its expiry． Should one of the parties fail to comply with the terms and conditions ofthis Agreement, the other party is entitled to terminate this Agreement．协议有效期：本协议经有关双方签字后保持有效……年，从某日期起到某日期止。
英雄无敌5东方部落秘籍
进入游戏，并且开始一种游戏在进行游戏的画面中你按上排数字1的左边“`”,(也就是符号“~”)这是呼出后台管理的。
下一步，你在里面输入“enable_cheats”按回车。
会出来黄色字，这表示你开启了作弊了。
之后你就可以输入外挂，比如每-项资源100，金币10W 输入“add_money”按回车。
如果不行你可以从输入“enable_cheats”开始再试一次。
编辑本段激活作弊当你做完了以上的改动，你可以在游戏时按X 调出命令台，输入enable_cheats激活作弊模式然后输入作弊码@OpenCircleFog(0, 0, 0, 9999, PLAYER_1) 开启全图黑雾add_all_spells 当前选定英雄学会所有魔法add_gold # 加金币,但其他资源清零......................“#”填入金币数add_money # 加#所有资源，#*1000的金币...........“#”填入资源数clear_money 所有资源清0set_hero_luck_morale X Y 设定当前英雄运气,士气.......................例如：set_hero_luck_morale 5 3.“X，Y”分别为运气,士气值add_exp # 为当前选定英雄加经验......................“#”填入经验值add_army X Y [n] 增加兵种(X代表种族,1圣堂,2森林,3学院,4地牢,5墓园,6地狱,7堡垒,8据点,其它数字为中立)(Y代表升级状况,0原始,1升级1形态,2升级2形态,如果是要中立兵种则只能是0,如果打1,2的话兵全部消失)(n可为任意数字或字母,"["前不按空格每种兵给100,按了空格每种兵给1个)(输入“add_army 任意数字”，可以显示详细列表)show_player_money # 察看其他玩家资源.............................例如：show_player_money 2."#"为玩家名show_hero_mp 显示当前选定英雄地图上移动到目标所需的步数@Win() 直接胜利@Loose() 直接失败@ClearFog () 清除战争迷雾@Dragons () 给你所有英雄1000黑龙给某个玩家增加资源。
破窗效应 芝诺圆圈
破窗效应芝诺圆圈The broken window effect, also known as the "Chinatown Circle," is a concept that highlights the impact of visible signs of disorder on community behavior. It suggests that if a broken window in a building is left unrepaired, it can signal to others that no one cares about the area, leading to more vandalism and crime. This theory was first introduced by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in 1982.The broken window effect can be explained by the idea that small signs of disorder, such as broken windows or graffiti, create an environment that encourages further misconduct. When people see a broken window, they may interpret it as a signal that no one is in charge or that the area is neglected. This perception can lead to a decrease in social control and an increase in antisocial behavior.For example, imagine a neighborhood with a brokenwindow in one of the houses. Passersby may see this broken window and assume that the residents do not care abouttheir property or the overall appearance of the neighborhood. This perception can influence their behavior, as they may feel less inclined to follow social norms and may engage in acts of vandalism or other forms of disorder. Over time, this can create a cycle of deterioration, as more broken windows and signs of disorder accumulate.The broken window effect can also be applied to other aspects of community life. For instance, if a park is littered with trash and has broken benches, people may perceive it as an unsafe and undesirable place. This perception can discourage community members from using the park, leading to a decrease in social interaction and a loss of community cohesion.In order to prevent the broken window effect, it is important for communities to address signs of disorder promptly. This can be done through proactive maintenance and repair, as well as community engagement and participation. By taking care of small issues, such asfixing broken windows or cleaning up graffiti, communities can send a message that they value their surroundings and are committed to maintaining a safe and orderly environment.In conclusion, the broken window effect, or the Chinatown Circle, emphasizes the impact of visible signs of disorder on community behavior. Small signs of neglect,such as broken windows or graffiti, can create an environment that encourages further misconduct. By addressing these signs of disorder promptly, communitiescan prevent the spread of antisocial behavior and maintaina safe and cohesive environment.中文回答，破窗效应，也被称为“芝诺圆圈”，是一个强调可见的无序迹象对社区行为的影响的概念。
创艺修仙联动版异火代码
创艺修仙联动版异火代码alwaysday：锁定和解锁昼夜更替。
true开启，false关闭。
antioch：准心处放置TNT。
backup：备份服务器。
baltop：查看财富排行榜。
ban：封禁。
banip：封禁ip地址。
butcher：杀死附近的全部怪物burn：给玩家着火。
camerashake：以指定的强度和持续时间对玩家摄像机应用摇晃效果。
