Hardfacing
有关焊条专业英语
去氢 dehydrogenation
去氢热处理 heat treatment for dehydrogenation
脱硫 desulphurization
脱磷 dephosphorization
渗合金 alloying
微量合金化 microalloying
氢致准解理断口 hydrogen-embrittlement induced
沿晶断口 intergranular fracture
穿晶断口 transgranular fracture
疲劳断口 fatigue fracture
滑移面断口 glide plane fracture
断口形貌 fracture apperance
点热源 point heat source
线热源 linear heat source
面热源 plane heat source
瞬时集中热源 instantaneous concentration heat source
热效率 thermal efficiency
热能集中系数 coefficient of heat flow concentration
U形拉伸试验 U-tension test
缪雷克期热裂纹试验 Murex hot cracking test
菲斯柯裂纹试验 FISCO (type) cracking test
CTS裂纹试验 controlled thermal severity
拉伸拘束裂纹试验（TRC试验）tensile restraint cracking test
再热裂纹 reheat crack
焊接专业英语词汇(3)
焊接专业英语词汇(3)焊接专业英语词汇(3)焊接专业英语词汇(3)焊接热循环weld thermal cycle焊接温度场field of weld temperature; weld temperature field准稳定温度场quasi-stationary temperature field焊接热源welding heat source点热源point heat source线热源linear heat source面热源plane heat source瞬时集中热源instantaneous concentration heat source热效率thermal efficiency热能集中系数coefficient of heat flow concentration峰值温度peak temperature瞬时冷却速度momentary cooling rate冷却时间cooling time置换氧化substitutionary oxydation扩散氧化diffusible oxydation脱氧desoxydation先期脱氧precedent desoxydation扩散脱氧diffusible desoxydation沉淀脱氧precipitation desoxydation扩散氢diffusible hydrogen初始扩散氢initial diffusible hydrogen100℃残余扩散氢diffusible hydrogen remained at 100℃残余氢residual hydrogen去氢dehydrogenation去氢热处理heat treatment for dehydrogenation脱硫desulphurization脱磷dephosphorization渗合金alloying微量合金化microalloying一次结晶组织primary solidification structure二次结晶组织secondary solidification structure联生结晶epitaxial solidification焊缝结晶形态solidification mode in weld-bead结晶层状线ripple多边化边界polygonization boundary结晶平均线速度mean solidification rate针状铁素体acicular ferrite条状铁素体lath ferrite侧板条铁素体ferrite side-plate晶界欣素体grain boundary ferrite; polygonal ferrite; pro-entectoid ferrite粒状贝氏体granular bainite板条马氏体lath martensite过热组织overheated structure魏氏组织widmannst?tten structurem-a组元martensite-austenite constituent焊件失效分析failure analysis of weldments冷裂判据criterion of cold cracking冷裂敏感系数cold cracking susceptibity coefficient脆性温度区间brittle temperature range氢脆hydrogen embrittlement层状偏析lamellar segregation愈合healing effect断口金相fractography断口fracture延性断口ductile fracture韧窝断口dimple fracture脆性断口brittle fracture解理断口cleavage fracture准解理断口quasi-cleavage fracture氢致准解理断口hydrogen-embrittlement induced 沿晶断口intergranular fracture穿晶断口transgranular fracture疲劳断口fatigue fracture滑移面断口glide plane fracture断口形貌fracture apperance断口试验fracture test宏观断口分析macrofractography放射区radical zone纤维区fibrous zone剪切唇区shear lip aone焊接性weldability使用焊接性service weldability工艺焊接性fabrication weldability冶金焊接性metallurgical weldability热焊接性thermal weldability母材base metal; parent metal焊接区weld zone焊态as-welded (aw)母材熔化区fusion zone半熔化区partial melting region未混合区unmixed zone熔合区bond area熔合线weld junction (英)；bond line (美)热影响区heat-affected zone (haz)过热区overheated zone粗晶区coarse grained region细晶区fine grained region过渡区transition zone硬化区hardened zone碳当量carbon equivalent铬当量chromium equivalent镍当量nickel equivalent舍夫勒组织图schaeffler's diagram德龙组织图delong’s diagram连续冷却转变图（cct图）continuous cooling transformation 裂纹敏感性cracking sensibility焊接裂纹weld crack焊缝裂纹weld metal crack焊道裂纹bead crack弧坑裂纹crater crack热影响区裂纹heat-affected zone crack纵向裂纹longitudinal crack横向裂纹transverse crack微裂纹micro-crack; micro-fissure热裂纹hot crack凝固裂纹solidification crack晶间裂纹intercrystalline crack穿晶裂纹transcrystalline crack多边化裂纹polygonization crack液化裂纹liquation crack失延裂纹ductility-dip crack冷裂纹cold crack延迟裂纹delayed crack氢致裂纹hydrogen-induced crack焊道下裂纹underbead crack焊根裂纹root crack焊趾裂纹toe crack锯齿形裂纹chevron cracking消除应力处理裂纹stress relief annealing crack (sr crack) 再热裂纹reheat crack焊缝晶间腐蚀weld intercryctalline corrosion刀状腐蚀knife line attack敏化区腐蚀weld decay层状撕裂lamellar tearing焊接性试验weldability裂纹试验cracking testiiw裂纹试验iiw cracking testy形坡口裂纹试验slit type cracking test分块形槽热裂纹试验segmented circular groove cracking testh形裂纹试验h-type cracking test鱼骨形裂纹试验fishbone cracking test指形裂纹试验finger (cracking) testt形裂纹试验tee type cracking test环形槽裂纹试验circular-groove cracking test可调拘束裂纹试验varestraint testbwra奥氏体钢裂纹试验bwra cracking test for austenitie steel圆棒裂纹试验bar type cracking test; round bar cracking test里海裂纹试验lehigh restraint cracking test圆形镶块裂纹试验circular-path cracking test十字接头裂纹试验cruciform cracking testz向窗口拘束裂纹试验z-direction window type restraint cracking testg-bop焊缝金属裂纹试验g-bop weld metal crack test巴特尔焊道下裂纹试验battelle type underbead cracking testu形拉伸试验u-tension test缪雷克期热裂纹试验murex hot cracking test菲斯柯裂纹试验fisco (type) cracking testcts裂纹试验controlled thermal severity拉伸拘束裂纹试验（trc试验）tensile restraint cracking test 刚性拘束裂纹试验（rrc试验）rigid restraint cracking test插销试验implant testtigamajig 薄板焊接裂纹试验tigamajing thin plate cracking test焊道纵向弯曲试验longitudinal-bead test柯麦雷尔弯曲试验kommerell bead bend test肯泽尔弯曲试验kinzel test缺口弯曲试验notch bend test热朔性试验hot-ductility test热影响区冲击试验impact test of haz热影响区模拟试验synthetic heat-affected zone test最高硬度试验maximum hardness test落锤试验nrl (naval research laboratory)测氢试验hydrogen test焊接材料电极焊接材料welding consumables电极electrode熔化电极consumable electrode不熔化电极nonconsumable electrode钨电极tungsten electrode焊丝welding wire. welding rod实心焊丝solid wire渡铜焊丝copper-plating welding wire自保护焊丝self-shielded welding wire药芯焊丝flux-cored wire复合焊丝combined wire堆焊焊丝surfacing welding rod填充焊丝filler wire焊条electrode/ covered electrode焊芯core wire药皮coating (of an electrode)/ covering (of an electrode) 涂料coating flux/coating material造气剂gas forming constituents造渣剂slag forming constituents合金剂alloying constituent脱氧剂dioxidizer稳弧剂arc stabilizer粘接剂binder水玻璃water glass水玻璃模数modules of water glass酸性焊条acid electrode高钛型焊条high titania (type) electrode钛钙型焊条lime titania type electrode钛铁矿形焊条ilmenite type electrode氧化铁型焊条iron oxide type electrode/ high iron oxide type electrode高纤维素型焊条high cellulose (type) electrode石墨型焊条graphite type electrode碱性焊条basic electrode/ lime type covered electrode低氢型焊条low hydrogen type electrode高韧性超低氢焊条high toughness super low hydrogen electrode奥氏体焊条austenitic electrode铁素体焊条ferritic electrode不锈钢焊条stainless steel electrode珠光体耐热钢焊条pearlitic heat resistant steel electrode低温钢焊条low temperature steel electrode/ steelelectrode for low temperature铝合金焊条aluminum alloy arc welding electrode铜合金焊条copper-alloy arc welding electrode铜芯铸铁焊条cast iron electrode with steel core纯镍铸铁焊条pure nickel cast iron electrode球墨铸铁焊条electrode for welding spheroidal graphite cast iron铸芯焊条electrode with cast core wire镍基合金焊条nickel base alloy covered electrode蒙乃尔焊条monel electrode纯铁焊条pure iron electrode渗铝钢焊条alumetized steel electrode高效率焊条high efficiency electrode铁粉焊条iron powder electrode底层焊条backing welding electrode深熔焊条deep penetration electrode重力焊条gravity electrode立向下焊条electrode for vertical down position welding节能焊条saving energy electrode水下焊条underwater welding electrode耐海水腐蚀焊条seawater corrosion resistant steel electrode 低尘低毒焊条low-fume and harmfulless electrode/low-fume and low-toxic electrode堆焊焊条surfacing electrode耐磨堆焊焊条hardfacing electrode钴基合金堆焊焊条cobalt base alloy surfacing electrode碳化钨堆焊焊条tungsten carbide surfacing electrode高锰钢堆焊焊条high manganese steel surfacing electrode 双芯焊条twin electrode绞合焊条stranded electrode编织焊条braided electrode双层药皮焊条double coated electrode管状焊条flux-cored electrode气渣联合保护型药皮semi-volatile covering焊条工艺性usability of the electrode/ technicality of the electrode焊条使用性running characteristics of an electrode/ operating characteristics of an electrode焊条熔化性melting characteristics of an electrode焊条直径core diameter焊条偏心度eccentricity (of an electrode)药皮重量系数gravity coefficient of coating焊条药皮含水量percentage of moisture for covering焊条夹吃持端bare terminal (of an electrode)焊条引弧端striking end (of an elcetrode)焊剂welding flux/ flux熔炼焊剂fused flux粘结焊剂bonded flux烧结焊剂sintered flux/ agglomerated flux窄间隙埋弧焊焊剂flux for narrow-gap submerged arc welding低氢型焊剂low hydrogen type flux高速焊剂high speed welding flux无氧焊剂oxygen-free flux低毒焊剂low poison flux磁性焊剂magnetic flux电弧焊arc welding直流电弧焊direct current arc welding交流电弧焊alternating current arc welding三相电弧焊three phase arc welding熔化电弧焊arc welding with consumable金属极电弧焊metal arc welding不熔化极电弧焊arc welding with nonconsumable碳弧焊carbon arc welding明弧焊open arc welding焊条电弧焊shielded metal arc welding (smaw)重力焊gravity welding躺焊fire cracker welding电弧堆焊arc surfacing自动堆焊automatic surfacing躺板极堆焊surfacing by fire cracker welding带极堆焊surfacing with band-electrode振动电弧堆焊vibratory arc surfacing耐磨堆焊hardfacing埋弧焊submerged arc welding (saw)多丝埋弧焊multiple wire submerged arc welding纵列多丝埋弧焊tandem sequence (submerged-arc welding)横列多丝埋弧焊series submerged arc welding (saw-s)横列双丝并联埋弧焊transverse submerged arc welding热丝埋弧焊hot wire submerged-arc welding窄间隙埋弧焊narrow-gap submerged arc welding弧压反馈电弧焊arc voltage feedback controlling arc welding自调节电弧焊self-adjusting arc welding适应控制焊接adaptive control welding焊剂层burden; flux layer气体保护电弧焊gas shielded arc welding保护气体protective atmosphere惰性气体inert-gas活性气体active-gas惰性气体保护焊inert-gas (arc) welding氩弧焊argon arc welding熔化极惰性气体保护电弧焊metal inert-gas arc welding 钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊tungsten inert-gas arc welding 钨极氢弧焊argon tungsten arc welding脉冲氢弧焊pulsed argon arc welding熔化极脉冲氢弧焊argon metal pulsed arc welding钨极脉冲氢弧焊argon tungsten pulsed arc welding热丝mig焊hot wire mig welding热丝tig焊hot wire tig welding氨弧焊helium-arc welding活性气体保护电弧焊metal active-gas arc welding混合气体保护电弧焊mixed gas arc welding焊接专业英语词汇(3) 相关内容:。
HF - 所采用在稳定器的硬面堆焊技术
HF -1000
堆焊层 俯视图 堆焊层截面图 OxyOxy-acetylene brazing technology 钎焊工艺， 钎焊工艺，采用氧乙炔堆焊 Composite rod of crushed TC chip in nickel bronze silver matrix; matrix; 复合焊棒，镍铜银基合金中含硬质合金颗粒； 复合焊棒，镍铜银基合金中含硬质合金颗粒 Work with flux and nickel silver brazing rod to create higher bonding strength; strength; 与合适的钎剂和镍银基钎料配合，可以进一步提高堆焊层结合强度； 与合适的钎剂和镍银基钎料配合，可以进 步提高堆焊层结合强度 Spherical TC chip or crushed TC chip depending on the application 根据不用要求， 根据不用要求，采用的碳碳化钨颗粒可以是球形或粉碎碳化钨 Ideal for soft formation drilling; drilling; 适用于软地层钻采工具；
• • • • • • • • • •
Baker Hughes OSS SB Darron Besmindo Smith Interoffshore Tubular International Services OSE Weatherford National Oil Well
Reference List 客户名单
HF -5000 Consumables HF-5000耗材 HF-5000耗材
• 镍铬基硬质合金软焊条 镍 质 软焊条 W 799 Coil (Cast Carbide) • W799 Coil PLUS (Spherical Carbide)
机械图纸常用的些翻译
ALL WELDS CONTINUOUS UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED. 未注焊缝均为连续焊ALL WELDS 3mm FILLET UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED 未注焊角高3mm.ALL UNSPECIFIED RADI - R3 未注圆角R3REMOVE ALL BURRS AND SHARP EDGES 棱角倒钝CHANNEL 槽钢RSA 708 角钢70X70X8M30X1.5 pitch M30X1.5的锥螺纹Tackweld 点焊OD 1/4" outside dimension 1/4"的缩写外径直1/4"75 CRS 尺寸为75 材质为冷轧钢板410 OPENING REF 410 开口参考尺寸40 REF 尺寸为40,参考值2.5" BSP 2.5” 圆锥管螺纹2.5" BSPT HEXAGON 2.5” 六角圆锥管螺纹(即对丝)30x2.5 FLAT BAR 30X2.5 扁钢TYP 2 POSNS 2处11 TOTAL COILS APROX.9 WORKING COILS APROX.RIGHT HAND WOUND ONLY,END COILS SQUARE TO TOUCH.总圈数约11圈；工作圈数约9圈；右旋；弹簧的端部磨平以便于接触.(此为弹簧技术说明)FEMALE: 内扣(母扣)MALE: 外扣(公扣)偏心轴eccentric shaft /ik’sentrik/销轴PIN开口销COTTER PIN螺杆screw紧定螺钉SET SCREW圆螺母ROUND NUT内六角螺钉SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREW六角螺钉HEX HD SET SCREW六角螺栓HEX HD BOLT挡圈closing ring弹性挡圈circlip轴承隔套distance sleeve of axletree轴承axletree深沟球轴承DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARING无扣长non-buckle longth弹簧SPRING吊环螺钉LIFTING EYE BOLT开槽盘头螺钉SLOTTED PAN HEAD SCREW圆锥滚子轴承TAPERED ROLLER BEARING推力球轴承THRUST BALL BEARING平键FLAT KEY弹簧垫圈SINGLE COIL SPRING WASHER平垫圈FLAT WASHER螺母FULL NYLOCK NUT圆螺母ROUND NUT缩写全称翻译ACCESS Accessory 附件ADJ Adjustable,Adjust 调整ADPT Adapter 使适应ADV Advance 提前AL Aluminum 铝ALLOW Allowance 允许ALT Alternate 改变ALY Alloy 合金AMT Amout 数量ANL Anneal 锻炼ANSL Amer Natl Stds InstituteAPPROX Approximate 大约ASME Amer Society of Mech Engrs ASSEM Assemble 装配ASSY Assembly 装配AUTH Authorized 授权的AUTO Automatic 自动的AUX Auxiliary 辅助的AVG Average 平均AWG American Wire GaugeBC Bolt Circle 螺栓圆周BET Between 之间BEV Bevel 斜角BHN Brinell Hardness Number 布氏硬度值BLK Blank ,Block 空白B/NM Bill of Material 材料费BOT Bottom 底部BP or B/P Blueprint 蓝图BRG Bearing 轴承BRK Break 破裂BRKT Bracket 支架BRO Broach 钻孔BRS Brass 黄铜BRZ Bronze 青铜B＆S Brown＆Shape 棕色＆形状BSC Basic 基本的BUSH Bushing 套管BWG Birmingham Wire GaugeC TO C Center-to-Center 中心到中心CAD Computer-Aided Drafting 电脑辅助设计CAM Computer-Aided MfgCAP Capacity 容量CAP SCR Cap Screw 螺帽CARB Carburize 使渗碳CBORE Counterbore 扩孔CCW Counter Clockwise 逆时针CDRILL CounerdrillCDS Cold-Drawn Steel缩写全称翻译EFF Effective 有效的ENCL Enclose,Enclosure 附上ENG Engine 引擎ENGR Engineer 工程师ENGRG Engineering 工程学EQLSP Equally Spaced 等距EQUIV Equivalent 相等EST Estimate 估计EX Extra 额外EXH Exhaust 消耗EXP Experimental 实验性的EXT Exension,External 范围,外部FAB Fabricate 伪造FAO Finish All Over 全部加工FDRY Foundry 铸造FIG Figure 数据FIL Fillet,fillister 带子FIM Full Indicator MovementFIN FinishFLX Fixture 结构FLX Floor.Fluid,Flush 基地,液体,冲洗FLEX Flexible 易弯曲的FLG Flange 边缘FORG Forging 锻炼FR Frame,Front 边框FIG Fitting 装置FURN Furnish 提供FWD Forward 向前GA Gage,Gauge 测量GALV Galvanized 电镀GR Grade 等级GRD Grind 磨碎GRV Groove 凹槽GSKT Gasket 垫圈H＆G Harden and Grind 加硬和磨碎HD Head 主要的HDL Handle 处理HDLS Headless 无领导的HDN Harden 使硬化HDW Hardware 硬件HEX Hexagon 六边形HGR Hanger 衣架HGT Height 高度HOR Horizontal 水平的HRS Hot-Rolled SteelHSG Housing 外罩HT TR Heat Treal缩写全称翻译EFF Effective 有效的ENCL Enclose,Enclosure 附上ENG Engine 引擎ENGR Engineer 工程师ENGRG Engineering 工程学EQLSP Equally Spaced 等距EQUIV Equivalent 相等EST Estimate 估计EX Extra 额外EXH Exhaust 消耗EXP Experimental 实验性的EXT Exension,External 范围,外部FAB Fabricate 伪造FAO Finish All OverFDRY Foundry 铸造FIG Figure 数据FIL Fillet,fillister 带子FIM Full Indicator MovementFIN FinishFLX Fixture 结构FLX Floor.Fluid,Flush 基地,液体,冲洗FLEX Flexible 易弯曲的FLG Flange 边缘FORG Forging 锻炼FR Frame,Front 边框FIG Fitting 装置FURN Furnish 提供FWD Forward 向前GA Gage,Gauge 测量GALV Galvanized 电镀GR Grade 等级GRD Grind 磨碎GRV Groove 凹槽GSKT Gasket 垫圈H＆G Harden and Grind 加硬和磨碎HD Head 主要的HDL Handle 处理HDLS Headless 无领导的HDN Harden 使硬化HDW Hardware 硬件HEX Hexagon 六边形HGR Hanger 衣架HGT Height 高度HOR Horizontal 水平的HRS Hot-Rolled SteelHSG Housing 外罩HT