2018年专业学位研究生入学统一考试
合肥工业大学2018年硕士研究生初试专业课笔试试题
合肥工业大学2018年硕士研究生初试专业课笔试试题考试科目名称：电路适用专业：电机与电器、电力系统及其自动化、高电压与绝缘技术、电力电子与电力传动、电工理论与新技术、电气工程（专业学位）。
（考生请注意：答案请写在报考点统一发放的答题纸上，写在试卷上的一律无效） 一、判断（2x10=20分）你认为正确的，请在答题纸上作出如下表格，并在对应的题号下面画“√”，若认为说法不正确则在相应题号下画“×”。
1.1 基尔霍夫定律的适用范围是集总电路。
1.2 多个独立电压源共同作用于一个线性电路时，某一个电阻元件所消耗的功率，可以等于各个独立电压源单独作用该电阻所消耗的功率代数和。
多个独立电流源共同作用于一个线性电路，某一电阻元件所消耗的功率，则不等于各个独立电流源单独作用时该电阻所消耗的功率代数和。
1.3 理想运算放大器的同相输入端和反相输入端之间电压为零，同相输入端和反相输入端流入放大器内部的电流也为零，电路分析中称之为“虚短”和“虚断”。
1.4 换路定则在任何情况下都适用。
1.5 含有互感器的两个线圈串联，其等效电感总大于两个线圈不含互感串联的等效电感。
1.6 若电阻元件伏安特性曲线对称于坐标原点，则电阻元件具有单向性。
接入电路需考虑元件的方向性。
1.7 某非线性元件的电压和电流采用关联参考方向，其伏安特性位于u i -平面的第一象限。
其静态电阻和动态电阻都是正值。
1.8 正弦交流的频率越高，则电容元件在电路中的阻抗就越大。
1.9 压控型非线性电阻的伏安特性为保证其为单值函数，应写成()i g u =。
1.10用两表法测量三相电路的总功率时，也适用于不对称的三线制三相电路。
二、基本计算（每题9分，共99分）2.1电路和参数如图1所示，试求电流源和受控源的吸收功率。
2.2 试用戴维宁定理求图2所示电路中的电流i 。
2.3 图3所示电路中，电阻R 可调节，试求R 为何值时可获得最大功率，并求此最大功率。
2018年华南理工大学研究生入学考试专业课真题820_高分子化学与物理
820华南理工大学2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：高分子化学与物理适用专业：高分子化学与物理；材料科学与工程；材料工程(专硕)共页高分子化学部分一、单项选择题（共15题。
每题1分，共15分）1、以下已商品化的聚合物中，采用阳离子聚合机理合成的是（）。
A、ABSB、乳聚丁苯橡胶C、高抗冲聚苯乙烯D、丁基橡胶2、以下聚合物中，由配位聚合制得、且不涉及立体异构的是（）。
A、低密度聚乙烯B、高密度聚乙烯C、溶聚丁苯橡胶D、全同聚丙烯3、下列单体进行自由基聚合反应时，最难获得高分子链均聚物的单体是（）。
A、四氟乙烯B、苯乙烯C、马来酸酐D、丙烯酸甲酯4、无定形态聚合物与小分子的化学反应中，控制反应速率的主要因素是（）。
A、小分子在聚合物中的扩散速率B、小分子中官能团的反应活性C、聚合物中官能团的反应活性D、反应温度5、应用活性阴离子聚合制备苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯的三嵌段共聚物，正确的加料顺序是（）。
A、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯B、苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯C、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯D、苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯6、某聚合体系的配方为：苯乙烯 50 g，水 250 g，过氧化苯甲酰 0.3 g，聚乙烯醇2g，碳酸钙 3g。
以下关于该聚合体系的描述，正确的是（）。