add添加，stop停止。
clear：清除玩家物品栏中的物品。
clearspawnpoint：移除玩家的生成点。
clone：将一个地区的方块克隆到另一个地区。
~后面跟区域坐标。
compass：显示目前的方位daylock：锁定和解锁昼夜更替。
true开启，false关闭。
deop：撤销一名玩家的操作员状态。
delhome：删除家。
deljail：立即把玩家从监狱中释放。
depth：显示目前高度。
difficulty：设置难度等级。
easy简单，hard困难，normal普通，peaceful和平。
effect：添加或删除状态效果。
enableedunpc：是否允许在地图内生成NPC。
true开启，false关闭。
enchant：对玩家选定的物品增加一项附魔。
essentials：显示插件版本reload重读，debug测试。
etworth: 设定物品价格event：触发指定对象的事件。
entity实体。
execute：代表一个或多个实体执行命令。
ext：给玩家灭火。
heal：恢复玩家的生命。
fill：用特定方块填充全部或部分地区。
~范围坐标。
fireball：OP口吐地狱火fly：飞行fog：添加或移除迷雾设置文件。
forestgen：在自己身旁形成森林。
function：运行在相应的功能文件中找到的命令。
itemdb：查询手中物品的名称gc：查看服务器信息gamemode：设置一名玩家的游戏模式。
adventure冒险，creative创造，default默认，survival生存，spectator旁观。
英语名词用法详解
英语名词用法详解一、单项选择名词1．—It is reported that Fan Bingbing broke the law of tax.—Well, the ________ for her is so heavy that it is a warning to high-incomers.A．reward B．fare C．fine D．charge【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：——据报道，范冰冰触犯了税法。
——嗯，对她的罚款很重，这对高收入的人来说是个警告。
A. reward报酬；B. fare公共交通费；C. fine罚款；D. charge费用。
上一句说范冰冰触犯了税法，因此此处是说对她的处罚（罚款），故C项正确。
2．事故现场Scenery:指某地总的自然景色或风景全貌。
Sight:既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，多指人工的事物，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数。
View:1.常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换。
2.视野=sight3.观点跟opinion同义。
根据本句句意可知，D选项正确。
3．The girl received no approval of his family as her marriage with an African boy was regarded as a ____ from tradition.A．violation B．departureC．withdrawal D．separation【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词的词义辨析。
A. violation违反，妨碍；B. departure离开，出发；C. withdrawal撤退，收回；D. separation分离，分开。
句意：这个女孩没有得到家人的认可因为她与非洲人的婚姻被认为是背离传统的。
结合句意可知答案为B。
26个常见心理学效应（26commonpsychologicaleffects）
26个常见心理学效应（26 common psychological effects）1, broken window effect"The United States Stanford University Jabaron conducted a test, he found two cars to the car as like as two peas, a parrot placed in Artaud's middle-class community, while another car parked in the relatively messy Bronx block. Parked in Bronx, he took off the license plate and opened the ceiling. As a result, the car was stolen within a day, and the one in Palo Arto for a week was left alone. Later, Zhan Ba fights with a hammer the car knocked a big hole. And the result? It was only a few hours before it was gone.2, the "Diderot effect", also known as the "matching effect"In eighteenth Century, France had a philosopher named Dennis Diderot. One day, a friend sent him a fine in texture, exquisite workmanship, elegant design wine red robe. Diderot very love, but he wore luxurious robe for me at home, always feel the color of furniture is wrong, the carpet also has a terrible pin. So in order to and matching robe, the old stuff has updated, the study finally caught up with the robe of the grade, he can still feel very uncomfortable, because he was a nightgown stress ", then put this feeling into an article" and the old robe parting trouble ". Two hundred years later, Juliet Schroer, an economist at the Harvard University, called this phenomenon the "Diderot effect" in the book "over consuming Americans", also known as the "matching effect"".3 Butterfly EffectWhat is the butterfly effect? In December 1979, Lorenz said in a speech at the American Association for the advancement of Science in Washington that a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil and might cause a tornado in Texas, the United states. His speech and conclusion left a deep impression on the people. Since then, the so-called "Butterfly Effect" that fame was spread like wildfire.4. Catfish effect"The Norwegians eat sardines, but when the fishermen fishing to fishing sardine, found that most of the sardine is dead, dead fish do not sell on price, how to do? The fishermen came up with a clever way, that is the natural predator of the sardines catfish and sardines together. When the fishermen fishing, always first prepare a few active catfish, once captured sardines