TR Heat Treal缩写全称翻译NTS Not to ScaleOA Over All 所有OBS ObsotetcOC On CenterOD Outside Diameter 外直径OPP Opposite 对立OPTL Optional 可选择的OR Outside Radius 外半径ORIG Original 初始的PAT. Patent 专利PATT Pattern 形式PC Piece,Pitch Circle 件，节距圆PCH Punch 打孔PD Pitch DiameterPERF Perforate 打孔PERM Permanent 永久的PERP Perpendicular 垂直的PFD Preferred 首选的PKG Package,Packing 包装PL Parting Line,Places,PlatePNEU PncumaticPNL Panel 面板POL Polish 磨光POS Position,Postive 位置PR Pair 对立PRI Primary 基本的PROC Process 程序PROD Product,Production 产品，产量PSI Pounds per Square InchPT Part,Point 零件，点QTR Quarter 四份之一QTY Quantity 数量QUAL Quality 质量R Radius 半径RA Rockwell Harden,A-ScaleRB Rockwell Harden,B-ScaleRC Rockwell Harden,C-ScaleRECD Received 巳收到的RECT Rectangle 长方形REF Reference 相关的REINF Reinforce 增强REL Release,Relief 释放，缓解REM Remove 移除REQD Requird 有需要REE Retainer,ReturnREV Reverse,Revision,RevolutionRFS Regardless of Feature SizeRGH Rough 粗糙的RH Right Hand 右手RIV Rivet 起皱RM Ream 扩展RND Round 周围RPM Revolutions per MinuteRPW Resistance Projection WeldSAE Society of Automotive EngrsSCH Schedule 进度表行业标准规范(英汉对照)－加工工艺standerd of machining and technics (Chinese －English version)1 GB/T 780－1979 汽油发动机化油器出口凸缘尺寸Carbureters fo r automobile engines－－Dimensions of outlet flanges2 GB/T 983－1995 不锈钢焊条Stainless steel covered electrodes3 GB/T 984－1985 堆焊焊条Covered electrodes for hardfacing4 GB/T 985－1988 气焊、手工电弧焊及气体保护焊焊缝坡口的基本形式与尺寸Basic forms and sizes of weld grooves for gas welding manual arc welding and gas－Shielded arc welding5 GB/T 986－1988 埋弧焊焊缝坡口的基本形式和尺寸Basic forms and sizes of weld grooves for submerged arc welding6 GB/T 1173－1995 铸造铝合金Casting aluminium alloys7 GB/T 1174－1992 铸造轴承合金cast bearing metals8 GB/T 1176－1987 铸造铜合金技术条件Specification for cast copper alloys9 GB/T 1177－1991 铸造镁合金Casting magnesium alloys10 GB/T 1348－1988 球墨铸铁件Spheroidal graphite iron castings11 GB/T 1954－1980 铬镍奥氏体不锈钢焊缝铁素体含量测量方法Determination of the weldign seam iron element contentin chromium,nickel austenitic stainless steel12 GB/T 2100－1980 不锈耐酸钢铸件技术条件Stainless acid－resistant steel castings－－Specifications13 GB/T 2649－1989 焊接接头机械性能试验取样方法Methods of sampling for mechanical properties tests of welded joint14 GB/T 2650－1989 焊接接头冲击试验方法Method of impact test for welded joint15 GB/T 2651－1989 焊接接头拉伸试验方法Method of tensile test for welded joint16 GB/T 2652－1989 焊缝及熔敷金属拉伸试验方法Method of tensile tests for weld and deposited metal17 GB/T 2653－1989 焊接接头弯曲及压扁试验方法Methods of bend and compression tests for welded joint18 GB/T 2654－1989 焊接接头及堆焊金属硬度试验方法Methods of hardness tests for welded joint and surfacing metal19 GB/T 2655－1989 焊接接头应变时效敏感性试验方法Method of strain－age sensibillity test for welded joint20 GB/T 2656－1981 焊缝金属和焊接接头的疲劳试验法Weld beads metal and welds－－Fatigue test21 GB/T 2684－1981 铸造用原砂及混合料试验方法Foundry sands and sand mixtures for casting－－Method of testing22 GB/T 3180－1982 中锰抗磨球墨铸铁件技术条件Specification for medium manganese wear－resistant spheroidal iron castings23 GB/T 3375－1994 焊接术语Welding terminology24 GB/T 3669－1983 铝及铝合金焊条Coated electrodes for aluminium and aluminium alloys25 GB/T 3670－1995 铜及铜合金焊条Coated electrodes for copper and copper alloys26 GB/T 3731－1983 涂料焊条效率、金属回收率和熔敷系数的测定Covered electrodes－－Determination of the efficiency, metal recovery and deposition coefficient27 GB/T 3934－1983 普通螺纹量规Gauges for general purpose screw threads28 GB/T 3965－1995 熔敷金属中扩散氢测定方法Methods for determination of diffusible hydrogen in deposited metal 29 GB/T 4675.1－1984 焊接性试验斜Y型坡口焊接裂纹试验方法Weldability testing－－Method of Y－groove cracking test30 GB/T 4675.2－1984 焊接性试验搭接接头(CTS) 焊接裂纹试验方法Weldability testing－－Method of controlled thermal severity cracking test31 GB/T 4675.3－1984 焊接性试验T型接头焊接裂纹试验方法Weldability testing－－Method of cracking test for welded tee joint32 GB/T 4675.4－1984 焊接性试验压板对接(FISCO) 焊接裂纹试验方法Weldability testing－－Method of FISCO cracking test33 GB/T 4675.5－1984 焊接性试验焊接热影响区最高硬度试验方法Weldability testing－－Testing method of maximum hard ness in weld heat－affected zone34 GB/T 4863－1985 机械制造工艺基本术语General terminology of machine －building technology35 GB/T 5117－1995 碳钢焊条Carbon steel covered electrodes36 GB/T 5118－1995 低合金钢焊条Low alloy steel covered electrodes37 GB/T 5185－1985 金属焊接及钎焊方法在图样上的表示代号Welding, brazing, braze welding and soldering of metals－－List of processes for symbolic representation on drawings38 GB/T 5293－1985 碳素钢埋弧焊用焊剂Fluxes for the submerged arc welding of carbon steel39 GB/T 5613－1995 铸钢牌号表示方法Code for representing cast steels40 GB/T 5614－1985 铸铁件热处理状态的名称、定义及代号The designations definitions and symbols for heat treatment tempers of iron castings41 GB/T 5615－1985 铸钢件热处理状态的名称、定义及代号The designations, definitions and symbols for heat treatment tempers of steel castings42 GB/T 5676－1985 一般工程用铸造碳钢Cast carbon steels for general engineering purposes43 GB/T 5677－1985 铸钢件射线照相及底片等级分类方法Methods of radiographic testing and classification of radiographs for steel castings44 GB/T 5678－1985 铸造合金光谱分析取样方法The method for sampling cast alloys for spectrochemical analysis45 GB/T 6208－1995 钎料型号表示方法Filler metal for soft soldering and brazing－－Designation46 GB/T 6296－1986 灰铸铁冲击试验方法Grey cast iron impact test47 GB/T 6416－1986 影响钢熔化焊接头质量的技术因素Technical factors influencing the quality of the fusion welded joints in steel48 GB/T 6417－1986 金属熔化焊焊缝缺陷分类及说明Classification ofimperfections in metallic fusion welds, with explanations49 GB/T 6418－1993 铜基钎料Copper base brazing filler metals50 GB/T 6967－1986 工程结构用中、高强度不锈钢铸件Medium and high strength stainless steel castings for engineering structure purposes51 GB/T 7032－1986 T型角焊接头弯曲试验方法Method of bend test for T type fillet welded joint52 GB/T 7143－1986 铸造用硅砂化学分析方法Methods for chemical analysis of silica sand for foundry53 GB/T 7216－1987 灰铸铁金相Gray cast iron metallography54 GB/T 7232－1987 金属热处理工艺术语Terminology of metal heat treatment55 GB/T 7233－1987 铸钢件超声探伤及质量评级标准Methods for ultrasonic testing and for specifying quality levels of steel castings56 GB/T 7659－1987 焊接结构用碳素钢铸件Carbon steel castings suitable for welded structure57 GB/T 8063－1994 铸造有色金属及其合金牌号表示方法Designation of cast nonferrous metals and their alloys58 GB/T 8110－1995 气体保护电弧焊用碳钢、低合金钢焊丝Welding wires for gas shielding arc welding of carbon and low alloy steels59 GB/T 8121－1987 热处理工艺材料名词术语The terminology of technological materials for heat treatment60 GB/T 8263－1987 抗磨白口铸铁技术条件Specification for abrasion resistant white cast irons61 GB/T 8454－1987 焊条用还原钛铁矿粉中亚铁量的测定Determination of ferrous iron content in reduced ilmenite powder for welding rod62 GB/T 8491－1987 高硅耐蚀铸铁件Corrosion resistant high silicon iron castings63 GB/T 8492－1987 耐热钢铸件Heat resistant steel castings64 GB/T 8493－1987 一般工程用铸造碳钢金相Metallograph of cast carbon steels for general engineering purposes65 GB/T 8539－1987 齿轮材料及热处理质量检验的一般规定General specification for quality inspection of gear materials and their heat treatment 66 GB/T 8619－1988 钎缝强度试验方法Method of the strength test for brazed and soldered seam67 GB/T 9437－1988 耐热铸铁件Heat resistant iron castings68 GB/T 9438－1988 铝合金铸件技术条件Aluminium alloy castings－－Technical specification69 GB/T 9439－1988 灰铸铁件Grey iron castings70 GB/T 9440－1988 可锻铸铁件Malleable iron castings71 GB/T 9441－1988 球墨铸铁金相检验Metallographic test for spheroidal graphite cast iron72 GB/T 9446－1988 焊接用插销冷裂纹试验方法Welding－－Cold cracking test method using implants73 GB/T 9447－1988 焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验方法Test method forfatigue crack growth rates of welded joints74 GB 9448－1988 焊接与切割安全Safety in welding and cutting75 GB/T 9450－1988 钢件渗碳淬火有效硬化层深度的测定和校核Determination and verification of the effective depth of carburizod and hardened cases of steel parts76 GB/T 9451－1988 钢件薄表面总硬化层深度或有效硬化层深度的测定Determination of total or effective thickness of thin surface hardened layers of steel parts77 GB/T 9452－1988 热处理炉有效加热区测定方法Testing method for working zone of heat treating furnace78 GB/T 9460－1988 铜及铜合金焊丝Welding wire and rods of copper and copper alloys79 GB/T 10044－1988 铸铁焊条及焊丝Covered electrodes and welding rods for welding cast iron80 GB/T 10045－1988 碳钢药芯焊丝Carbon steel flux cored wires for arc welding81 GB/T 10046－1988 银基钎料Silver brazing filler metals82 GB/T 10858－1989 铝及铝合金焊丝Aluminium and aluminium alloy welding rods and wires83 GB/T 10859－1989 镍基钎料Nickel base brazing filler metals84 GB/T 11350－1989 铸件机械加工余量Machining allowances on castings85 GB/T 11351－1989 铸件重量公差Mass tolerances for castings86 GB/T 11352－1989 一般工程用铸造碳钢件Carbon steel castings for general engineering purposes87 GB/T 11354－1989 钢铁零件渗氮层深度测定和金相组织检验Steel－iron parts—Determination of nitrided case depth and metallographic examination of nitriding structure88 GB/T 11363－1989 钎焊接头强度试验方法Methods of the strength tests for brazed and soldered joint89 GB/T 11364－1989 钎料铺展性及填缝性试验方法Test method of spreadability and clearance filling ability for filler metal90 GB/T 12214－1990 熔模铸造用硅砂、粉Silica sand and flour for investment casting91 GB/T 12215－1990 熔模铸造用铝矾土砂、粉Bauxite sand and flour for investment casting92 GB/T 12216－1990 铸造用合脂粘结剂The residue from distillation of synthetic fatty acids as binder for foundry93 GB/T 12361－1990 钢质模锻件通用技术条件General specification of steel die forgings94 GB/T 12362－1990 钢质模锻件公差及机械加工余量Tolerances and machining allowances of steel die forgings95 GB/T 12363－1990 锻件功能分类Classification of forging functions96 GB/T 12469－1990 焊接质量保证钢熔化焊接头的要求和缺陷分级Quality assurance of welding—Requirement for fusion welding joint of steel andclassification for imperfection97 GB/T 12470－1990 低合金钢埋弧焊用焊剂Fluxes for the submerged arc welding of low alloy steel98 GB/T 12603－1990 金属热处理工艺分类及代号Classification and designation on metal heat treatment99 GB 12935－1991 焊条烘干炉运行能耗标准Energy consumption standard in operation of covered electrode furnace100 GB/T 13311－1991 锅炉受压元件焊接接头机械性能试验方法Boiler pressure parts—Mechanical test for welded joints101 GB/T 13320－1991 钢质模锻件金相组织评级图及评定方法Metallographic grading atlas and assessing method for steel die forgings102 GB/T 13450－1992 对接焊接头宽板拉伸试验方法Method of wide plate tension test for butt welded joint103 GB/T 13679－1992 锰基钎料Manganese base brazing filler metals104 GB/T 13814－1992 镍及镍合金焊条Nickel and nickel alloy covered welding electrodes105 GB/T 13815－1992 铝基钎料Aluminium base brazing filler metals106 GB/T 13816－1992 焊接接头脉动拉伸疲劳试验方法Test method for pulsed tensile fatigue of welded joints107 GB/T 13817－1992 对接接头刚性拘束焊接裂纹试验方法Method of rigid restraint cracking test for welding butt joint108 GB/T 13818－1992 压铸锌合金Zinc die－casting alloys109 GB/T 13819－1992 铜合金铸件Copper alloy castings110 GB/T 13820－1992 镁合金铸件Magnesium alloy castings111 GB/T 13821－1992 锌合金压铸件Zinc alloy die castings112 GB/T 13822－1992 压铸有色合金试样Test specimens for non ferrous diecasting alloys113 GB/T 13914－1992 冲压件尺寸公差Tolerance of dimensions for stampings114 GB/T 13915－1992 冲压件角度公差Tolerance of angles for stampings 115 GB/T 13916－1992 冲压件形状和位置未注公差Unnoted tolerance of shape and position for stampings116 GB/T 13925－1992 铸造高锰钢金相Metallographs for high manganese cast steel117 GB/T 14235.1－1993 熔模铸造模料熔点测定方法(冷却曲线法) Testing method for melting point of pattern materials in investment casting118 GB/T 14235.2－1993 熔模铸造模料抗弯强度测定方法Testing method for bending strength of pattern materials in investment casting119 GB/T 14235.3－1993 熔模铸造模料灰分测定方法Testing method for ash content of pattern materials in investment casting120 GB/T 14235.4－1993 熔模铸造模料线收缩率测定方法Testing method for linear contraction of pattern materials in investment casting121 GB/T 14235.5－1993 熔模铸造模料表面硬度测定方法Testing method for surface hardness of pattern materials in investment casting122 GB/T 14235.6－1993 熔模铸造模料酸值测定方法Testing method for acid number of pattern materials in investment casting123 GB/T 14235.7－1993 熔模铸造模料流动性测定方法Testing method for fluidity of pattern materials in investment casting124 GB/T 14235.8－1993 熔模铸造模料粘度测定方法Testing method for viscosity of pattern materials in investment casting125 GB/T 14235.9－1993 熔模铸造模料热稳定性测定方法Testing method for thermal stability of pattern materials in investment casting126 GB/T 14408－1993 一般工程与结构用低合金铸钢件Low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structural purposes127 GB/T 15055－1994 冲压件未注公差尺寸极限偏差Permissible stamping varitions in dimensions without tolerance indication128 GB/T 15056－1994 铸造表面粗糙度评定方法Evaluation method on cast surface roughness129 GB/T 15111－1994 点焊接头剪切拉伸疲劳试验方法Test method for shear tensile fatigue of spot welded joints130 GB/T 15114－1994 铝合金压铸件Aluminium alloy die－castings131 GB/T 15115－1994 压铸铝合金Die casting aluminium alloys132 GB/T 15116－1994 压铸铜合金Die casting copper alloys133 GB/T 15117－1994 铜合金压铸件Copper alloy die castings134 GB/T 15169－1994 钢熔化焊手焊工资格考核方法Approval testing of manual welders－－Fusion welding－steel135 GB/T 15620－1995 镍及镍合金焊丝Nickel and nickel alloy welding wires 136 GB 15735－1995 金属热处理生产过程安全卫生要求Requirements for the safety and health in production process of metal heat treatment137 GB/T 15747－1995 正面角焊缝接头拉伸试验方法Method of tension test for front fillet welded joint138 GB/T 15825.1－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法成形性能和指标Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Formability and indexes139 GB/T 15825.2－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法通用试验规程Sheet metal formability and test methods－－General test rules140 GB/T 15825.3－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法拉深与拉深载荷试验Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Drawing and drawing load test 141 GB/T 15825.4－1995 金属薄板成形性能和试验方法扩孔试验Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Hole expanding test142 GB/T 15825.5－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法弯曲试验Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Bending test143 GB/T 15825.6－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法锥杯试验Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Conical cup test144 GB/T 15825.7－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法凸耳试验Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Earing