A、该体系进行的是溶液聚合，PVA和碳酸钙起聚合活性剂作用B、该体系进行的是乳液聚合，PVA和碳酸钙起乳化作用C、该体系进行的是悬浮聚合，PVA和碳酸钙起分散作用D、该体系进行的是悬浮聚合，PVA和碳酸钙起乳化作用7、下列聚合物属于杂链聚合物的是（）。
A、聚丙烯B、聚硅氧烷C、聚苯乙烯D、天然橡胶8、外加酸催化聚酯化反应的平均聚合度（X n）与时间（t）的关系为（）。
A、X n与t 成线性关系B、X n与t1/2 成线性关系C、X n与t2 成线性关系D、(X n)2 与t成线性关系9、下列单体可以发生自由基聚合反应的是（）。
2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试法律硕士(非法学)专业学位联考考试大纲
2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试法律硕士(非法学)专业学位联考考试大纲来源：文都教育Ⅰ考试性质专业基础课考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收法律硕士(非法学)专业学位研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国联考科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备继续攻读法律硕士专业学位所需要的基础知识和基本技能，评价的标准是高等学校非法学专业本科毕业生能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以利于各高等院校和科研院所择优选拔，确保硕士专业学位研究生的招生质量。
Ⅱ考查目标专业基础课考试包括刑法学和民法学两部分，在考查刑法学和民法学基本知识、基本理论的同时，注重考查考生运用刑法学原理和民法学原理分析、解决问题的能力和运用法律语言的能力。
考生应能：1.准确地再认或再现刑法学和民法学的基本知识。
2.正确理解和掌握刑法学和民法学的重要概念、特征、内容和其法律规定。
3.运用刑法学和民法学原理解释和论证某些观点，明辨法理。
4.结合社会生活背景或特定的法律现象，分析、评价有关案件、事件，找出运用法律知识解决实际问题的方法。
5.准确、恰当地使用法律学科的专业术语，要求论述有据，条理清晰，符合逻辑，文字表达通顺。
Ⅲ考试形式和试卷结构一、试卷满分及考试时间本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为180分钟。
二、答题方式答题方式为闭卷、笔试。
三，考试内容结构刑法学 75分民法学 75分四、试卷题型结构单项选择题 40小题，每小题1分，共40分多项选择题 10小题，每小题2分，共20分简答题 4小题，每小题10分，共40分法条分析题 2小题，每小题10分，共20分案例分析题 2小题，每小题15分，共30分Ⅳ考查内容第一部分刑法学第一章绪论第一节刑法概述一、刑法的概念刑法的定义、形式和特征。
二、刑法的任务和机能三、刑法的体系和解释第二节刑法的基本原则一、罪刑法定原则的基本内容与体现二、刑法适用平等原则的基本内容与体现三、罪责刑相适应原则的基本内容与体现第三节刑法的效力范围一、刑法的效力范围的概念和种类二、刑法的空间效力刑法的空间效力的概念；确立刑法空间效力范围的学理根据：属地原则、属人原则、保护原则、普遍管辖原则；我国刑法关于空间效力的规定。
华南农业大学-2018年-硕士研究生入学-《公共管理学(850)》考试大纲
4.理解和掌握公共部门战略管理的过程与方法，包括战略规划、战略实施和战略评价。
5.了解西方国家公共部门战略管理的实践。
（八）公共部门财政管理
考试内容
公共财政的基本概念及其特点公共财政的主要职能公共财政管理的基本概念和内容公共财政管理的目标和原则财政管理体制我国财政管理体制存在的主要问题建立和完善我国的公共财政管理体制
考试要求
1.理解和掌握非政府公共组织的概念、特征、分类。
2.理解和掌握非政府公共组织参与公共管理的方式。
3.理解和掌握非政府公共组织参与公共管理的理论依据、现实依据、意义。
4.了解国外非政府公共组织的历史发展、我国非政府公共组织的发展。