into the tank, the catfish also put into the water tank, because of its vitality and catfish swimming around, occasionally hunt sardines, sardines, was found dissidents and natural tension, run, the whole fish tank disturbed floating up and down, also make the water fluctuates constantly, thus oxygen is abundant, so that can guarantee the land into fishing sardine alive and kicking. This phenomenon is known as the catfish effect". "5, Matthew effect (Matthew Effect)In the twenty-fifth chapter of the gospel of Matthew in the Bible, there is such a saying: "if there is anything, add it to him, make him superfluous; he who does not have, even what he has will be taken away.". In 1968, U.S. researchers RobertMorton (Robert K. Merton) proposed the term to summarize a social psychological phenomenon: "research relative to those not well-known, famous scientists usually get more prestige even if their achievements are similar, similarly, in the same project, reputation is usually given to those who are already famous research results, research results, more people are often more aka, more people more famous achievements, finally produced the academic authority.." The term for economics borrowed, reflecting the poor poorer, the rich richer, the economic phenomenon of winner take all. Matthew Effect (Matthew effect), that is, in society, especially in the economic sphere, there is a widespread phenomenon: the strong Heng Qiang, the weak weak, or the winner takes all. In 1968, Robert Morton (Robert K. Merton), a researcher in the history of American science, used the Matthew effect to describe this social psychological phenomenon for the first time.6 frog phenomenonPut a frog into a hot pot directly, because it is very sensitive to the adverse environment, it will quickly jump out of the pot. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not immediately jumped out of the pot, water temperature gradually increased in the end is the frog was boiled to death, because of the high temperature to the frog is unbearable, it was too late, or can not jump out of the pot.7, crocodile lawThe original idea is to assume that a crocodile is biting your feet. If you try to break free of your hands with your hands,the crocodile will bite your feet and hands at the same time. The more you struggle, the more you bite. So, in case the alligator bites you, the only way you can do it is to sacrifice one foot. For example, in the stock market, the law of the crocodile is: when you find that your trading deviates from the direction of the market, you must stop immediately, there must be no delay, you can not have any luck.8, herd effectSheep go back, the sheep will follow where to go. Herding is the first investment in shares of a term, mainly refers to the investor's learning and imitation phenomenon in the transaction process, "suit", blindly follow others, leading them to buy and sell the same stock in a certain period of time.9, hedgehog lawTwo sleepy hedgehogs gathered together because of the cold. But because they had thorns, so they left a distance, but they were too cold to bear, so they came together. After several agonizing attempts, the two hedgehogs finally found the right distance: they could get each other's warmth without getting caught. The hedgehog rule mainly refers to the psychological distance effect in interpersonal communication".10. Law of watchesThe law of watches refers to the fact that when a person has a watch, he knows what time it is, and when he has two at the same time, he can not be sure. Two tables do not tell a personmore accurate time, but will make watch people lose confidence in accurate time. Watch law gives us a very intuitive inspiration in the aspect of enterprise management, is not the same person or the same organization at the same time using two different methods, can also set two different objectives, and even every man cannot by two people at the same time command, otherwise