test145 GB/T 15825.8－1995 金属薄板成形性能与试验方法成形极限图(FLD)试验Sheet metal formability and test methods－－Forming limit diagram (FLD) test146 GB/T 15826.1－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差一般要求Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－General reguirement147 GB/T 15826.2－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差盘、柱类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Disks and columns148 GB/T 15826.3－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差带孔圆盘类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Disk swith holes149 GB/T 15826.4－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差圆环类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Rings150 GB/T 15826.5－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差套筒类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Seamles cylinder hushings151 GB/T 15826.6－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差光轴类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Shaft without steps152 GB/T 15826.7－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差台阶轴类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Shaft with steps153 GB/T 15826.8－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差单拐曲轴类Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open dle forgings on hammer－－Single throw crankshaft154 GB/T 15826.9－1995 锤上钢质自由锻件机械加工余量与公差黑皮锻件Machining allowances and tolerances for steel open die forgings on hammer－－Forging without machining155 GB/T 15829.1－1995 软钎焊用钎剂分类、标记与包装Soldering fluxes －－Classification, labelling and packaging156 GB/T 15829.2－1995 软钎焊用钎剂树脂类钎剂Soldering fluxes－－Resin basis fluxes157 GB/T 15829.3－1995 软钎焊用钎剂有机物类钎剂Soldering fluxes－－Organic fluxes158 GB/T 15829.4－1995 软钎焊用钎剂无机物类钎剂Soldering fluxes－－Inorganic fluxes159 GB/T 16253－1996 承压钢铸件Steel castings for pressure purposes 160 GB/T 16672－1996 焊缝工作位置倾角和转角的定义Welds－－Working positions－－Definitions of angles of slope and rotation161 GB/T 8541－1997 锻压术语Terminolgy of forging and stamping162 GB/T 16743－1997 冲裁间隙Blanking clearance163 GB/T 16746－1997 锌合金铸件Zinc alloy castings164 GB/T 1175－1997 铸造锌合金Casting zinc alloys165 GB/T 16923－1997 钢件的正火与退火Normalizing and annealing of steel parts166 GB/T 16924－1997 钢件的淬火与回火Quenching and tempering of steel parts167 GB/T 16957－1997 复合钢板焊接接头力学性能试验方法Mechanical tests on welded joints in clad plates168 GB/T 6060.1－1997 表面粗糙度比较样块铸造表面Roughness comparison specimens Cast surfaces169 GB/T 5611－1998 铸造术语Foundry terminology170 GB/T 5680－1998 高锰钢铸件Austenitic manganese steel castings171 GB/T 9442－1998 铸造用硅砂Foundry silica sand172 GB/T 17445－1998 铸造磨球Cast grinding balls173 GB/T 12467.1－1998 焊接质量要求金属材料的熔化焊第一部分: 选择及使用指南Quality requirements for welding－－Fusion welding of metallic materials－－Part 1: Guidelines for selection and use174 GB/T 12467.2－1998 焊接质量要求金属材料的熔化焊第二部分: 完整质量要求Quality requirements for welding－－Fusion welding of metallic materials－－Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements175 GB/T 12467.3－1998 焊接质量要求金属材料的熔化焊第三部分: 一般质量要求Quality requirements for welding－－Fusion welding of metallic materials－－Part 3: Standards quality requirements176 GB/T 12467.4－1998 焊接质量要求金属材料的熔化焊第四部分: 基本质量要求Quality requirements for welding－－Fusion welding of metallic materials－－Part 4: Elementary quality requirements177 GB/T 17493－1998 低合金钢药芯焊丝Low alloy steel flux cored electrodes for arc welding自改革开放以来，我国引进了不少国外设备、图纸和其它技术资料，有不少发达国家的机械图样投影方法与我国所采用的投影方法不同。
焊接方法与几种焊材的中英文对照
焊接方法与几种焊材的中英文对照自己在工作中总结出了几种焊接方法和焊材的英文名称，看大家是否用得上MIG —---———-——-———Metal Inert Gas arc welding ————-----—熔化极惰性气体保护电弧焊MAG—-—---—--————-Metal Active Gas arc welding-———-—--—-熔化极活性气体气体保护电弧焊TIG ————-——----—-—Tungsten Inert Gas Welding—————--——-————钨极惰性气体保护焊SAW——Submerged Arc Welding——埋弧焊其它：FCAW—-flux cored arc welding-—药芯焊丝电弧焊FCW-G—-gas—shielded flux cored arc welding——气保护药芯焊丝电弧焊FCW—S——self—shielded flux cored arc welding——自保护药芯焊丝电弧焊GMAW-—gas metal arc welding—-熔化极气体保护电弧焊GTAW——gas tungsten arc welding——钨极气体保护电弧焊焊材与焊接常用词汇：焊丝welding wire. Welding rod实心焊丝solid wire镀铜焊丝copper-plating welding wire 或copper-coating welding wire药芯焊丝flux-cored wire填充焊丝filler wire焊条electrode/ covered electrode酸性焊条acid electrode高钛型焊条high titania (type) electrode钛钙型焊条lime titania type electrode钛铁矿形焊条ilmenite type electrode氧化铁型焊条iron oxide type electrode/ high iron oxide type electrode高纤维素型焊条high cellulose (type）electrode石墨型焊条graphite type electrode碱性焊条basic electrode/ lime type covered electrode低氢型焊条low hydrogen type electrode高韧性超低氢焊条high toughness super low hydrogen electrode奥氏体焊条austenitic electrode铁素体焊条ferritic electrode不锈钢焊条stainless steel electrode珠光体耐热钢焊条pearlitic heat resistant steel electrode低温钢焊条low temperature steel electrode/ steel electrode for low temperature 铝合金焊条aluminum alloy arc welding electrode铜合金焊条copper-alloy arc welding electrode铜芯铸铁焊条cast iron electrode with steel core纯镍铸铁焊条pure nickel cast iron electrode球墨铸铁焊条electrode for welding spheroidal graphite cast iron铸芯焊条electrode with cast core wire镍基合金焊条nickel base alloy covered electrode渗铝钢焊条alumetized steel electrode高效率焊条high efficiency electrode铁粉焊条iron powder electrode重力焊条gravity electrode立向下焊条electrode for vertical down position welding水下焊条underwater welding electrode耐海水腐蚀焊条seawater corrosion resistant steel electrode堆焊焊条surfacing electrode耐磨堆焊焊条hardfacing electrode钴基合金堆焊焊条cobalt base alloy surfacing electrode碳化钨堆焊焊条tungsten carbide surfacing electrode高锰钢堆焊焊条high manganese steel surfacing electrode管状焊条flux—cored electrode装焊平台welding platen电磁平台electromagnetic platen焊接翻转机welding tilter焊接回转台floor turnable positioner焊接变位机positioner焊接滚轮架turning rolls焊条保温筒thermostat for electrode焊接参数welding parameter 电压Voltage激光切割laser cutting（LC）; laser beam cutting电子束切割electron beam cutting喷气激光切割gas jet laser cutting碳弧切割carbon arc cutting水下切割underwater cutting喷水式水下电弧切割waterjet method underwater arc cutting氧矛切割oxygen lancing；oxygen lance cutting溶剂氧切割powder lancing手工气割manual oxygen cutting自动气割automatic oxygen cutting仿形切割shape cutting数控切割NC （numerical—control) cutting快速切割high-speed cutting垂直切割square cut叠板切割stack cutting坡口切割beveling；bevel cutting碳弧气割carbon arc air gouging火焰气刨flame gouging火焰表面清理scarfing氧熔剂表面修整powder washing预热火焰preheat flame预热氧preheat oxygen切割氧cutting oxygen/ cutting stream切割速度cutting speed切割线lone of cut/ cut line切割面face of cut/ cut face切口kerf切口上缘cutting shoulder切口宽度kerf width后拖量drag切割面平面度evenness of cutting surface/ planeness of cutting surface 割纹深度depth of cutting veins/ stria depth切割面质量quality of cut face上缘熔化度shoulder meltability/ melting degree of shoulder切口角kerf angle缺口notch挂渣adhering slag结瘤dross割炬cutting torch/ cutting blowpipe/ oxygen—fuel gas cutting torch割枪cutting gun割嘴cutting nozzle/ cutting tip快速割嘴divergent nozzle/ high—speed nozzle表面割炬gouging blowpipe水下割炬under—water cutting blowpipe水下割条electrode for under-water cutting粉剂罐powder dispenser数控切割机NC cutting machine门式切割机flame planer光电跟踪切割机photo—electric tracing cutting火焰切管机pipe flame cutting machine磁轮式气割机gas cutting machine with magnetic wheels 焊接结构welded structure/ welded construction焊件weldment焊接部件weld assembly组装件built—up member接头设计joint design焊接应力welding stress焊接瞬时应力transient welding stress焊接残余应力welding residual stress热应力thermal stress收缩应力contraction stress局部应力local stress拘束应力constraint stress固有应力inherent stress固有应变区inherent strain zone残余应力测定residual stress analysis逐层切割法Sach's methodX射线衍射法X—ray stress analysis小孔释放法Mathar method固有应变法inherent strain method消除应力stress relieving局部消除应力local stress relieving应力重分布stress redistribution退火消除应力stress relieving by annealing温差拉伸消除应力low temperature stress relieving机械拉伸消除应力mechanical stress relieving应力松弛stress relaxation焊接变形welding deformation焊接残余变形welding residual deformation局部变形local deformation角变形angular distortion自由变形free deformation收缩变形contraction deformation错边变形mismatching deformation挠曲变形deflection deformation波浪变形wave—like deformation火焰矫正flame straightening反变形backward deformation焊接力学welding mechanics断裂力学fracture mechanics弹塑性断裂变形elasto—plastic fracture mechanics线弹性断裂力学linear elastic fracture mechanics延性断裂ductile fracture脆性断裂brittle fracture应力腐蚀开裂stress corrosion cracking热应变脆化hot straining embrittlement临界裂纹尺寸critical crack size裂纹扩展速率crack propagation rate裂纹张开位移（COD）crack opening displacement拘束度restraint intensity拘束系数restraint coefficient应变速率strain rate断裂韧度fracture toughness应力强度因子stress intensity factor临界应力强度因子critical stress intensity factors应力腐蚀临界应力强度因子critical stress intensity factor of stress corrosion cracking J积分J—integration罗伯逊止裂试验Robertson crack arrest testESSO试验ESSO test双重拉伸试验doucle tension test韦尔斯宽板拉伸试验Well’s wide plate test帕瑞斯公式Paris formula断裂分析图fracture analysis diagram焊接车间welding shop焊接工作间welding booth焊接工位welding post/ welding station焊接环境welding surroundings焊工welder电焊工manual arc welder气焊工gas welder焊接检验员weld inspector焊工培训welders training焊工模拟练习器trainer of synthetic weld焊工考试welder qualification test焊工合格证welder qualification/ welder qualified certification钢板预处理steel plate pretreatment喷沙sand blast喷丸shot blast矫正straighten开坡口bevelling （of the edge）/ chanfering 装配assembly/ fitting安装erect刚性固定rigid fixing装配焊接顺序sequence of fitting and welding 焊接工艺评定welding procedure qualification 焊接工艺规程welding procedure specification 焊接工艺试验welding procedure test焊接工艺卡welding procedure card工序operational sequence焊接材料消耗定额welding consumables quota 焊接工时定额welder-hour quota清渣slag removal清根back gouging/ back chipping锤击peening返修次数number of rewelding焊接工作台welding bench装焊平台welding platen电磁平台electromagnetic platen焊接翻转机welding tilter焊接回转台floor turnable positioner焊接变位机positioner焊接滚轮架turning rolls焊接操作机manpulator焊工升降台welder's lifting platform焊接夹具welding jig/ fixture磁力夹紧器magnetic jig螺旋推撑器screw operated tensioning unit焊丝盘绕机welding wire coiler焊条压涂机welding electrode extrusion press 红外线加热器infra-red heater干燥箱dryer焊条保温筒thermostat for electrode流量计flow meterCO2预热器CO2 heaterCO2干燥器CO2 desiccator焊接电缆welding cable电缆夹头welding connector地线earth lead地线夹头earth clamp焊接参数记录仪welding parameter recorder 焊缝检测规weld gauge喷嘴通针tip cleaner测温笔tempil stick敲渣锤chipping hammer焊接衬垫backing/ welding backing保留垫板fusible backing/ permanent backing临时垫板temporary backing焊剂垫flux backing惰性气体衬垫inert-gas backing引弧板run—on tab/ end tab/ starting weld tab引出板run-off tab/ end tab定位板strong—back加强勒stiffener嵌条insert套环ferrule面罩helmet滤光镜片filter glass/ welding glass防护镜片cover glass/ plain glass气焊眼镜welding goggles焊接机器人welding robot点焊机器人spot welding robot弧焊机器人arc welding robot切割机器人cutting robot焊接机器人生产线robot line for welding焊接机器人工作站welding robot station机器人运动自由degree of free for robot机器人工作空间robot working space轨迹重复精度path repeatability点位重复精度PTP repeatability焊接专家系统welding expert system焊接机器人示数welding robot play back焊接图象识别pattern recognition for welding焊接图象处理welding image processing计算机辅助焊接工艺设计computer—aided welding process programming (CAWPP）计算机辅助焊接结构设计computer—aided design for welding structure焊接烟尘weld fume焊接发尘量total amount of fumes焊接烟尘浓度weld fume concentration焊接烟尘容限浓度threshold limit values of weld fume (TLV）焊接发尘速率weld fume emission rate焊接有害气体welding toxic gases/ weld harmful gases标定卫生空气需要量nominal hygienic air requirement焊工尘肺pheumocomsis of welder焊工锰中毒chronic occupational manganese poisoning of welder焊工氟中毒fluorosis of welder焊工金属烟热metal fume fever of welder电光性眼炎eye-flash （arc eye）电光性皮炎electro—photo dermatitis电弧紫外线灼伤ultraviolet ray burn防电击装置voltage reducing device除尘装置dust collection device焊工手套welding gloves护脚welding spats防护鞋shielding shoes焊接欠缺welding imperfection焊接缺陷weld defect气孔blowhole/ gas pore针尖状气孔pinhole密集气孔porosity条虫状气孔wormhole裂纹crack表面裂纹surface crack咬边undercut焊瘤overlap凹坑pit烧穿burn through塌陷excessive penetration未焊透incomplete penetration/ lack of penetration未熔合lack of fusion/ incomplete fusion未焊满incompletely filled weld根部凹陷root concavity电弧擦伤arc scratch夹渣slag inclusion夹杂物inclusion夹钨tungsten inclusion白点fish eye/ flake错边misalignment/ dislocation试件test piece试样test specimen无损检验nondestructive test破坏检验destructive test外观检查visual examination超声波探伤ultrasonic inspection直射法超声波探伤straight beam method斜射法超声波探伤angle beam method液浸法超声波探伤immersion method射线探伤radiographic inspection/ radiographyX射线探伤X-ray radiographic inspectionγ射线探伤gamma-ray inspectionX射线工业电视探伤X-ray industrial television inspection 磁粉探伤magnetic particle inspection电磁探伤electromagnetic inspection/ eddy current test 探伤灵敏度flaw detection sensitivity渗透探伤penetration inspection荧光探伤flurescent penetrant inspection着色探伤dye penetrant inspection密封性检验leak test气密性检验air tight test枕形气密检验pillow test耐压检验pressure test水压检验hydraulic test气压检验pneumatic test液晶检验liquid crystal test声发射检测acoustic emission testing面弯试验face bend testing背弯试验root bend test侧弯试验side bend test横弯试验horizontal bend test纵弯试验axial bend test压扁试验squeezing test。
常用的堆焊操作方法
常用的堆焊操作方法
堆焊（Hardfacing）是一种在金属表面上添加耐磨、耐腐蚀或其他特殊性能的涂层或填充材料的焊接过程。
下面列举了几种常用的堆焊操作方法：
1.熔敷堆焊（FuseWelding）：这是最常见的堆焊方法之一。
在熔敷堆焊中，焊材以焊丝或焊条的形式添加到基材上，然后通过熔化焊材和基材来形成涂层。
这种方法可以使用多种焊接工艺，如手工电弧焊、气体保护焊等。
2.粉末堆焊（PowderWelding）：粉末堆焊是一种将金属粉末喷射到基材表面，并通过热源（如等离子弧或激光）将其熔化和熔合到基材上的堆焊方法。
这种方法适用于高温和高速应用，并可以实现较高的精度和微观组织控制。
3.硬面割弧堆焊（OpenArcHardfacing）：硬面割弧堆焊是一种在基材上使用割弧电弧焊进行堆焊的方法。
焊丝通过电弧进行熔化，并在电弧下落到基材表面时形成涂层。
这种方法操作简单、适用范围广，常用于重型设备的维修和耐磨涂层的制备。
4.激光堆焊（LaserHardfacing）：激光堆焊是利用激光束将焊材熔化并精确熔合到基材上的堆焊方法。
激光堆焊具有高能量密度、焊接速度快和热影响区小等优点，可以实现高精度、低热输入的涂层制备。
5.电弧喷涂堆焊（ArcSprayingHardfacing）：电弧喷涂堆焊是通过电弧喷涂设备将金属线材熔化并喷射到基材表面，形成涂层。
这种方法通常用于在大面积上进行涂覆，并能提供良好的附着力和涂层均匀性。
这些是常见的堆焊操作方法，根据具体的应用需求和工艺条件，可以选择适合的堆焊方法来实现所需的涂层性能和质量。
AS,AWS 中质量词语辨析 English
• AS1554.1
– Weld imperfections that exceed the levels given in Tables 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 shall be classed as defects. – AS4100
• Surface defects in the steel shall be removed using the methods specified in the appropriate Standards listed in Clause 2.2.1. • PD 6493-1991 `Guidance on Some Methods for the Derivation of Acceptance Levels for Defects in Fusion Welded Joints'
AS 4100
• May
• Indicates the existence of an option.
• Shall
• Indicates that a statement is mandatory.
• Should
• Indicates a recommendation.