5.掌握我国非政府公共组织发展中存在的问题、促进我国非政府公共组织发展的思路。
（七）公共部门战略管理
考试内容
战略与战略管理公共部门战略管理兴起的背景公共部门战略管理的发展历程公共部门战略管理的含义与特点公共部门战略管理的构成系统公共部门战略管理的价值公共部门战略管理的过程与方法西方国家公共部门战略管理的实践
考试要求
1.理解和掌握战略与战略管理、公共部门战略管理的含义与特点。
2.了解公共部门战略管理兴起的背景、发展历程。
考试要求
1.理解和掌握公共组织的内涵及特征。
2.理解和掌握公共组织的构成要素与类型划分。
3.理解和掌握衡量公共组织结构合理的标准、公共组织结构的设计、公共组织的结构模式。
4.了解公共组织变革与发展的动因、目标与原则、过程与方法。
（四）政府治理
考试内容
政府治理模式的演变西方国家政府治理模式西方国家政府改革的主要内容政府失灵及治理服务型政府的内涵服务型政府实践的国际比较我国构建服务型政府实践和存在的问题
2018年入学MBA联考综合试题及参考答案
根据以上陈述，可以得出以下哪项? A.只有不离开人民，文艺才不会变成无根的浮萍、无病的呻吟、无魂的驱壳。 B.历史的创造者都不是历史的“剧中人。 C.历史的创造者都是历史的见证者。 D.历史的“剧中人”都是历史的“剧作者”。 E.我们的作品只要表达人民的心愿、心情、心声，就会在人民中传之久远。
(1) a b 1 a2
(2) a b 1 a2
25.设函数 f (x) x2 ax, ，则 f (x) 的最小值与 f ( f (x)) 的最小值相等.
(1) a 2
(2) a 0
三．逻辑推理：第 26-55 小题，每小题 2 分，共 60 分。下列每题所给出（A）、（B）、（C）、 （D）、（E）五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
30-31 题基于以下题干 某工厂有一员工宿舍住了甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚 7 人，每人每周需轮流值日一
天，且每天仅安排一人值日，他们值日的安排还需满足以下条件： (1)乙周二或者周六值日; (2)如果甲周一值日，那么丙周三值日且戊周五值日; (3)如果甲周一不值日，那么己周四值日且庚周五值日; (4)如果乙周二值日，那么己周六值日。
分别为-2 和 1。
(1) m 1;
(2) m 2
23.如果甲公司的年终奖总额增加 25%，乙公司的年终奖总额减少 10%，两者相等，则能确 定两公司的员工人数之比.
(1)甲公司的人均年终奖与乙公司的相同 (2)两公司的员工人数之比与两公司的年终奖总额之比相等
北京理工大学法学院2018年硕士研究生入学考试复试安排
北京理工大学法学院2018年硕士研究生入学考试复试安排一、资格审查：统考考生资格审查的材料包括：①《北京理工大学2018年报考攻读硕士学位研究生情况登记表》（由考生自行从网上下载）；②准考证；③身份证[出示原件，提交复印件(正反面复印到同一页面上)]；④学历证书（出示原件，提交复印件，应届本科毕业生交验学生证）；⑤在校历年学习成绩表（须加盖教务或人事部门公章）。
所有考生需要交纳复试费100元。
二、复试工作规定：1、复试形式：外语听力、口语测试，专业知识笔试和综合面试，总分100分。
①外语听力10分、口语测试10分；②专业知识笔试20分，笔试时间2小时；○3综合面试60分，面试时间不少于20分钟。
2、所有复试合格拟录取的考生需参加政审，政审不合格考生取消录取资格。
拟录取考生体检将在入学报到时进行。
3、为保证复试公平公正，复试要求、程序，复试结果均进行公示。
监督电话：68912377；68913123三、复试权重：考生总成绩＝初试总成绩×50％+（复试成绩×5）×50％拟录取考生应依据相应学科总成绩排名确定。
四、调剂：1、我校全日制研究生不接收校外调剂，非全日制法律硕士专业学位接收校外调剂。
2、校内调剂(1)学术型研究生：本届我院生源已满，不接收校内调剂。