it will make a loss this enterprise or individual.11 and 28 law (Pareto's law)In the late twentieth Century and early nineteenth Century, Baledo, an economist in Italy, thought that in any group of things, the most important only accounted for a small part, about 20%, while the other 80%, though the majority, were secondary. About 80% of society's wealth is concentrated in the hands of 20% people, while 80% of people only have 20% of the social wealth. This statistical imbalance exists everywhere in society, economy and life, and this is the 28 law.12, barrel theory (also known as short board effect)If the wooden board is not uniform, the amount of water in the cask does not depend on the longest piece of wood, but on the shortest piece of wood.13, threshold effectPsychologist Friedman (J.L.Freedman) and Ferreze (S.C.Fraser) a study shows that allowing people to accept smaller requirements, to make them gradually accept larger requirements, which is the "threshold effect."". PsychologistR.B.Cialdini also found that when people refused to accept a larger requirement, cognitive incongruity drove them to create a new balance and thus accepted a smaller requirement. It is easier to accept this little request when small requests are clearly linked to big demands and are followed by big demands.14, hurlocks effectPsychologist Glock (E.B.Hunlock) had an experiment, he divided the subjects into four groups, four different incentives in the completion of the task. The first group is the praise group,Every time after work to be commended and encouraged; the second group training group, after every working group was severely reprimanded; third neglected group, not only for the evaluation of other two groups by listening to praise and criticism; the fourth group as the control group, and let them in three groups before isolation, without any evaluation. Results the work scores of the first three groups were better than the control group, and the praised group and the trained rejection group were better than the neglect group, while the scores of the praise group were rising. The experiment shows that the timely evaluation of the work results can strengthen the motivation and promote the work. The effect of proper praise is better than criticism, and the effect of criticism is better than that of none.15, southerly effectLa Fontaine, a French writer, wrote a fable about the north wind and the south wind than might. That is to see who uses the methodto make pedestrians take off their coats. The north wind without thinking first came to a cold, bitter cold. So, in order to resist the pedestrian, put a coat wrapped up, and no meaning. The south wind is not so. It moves slowly and warms people. Unconsciously, the man undid his button and then took off his coat. The south wind won.16, Hobson choice effectIn 1631, British businessman Hobson horse, the horse put out for the customers to choose from, but there is a condition that can only choose the horse most close to the door. Obviously, plus this condition is virtually no choice. The choice of "no choice" was later ridiculed as "Hobson's choice effect"". Social psychologists point out that it is impossible for creative learning, life and work if someone falls into the dilemma of the Hobson choice effect.17, Hawthorne effectThe Hawthorne plant on the outskirts of Chicago is a factory that makes telephone switches. It has better entertainment facilities, medical system and pension system, but the mood of workers is still resentful and the production situation is very unsatisfactory. To solve the problem, the factory has been trying hard to find out why. In November 1924, the national researchers organized a team of psychologists and other experts to conduct a series of research trials at the plant. The central task of this series of experiments is the relationship between production efficiency and working material conditions. There is a "talk experiment" in