• • • •
Flaw Imperfection Discontinuity Defect
Standard of Terms
• AS 2812
– WELDING, BRAZING AND CUTTING OF METALS - GLOSSARY OF TERMS
• AWS A3.0
– 标准焊接术语和定义
• BS EN ISO 4063
– 焊接和联合工艺方法-工艺方法术语和引用编号
• GBT 8264
焊接术语中英对照
电阻焊 resistance welding (RW)点焊 spot welding；resistance spot welding凸焊 projection welding缝焊 seam welding滚点焊 roll-spot welding连续点焊 stitch welding多点焊 multiple spot welding手压点焊 push welding；poke welding单面点焊 indirect spot welding双面点焊 direct spot welding脉冲点焊 pulsation spot welding；multiple-impulse welding串联点焊 series spot welding多点凸焊 multiple projection welding频道进缝焊 step-by-step seam welding压平缝焊 mash seam welding串联缝焊 series seam welding对接缝焊 butt seam welding；foil-butt seam电阻对焊 upset butt welding闪光对焊 flash butt welding (FBW)储能焊 stored energy welding电容储能点焊 condenser discharge spot welding高频电阻焊 high frequency resistance welding冲击电阻焊 percussion welding胶接点焊 spot weld-bonding；weld-bonding 塑料喷涂 plastic spraying陶瓷喷涂 ceramic spraying喷熔 spray-fusing表面粗糙化处理 surface roughening电火花拉毛 electrospark roughening抛锚效应 anchoring喷涂层 spray-fused coating喷熔层 spray-fused coating结合层 bond coating；under coating工作层 work coating结合强度 adhesive strength涂层强度 strength of coating封孔处理 sealing封孔剂 sealant喷涂率 spray rate沉积效率 deposition efficiency孔隙率 porosity喷涂材料 spraying material自熔剂合金粉末 self-fluxing alloy powder 喷炬（枪） spray torch；热切割 thermal cutting (TC)气割 gas cutting；oxygen cutting氧溶剂切割 powder cutting氧-石英砂切割 quartz powder cutting闪光 flashing；flash过梁 bridge；lintel顶锻 upsetting；upset夹紧力 clamping force顶锻力 upsetting force；upset force电极压力 electrode force；electrode pressure电极滑移 electrode skid焊接循环 welding cycle预压时间 squeeze time锻压时间 forge-delay time；forge time焊接通电时间（电阻焊） welding time (resistance welding)预热时间 preheat time加热时间 heat time冷却时间 cool time间歇时间 quench time；chill time回火时间 temper time维持时间 hold time休止时间 off time闪光时间 flash time；flashing time顶锻时间 upset time；upsetting time有电顶锻时间 upset current time无电顶锻时间 upset current-off time闪光速度 flashing speed闪光电流 flashing current；flash current顶锻电流 upset current预热电流 preheat current 电弧切割 arc cutting氧气电弧切割 oxy-arc cutting空气电弧切割 air arc cutting等离子弧切割 plasma arc cutting (PAC)空气等离子弧切割 air plasma arc cutting氧等离子切割 oxygen plasma arc cutting水再压缩空气等离子弧切割 air plasma water injection arc cutting双层气流等离子弧切割 dual gas plasma arc cutting；shielded gas plasma arc cutting激光切割 laser cutting(LC)；laser beam cutting电子束切割 electron beam cutting喷气激光切割 gas jet laser cutting碳弧切割 carbon arc cutting水下切割 underwater cutting喷水式水下电弧切割 waterjet method underwater arc cutting氧矛切割 oxygen lancing；oxygen lance cutting溶剂氧切割 powder lancing手工气割 manual oxygen cutting自动气割 automatic oxygen cutting仿形切割 shape cutting数控切割 NC (numerical-control) cutting快速切割 high-speed cutting垂直切割 square cut叠板切割 stack cutting坡口切割 beveling；bevel cutting回火电流 temper current调伸长度 initial overhange；extension 总留量 total allowance闪光留量 flash allowance顶锻留量 upset allowance顶锻速度 upset speed电极接触面 electrode contact surface 贴合面 faying surface焊点 welding spot熔核 nugget熔核直径 diameter of nugget塑性金属环区 corona bond焊透率 penetration rate压痕 indentation压痕深度 depth of indentation压深率 indentation ratio翘离 sheet separation缩孔 shrinkage cavity胡须 intrusion电极粘损 electrode pick up喷溅 splash/ expulsion毛刺 fin飞边 upset metal/ fin焊点距 weld spacing/ spot weld spacing 边距 edge distance分流 shunt current 碳弧气割 carbon arc air gouging火焰气刨 flame gouging火焰表面清理 scarfing氧熔剂表面修整 powder washing预热火焰 preheat flame预热氧 preheat oxygen切割氧 cutting oxygen/ cutting stream切割速度 cutting speed切割线 lone of cut/ cut line切割面 face of cut/ cut face切口 kerf切口上缘 cutting shoulder切口宽度 kerf width后拖量 drag切割面平面度 evenness of cutting surface/ planeness of cutting surface割纹深度 depth of cutting veins/ stria depth切割面质量 quality of cut face上缘熔化度 shoulder meltability/ melting degree of shoulder切口角 kerf angle缺口 notch挂渣 adhering slag结瘤 dross割炬 cutting torch/ cutting blowpipe/ oxygen-fuel gas cutting torch割枪 cutting gun割嘴 cutting nozzle/ cutting tip接触电阻 contact resistance电阻焊机 resistance welding machine点焊机 spot welding machine多点焊机 multiple spot welding machine移动式点焊机 portable spot welding machine缝焊机 seam welding machine纵横两用缝焊机 universal seam welder对焊机 butt resistance welding machine凸焊机 projection welding machine三相低频焊机 three phase low frequency welder 二次整流电阻焊机 direct current resistance welder secondary rectification电容储能电阻焊机 condenser discharge resistance welder电容储能点焊机 condenser type spot welder/ capacitor spot welding machine工频电阻焊机 mains frequency resistance welding machine低频电阻焊机 frequency converter resistance welding machine高频焊机 high frequency induction welder逆变式电阻焊机 inverter type resistance welding machine全波阻焊电源 full wave resistance welding power source斩波阻焊电源 chopped wave resistance welding power source旋转焊接变压器 rotary welding transformer 快速割嘴 divergent nozzle/ high-speed nozzle表面割炬 gouging blowpipe水下割炬 under-water cutting blowpipe水下割条 electrode for under-water cutting粉剂罐 powder dispenser数控切割机 NC cutting machine门式切割机 flame planer光电跟踪切割机 photo-electric tracing cutting火焰切管机 pipe flame cutting machine磁轮式气割机 gas cutting machine with magnetic wheels焊接结构 welded structure/ welded construction 焊件 weldment焊接部件 weld assembly组装件 built-up member接头设计 joint design焊接应力 welding stress焊接瞬时应力 transient welding stress焊接残余应力 welding residual stress热应力 thermal stress收缩应力 contraction stress局部应力 local stress拘束应力 constraint stress固有应力 inherent stress固有应变区 inherent strain zone残余应力测定 residual stress analysis逐层切割法Sach’s method点焊钳 spot welding headC形点焊钳 C-type welding head/ C-type gunX形点焊钳 pincer spot welding head/ pliers spot welding head断续器 contactor同步断续器 synchronous contactor异步断续器 non-synchronous contactor程序控制器 sequencer程序时间调节器 sequencer timer电极臂 arm电极握杆 electrode holder电极台板 backup die/ bolster电极水冷管 electrode cooling tube电极头 electrode tip电极帽 electrode cap锥头电极 truncated tip electrode平头电极 flat tip electrode尖头电极 pointed tip electrode球面电极 radius tip electrode偏心电极 offest electrode直电极 straight electrode弯电极 cranked electrode双弯电极 double cranked (swannecked) electrode 滚轮电极 circular electrode/ welding wheel斜棱滚轮电极 bevelled wheel顶锻机构 upsetting mechanism电极总行程 total electrode stroke X射线衍射法 X-ray stress analysis小孔释放法 Mathar method固有应变法 inherent strain method消除应力 stress relieving局部消除应力 local stress relieving应力重分布 stress redistribution退火消除应力 stress relieving by annealing温差拉伸消除应力 low temperature stress relieving 机械拉伸消除应力 mechanical stress relieving应力松弛 stress relaxation焊接变形 welding deformation焊接残余变形 welding residual deformation局部变形 local deformation角变形 angular distortion自由变形 free deformation收缩变形 contraction deformation错边变形 mismatching deformation挠曲变形 deflection deformation波浪变形 wave-like deformation火焰矫正 flame straightening反变形 backward deformation焊接力学 welding mechanics断裂力学 fracture mechanics弹塑性断裂变形 elasto-plastic fracture mechanics 线弹性断裂力学 linear elastic fracture mechanics 延性断裂 ductile fracture脆性断裂 brittle fracture工作行程 operational stroke辅助行程 electrode travel/ electrode stroke臂间距离 horn spacing/ throat opening电极臂伸出长度 arm extension摩擦焊 friction welding (FW)转速 friction speed摩擦压力 friction pressure/ heating pressure摩擦转矩 friction torque摩擦时间 friction time摩擦变形量 burn-off length摩擦变形速度 burn-off rate停车时间 stopping time顶锻变形量 forge length顶锻变形速度 forge rate摩擦表面 friction surface储能摩擦焊 fly-wheel type friction welding径向摩擦焊 radial friction welding扩散焊 diffusion welding (DW)过渡液相扩散焊 transient liquid phase diffusion welding热等静压扩散焊 hot isotatic pressure diffusion welding热轧扩散焊 roll diffusion welding扩散缝焊 seam diffusion welding超塑成形扩散焊 supperplastic forming diffusion bounding隔离剂 buttering material爆炸焊 explosive welding (EW) 应力腐蚀开裂 stress corrosion cracking热应变脆化 hot straining embrittlement临界裂纹尺寸 critical crack size裂纹扩展速率 crack propagation rate裂纹张开位移（COD）crack opening displacement 拘束度 restraint intensity拘束系数 restraint coefficient应变速率 strain rate断裂韧度 fracture toughness应力强度因子 stress intensity factor临界应力强度因子 critical stress intensity factors应力腐蚀临界应力强度因子 critical stress intensity factor of stress corrosion crackingJ积分 J-integration罗伯逊止裂试验 Robertson crack arrest testESSO试验 ESSO test双重拉伸试验 doucle tension test韦尔斯宽板拉伸试验Well’s wide plate test帕瑞斯公式 Paris formula断裂分析图 fracture analysis diagram焊接车间 welding shop焊接工作间 welding booth焊接工位 welding post/ welding station焊接环境 welding surroundings焊工 welder电焊工 manual arc welder气焊工 gas welder爆炸点焊 explosive spot welding爆炸线焊 explosive line welding多层板爆炸焊 explosive welding of multiplayer plates多层管爆炸焊 explosive welding of multiplayer tubes覆板（覆管） cladding plat (tube)/ flyer plate (tube) 基板（基管） base plate(tube)/ parent plate (tube) 保护层 buffer/ protector基础 base预置角 preset angle间距 initial stand-off/ spacing装药量 explosive load装药密度 charge density/ loading density质量比 mass ratio平行法 parallel plate configuration角度法 preset angle configuration均匀布药 average arranging explosive梯形布药 gradient arranging explosive爆炸焊参数 explosive welding parameters初始参数 initial parameters动态参数 dynamic parameters界面参数 interface parameters爆轰速度 detonation velocity覆板速度 cladding plate velocity碰撞点 impact point碰撞点速度 velocity of the impact point 焊接检验员 weld inspector焊工培训 welders training焊工模拟训练器 trainer of synthetic weld焊工考试 welder qualification test焊工合格证 welder qualification/ welder qualified certification钢板预处理 steel plate pretreatment喷沙 sand blast喷丸 shot blast矫正 straighten开坡口 bevelling (of the edge)/ chanfering装配 assembly/ fitting安装 erect刚性固定 rigid fixing装配焊接顺序 sequence of fitting and welding焊接工艺评定 welding procedure qualification焊接工艺规程 welding procedure specification焊接工艺试验 welding procedure test焊接工艺卡 welding procedure card工序 operational sequence焊接材料消耗定额 welding consumables quota 焊接工时定额 welder-hour quota清渣 slag removal清根 back gouging/ back chipping锤击 peening返修次数 number of rewelding焊接工作台 welding bench弯折角 bending angle碰撞角 collision angle碰撞压力 impact pressure格尼能 Gurney energy垂直碰撞 normal impact倾斜碰撞 oblique impact/ inclined impact对称碰撞 symmetrical impact来流 upper stream出流 down stream再入射流 re-entrant jet自清理 oneself cleaning结合区 bond zone平面结合 plane bond波状结合 wave-like bond界面波长 length of the interfacial wave界面波幅 amplitude of the interfacial wave熔化层 molten layer熔化袋 molten pocket雷管区 detonator zone边界效应 edge effect焊接性窗口 weldability windows焊着率 ratio of welding area起爆方法 method of initiation内爆法 internal explosion process外爆法 external explosion process半圆柱试验法 semi-cylinder experiment method 超声波焊 ultrasonic welding (UW) 装焊平台 welding platen电磁平台 electromagnetic platen焊接翻转机 welding tilter焊接回转台 floor turnable positioner焊接变位机 positioner焊接滚轮架 turning rolls焊接操作机 manpulator焊工升降台welder’s lifting platform焊接夹具 welding jig/ fixture磁力夹紧器 magnetic jig螺旋推撑器 screw operated tensioning unit焊丝盘绕机 welding wire coiler焊条压涂机 welding electrode extrusion press 红外线加热器 infra-red heater干燥箱 dryer焊条保温筒 thermostat for electrode流量计 flow meterCO2预热器 CO2 heaterCO2干燥器 CO2 desiccator焊接电缆 welding cable电缆夹头 welding connector地线 earth lead地线夹头 earth clamp焊接参数记录仪 welding parameter recorder 焊缝检测规 weld gauge喷嘴通针 tip cleaner测温笔 tempil stick超声波点焊 ultrasonic spot welding超声波缝焊 ultrasonic seam welding超声波点焊机 ultrasonic spot welder超声波缝焊机 ultrasonic seam welder冷压焊 cold pressure welding (CPW)热压焊 hot pressure welding热轧焊 hot roll welding旋弧压力焊 rotating arc pressure welding埋弧压力焊 submerged arc pressure welding电渣压力焊 electroslag pressure welding气压焊 gas pressure welding锻焊 forge-welding/ blacksmith welding磁力脉冲焊 magnetic-pulse welding硬钎焊 brazing软钎焊 soldering烙铁钎焊 iron soldering火焰钎焊 torch brazing/ torch soldering热风钎焊 hot gas soldering感应钎焊 induction brazing电阻钎焊 resistance brazing接触反应钎焊 contact-reaction brazing电弧钎焊 arc brazing浸渍钎焊 dip brazing/ dip soldering盐浴钎焊 saltbath dip brazing (soldering)金属浴钎焊 molten metal bath dip brazing炉中钎焊 furnace brazing/ furnace soldering保护气氛钎焊 brazing in controlled atmosphere 敲渣锤 chipping hammer焊接衬垫 backing/ welding backing保留垫板 fusible backing/ permanent backing 临时垫板 temporary backing焊剂垫 flux backing惰性气体衬垫 inert-gas backing引弧板 run-on tab/ end tab/ starting weld tab 引出板 run-off tab/ end tab定位板 strong-back加强勒 stiffener嵌条 insert套环 ferrule面罩 helmet滤光镜片 filter glass/ welding glass防护镜片 cover glass/ plain glass气焊眼镜 welding goggles焊接机器人 welding robot点焊机器人 spot welding robot弧焊机器人 arc welding robot切割机器人 cutting robot焊接机器人生产线 robot line for welding焊接机器人工作站 welding robot station机器人运动自由 degree of free for robot机器人工作空间 robot working space轨迹重复精度 path repeatability点位重复精度 PTP repeatability焊接专家系统 welding expert system真空钎焊 vacuum brazing蒸气钎焊 vapor phase soldering超声波钎焊 ultrasonic soldering扩散钎焊 diffusion brazing波峰钎焊 flow soldering/ wave soldering分级钎焊 step brazing/ step soldering不等间隙钎焊 brazing with the unparalleled clearance红外线钎焊 infra-red brazing (soldering)光束钎焊 light soldering (brazing)激光钎焊 laser brazing (soldering)电子束钎焊 electron beam brazing钎接焊 braze-welding钎料 brazing filler metal/ solder硬钎料 brazing filler metal软钎料 solder (m)自钎剂钎料 self-fluxing brazing alloy/ self-fluxing filler metal活性钎料 active filler metal/ active metal brazing alloy成形钎料 preformed filler metal/ solder preform 非晶态钎料 amorphous filler metal粉状钎料 powdered filler metal钎料膏 braze cream/ braze paste/ solder cream/ solder paste药皮钎料 flux coated brazing(soldering)rod层状钎料 sandwich filler metal药芯钎料丝 flux-cored colder wire 焊接机器人示数 welding robot play back焊接图象识别 pattern recognition for welding焊接图象处理 welding image processing计算机辅助焊接工艺设计 