this series of experiments, with morethan two years, by the experts to find workers individual talk of more than 20000 times. Stipulated in the conversation process, must patiently listen to the worker to the factory each kind of opinion, and makes the detailed record; to the worker's disaffection, all is not allowed to refute and rebuke. The talk experiment has had an unexpected effect: the output of Hawthorne's factory has increased substantially. Why? This is because the workers have long been dissatisfied with the various management systems and methods of the factory and have never been able to vent their views. The "talk experiment" has given them a sense of relief and a drive to boost their discontent. Social psychologists call this wonderful phenomenon the Hawthorne effect".18, the psychological effect of gossip"The Warring States, Qin policy two" records: "one fee Hu and namesake had accused of murder, Zeng Zi said:" mother had participated in the murder "was of slight muyue:" my son not to kill. " Hard fabric. One moment, you Yue: "Zeng Shen has killed a person.." The mother is still herself. Ares, who also told said: "Zeng Shen has killed a person.." The mother of fear, cast over the wall and go shuttle."General ginseng is a famous ancient Chinese sage, he attaches great importance to moral cultivation, to reflect on their own again and again every day. The mother know very much about him, that his son will not dry out the murder, but can not afford to take "all in one story again and again, then again also Zeng Shen has killed a person." sit down, weaving shuttle over the wall to escape. In a word the terrible rumors Zeng Shen haskilled a person. yu.The rumor spread into a tattle and prate often. Some people deliberately invent rumors for some purpose, and they can become a spiritual contagion when they are transmitted",A mass ten, ten hundred, if someone from waves, it will affect more people.A saying by a Western aspirant called "a lie repeated one thousand times will become truth", which is the usual practice of all liars. By extension, "* * *" like cult leader is such a ridiculous idea to all believers, let them pay homage to sacrifice.There is also a more absurd delusion of transmission in psychiatry, called inductive psychosis". In a close group, an influential member of mental illness is delusional, the delusional ideas came to normal people around, so everyone on his reality distortion even followed him with ideas for gospel truth, "". Such cases are very common in psychiatry. A housewife, suspected neighbor in her food poisoning, after her husband and children a total of eight people have appeared poisoning symptoms, and insist the neighbors to resort to legal poison. After investigation, the housewife is suffering from paranoid psychosis, her "delusion of poisoning" infects the whole family. Delusion is a perverse and illogical idea. According to common sense, the family should be able to identify but be infected by people who are close to themselves. That is the great role of telepathy. Some cult leader put their delusion to believers, when a large number of believers can see "flying angels", "MaryEmmanuel", "Buddha dharmakaya"...... The psychological effect of gossip is big, can not be underestimated, therefore, to the days of rumors, should think seriously, can not believe, not SUIDA Liu, with people, communication.19, conformity effectA joke said: "wandering the streets every day, and suddenly see a long line of stretching, and quickly stand in line after the team, for fear of missing what the opportunity to buy scarce necessities.". Wait until the team turned the corner, we found that the original is the line up on the toilet, not only can't help laughing. This is a joke from the crowd. Conformity refers to the change in the direction of a person's idea and behavior, as a result of group guidance or pressure. In popular terms, conformity is "following the crowd"". It