computer-aided welding process programming (CAWPP)计算机辅助焊接结构设计 computer-aided design for welding structure焊接烟尘 weld fume焊接发尘量 total amount of fumes焊接烟尘浓度 weld fume concentration焊接烟尘容限浓度 threshold limit values of weld fume (TLV)焊接发尘速率 weld fume emission rate焊接有害气体 welding toxic gases/ weld harmful gases 标定卫生空气需要量 nominal hygienic air requirement 焊工尘肺 pheumocomsis of welder焊工锰中毒 chronic occupational manganese poisoning of welder焊工氟中毒 fluorosis of welder焊工金属烟热 metal fume fever of welder电光性眼炎 eye-flash (arc eye)电光性皮炎 electro-photo dermatitis电弧紫外线灼伤 ultraviolet ray burn防电击装置 voltage reducing device除尘装置 dust collection device焊工手套 welding gloves护脚 welding spats防护鞋 shielding shoes敷钎料板 clad brazing sheet钎剂 brazing flux；soldering flux气体钎剂 gas flux反应钎剂 reaction flux松香钎剂 colophony flux；rosin flux钎剂膏 flux paste阻流剂 stopping-off agent钎剂活性 flux activity钎剂活性温度范围 activation temperature range of flux钎剂热稳定性 thermal stability of flux钎焊过程 brazing (soldering) process钎焊操作 brazing (soldering) operation（焊接网 ）工艺镀层 technological coating钎焊面 faying face钎缝间缝 joint gap；joint clearance钎焊参数 brazing process variables钎焊温度 brazing temperature钎焊时间 brazing time钎焊保温时间 holding time of brazing钎缝 brazing seam；soldering seam钎缝界面区 interfacial region钎缝金属 brace metal钎角 fillet钎焊接头 braced joint；soldered joint平面搭接头 joggled lap joint；flush lap joint 焊接欠缺 welding imperfection焊接缺陷 weld defect气孔 blowhole/ gas pore针尖状气孔 pinhole密集气孔 porosity条虫状气孔 wormhole裂纹 crack表面裂纹 surface crack咬边 undercut焊瘤 overlap凹坑 pit烧穿 burn through塌陷 excessive penetration未焊透 incomplete penetration/ lack of penetration 未熔合 lack of fusion/ incomplete fusion未焊满 incompletely filled weld根部凹陷 root concavity电弧擦伤 arc scratch夹渣 slag inclusion夹杂物 inclusion夹钨 tungsten inclusion白点 fish eye/ flake错边 misalignment/ dislocation试件 test piece试样 test specimen无损检验 nondestructive test破坏检验 destructive test搭接对接接头 butt and lap joint搭接T 形接头 lapped T-joint ；flanged T-joint 锁缝接头 folded joint平面锁缝接头 lick side seam joint ；flat lock seam joint锁缝角接接头 lock corner joint ；corner double seam 嵌入T 形接头 inset T joint T 形管接头 branch T saddle joint 套管接头 socket joint外喇叭口套管接头 flare tube fitting 扩口套管接头 spigot joint 钎焊性 brazability ；solderability 润湿性 wettability润湿角 wetting angle ；contact angle 铺展性 spreadability铺展系数 spread factor ；coefficient of spreading 钎着率 brazed rate脱钎 de-brazing ；de-soldering 润湿称量试验 wetting balance test 铺展性试验 spreadability test 填缝性试验 clearance fillability test 未钎透 incomplete penetration 虚钎 cold soldered joint 钎料熔析 liquation of filler metal 溶蚀 erosion钎料流失 brazing filler metal erosion 钎剂夹杂 flux inclusion外观检查 visual examination 超声波探伤 ultrasonic inspection 直射法超声波探伤 straight beam method斜射法超声波探伤 angle beam method 液浸法超声波探伤 immersion method射线探伤 radiographic inspection/ radiography X 射线探伤 X-ray radiographic inspection γ射线探伤 gamma-ray inspectionX 射线工业电视探伤 X-ray industrial television inspection磁粉探伤 magnetic particle inspection电磁探伤 electromagnetic inspection/ eddy current test 探伤灵敏度 flaw detection sensitivity 渗透探伤 penetration inspection 荧光探伤 flurescent penetrant inspection 着色探伤 dye penetrant inspection 密封性检验 leak test 气密性检验 air tight test 枕形气密检验 pillow test 耐压检验 pressure test 水压检验 hydraulic test 气压检验 pneumatic test 液晶检验 liquid crystal test声发射检测 acoustic emission testing 面弯试验 face bend testing 背弯试验 root bend test 侧弯试验 side bend test晶间渗入 intergranular penetration波峰钎焊机 wave soldering machine冷壁真空钎焊炉 cold wall type vacuum brazing 热壁真空钎焊炉 hot wall type vacuum brazing furnace钎焊盒 brazing retort钎剂涂敷器 fluxer钎炬 brazing (soldering) blowpipe喷灯 brazing lamp烙铁 solder iron热喷涂 thermal spraying火焰喷涂 flame spraying电弧喷涂 electric arc spraying等离子喷涂 plasma spraying高频感应喷涂 high frequency spraying气体爆燃式喷涂 detonation flame spraying 横弯试验 horizontal bend test 纵弯试验 axial bend test压扁试验 squeezing testinert-gas-arc-welding 惰性气体弧焊,惰性气体保护焊hard-to-weld 难焊接的可焊性差的weld-all-over 全周焊接，全部焊接V-weld V形坡口(对接)焊缝butt-weld 以对头焊接接合welding 焊接法, 定位焊接U-weld U形(坡口)焊接x-weld X型(坡口)焊缝cast-weld 铸焊,浇注焊接doubleU-weld 双U形坡口焊（焊接网welded rod 焊接篦条；焊接篦条,焊接筛条weld nugget 点焊焊点；点焊焊点,点焊熔核welding terminals 电焊机接线端，电焊机接线端子weld pass 焊接道次；焊接道次,焊接次数scarf weld 斜面焊接, 两端搭接焊, 嵌接焊scarf welding 两端搭接焊, 嵌焊, 斜面焊接atomic-hydrogen welding 核氢焊,核氢焊机,氢原子电弧焊weld area 焊接部位；焊接部位,焊缝区linde welding 林德钢管对焊法,林德钢管对焊法flush weld 齐平焊缝,平焊,削平补强的焊缝 ）tack-weld 点焊，定位焊all-welded 全焊体全焊的oxy-welding (氧)气焊butt-welded 对接焊接的press-welding 压焊，冷焊spot-weld vt 点焊l.w.|lap-welded 搭接焊的 lap-welded 搭接焊的space-welding 间隔焊接weld-edgewise 沿边焊forge-welding 锻焊welding-lead 电焊引线crotch-weld 楔接焊接weld-nut 焊接螺母arc-welding 电弧焊接weld-time 焊接时间welding-position 焊接位置intermittent-weld 断续焊接automatic-welding 自动焊接welding-stress 焊接应力welding-flame 焊接火焰welding-symbol 焊接符号welding-equipment 焊接设备weld-spacing 焊接间距butt-resistance-welding 电阻对焊welding-sequence 焊接顺序autogenous-welding 氩氧锂接welding burner 焊工喷燃器,焊焊枪嘴,焊接喷灯resistance welding 电阻焊，电阻焊接，接触焊接bridge welding 加搭板对接点焊,加搭板对接滚焊welding die 接触板；接触板,凸焊用电极flux-cored welding 管状焊丝电弧焊,药芯焊丝电弧焊welding process 焊接法，焊接过程，焊接方式electropercussive welding 电冲击焊, 电接触焊, 电点焊pressure welding 压焊，压力焊接，加压焊接weld preparation 开焊接坡口，焊接接头准备welding ground 电焊(接)地线，焊接地线unionare welding 磁性焊剂二氧化碳气体爆ず附樱weld together 焊接起来,使结合在一起arc welding 电炉焊接,电弧焊；电弧焊backhand welding 反手焊接,右向焊,后退式气焊intermittent welding 断续焊，间断焊，断续焊接scarf weld 斜面焊接,两端搭接焊,嵌接焊welding powder 焊粉；焊粉,粉状焊接熔剂welding point 焊拉点；焊拉点,焊接位置closed-butt weld 密接对接焊缝,无间隙对接焊缝welding pressure 电极压力,镦粗压力，顶锻压力stick welding 气体保护金属极电弧焊,粘结焊commutator-controlled welding 换向控制焊接,可控整流器焊接horizontal-rolled-position welding 横向滚动位置焊接,滚动水平焊torch welding 气炬焊接，气炬焊扫，气焊welded joint 焊缝，焊接接头，焊接接合tight-weld 密封焊性weld-length 焊缝长度welding-symbols 焊接符号welding-current 焊接电流welding-ground 电焊地线weld-size 焊接尺寸explosive-welding 爆炸焊接welding-source 焊接电源friction-welding 摩擦焊接seam-welding 缝焊,滚焊ultrasonic-welding 超声波焊接bead-weld 珠焊,堆焊horizontal-welding 横焊,平焊forge-welding 锻接,锻焊welding-flux 焊剂,焊料welding-transformer 焊接变压器weld-penetration 熔深,熔透blacksmith-welding 锻接,锻焊forge-weld 锻接,锻焊enclosed-welding 强制成形焊welding 焊接法,粘结weld 焊接,焊接点welding-head 焊头,烙铁头fillet-welding 填角焊,条焊butt-welding 对焊,对接焊forward-welding 前进焊,左焊butt-weld 对接焊,对焊welding generator 电焊发电机，焊接用发电机mash welding 交叉焊条式压薄点焊,压薄滚焊edge weld 边缘焊缝，端焊接，端焊缝field weld 安装焊接装配焊接工地焊接Welding Association 德国焊接技术协会[联邦德国] welding rectifier 电焊整流器，焊接整流器cascade welding 阶梯形多层焊, 串级叠置焊welding station 焊接室；焊接室,焊接台meshed weld 压边焊接焊缝,啮合焊接焊缝single-fillet weld 单边角接焊缝,单面填角焊缝plasma-arc welding 等离子弧焊接,等离子电弧焊girth welding 环缝焊接,环形焊缝焊接TIG welding 钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊TlG-arc welding 钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊air-hydrogen welding 空气-氢焊接submerged-arc welding 焊剂层下焊接beading weld 窄焊缝,珠焊welding bench 焊接工专weld throat 焊缝厚度hf welding 高频焊接welding engineering 焊接工程welding section 焊接断面inverted weld 凹面焊缝jump-welded pipe 对缝焊管intermittent weld 断续焊缝butt-welded tube 对缝焊管forged weld 锻接焊缝block-sequence-welding 多段多层焊接法welded-joint 锻焊缝,锻接头seal-weld 密封焊,封闭焊percussion-welding 冲击焊,储能焊butt-seam-welding 对缝焊,对线焊welding-torch 焊接吹管,焊矩weld-zone 焊接区,焊接处thermit-welding 铝热焊,热剂焊tack-welding 点固焊,平头焊接fusion-welding 熔焊接,熔融焊接backstep-welding 后退焊接,分段退焊welding-force 阻焊加压,电极压力edge-weld 边缘焊接,端接焊接flash-welding 闪光焊接,闪光对焊upset-welding 电阻对焊,镦压焊接welded-pipe 锻接管,压力焊接管backhand-welding 后退焊接,反手焊接tack-weld 定位焊点,点固焊点discontinuous-welding 断续焊接,间断焊接as-welded 熔接状态,焊接状态welding-shop 焊接车间,焊接工场welding-leads 电焊引线,焊机电缆线pulsation-welding 脉冲焊接,多脉冲焊接strength-weld 高强度焊接,强密焊接fillet-welding-joint 填角焊缝接头,角焊接头parallel-welding 直接焊珠焊接,焊珠焊接weld 熔焊,结合；焊接,焊skip weld 间断焊缝welding characteristics 焊接特性weld flaw 焊接缺陷welding deformations 焊接变形welded frame 焊接骨架profection welding 凸出焊接welding department 焊接车间welding strees 焊接应力helical welding 螺旋焊接groove-welded joint 坡口焊缝welding characteristic 焊接性能blacksmiths weld 锻焊接头weld failure 焊缝开裂pipe welding 管路焊接weld hardening 焊接硬化backup weld 封底焊缝weld spatter 焊接飞溅weld metallurgy 焊接冶金back-step welding 分段退焊welding tangs 焊接夹钳frection welding 摩擦焊roll welding 滚压焊butt-welded seam 对焊缝union-melt welding 埋弧焊welding clamp 电焊夹头all-around weld 整周焊缝welding factor 焊接系数welded 熔焊,结合；焊接的welded 熔焊(结合)；焊接的manual-welding 手焊接resistance-welding 电阻焊welding-machine 焊接管weld-line 焊接线welding-heat 焊接热welding-operator 焊接工block-welding 块焊接welding-rod 焊条welding 焊接fusion-weld 熔焊slot-welding 槽焊gas-welding 气焊spot-welding 点焊skip-welding 跳焊smith-welding 锻焊lap-welding 搭焊plug-welding 塞焊flush-weld 平焊flat-welding 平焊manual-weld 手焊electric-welding 电焊spot-weld 焊点slot-weld 槽焊pressure-welding 压焊projection-weld 凸焊weld dressing 清理焊烽welding rules 焊接规则weld crosswise 交叉焊接double-vee weld X形焊缝flash butt-welding 闪光对接焊one-pass weld 联合筑路机full-penetration weld 全焊透焊缝welding gutter 焊管拉模welding crack 焊接裂纹weld cracking 焊缝破裂backing weld 底层焊接backing welding 底层焊接hand welding 手工焊接weld wire 包铜钢丝welding code 焊接规范welding cycle 焊接周期ripple weld 鳞纹焊缝welding mask 焊接面罩weld cycle 焊接周期weld jig 焊接夹具welding atmosphere 焊接气氛welding amperage 焊接电流welding voitage 焊接电压multilayer welding 多层焊接overhead weld 仰焊焊缝welding data 施焊工艺条件flash butt-weld 闪光对接焊缝mig welding 惰性气体保护金属极电极弧焊；米克焊接；金属惰性气体保护焊接,惰性气体保护金属极焊接machine welding 机械焊接，机械化焊接，自动焊接，自动焊，机械(化)焊（焊接网 ）mag welding 活性气体保护金属极焊接；MAG焊,活性气体保护电弧焊welding inspector 焊接工段检验员；焊接工段检验员,焊件检查员tack weld 点住焊，定位焊，定位焊点，定位焊接，钉焊mesh weld 压边焊接焊缝；压边焊接焊缝,啮合焊接焊缝welding head 烙铁头，焊枪，(自动电焊机的)机头，焊机头aircomatic welding 自动调弧氩弧焊, 惰性气体保护金属极弧焊welding outfit 焊接配备；焊接设备,焊机，焊接装置shallow weld 浅熔焊焊缝；浅熔焊焊缝,末焊透焊缝aircomatic welding 自动调弧氩弧焊,惰性气体保护金属极弧焊site welding 安装焊接,工地焊接,现场焊接,安装焊接heliarc welding 海利亚克法焊接；赫利焊接,氦气保welding precaution 焊接预防措施structural welding 建筑结构焊接oxy-hydrogen welding 氢氧焰焊接incomplete-penetration weld 未焊透焊缝sagged weld 成凹陷焊缝directarc welding 直接电弧焊multiple-row weld 多排焊接头girth weld 环形焊缝around weld 周围焊缝gas-welding flame 气焊火焰puddle welding 堆焊,熔焊hammer weld 锻接,锻程plasma welding 等离子焊接welding metallurgy 焊接冶金学welded break 捍接断裂处welding mill 焊管机welding grade 焊接级blacksmith's weld 锻焊缝gas-welding heat 气焊热welding pool 焊接池two-axis welding 双轴焊welding leads 焊接铅vibration welding 振动焊tape welding 带焊接welding shaft 焊接轴gas welded 气焊的welded bridge 焊接桥护焊接sealing weld 封底焊缝，密封焊缝，密封焊，封底焊rod welding 焊条焊,特种成分的焊条作为焊接的填充料back weld 封底焊缝，封底焊背面焊缝，背面焊welding torch 焊接喷灯，焊接吹管，焊炬，气焊嘴welded chert 熔合燧石；玉髓燧石,红色豆粒燧石horizontal welding 横焊，水平焊，水平焊接，横向焊接butt weld 对焊,对接焊缝；对接焊,对头焊缝Sigma welding 惰性气体保护金属极弧焊, 西格马焊接welding regulator 焊接气体减压器，焊接电流调节器spot weld 点焊缝，点焊接(电阻焊的一种) welding converter 焊接变流机；焊接变流机,电焊机wandering welding 分段跳焊；分段跳焊,分散间隔焊series welding 单边多电极焊接, 串焊, 系列焊接flash welding 火花〔电弧,闪光〕焊,电弧对焊接weld porosity 焊缝气孔；焊缝气孔,焊缝孔隙bevel weld 坡口焊缝,铲边焊缝；斜角焊缝welding goggles 焊工护目镜；黑玻璃,滤色玻璃forge welded 锻焊的pipeline welding 管线焊aluminithermic weld 铝热焊接dry weld 干式焊件production weld 制品焊接hydrogen welding 氢焊接。
焊接术语中英文对照
高锰钢堆焊焊条：high manganese steel surfacing electrode
管状焊条：flux-cored electrode
钛铁矿形焊条：ilmenite type electrode
氧化铁型焊条：iron oxide type electrode/ high iron oxide type electrode
高纤维素型焊条：high cellulose (type) electrode
石墨型焊条：graphite type electrode
SAW ——Submerged Arc Welding——埋弧焊
FCAW ——flux cored arc welding——药芯焊丝电弧焊
FCW-G ——gas-shielded flux cored arc welding——气保护药芯焊丝电弧焊
FCW-S——self-shielded flux cored arc welding——自保护药芯焊丝电弧焊
高效率焊条：high efficiency electrode
铁粉焊条：iron powder electrode
重力焊条：gravity electrode
立向下焊条：electrode for vertical down position welding
水下焊条：underwater welding electrode
碱性焊条：basic electrode/ lime type covered electrode
低氢型焊条：low hydrogen type electrode
螺杆零配件英文名大全