can be expressed as the adoption of dominant behavior in a temporary and specific situation, or a long-term acceptance of dominant ideas and behavior20, opposite sex effectPsychologists have in a test found that men in men and women at the same table meal than men eating a lot of civilization, this is because most people in front of the opposite sex pay more attention to their words and deeds.21, expectation effect (Piga Marley Weng effect, Rosenthal effect)Piga Marion was a well carved king of ancient Cyprus, whobrought all his enthusiasm and hope into his carved young statue and later made the statue live. Psychologist Rosenthal (R. Rosenthal) and Jacobsen L. F. Jacobson) called "Marley Dion beeger".Rosenthal and his colleagues asked the teachers to take an intelligence test on the pupils they taught. They tell the teachers, some students in the class are late bloomers (lateblooming), and the names of students to read for the teacher. Rosenthal believes that these students' academic performance is expected to be improved. Since Rosenthal announced late bloomer list, Rosenthal had no contact with the students, teachers also no mention of the matter. In fact all of a person's list is randomly selected from a class of students in their class, and other students are not significantly different. But at the end of the semester, the students were given an intelligence test again, and their performance was significantly better than the first one. This ending is what caused it? Rosenthal believes that this may be because the teachers think that these late for a student, began to emerge, give special care and care, so that their performance can be improved.Piga Marley Weng effect and Rosenthal effect all reflect the function of expectation, so they are also called expectancy effect22 halo effectAlso known as the halo effect, which in interpersonal communication, it is often a feature from each other has thegeneralization to other related a series of characteristics, from the local information to form a complete impression, that is according to the amount ofThe situation draws a full conclusion to others. The so-called "beauty in the eyes of the beholder" is the halo effect.Halo effect is actually the result of generalization and expansion of individual subjective inference. In a halo effect, a person's merits or faults once turned into aperture are expanded, and their merits or demerits are retreated to the back of the light, which is ignored by others.23, projective effectIn interpersonal relationships, a cognitive person makes an impression of others by assuming that he or she has the same tendency to project his characteristics onto others. Theso-called "to the hearts of small people, the degree of gentleman's belly", reflecting this projection is a side effect.24, primacy effectA person's first impression often has the following psychological function: premise, function (first impressions); generalization function (spread to other people or other aspects). Falling in love at first sight is the first cause effect. In large-scale concerts, singers often compete for the first appearance, because of the first effect.25, stereotype effectMental set, also called the heart, mainly refers to the impact of past experience, psychology in a ready state, thus with a certain tendency, focus and tendency in terms of the way of getting along with people. Psychological set has positive and negative, positive and negative points. Stereotype effects can help us understand people in a general way, but tend to produce cognitive biases.26, marginal effectThe marginal effect is the concept of economics, the meaning is the same thing with the value of it is proportional to the need to meet, why this is touched is more exciting than on timely assistance.。
实用文库汇编之辐射4作弊码 代码
*作者：梁上飞*作品编号：91265005448GK 0253678创作日期：2020年12月20日实用文库汇编之控制台指令大全：示范:player.additem F 255增加255的瓶盖,"F"这段就是物品代码，空格不能少，255是数量老样子“~”键启动控制台，输入指令，回车确认。