螺杆相关专门词汇集合Abrasives, Polishing Belts for Feed Screws Auger ScrewsBall Screws/ BallscrewsBarrel Adapters/End Caps, Injection Barrel Boring MachineryBarrel Heater BandsBarrel Honing-MachineryBarrel JacketsBarrel Resleeving, ExtrusionBarrel Resleeving, InjectionBarrel Resleeving, Twin (Segmented) Barrel Resleeving, Twin ExtrusionBarrel Rupture DiscsBarrel Wear/Alignment Equip.Barrels, BimetallicBarrels, BorescopingBarrels, New NitridedBarrels, New Tool SteelBarrels, New Twin ConicalBarrels, New Twin ParallelBarrels, New, Twin (segmented)Blow Molding Machine RebuildingBlow Molding Machines, ExtrusionBlow Molding Machines, InjectionBlow Molding ProcessorsBlow Molding Trouble Shooting Chrome PlatersControls/InstrumentationConveying Screws/SystemsDryersExpander ScrewsExpeller ScrewsExperts, Consultants, Education & Training Extruder Dies, New & RepairExtruder Drives/MotorsExtruder RebuildingExtruder ScrewsExtruder Trouble ShootingExtruders, Machine, OtherExtruders, Machines, FoodExtruders, Machines, Rubber Extruders, ProcessorsExtruders, Single Screw, Plastic Extruders, Twin ScrewExtruders, Twin, Plastic (Segmented Barrel)Extrusion BarrelsExtrusion Breaker PlatesExtrusion Experts & ConsultantsExtrusion Saw, PullersExtrusion Screen Changers/FiltrationExtrusion ScrewsExtrusion Software, Production Information Systems Extrusion Static MixersFeed Housing/Feeders/HoppersFeed Screw and Barrel Cleaners/PurgingFeed Screw Designers, FoodFeed Screw Designers, OtherFeed Screw Designers, PlasticsFeed Screw Designers, RubberFeed Screw Designers, TimingFeed Screw Gun DrillingFeed Screw Manufacturing SoftwareFeed Screw Milling MachinesFeed Screw Simulation SoftwareFeed Screw Wear/Inspection Equip.Feed Screw, Platings, CoatingFeed Screw, Rebuilding - FeedscrewsFeed Screw/Barrel TreatmentsFeed Screws, Manufacture - FeedscrewsFeed Screws, Segment ShaftsFeed Screws, Segments/Kneading BlocksFeed Screws, Twin RebuildingFeed Screws, Twin, NewGrinders/Grandulators/ShreddersGrinding Wheels for Feed ScrewsHardfacing, Equipment & SuppliesHoning Machinery and Supplies for Barrels Injection Hot RunnersInjection Mold DesignInjection Molders, Processors, MoldersInjection Molding Machine RebuildingInjection Molding Machines, Thermoplastic Injection Molding Machines, ThermosetInjection Molding Trouble ShootingInjection Molds, New & RepairInjection Non-Return V alvesInjection NozzlesInjection Platens, RebuildInjection Tie BarsInjection Toggle Clamp, RebuildJobs, A vailableJobs, WantedLead ScrewsMachinery, SpecialManufacturer RepsMelt Pumps/Gear PumpsMiscPlastics, PolymersProcessing Forums, Books & Web Portals Processing Publications & AssociationsPump ScrewsRecyclers, ProcessorsRecyclers, Processors, Plastic Lumber Rendering ScrewsRolls, Manufacturers-RebuildersRotor type screwsScrew & Barrel Metallurgical Services Screws, Medical, Surgical & BoneScrews, PulpScrews-Worms, Compressor, AirScrews-Worms, FluidSpecialty SteelStatic MixersTemperature ControllersTiming ScrewsWorm ScrewsAdditives, Modifiers and Compounding Archimedes InformationAuger, Information, Advice, Experts-ForumsBall ScrewsBarrel Bore ScopingBarrel V entingBarrelsBlow Molding Information & Advice Compounding, Information, Advice, Experts-Forums ConsultantsConveyor ScrewsExhibitionsExpellersExtruder Melt, Gear PumpsExtruder, CoolingExtruders, ClayExtruders, FoodExtruders, Information, Advice, Experts-Forums Extrusion , Plastic ConsultantsExtrusion diesExtrusion Forums and AdviceExtrusion RollsExtrusion Technical ServicesExtrusion, Aqua FeedExtrusion, BagExtrusion, Biodegradable Packaging Material Extrusion, BrickExtrusion, CeramicExtrusion, CerealExtrusion, CoatingsExtrusion, ConcreteExtrusion, DeckingExtrusion, definitionExtrusion, Education, PlasticsExtrusion, Feed Screw MODELING PROGRAM Extrusion, FiberExtrusion, FilmExtrusion, Fish FeedExtrusion, FoamExtrusion, Food EducationExtrusion, Gear PumpsExtrusion, HeatingExtrusion, MixingExtrusion, PastaExtrusion, Pet foodExtrusion, PipeExtrusion, Plastic, Seminars/Training/Education Extrusion, Plastics, GeneralExtrusion, Polystrene ResinsExtrusion, ProblemsExtrusion, RubberExtrusion, SheetEXTRUSION, SIMULA TIONExtrusion, Trouble shootingExtrusion, Twin ScrewExtrusion, V inyl SidingExtrusion, WaxExtrusion, WoodExtrusion-Pet foodFeed Hoppers/ Feeder ScrewsFeed Screw BreakageFeed screw segments-modular barrelsFeed Screw SoftwareFeed Screw, PicturesFeed Screws and BarrelsFeed Screws, Barrel Coatings and Platings Feed Screws, BarrierFeed Screws, CeramicFeed Screws, DesignsFeed Screws, Tool SteelFood ExtrudersGrooved Feed HousingsHardfacingHIP ProductsInjection Molding/info/education/training Injection ScrewsMixers, IndustrialMoldsPELLETIZINGPlastic LumberPlastic RecyclingPlastic, BottlesPlastic, Injection MoldingPlastic, MagazinesPlastics TrainingPlastics, InformationPowder Coatings-ExtrusionProcess Measurement & Control Purging, Componds, TechniquesScrew Pumps, Positive Displacement Screw Pumps, Progressing Cavity Pumps Screw Pumps, SludgeScrew Pumps-WaterScrew, WormsScrewsScrews, AirScrews, Bulk PowderScrews, PumpScrews, RotaryScrews, TimingScrews, TwinScrews-Medical, Surgical, Bone etc. Tips, nozzles, non return valves。
盾构机常用英语词汇 (基于以色列特拉维夫红线轻轨项目,海瑞克S1026 S1027盾构机)
盾构机常⽤用英语词汇（基于海海瑞克S1026 S1027盾构机，以⾊色列列特拉维夫红线轻轨项⽬目；整理理：项⽬目⾸首席翻译 Chuck Li）英⽂文中⽂文备注1TBM盾构机Tunnel Boring Machine, 国内⼀一帮把软⼟土TBM称盾构机，硬岩掘进机称TBM2EPB Shield ⼟土压平衡式盾构机EPB=Earth Pressure Balance3Steel Construction Shield 钢结构盾体4Front Shield 前盾5hardfacing耐磨堆焊有时也叫 Hardfacing weld6articulation joint 铰接连接7Center Shield/Middle Shield中盾8Tailskin 盾尾9Back-up后配套盾构机的后配套系统，包括注浆、油脂、泡沫等系统10Installed power 装机功率11Theoretical thrust speed 理理论推进速度12Correction Curve Radius 盾构机的转弯半径最⼩小转弯半径13thrust cylinders 主推进油缸14shield articulation cylinders 盾构机中盾铰接油缸主动铰接油缸15Tailskin articulation cylinders盾构机盾尾铰接油缸被动铰接油缸16stroke 油缸⾏行行程17Nominal thrust force 额定推⼒力力18screw conveyor 螺旋输送机19torque扭矩20breakaway torque 起步扭矩（转动扭矩）21Erector管⽚片拼装机22precast concrete segment 混凝⼟土预制管⽚片23grabbing system抓举系统24driveway⾏行行程25Rotational speed 转动速度26rotary angle 转动⻆角度27steel construction cutting wheel钢结构⼑刀盘28open ratio开⼝口率29disc cutter 滚⼑刀30overcutter 超挖⼑刀31track pitch 滚⼑刀轨距32Ripper撕裂⼑刀33bucket周边刮⼑刀34wear detection 磨损探测35sensor传感器器物性传感器器（压⼒力力、流量量、液位）等36transducer 传感器器结构型传感器器（涉及信号转换）37Main drive 主驱动38Motor电机39hydraulic system 液压系统序号40cooling water circuit冷却⽔水⽔水路路41hose drum ⽔水管盘42Foam Installations 泡沫装置43foam generator 泡沫发⽣生器器44Pneumatic system⽓气动系统45compressed-air regulating system⾼高压⻛风调节系统46safety installations安全装置47detector 探测器器48fire extinguisher 灭⽕火器器49water curtain⽔水幕50aerosol extinguishing system⽓气溶胶灭⽕火系统51rescue chamber 救援舱52primary voltage 主电压53secondary voltage ⼆二级电压 54emergency generator 应急发电机55Excavated materials渣⼟土56belt conveyor ⽪皮带输送机57conveyance rate 出⼟土速度58Segment feeder喂⽚片机59crane system and lifting device起重系统和起吊装置60Material crane 材料料吊机61Telescopic crane 伸缩吊机62pivot crane 旋转吊机63segment crane管⽚片吊机英⽂文中⽂文备注序号。
国际焊接工程师复习1
国际焊接工程师（IWE）培训教程国际焊接技术员（IWT）培训教程2006-2007年版基础课部分主课程部分哈尔滨焊接技术培训中心2007年3月国际焊接工程师（IWE）国际焊接技术员（IWT）培训教程（2006-2007年版）编辑委员会主任：解应龙教授级高级工程师委员：王林教授级高级工程师钱强教授级高级工程师陈宇教授级高级工程师朴东光教授级高级工程师徐林刚高级工程师主编：钱强副主编：徐林刚常凤华编写人员（按姓氏笔画排序）：邓义刚、王林、吕同辉、吕适强、陈宇、张宇光、张岩、林伯山、俞韶华、徐林刚、高欣、高洪明、钱强、常凤华、曹红梅、解应龙、潘孚、黎明、戴万福。
各专业课程责任编辑及责任审核：焊接方法及设备：责任编辑常凤华责任审核钱强材料及材料焊接：责任编辑张宇光责任审核徐林刚焊接结构与设计：责任编辑吕同辉责任审核俞韶华焊接生产及应用：责任编辑吕适强邓义刚责任审核王林前言随着国际经济贸易一体化的迅速发展，全球焊接领域越来越需要推广国际化的焊接培训与资格认证体系，包括中国在内的世界各国实现焊接人员按照统一标准进行培训、考试和资格认证，并颁发被各国认可的国际统一证书，必将促进世界各国经济、技术和贸易领域的国际合作。
我国加入这一体系，可以提高我国全行业焊接人员的水平，培养了一批了解、熟悉并掌握国际焊接标准和最新技术的人才，促进我国高校、职业技术学院等焊接人才的培养与国际接轨，为我国焊接企业开展国际企业认证提供人才保证，从而推进企业参与国际竞争，走向国际市场。
国际焊接学会（IIW）于1998年建立世界范围内国际统一的焊接人员培训与资格认证体系，截止到目前，已实现国际焊接工程师（IWE）、国际焊接技术员（IWT）、国际焊接技师（IWS）、国际焊接技士（IWP）、国际焊接质检人员（IWIP) 和国际焊工（IW）六类焊接人员的世界范围内的培训、考试及资格认证的统一。
以上几类人员中，IWE是ISO14731标准（等同于欧洲标准EN719）中所规定的最高层次焊接技术人员和质量监督人员，是与焊接相关企业获得国际产品质量认证的要素之一，可以负责结构设计、生产管理、质量保证、研究和开发等各个领域的焊接技术工作，在企业中起着极其重要的作用。
管件的各种英文缩写完整版
管件的各种英文缩写集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]管件的各种英文缩写管道英文缩写AAnchor固定ABS*Absolute绝对的AISI*AmericanIronandSteelInstitute美国钢铁学会ANSI*AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute美国国家标准学会API*AmericanPetroleumInstitute美国石油学会APPROX*Approximate大约，近似的ASBAsbestos石棉ASME*AmericanSocietyOfMechanicalEngineers美国机械工程师协会ASSY*Assembly装配，组装ASTM*AmericanSocietyOfTestingMaterial美国材料实验协会ATM*Atmosphere大气压AWG*AmericanWireGage美国线规AWS*AmericanWel****Society美国焊接协会AWWA*AmericanWaterWorksAssociation美国水工协会BBBBoltedBonnet栓柱连接的阀盖BBByBuyer买方供货B-BBeveledEnd-BeveledEnd两端为坡口端BCBoltCircle螺栓中心圆B.CBoltedCover(cap)螺栓连接的阀兰盖（帽）BEBeveledEnd(forwel****)坡口（焊接用）B.EBellEnd承口BEPBothEndsPlain两端平BETBothEndsThreaded两端带螺纹BLBatteryLimit装置区边界BFBlindFlange盲板法兰BLDBlind盲板BLDG*Buil****建筑物BMBillOfMaterial材料表BOPBottomOfPipe管底B-PBeveledEnd—PlainEnd坡口端.平端BVButterflyvalve蝶阀BWG*BirminghamWireGage伯明翰线规BWButtWeld对焊CCCap管帽C-CCentertoCenter中至中C-ECentertoEnd中至端面C-FCentertoFace中至面CH-OPChainOperated链条操纵的CH.PLCheckeredPlate花纹钢管C.I*CastIron铸铁CL*Class英制压力等级，等级，种类CLEARClearance间隙CODContinuedonDrawing接续图COL*Column柱，塔CONCConcentric同心的CONNConnection连接，接口CONT*Continue连续CONT.V.ControlValve控制阀CPLGCoupling管接头，连轴节C.R.ConcentricReducer同心异径管C.S.*CarbonSteel碳钢C.S.ColdSpring冷紧CUSTCustomer客C.VCheckValve止回阀DDEG*Degree度DFDrainfunnel排液漏斗DIA*Diameter直径DIM*Dimension尺寸DISCH*Discharge出口，排出DiaphragmVELVE 隔膜阀DMFDoubleMaleAndFemale双重凹凸DNNorminalDiameter公称直径DNDown下DRDrain排液DSDirectionalStop定向限为架DWG*Drawing图EE*East东ECExternalCoating外面涂防腐层ECCEccentric偏心EFWElectricFusionWelded电容焊的EL(ELEV)*Elevation标高；立面ELLElbow弯头EQIOPEquipment设备，装置EQUIVEquivalent相当的E.R.EccentricReducer偏心异经管ERWElectricResistanceWelded电阻焊的EWEyeWasher&Shower洗眼器及淋浴器EXP.JTExpansionJoint膨胀节FFDNFoundation基础FFFlatFacedOrFullFaced全平面；满平面F-FFaceToFace面至面FGWFusionGasWel****气熔焊FIG*Figure 图FLFloor楼面FLEXTUBEFlexibleTube挠性管FLGFlange法兰FLGDFlanged法兰式的FLGFFlangedFace法兰面FOBFlatOnBottom 底面平FOTFlatOnTop顶面平FPFixPoint固定点FSForgedSteel锻钢FTFFittingToFitting管件直连FTGFitting管件FURNDFurnished提供的，装设的FWFieldWeld现伤焊GGGuide导向GA*Gage表，表压，规（线规）GALV*Galvanize镀锌GLGroundLevel地面GLVGlobeValve截止阀GEAROPGearOperated齿轮传动的GMAWGasMetalArcWel****金属极惰气体保护焊GSKTGasket垫片GTAW(Inert)GasTungstenArcWel****惰性气体保护钨极电弧焊GVGateValve闸阀HHHanger吊架HCHoseConnection软管接头H.CPLGHalfCoupling半节管接头HDRHeader总管HEX*Hexagon六角形HFHardAlloyFaceon阀内件（阀心）为ValveTrim硬质合金密封面HHHandHole手孔HORHorizontal水平的H.P*HighPressure高压HSHoseStation软管IID*InsideDiameter内径IN*Inch英寸INSInsulation隔热INSTInstrument仪表INVInvert(insidebottomofpipe)管子内底IPSIronPipesize铁管尺寸ISOIsometricDrawing周测图（空视图）ISNSInsidescrew&Non-risingStem内螺纹非升杆ISRSInsidescrew&Risingstem内螺纹升杆JJTJoint接头JSJackScrew顶开（起）螺栓LLCLockedClosed在关闭状态下锁定LEPLargeendplain大端为平的LETLargeendThreaded大端带螺纹LGLong长LGFLensGasketFace透镜垫连接面LIFTLiftType升降式LJLapJoint搭接LJFLapJointFlange松套法兰LOLockedOpen在开启状态下锁定L.P.LowPressure低压LRLongRadius长半径LRELongRadiusElbow长半径弯头LTGLargeTongue&Groove大椎槽MMATLMaterial材料MAXMaximum最大MBMachineBolt机器螺栓（单头）MFMaleandFemale凸和凹MFGManufacture制造MF*Manufacture制造厂MHManhole人孔MIMalleableIron可锻铸铁MIN*Minimum最小MJMechanicalJoint机械接头M.LMatchLine连续线MSS*ManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittingsIndustry,Inc.美国阀门和管件制造商标准化协会MTOMaterialtake-off材料统计MWMinimumWall最小壁厚M.W.MineralWool矿（物）棉NN*North北NBNominalBore公称孔径N.B.Non-Bonnet无阀盖NCNormallyClosed常闭NIPNipple短管NONormallyOpen;常开*Number号；数量NOINSNoInsulation不隔热NOMNominal公称的；额定的NOZNozzle管口NPSNominalPipeSize公称管径NPSHNetPositiveSuctionHead净正吸入压头NPT*AmericanNationalTaper美国锥管螺纹PipeThreadNSNominalSize公称直径NVNeedleValve针形阀OOD*OutsideDiameter外径OETOneendThreaded一端带螺纹OROutsideRadius外半径ORFOrifice孔板ORIENTOrientation方位OS&YOutsideScrewandYoke 外螺纹阀杆和阀轭OSNBOutsideScrewNon-Bonnet外螺纹无阀盖PPPlug堵头PAPPipingArrangementPlan管道布置平面图PBPressureSealBonnet压力密封的阀盖P-BPlainEnd–BevelEnd平端—坡口端PCPressureSealCap压力密封的阀帽PEPlainEnd(notbeveled)平端（无坡口）PFPlatform平台PIDPiping&InstrumentDiagram管道及仪表流程图PN*NominalPressure 公称压力PNPlantNorth工厂北向POSpointofSupport支承点P-PPlainEnd—PlainEnd两端为平端PREPPreparation加工准备PSIA*PoundsPerSquareInchAbsolute磅/PSIGPoundsPerSquareInchGage磅/PTPoint点PTFE*Polytetrafluoroethylene聚四氟乙烯PT.NOPartNo.件号PVPlugValve旋塞阀PVC*PolyVinylChloride聚氯乙烯QQTY*Quantity数量RR*Radius半径REDReducer异径管REFReference参考REINFReinforce加强REQDRequired需要；申请REV*Revision修改RFRaisedFace凸面RGRingGasket环形垫片RJRingJoint环垫接头RORestrictionOrifice限流孔板RPM*RevolutionsPerMinute转/分RPS*RevolutionsPerSecond转/秒RSRestingSupport支承架，滑动架RTJRingTypeJoint（见RJ）RVReliefValve安全泄液阀SS*South南SSpring弹簧（管架用）SAW(Automatic)SubmergedArcWel****自动埋弧焊SBStudBolt双头螺栓SBScrewedBonnet螺纹阀盖SCSampleCooler取样冷却器SCH*Schedule管壁厚系列号SCRDScrewed螺纹SEPSmallendPlain小端为平的SETSmallendThreaded小端带螺纹SFSemi-Finished半光SGSightGlass视镜SHSurfaceHardFacing硬质密封面SKSketch草图SMAWShieldedMetalArcWel****有保护的金属电弧焊SMLSSeamless无缝SNSwagedNipple异径短管SOSlip–On滑套SOFSlip–OnFlange滑套法兰SPEC*Specification规定，说明SPLSoundPressureLever升压水准SQ*Square方的，平方SRShoutRadius短半径SREShortRadiusElbow短半径弯头SS*StainlessSteel不锈钢STSteamTrap蒸汽疏水阀STD*Standard标准STGSmallTongue&Groove小椎槽面STL*Steel钢STMSteam 蒸汽STM.TRSteamTracing蒸汽拌热SUCTSuction吸入口SVSafetyValve安全泄气阀SWSocketWeld承插焊SWGSwage锻造，模锻SWMGSwingType旋启式SYMSymmetrical对称的TTTee三通TEThreadedEnd螺纹端TEMP*Temperature温度TGTongue&Groove椎槽THD*Threaded螺纹的THK*Thickness厚度TLTangentLine切线TNTrueNorth真实北向TOCTopofConcrete混凝土北向TOPTopofpipe管顶TOSTopofSupport支架顶面TopofSteel钢结构顶面TYPTypical典型的UUBUnionBonnet带活接头的阀盖UCUnionCap带活接头的阀帽UNUnion活接头VVValve阀VACVacuum真空VARVariable可变的VERTVertical垂直的VOL*Volume 卷，册，容量，体积WW*West西WBWeldBranch焊接支管WCWeldCap焊接管帽WDWidth宽度WEWeldEnd焊接端WLWel****Line焊接线WNWel****Neck对焊法兰（颈部）WNFWeldNeckFlange对焊法兰WPWorkingPressure工作压力W.P.WorkingPoint工作点WTWallThickness壁厚Weight重量XXHExtraHeavy加强的，加厚的XXHDoubleExtraHeavy双倍加强（厚）的XSExtraStrong加强的XXSDoubleExtraStrong双倍加强的YYPYieldPoint屈服点。
焊接专业英汉词典1