指令基本和B社一贯的一样。
我没有全测试，谨慎使用。
部分指令格式为：“指令[insert number]”，意思是输入指令后空一格，输入数字。
（一般是物体/人物ID，或者数量。
）tgm(上帝模式)tcl(无碰撞，穿墙。
)tai(开关AI)tcai(开关战斗AI)killall(杀掉场景中除关键人物和队友外的人)Kill [目标ID](杀掉目标ID的人物。
)resurrect [insert ID](复活目标ID的人物。
)setgs fJumpHeightMin [整数](调整跳跃高度)player.setav speedmult [insert number here](调整移动速度。
历代B社游戏几乎必用。
)tfc(飞行摄像机模式?没试)tm(开关用户界面。
注意：连控制台都不会显示，不过还是可以用。
)setscale [number from 1 to 10](改变目标物体、人物大小)sexchange(变性)player.additem 0000000f [insert number here](加瓶盖)player.additem 0000000a [insert number here](加开锁器)coc qasmoke(传送到测试房间。
房间内有所有游戏中的物品，打开控制台，用鼠标点目标物品，就会显示物品ID。
Simple enough? 问题是怎么传送回来原文没写……)coc UFOCrashSite01 （传送出去）set timescale to [insert number here](时间加速减速。
帝国时代2秘籍大全
帝国时代2秘籍大全微软的《帝国时代》曾让多少人君临天下时感叹,一代代英雄、名士终归黄土,国运恒昌的可望而不可及。
随着《罗马复兴)闪亮登场,全球又掀起了新一轮的《帝国时代》大战。
接下来，店铺为你带来帝国时代秘籍大全，希望对你有用。
帝国时代2-官方秘籍进入Chat模式(Enter ),然后以大写输入以下代码,开始游戏时，设置选项中CHEATMODE开关要勾上才能使用以下秘技。
代码影响POLO= 去除黑影MARCO =展现地图AEGIS= 直接建造ROCK ON =1000 石头LUMBERJACK =1000 木头ROBIN HOOD =1000 金子WIMPYWIMPYWIMPY =摧毁自己的建筑I LOVE THE MONKEY HEAD =得到一个VDMLHOW DO YOU TURN THIS ON=得到眼镜蛇车TORPEDOx 杀掉对手=(x代表想要杀掉对手的数目)TO SMITHEREENS= 得到一个破坏者BLACK DEATH= 消灭所有敌人I R DEATH =胜利CHEESE STEAK JIMMY'S= 1000 食物NATURAL WONDERS= 对自然生物的控制RESIGN=自杀帝国时代2秘籍在游戏过程中按回车键，然后会出现对话框，在对话框中输入：ROCK ON 1000石头LUMBERJACK 1000木头ROBIN HOOD 1000黄金CHEESE STEAK JIMMY`S 1000食物I LOVE THE MonKEY HEAD 获得VDMLHOW DO YOU TURN THIS ON 获得一辆眼镜蛇汽车TORPEDO 击败对手TO SMITHEREENS 获得SABOTEURBLACK DEATH 毁灭所有敌人I R WINNER 获胜MARCO 显示地图POLO 去掉黑影AEGIS 加快建筑速度WIMPYMIMWIMPY 自我毁灭也可以通过命令行方式添加不通的参数启动游戏800：设置屏幕显示方式为800*600模式1024：设置屏幕显示方式为1024*768模式1280：设置屏幕显示方式为1280*1024模式AUTOPSAVE：在游戏中每五分钟自动存Mfill: 消除在某些显示卡中可能会出现的水平线或者是黑屏现象MSYNC：消除某些SOUNDBLASTER AWE声卡引起得计算计停止响应的现象NOMUSIC：关闭所有的音乐NORMALMOUSE：把自定义的鼠标换成标准鼠标指针NOSOUND：关闭所有动话以外的音乐NOSTARTUP：忽略游戏开始前的所有动画NOTERRAINSOUND：关闭所有有关地形的音效帝国时代秘笈首先进入Chat模式(Enter ),然后以大写输入以下代码,开始游戏时，设置选项中CHEAT MODE开关要勾上才能使用以下秘技。
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Hello, everyboby. Now it's my turn to give you a presentation about the importace of social science. I have to say that， the other day, choosing this topic is really a spur-of-the-moment thing. But I must complete this presentation today. Ok, Let's begin.
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If a window is broken in a house, no one will repair it in time, and other windows will be broken after a while; if there is some graffiti on a wall that has not been cleaned up, the wall will soon be full of mess thing. A very clean place, once there is garbage, people will not hesitate to throw garbage into this place without any shame. This is what we call the broken window effect.
Of course you can't, the deterioration of the situation is inseparable from the back-to-back hands. In the face of the "first broken window", we often suggest to ourselves that the window can be broken without punishment. Thinking like this, unknowingly, we become the second and third hands ...
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If an accidental, individual, minor fault is not stopped timely, others will be condoned to break more windows. Just like an old Chinese saying, Don't to small and not for good, it is a sin to steal a pin.
Many people may argued that:
"The environment has been dirty for a long time, and the garbage I throw at it has no crucial role at all","Anyway, I didn't do it first",
So what is social science? From Wikipedia, we can know this term was formerly used to refer to the field of sociology, including economics, psychology, military science etc. Cause this topic is too big, I am going to start with an interesting social phenomenon and explain the importance of it.
The "first broken window" is often the starting point for things to worsen. This phenomenon is often seen in our daily lives.On a hot day, you are walking down the street and buying an ice cream. You haven't found a trash can for a long time. Where will you put the wrapping paper? Did you find a garbage corner and throw it away quietly?