焊接专业英汉词典（1）usion weldingressure welding程 welding process术 welding technique艺 welding technology/procedure作 welding operation序 welding sequence向 direction of welding置 welding position序 build-up sequence/deposition sequence角 weld slope/inclination of weld axis（焊接网 ）角 weld rotation/angle of rotation置 flat position of welding置 horizontal position of welding置 vertical position of welding置 overhead position of weldingownhand welding/flat position weldingorizontal position weldingertical position weldingverhead position welding焊 all position welding焊 vertical down welding/downward welding in the vertical焊接裂纹 weld crack焊缝裂纹 weld metal crack焊道裂纹 bead crack弧坑裂纹 crater crack热影响区裂纹 heat-affected zone crack纵向裂纹 longitudinal crack横向裂纹 transverse crack微裂纹 micro-crack；micro-fissure热裂纹 hot crack凝固裂纹 solidification crack晶间裂纹 intercrystalline crack穿晶裂纹 transcrystalline crack多边化裂纹 polygonization crack液化裂纹 liquation crack失延裂纹 ductility-dip crack冷裂纹 cold crack延迟裂纹 delayed crack氢致裂纹 hydrogen-induced crack焊道下裂纹 underbead crack焊根裂纹 root crack焊趾裂纹 toe crack锯齿形裂纹 chevron cracking消除应力处理裂纹 stress relief annealing crack (SR crackn焊 vertical up welding/upward welding in the verticalninclined position weldingupward welding in the inclined positiondownward welding in the inclined positionbutt weldingillet weldinglap weldingfillet welding in the downhand position/fillet welding in t positionhorizontal fillet weldingfillet welding in the vertical positionfillet welding in the overhead positiongroove welding口对接焊 square butt welding坡口焊 flare groove weldingflanged edge welding接 welding of longitudinal seam接 welding of transverse seam接 girth welding/ circumferential焊接 welding of spiral seam/welding of helical seam接焊 butt welding of circumferential seamtack welding再热裂纹 reheat crack焊缝晶间腐蚀 weld intercryctalline corrosion刀状腐蚀 knife line attack敏化区腐蚀 weld decay层状撕裂 lamellar tearing焊接性试验 weldability裂纹试验 cracking testIIW裂纹试验 IIW cracking testY形坡口裂纹试验 slit type cracking test分块形槽热裂纹试验 segmented circular groove cracking te H形裂纹试验 H-type cracking test鱼骨形裂纹试验 fishbone cracking test指形裂纹试验 finger (cracking) testT形裂纹试验 Tee type cracking test环形槽裂纹试验 circular-groove cracking test可调拘束裂纹试验 varestraint testBWRA奥氏体钢裂纹试验 BWRA cracking test for austenitie s 圆棒裂纹试验 bar type cracking test；round bar cracking 里海裂纹试验 Lehigh restraint cracking test圆形镶块裂纹试验 circular-path cracking test十字接头裂纹试验 cruciform cracking testZ向窗口拘束裂纹试验 Z-direction window type restraint cr testG-BOP焊缝金属裂纹试验 G-BOP weld metal crack testwelding by one sidewelding by both sidessingle pass welding/single run weldingmulti-pass weldingsingle layer weldingmulti-layer welding层焊 block sequence/ block welding道焊 multi-layer and multi-pass weldingcontinuous weldingintermittent weldingbacking weldback sealing weldcosmetic weldingdeep penetration weldingwelding with weaving/weave bead weldingforeward welding (英国)/ forehand welding (美国) backward welding(英国)/ backhand welding(美国) 焊 backstep weldingkip weldingbalanced welding/ balanced welding sequenceleftward welding forehand weldingrightward welding/backhand weldingwhipping methodautomatic welding 巴特尔焊道下裂纹试验 Battelle type underbead cracking te U形拉伸试验 U-tension test缪雷克期热裂纹试验 Murex hot cracking test菲斯柯裂纹试验 FISCO (type) cracking testCTS裂纹试验 controlled thermal severity拉伸拘束裂纹试验（TRC试验） tensile restraint cracking te 刚性拘束裂纹试验（RRC试验） rigid restraint cracking test 插销试验 implant testTigamajig 薄板焊接裂纹试验 Tigamajing thin plate crackin 焊道纵向弯曲试验 longitudinal-bead test柯麦雷尔弯曲试验 Kommerell bead bend test肯泽尔弯曲试验 Kinzel test缺口弯曲试验 notch bend test热朔性试验 hot-ductility test热影响区冲击试验 impact test of HAZ热影响区模拟试验 synthetic heat-affected zone test最高硬度试验 maximum hardness test落锤试验 NRL (Naval Research Laboratory)测氢试验 Hydrogen test焊接材料、电极焊接材料 welding consumables电极 electrode熔化电极 consumable electrode不熔化电极 nonconsumable electrodemanual welding/hand welding接 shop welding接 site welding(英国)/ field welding (美国) 接 restraint weldingurfacing/building up/overlaying堆焊 buttering边焊 boxing/end returnreweldingepair weldinglug weldinglot weldingwelding with backing焊 welding with flux backing焊 narrow-gap welding形焊 enclosed welding弧焊 pulsed are welding焊 arc spot weldingstud weldinghot gas weldinghigh grade energy welding接 solid-state welding双面成形 one-side welding with back formation 件 welding condition艺参数 welding parameter 钨电极 tungsten electrode焊丝 welding wire. Welding rod实心焊丝 solid wire渡铜焊丝 copper-plating welding wire自保护焊丝 self-shielded welding wire药芯焊丝 flux-cored wire复合焊丝 combined wire堆焊焊丝 surfacing welding rod填充焊丝 filler wire焊条 electrode/ covered electrode焊芯 core wire药皮 coating (of an electrode)/ covering (of an electrod 涂料 coating flux/coating material造气剂 gas forming constituents造渣剂 slag forming constituents合金剂 alloying constituent脱氧剂 dioxidizer稳弧剂 arc stabilizer粘接剂 binder水玻璃 water glass水玻璃模数 modules of water glass酸性焊条 acid electrode高钛型焊条 high titania (type) electrode钛钙型焊条 lime titania type electrodeolaritylectrode negative/straight polaritylectrode positive/reversed polarity式 manipulation of electrode流 welding current流增加时间 welding current upslope time流衰减时间 welding current downslope time度 current density流 short circuit current流 pulse level/pulse current level流幅值 pulse current amplitude流 background level率 pulse frequency接电流占空比 duty cycle of pulse duration压 arc voltage电压 reignition voltage度 welding speed度 rate of travel/travel speed度 wire feed rateheat input/energy inputheat inputreheatostheat处理 posweld heat treatment/postheat treatment 钛铁矿形焊条 ilmenite type electrode氧化铁型焊条 iron oxide type electrode/ high iron oxide electrode高纤维素型焊条 high cellulose (type) electrode石墨型焊条 graphite type electrode碱性焊条 basic electrode/ lime type covered electrode 低氢型焊条 low hydrogen type electrode高韧性超低氢焊条 high toughness super low hydrogen elect 奥氏体焊条 austenitic electrode铁素体焊条 ferritic electrode不锈钢焊条 stainless steel electrode珠光体耐热钢焊条 pearlitic heat resistant steel electrod 低温钢焊条 low temperature steel electrode/ steel electr low temperature铝合金焊条 aluminum alloy arc welding electrode铜合金焊条 copper-alloy arc welding electrode铜芯铸铁焊条 cast iron electrode with steel core纯镍铸铁焊条 pure nickel cast iron electrode球墨铸铁焊条 electrode for welding spheroidal graphite ca 铸芯焊条 electrode with cast core wire镍基合金焊条 nickel base alloy covered electrode蒙乃尔焊条 Monel electrode纯铁焊条 pure iron electrode渗铝钢焊条 alumetized steel electrode度 preheat temperature度 interpass temperature了温度 finishing temperature度 postheating temperature出长度 wire extensionrc length度 melting rate间 melting time数 melting coefficient度 rate of deposition/deposition rate数 deposition coefficient率 deposition efficiency数 loss coefficientatterspatter loss coefficientfusion ratioilutionrate of dilution度系数 transfer efficiency/recovery (of an element) roovegroove face角度 angle of bevel (英国)/ bevel angle (美国)度 included angle(英国)/groove angle(美国)度 groove depth 高效率焊条 high efficiency electrode铁粉焊条 iron powder electrode底层焊条 backing welding electrode深熔焊条 deep penetration electrode重力焊条 gravity electrode立向下焊条 electrode for vertical down position welding 节能焊条 saving energy electrode水下焊条 underwater welding electrode耐海水腐蚀焊条 seawater corrosion resistant steel electr 低尘低毒焊条 low-fume and harmfulless electrode/ low-fum low-toxic electrode堆焊焊条 surfacing electrode耐磨堆焊焊条 hardfacing electrode钴基合金堆焊焊条 cobalt base alloy surfacing electrode 碳化钨堆焊焊条 tungsten carbide surfacing electrode高锰钢堆焊焊条 high manganese steel surfacing electrode 双芯焊条 twin electrode绞合焊条 stranded electrode编织焊条 braided electrode双层药皮焊条 double coated electrode管状焊条 flux-cored electrode气渣联合保护型药皮 semi-volatile covering焊条工艺性 usability of the electrode/ technicality of t electrodeoot face度 thickness of root face/width of root face隙 root gap(英国)/root opening (美国)径 root radius/groove radius边 root edge度 height of flange径 radius of flange口 single groove口 double groove式 groove type口 square groove口 single V groove口 single V groove with root face坡口 double Vgroove with root faceU形坡口 single U groove双U形坡口 double U groove口 single compound angle grooveJ形坡口 single J groove双J形坡口 double J groove形坡口 single bevel groove坡口 double V groove双V形坡口 asymmetric double V grooveV形坡口 double bevel groove/K grooveV形坡口 V groove with backing/ single V groove with backing焊条使用性 running characteristics of an electrode/ oper characteristics of an electrode焊条熔化性 melting characteristics of an electrode焊条直径 core diameter焊条偏心度 eccentricity (of an electrode)药皮重量系数 gravity coefficient of coating焊条药皮含水量 percentage of moisture for covering焊条夹吃持端 bare terminal (of an electrode)焊条引弧端 striking end (of an elcetrode)焊剂 welding flux/ flux熔炼焊剂 fused flux粘结焊剂 bonded flux烧结焊剂 sintered flux/ agglomerated flux窄间隙埋弧焊焊剂 flux for narrow-gap submerged arc weldi 低氢型焊剂 low hydrogen type flux高速焊剂 high speed welding flux无氧焊剂 oxygen-free flux低毒焊剂 low poison flux磁性焊剂 magnetic flux电弧焊 arc welding直流电弧焊 direct current arc welding交流电弧焊 alternating current arc welding三相电弧焊 three phase arc welding熔化电弧焊 arc welding with consumable坡口 flare groove口 single bevel groove with backing locked 边 tapered edgeeldeam号 welding symbol属 weld metal属 filler metal属 deposited metal面 weld face/ face of weld面 back of weld线 axis of weld寸 size of weld度 weld width/ width of weld度 weld length/ length of weld效长度 effective length of weld度 throat depth/ throat thickness算厚度 theoretical throat际厚度 actual throatenetration/ depth of penetration形 appearance of weld形系数 form factor of weldeinforcement/ excess weld metal 金属极电弧焊 metal arc welding不熔化极电弧焊 arc welding with nonconsumable 碳弧焊 carbon arc welding明弧焊 open arc welding焊条电弧焊 shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) 重力焊 gravity welding躺焊 fire cracker welding电弧堆焊 arc surfacing自动堆焊 automatic surfacing躺板极堆焊 surfacing by fire cracker welding 带极堆焊 surfacing with band-electrode振动电弧堆焊 vibratory arc surfacing耐磨堆焊 hardfacing高 root reinforcement缝 flush weld/ weld machined flush缝 butt weldfilleteg/ fillet weld leg断面形状 profile of fillet weld焊缝 flat fillet焊缝 convex fillet weld焊缝 concave fillet weld凹度 concavity焊缝 side fillet weld/ fillet weld in parallel shear 焊缝 front fillet weld/ fillet weld in normal shear 缝 fillet weld in the vertical position缝 fillet weld in the horizontal position缝 fillet weld in the flat position网 ）缝 oblique fillet weld缝 continuous weld缝 intermittent weld焊缝 continuous fillet weld焊缝 intermittent fillet weld续角焊缝 staggered intermittent fillet weld续角焊缝 chain intermittent fillet weld缝 edge weld缝 flanged edge weld缝 plug weld缝 longitudinal weld缝 transverse weld缝 girth weld/ circumferential weld焊缝 spiral weld/ helical weld缝 seal weld缝 strength weld缝 connective weld缝 tack weldead/ run/ passippleeld root/ root of weldeld toe/ toe道 sealing run (after making main weld)/ back weld 道 backing weld (before making main weld)/ back weld 道 root pass/ root run道 filling bead道 cosmetic bead/ cover pass道 temper bead/ annealing bead道 penetration beadayer头 welded joint状 joint geometry配接头 equalmatching weld joint配接头 undermatching weld joint配接头 overmatching weld joint部 root of joint头 butt joint接接头 square butt joint接接头 single V butt joint接接头 single U butt joint口接头 single J butt joint对接接头 double V butt jointV形对接接头 double bevel butt joint/ K groove butt joint U形对接接头 double U butt jointJ形坡口接头 double J joint头 corner joint头 T joint接头 inclined T joint头 cruciform joint/ cross-shaped joint头 joint among three members头 lap joint头 muff joint/ sleeve joint接头 double strapped joint头 strapped joint头 edge joint头 flanged edge joint接接头 lock butt joint接头 oblique butt joint头 mixed joint/ composite joint接头 open joint接头 closed joint弧 welding arc态 arc shape理行为 arc physics behaviourtriking arc压 striking voltage氛 arc atmosphereathodehot cathodecold cathode点 cathode spotcathode region电场强度 intensity of the electric field in the cathode降 cathode dropnode点 anode spot力 spot pressureanode region电场强度 intensity of the electric field in the anode region降 anode droprc column/ arc stream降 voltage drop in arc column位梯度 potential gradient in the arc column rc flamerc coreforceful arc/ hard arcsoft arc弧 rotating arc弧 pulsed arc射电弧 pulsed spray arc象 puckering phenomena弧 puckering arc界电流 puckering critical current弧 indirect arc弧 compressive arc弧 magnetic controlling arcarc forceelectromagnectic force缩效应 pinch effect移 wandering of arc定性 arc stability特性 static characteristic of arc特性 dynamic characteristic of arc压原理 principle of minimum voltage 度 arc stiffness吹 arc blowmagnetic blow理作用 cleaning action of the cathode 身调节 arc self-regulation用 digging action应 polarity effectroplet表面积 specific surface of droplet渡 metal transfer率 transition frequency渡 globular transfer；drop transfer 渡 short circuiting transfer渡 spray transfer射过渡 rotating spray transfer射过渡 pulsed spray transfer渡 explosive transfer渡 flux wall guided transferolten pool熔池 boiling molten poolraterlaglag system图 slag system diagrambasic slagacid slagasicitycidityong slaghort slag渣 viscous slag型熔渣 oxide melting slag渣 salt melting slag物型熔渣 salt-oxide melting slag动性 fluidity of the slag；slag fluidityolidified slag渣 porous slag焊渣 vitreous slag落焊渣 self-releasing slagslag detachability备 welding equipment；welding setelding machine；welderelectric welding machine；electric welder源 welding power source循环 weld thermal cycle度场 field of weld temperature；weld temperature field 温度场 quasi-stationary temperature field源 welding heat sourcepoint heat sourcelinear heat sourceplane heat source中热源 instantaneous concentration heat source thermal efficiency中系数 coefficient of heat flow concentration 度 peak temperature却速度 momentary cooling rate间 cooling time化 substitutionary oxydation化 diffusible oxydationesoxydation氧 precedent desoxydation氧 diffusible desoxydation氧 precipitation desoxydationdiffusible hydrogen散氢 initial diffusible hydrogen余扩散氢diffusible hydrogen remained at 100℃ residual hydrogenehydrogenation处理 heat treatment for dehydrogenation esulphurizationephosphorizationalloying金化 microalloying晶组织 primary solidification structure晶组织 secondary solidification structure晶 epitaxial solidification晶形态 solidification mode in weld-bead状线 ripple边界 polygonization boundary均线速度 mean solidification rate素体 acicular ferrite素体 lath ferrite铁素体 ferrite side-plate素体 grain boundary ferrite；polygonal ferrite；ectoid ferrite氏体 granular bainite氏体 lath martensite织 overheated structure织 Widmannst?tten structure元 martensite-austenite constituent效分析 failure analysis of weldments据 criterion of cold cracking感系数 cold cracking susceptibity coefficient 度区间 brittle temperature rangeydrogen embrittlement析 lamellar segregationealing effect相 fractographyracture口 ductile fracture口 dimple fracture口 brittle fracture口 cleavage fracture断口 quasi-cleavage fracture解理断口 hydrogen-embrittlement induced 口 intergranular fracture口 transgranular fracture口 fatigue fracture断口 glide plane fracture貌 fracture apperance验 fracture test口分析 macrofractographyradical zonefibrous zone区 shear lip aoneweldability接性 service weldability接性 fabrication weldability接性 metallurgical weldability性 thermal weldabilityase metal；parent metalweld zones-welded (AW)化区 fusion zone区 partial melting region区 unmixed zonebond areaweld junction (英)；bond line (美)区 heat-affected zone (HAZ)overheated zonecoarse grained regionfine grained regiontransition zonehardened zonecarbon equivalentchromium equivalentnickel equivalent组织图 Schaeffler's diagram织图Delong’s diagram却转变图（CCT图） continuous cooling transformation 感性 cracking sensibility。
Hardfacing for milled tooth drill bits
专利名称：Hardfacing for milled tooth drill bits发明人：Dah-Ben Liang,Alysia White,GregLockwood,Anthony Griffo申请号：US10108965申请日：20020328公开号：US06782958B2公开日：20040831专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要：In one embodiment, a hardfacing composition for a drill bit, including a carbide phase including from about 50% to about 80% by weight of the hardfacing composition of a combination of 80 to 200 mesh macro-crystalline tungsten carbide and 80 to 200mesh crushed cast carbide, the crushed cast carbide being about 5% to 50% of the total weight of the carbide phase, and a binder alloy comprising about 20% to about 50% by weight of the hardfacing composition is disclosed. A hardfacing composition for a drill bit, including a carbide phase composed of sintered tungsten carbide having a particle size from about 80 to 200 mesh that is about 50% to about 80% by weight of the hardfacing composition, and a binder alloy forming about 20% to about 50% by weight of the hardfacing composition.申请人：SMITH INTERNATIONAL, INC.代理机构：Osha & May L.L.P.更多信息请下载全文后查看。
堆焊的应用原理方法有哪些
堆焊的应用原理方法有哪些1. 什么是堆焊堆焊（Hardfacing）是一种应用于金属和合金材料上的焊接工艺，通过在表面上添加一层耐磨、耐腐蚀或其他特殊性能的合金材料，以提高材料的使用寿命、抗磨损能力和耐蚀性。
堆焊广泛应用于工业领域，包括矿山设备、冶金设备、石油化工设备以及交通工具等领域。
2. 堆焊的原理堆焊的原理是将特殊合金材料通过焊接工艺添加到金属基体上。
通过熔化并冷却的过程，使合金材料与金属基体形成牢固的结合。
这种结合能够提供增强的耐磨、耐腐蚀和抗冲击性能。
3. 堆焊的应用方法以下是堆焊的常见应用方法：3.1 热喷涂法热喷涂法是将熔融的金属或合金，通过喷涂枪喷射到金属基体上，形成一层涂层的方法。
这种方法适用于涂层要求较薄，且要求涂层与金属基体结合较好的情况。
3.2 电弧堆焊法电弧堆焊法是将特殊合金材料作为焊丝供应，通过电弧加热使其熔化，并与金属基体结合。
这种方法适用于需要较厚的涂层，并且对涂层质量有较高要求的情况。
3.3 前热堆焊法前热堆焊法是在堆焊之前，对金属基体进行加热处理。
这种方法可以改善涂层与金属基体的结合强度，减少应力和变形。
3.4 冷堆焊法冷堆焊法是一种无热堆焊方法，它使用具有粘附性的特殊粘合剂和颗粒填料，通过机械挤压形成堆焊层。
这种方法适用于高温环境下对基体材料的保护。
3.5 自熔堆焊法自熔堆焊法是将堆焊材料填充到坑、凹槽或缺陷处，然后对其进行熔化和冷却的方法。
这种方法适用于修复已经存在的缺陷或损坏。
4. 堆焊的应用领域堆焊可应用于以下领域：•矿山设备：矿山机械设备常受到磨损和冲击，堆焊可增加其寿命和耐久性。
•冶金设备：堆焊可提高冶金设备的耐火性能和耐腐蚀性能。
•石油化工设备：堆焊可增加石油化工设备的耐腐蚀能力和耐高温性能。
•交通工具：堆焊可提高交通工具的耐磨损性能和强度。
5. 堆焊的优点堆焊具有以下优点：•可以在原材料的基础上增加特殊性能，无需改变整体材料结构。
•可以根据不同工况和需求选择不同的堆焊方法和材料。
焊接常用术语及定义
电弧缝焊arc seam weld 采用电弧焊方法焊成的缝形焊缝。
电弧点焊arc spot weld 采用电弧焊方法焊成的点状焊缝。
弧伤arc strike 由于疏忽大意，使电能在完成的焊缝（或母材）表面与焊条或磁探头（电流源）之间通过，从而发生电弧，造成在完成的焊缝（或母材）的外形轮廓上的任何烧伤。
螺柱弧焊arc stud swelding 一种弧焊方法。
此法在金属螺柱（或类似零件）和另一工件之间引发电弧，直至被连接的表面受到适当加热，然后再以压力使两者接合起来。
在螺柱外围加一陶瓷护套，可以获得适当的部分保护。
焊剂或保护气体可用可不用。
电弧焊arc welding 电弧焊是指某一焊接方法群，此焊接方法群是以单弧或多弧加热的办法来实现接合，填充金属可用可不用，外加压力亦可用可不用。
焊态as-welded 焊缝金属、焊接接头和焊件，在焊接后未接受任何后续处理例如热处理、机械处理或化学处理之前的状态。
自动焊automatic welding 采用施焊时间无需焊接操作工调节控制钮的机器进行的焊接。
这类焊机可以也可以不执行装卸工件的工作，参见机动焊。
背面清根back gouging 从一个部分焊接的接头的另一面清除一些焊缝金属和母材，以保证从这一面作后续焊接时能完全焊透。
后焊法backhand welding 焊炬或焊枪的指向与焊接方向相反的一种焊接技术。
衬垫backing 为了支撑熔化的焊接金属在焊接接头的根部放置一材料。
背面气体backing gas 采用氩、氦、氮或活性气体之类，从焊接接头根部的背面（与焊接侧相反的一面）排除氧气。
母材base metal 被焊接的或被切割的金属。
熔合线bond line, fusion line 见fusion line 对接接头butt joint 在近乎同一的平面内对装在一起的两元件之间的接头。
堆焊缓冲层buttering 堆焊缓冲层是指在接头准备作最终焊接前，预先在接头的一个（或两个）侧面堆焊一层（或多层）焊缝金属，以便为后续焊接提供适当的过渡层熔敷焊缝。
合金材料缩写
合金材料缩写铝基铜硅合金 Acron耐蚀铜镍合金 Adnic铅青铜轴承合金 Ajax钴铬钨刀具合金 Akrit硅铝合金 alader铝硅系合金 Alar铁铝铬耐蚀耐热合金 Alcres铜铝铁镍耐蚀合金 Alcumite铜合金 aldary铝镁硅合金 Aldrey高导磁铝铁合金 Alfenol合金含量 alloy content压铸合金 alloy for die casting合金材料 alloy material合金钢抽油杆 alloy steel rod合金钢 alloy steel合金 alloy制合金;熔合 alloyage合金元素 alloying element锌铝合金 allumen铝锌铜合金 Alneon镍合金钢 ALNI铝硅合金 Alpax硅铝合金 ALSI硅铝钙合金 Alsical硅铝铁磁性合金 Alsifer硅铝铁合金 Alsimin铝镁硅合金 Aludur锰铝合金 aluflex阿留麦尔镍基合金 Alumel铝硅活塞合金 Alusil硅铁合金 Antaciron减磨合金 antifriction alloy高拉应力铝合金 Avional巴氏合金 BAB巴氏合金 babbit metal巴氏合金填密圈 babbit packing ring巴氏合金座 babbit seat巴比特合金 babbit巴氏合金衬套轴承 babbit-lined bearing 巴比特合金 babbitting巴丁合金 Badin metal铅基轴承合金 Bahnmetal铜镍锡硅合金 barberite轴承合金 bearing metal易熔合金;弯管合金 bendalloy贝陀立合金 bertholide金、银与其他金属的合金 billon铝基活塞合金 Bonalit锡锑铜合金 Britannia metal镍铝铬铁耐热合金 Calite卡尔马洛伊合金 Calmalloy铬镍铝奥氏体耐热合金 Calmet镍铬铁锰耐热合金 calorite硬质合金钻头 carbide bit硬质合金刀片 carbide blade硬质合金刀具 carbide cutter硬合金齿高度 carbide extension硬质合金滚刀 carbide hob镶硬合金齿的牙轮钻头 carbide insert bit镶硬合金齿 carbide insert镶硬合金齿的牙轮钻头 carbide type bit硬合金齿吃入深度 carbide-insert burial硬质合金钻头 carbide-tipped drill硬质合金镶刃铣刀 carbide-tipped milling cutter 硬质合金牙尖的卡瓦 carbide-tipped slip硬质合金刀具 carbide-tipped tool碳化钨硬质合金 carboloy碳化钨合金 carbon tungsten alloy铸造合金 casting alloy卡斯托林低熔铸铁合金 Castolin抗气蚀合金 cavitation-resistant alloy赛尔西特硬质合金 Celsit硬质合金钻头 cemented carbide bit硬质合金 cemented carbide多元碳化物硬质合金 cemented multicarbide岑塔民高比电阻合金 Centamin合金陶瓷 ceramal策拉明合金 Ceramin-alloy楔形硬合金齿钻头 chisel type insert bit克罗利麦特镍铬钼耐酸合金 chlorimet克罗马克铁镍铬耐热合金 Chromax铬-钼合金膜电位器 chrome-molybdenum potentiometer 铬镍合金 chrome-nickel alloy克罗梅尔镍铬耐热合金 chromel钴合金 cobalt-base alloy钴钨硬质合金 cobalt-bonded tungsten carbide铁钴钼永磁合金 comol多合金钢 complex alloy steel复合金属 composite metal镍铬铁耐酸合金 contracid铜合金焊条 copper-alloy arc welding electrode铜-镍合金 copper-nickel alloy硅铜合金 copper-silicon alloy铜镍合金 Corronil柯伐合金 Covar耐腐蚀合金 CRA铜镍钴永磁合金 cunico铜镍铁永磁合金 cunife铜锰合金 cupromanganese科普隆铜镍合金 Cupron铜镍合金 cupronickel脱合金腐蚀 dealloying corrosion对合金中一种或多种组分的选择性腐蚀 dealloying 赛金刚石合金 diamondite镍铁合金 dilvar双锥形硬合金镶齿 double cone insert杜美;铜被铁镍合金 Dumet镁锰合金被覆硬铝 duralplat杜林瓦镍钛铝合金 durinvar白色饰用合金 Dutch white metal弹性体合金 elastomer alloy镁铜铝合金 elektron埃尔卡洛伊铜合金焊条 Elkaloy艾尔柯尼特钨铜合金 Elkonit埃尔科尼姆接点合金 Elkonium艾尔麦特钨铜合金 Elmet膨胀合金 em埃费德合金 Everdur alloy敷焊的硬合金 facing alloy铁镍钴合金接点 fernico seal铁镍钴合金 fernico铁磁合金 ferrimag铁素体奥氏体合金钢 ferritic-austenitic alloy steel 铁合金 ferroalloy铁铝合金 ferroaluminium硼铁;铁硼合金 ferroboron铁铬合金;铬铁 ferrochrome费里铜镍合金 Ferry镍铬铁锰合金 firearmor裂变产物合金 fissium铁粉磁心用镍铁合金 gecalloy硬合金 hard alloy敷焊硬合金层 hard face敷焊硬合金钻头;表面硬化的钻头 hard faced bit敷焊硬合金的 hard faced巴氏硬合金 hard genuine babbitt alloy硬质合金取心钻头 hard metal core bit硬质合金 hard metal敷焊硬合金表面;表面硬化 hard surfacing硬合金齿 hard-metal insert表面堆焊硬合金 hardfacing耐蚀耐热镍基合金 hastelloy半球形硬合金齿 hemispherical insert 镍铜铝合金 Hiduminium高碳合金 high carbon alloy高合金钢 high-alloy steel低合金高强度钢 HSLA钠铅合金;水分子 hydrone反器内合金化 in-reactor alloying铬镍铁合金 inconel因康镍合金 Inconel镶硬合金齿的牙轮钻头 insert bit硬合金齿出刃 insert projection镶硬合金齿牙轮钻头 insert rock bit硬合金齿间距 insert spacing微胀合金 invar铱铂合金 iridoplatinum康塔尔铁铬铝电阻合金 kanthals卡马镍铬高电阻合金 karma油膜轴承;油膜轴承合金 kelmet钡镁合金 kemet硬合金齿隙间凹槽 land relief铜硅铝合金 lautal铅-银合金阳极 lead-silver alloy anode 巴比特铅合金 leaded babbitt alloys里季尼特硬质合金 lithinit低合金钢 low alloy steel低合金的 low-alloy卢门锌基轴承合金 Lumenbronze铅合金 LY微合金扩散晶体管 MADT铁钡永磁合金 magnadur镁铝合金 magnalium镁合金潜水服 magnesium alloy diving suit 磁性合金 magnetic alloy铜镍铁永磁合金 magnetoflex镍锰合金 Magno镁基合金 Magnuminium麦雷乔铜镍合金 Maillechort微合金晶体管 MAT金属合金 metal alloy微合金元素 microalloy element微合金 microalloy镍铬铁耐蚀合金 Misco metal混合金属氧化物泥浆 MMH层状混合金属氢氧化物 MMLHC蒙乃尔合金 Monelμ磁性合金 mu-metal蒙氏铜锌合金 Muntz metal铂锡铜合金;神秘 mystery铝镁锌耐蚀合金 Neomagnal耐蚀镍合金 Ni-resist镍锰铁合金 Nicalloy镍铬合金 nichrome镍基合金焊条 nickel base alloy covered electrode 镍基合金 nickel-base alloy镍铬合金 nickel-chrome锡基密封合金 Nickeline铜镍耐蚀合金 Nickeloid尼孟镍克合金 Nimonic渗氮合金钢 Nitralloy腈合金型纤维 nitrile alloy fibre氮化合金 nitroalloy尼瓦罗克斯合金 nivarox燃气轮机叶片用钴镍合金 nivco抗蚀合金 non-corrosive alloy无磁合金 non-magnetic alloy非铁合金工具 nonsparking tool耐热电阻铁;铬铝合金 Ohmax奥利特合金 Oilite alloy含油轴承合金 oilite铜锌锡合金;仿金铜箔;镀金物 ormolu镍铁磁性合金 Orthonik钯金合金 palau alloy钯金合金 palau巴里特合金 Palid钯轴承合金 palladium bearing metal钯铜合金 palladium-copper alloy钯金合金 palladium-gold坡莫合金 permalloy帕尔瑞克斯镍铁合金 permax坡明德合金 Permendur坡莫诺姆镍铁合金 Permenorm铜钴镍永磁合金 Permet坡明伐合金 Perminvar铂;锌铜合金 platina耐碱蚀金铂合金 platino铂铜;铂系合金;铜镍锌合金电阻丝 platinoid 钯金合金 polarium聚合物合金 polymer alloy铜锌锡合金 potin淬硬合金钢 quench alloy steel射电金属;无线电高导磁性合金 radiometal 合金;熔合物 rafting重浇巴氏合金 rebabbitting镍铬电阻合金 redray硬合金齿间凹槽 relief cuts on lands铁钴钼永磁合金 remalloy耐腐蚀铜合金 resistal耐海水铜合金 resistalloy铜锰电阻合金 resistin镍铁铬合金 resisto雷奥坦电阻铜合金 rheostan镍铁合金 Rhometal铝硅铁粉;铁硅铝磁合金 sendust森泊姆恒导磁率合金 Senperm镶嵌硬合金的 set with hard alloy非球形硬合金齿钻头 shaped insert bit银锰铝汞磁合金 silmanal硅铝明合金 silumin硅锰铝脱氧合金 simanal硬质合金 sintered carbide镶碳化钨硬合金齿钻头 sintered tungsten carbide compact bit 烧结碳化钨硬质合金镶齿 sintered tungsten-carbide insert特种合金 special alloy硅钢;硅铁合金;薄钢片 stalloy锡;斯坦纳姆高锡轴承合金 stannum钨钴铬高温硬质合金 stellite铁锡锌铜合金 sterro metal一种镶焊钻头用的硬合金 stoodite高温高强度合金 superalloy镍铁钼超高导磁合金 supermalloy铁钴钒磁性合金材料 supermendur耐蚀高强度铜合金 Superston西罗铜铝锰合金 Therlo热合金 thermalloy耐热镍铬合金 thermochrome耐热镍铬合金 thermochronix镍铁铝磁合金 ticonal钛镍铬耐热合金 tinidur德国顿巴黄铜;铜锌合金 tombak工具接头的硬合金抗磨圈 tool joint hard band 镍铬铁耐热合金 tophet硅铁磁性合金 Trancor钨合金 tungalloy硬合金垫托层 tungsten carbide substrate铝锰硅合金 Ulmal超导磁铁镍钼铜合金 ultraperm超永磁合金 ultraperminvar铝铁磁合金 vacodur钴铬钼合金 vatallium维卡合金 Vicalloy钴铬钼合金 vitallium白合金 W.M.沃斯帕洛依镍基耐高温耐蚀合金 Waspaloy白色合金 white alloy巴比合金轴承 white metal bearing 白合金表面处理 white metal finish 白合金 white metal维梅特硬质合金 wiemet硬质合金 wimet伍德合金 wood metal铋基低熔点合金 Wood's metal可锻合金 wrought alloy铜铝合金 xaloy铝基轴承合金 Z-alloy锆合金 zircaloy黄道带;佐迪阿克电阻合金 zodiac。
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USES FOR HARDFACING
To reclaim worn parts Replace or Reclaim The protection of new metal parts against the loss of metal
usually increases the work life of the component up to two or more times
Disadvantages
Dilution Welding position
WELDINGO(SAW) SUBMERGED ARC WELDINGO(SAW)
antages
Easily automated High deposition Operator skill Weld deposit Shop environment
Disadvantages
High heat input with fused coatings
OXYHIGH VELOCITY OXY-FUEL PROCESS (HVOF)
Advantages
Precise control over deposit thickness and shape Negligible dilution of deposit Suitable for automation Wide choice of coating materials available Disadvantages Relatively high cost of equipment Limited mobility
ELECTRIC ARC SPRAYING
Advantages
High deposition rates Negligible dilution of deposit Suitable for automation Precise control over deposit thickness and shape
POWDER SPRAYING
Advantages
Precise control over deposit thickness and shape Negligible dilution of deposit Easy to use Suitable for automation Wide choice of coating materials available
REASONS FOR HARDFACING
Reduce costs Prolong equipment life Reduce downtime Reduce inventory of spare parts
Hard surfacing build-up can be used to return parts to their original dimensions
Dilution Low efficiency/deposition
FLUX CORED ARC WELDING(FCAW)
Advantages: Advantages
Alloy availability High deposition Deposit integrity Easy to operate Versatility
Hard surfacing overlay can be used by itself to give parts additional resistance to wear
Hard surfacing build-up and overlay can be used together to rebuild parts to size and give them additional resistance to wear
CHOOSING THE HARDFACING PROCESS
Hardfacing can be applied by a number of welding processes. Selection of the most suitable welding process for a given job will depend on a number of factors including: Function of the component Base metal composition Size and shape Accessibility State of repair Number
Disadvantages
Alloy availability Welding position Material thickness Extremely high dilution High heat input Versatility Flux required
GAS HARDFACING
Advantages
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)
Advantages: Advantages
Alloy availability Material thickness Welding position Versatility
Disadvantages: Disadvantages
Low dilution of deposit Good control of deposit shape Low thermal shock due to slow heating and cooling.
Disadvantages
Low deposition rates High heat input Not suited to large components.
PROCESSES USED IN HARDFACING
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (Covered Electrode) Flux Cored Arc Welding Submerged Arc Welding Gas Hardfacing Powder Spraying OxyHigh Velocity Oxy-Fuel Process (HVOF) Electric Arc Spraying Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA)
Disadvantages
Limited mobility Relatively high cost of equipment Limited to consumables which will conduct current Exposed electric arc
PLASMA TRANSFERRED ARC (PTA)
A Lecture by: Mostafa Hedayati Marzbali
HARDFACING
Hard surfacing is the deposition of a special alloy material on a metallic part, by various welding processes, to obtain more desirable wear properties and/or dimensions. The properties usually sought are greater resistance to wear from abrasion, impact, adhesion (metal-tometal), heat, corrosion or any combination of these factors.
Disadvantages
Limited mobility Relatively high cost of equipment Oxidation of the spray material may occur
WELDABILITY OF STEELS AND IRONS
Advantages
Negligible dilution of deposit Suitable for automation Precise control over deposit thickness and shape High melting point materials can be used