（2）专业学位研究生：报考我院学术型研究生且本科为法学的考生，同时满足我校复试分数线要求，未达到我院学术型研究生分数线要求的考生，可以申请调剂到我院全日制法律硕士（法学）专业及非全日制法律硕士（法学）专业，参加专硕小组复试。
报名方式：请在邮件中写明姓名、考号、各科分数及总分，发送至sunhaiyan@信箱。
报名截止日期：3月15日报考我院全日制法律硕士（法学）的考生可以优先调剂到非全日制法律硕士（法学）专业，报考我院全日制法律硕士（非法学）的考生可以优先调剂到非全日制法律硕士（非法学）专业。
3、校外调剂报考外校全日制学术型硕士且本科为法学的考生可以申请调剂到我院非全日制法律硕士（法学）专业。
2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试法律硕士(法学)专业学位联考专业综合课真题及参考答案
2018 年全国硕士研究生招生考试法律硕士（法学）专业学位联考专业综合课真题及参考答案一、单项选择题：第1～20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
1. 不同学派关于法的性质有不同理解，对此，下列说法正确的是（）A.经济分析法学派认为法律不外乎主权者的命令B.批判法学派认为衡量法律优劣的最主要标准是实施效果C.自然法学派认为法律应与社会主流道德和人性的正义准则保持一致D.历史法学派认为一国的自然环境和政治制度决定着法的内容和性质1.【答案】 C【考点】西方不同法学流派的观点【解析】法律不外乎主权者的命令，是 19 世纪英国法哲学家、分析法学派的创始人约翰·奥斯丁的观点， A 项错误。
社会法学派强调法律实施的效果，认为法律优劣的主要标准是实施效果， B 项错误。
自然法学派主张法是人的理性，强调自然法普遍永恒，且高于人定法，人定法符合自然法时才是真正的法律，人定法应于自然法保持一致，C项正确。
历史法学派认为法是民族精神、民族特性和民族共同意识的体现， D项错误。
2. 关于法律的特征，下列说法正确的是（）A.以义务为本位是法律的本质特征B.法律应当由立法机关制定或认可体现了国家意志C.法律具有国家强制性，只能通过司法予以实施和实现D.法律的普遍性意味着在一国之内所有人都应享有相同的法律权利2.【答案】 B【考点】法律的特征【解析】法是以权利和义务为内容的社会规范，具有权利和义务的一致性，法主要是以权利为本位，故 A 项错。
法律由国家制定或认可，从这个意义上看，法律体现国家的意志，故 B 正确。
法的实施包括执法、司法、守法等方式，C项错误。
法的普遍性，是指法所具有的普遍约束力。
它包含两方面的内容：（1）在一国主权范围之内，法律具有普遍效力，所有人都得遵守。
（ 2）法律对同样的事和人同样适用，即法律面前人人平等， D项错误。
3. 关于法律关系，下列说法中不正确的是（）A.民事法律关系均为相对法律关系B.法律规范是法律关系产生的前提C.在法律关系中主体的权利和义务是现实的D.法律关系是以法律上的权利义务为内容的社会关系3.【答案】 A【考点】法律关系【解析】民事法律关系不仅包括相对法律关系，还包括绝对法律关系，如物权关系与人身权等，故 A 表述错误，应选 A 项。
MBA逻辑2018年真题+答案
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考逻辑试题一．问题求解：第26~55小题，每小题2分，共60分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
26.人民既是历史的创造者，也是历史的见证者；既是历史的“剧中人”又是历史的“剧作者”。
离开人民，文艺就会变成无限的浮萍、无病的呻吟、无魂的躯壳。
观照人民的生活、命运、情感，表达人民的心愿、心情、心声，我们的作品才会在人民中传之久远。
根据以上陈述，可以得出以下哪项？（A）只有不离开人民，文艺才不会变成无限的浮萍、无病的呻吟、无魂的躯壳。
（B）历史的创造者都不是历史的“剧中人”。
（C）历史的创造者都是历史的见证者。
（D）历史的“剧中人”都是历史的“剧作者”。
（E）我们的作品只要表达人民的心愿、心情、心声，就会在人民中传之久远。
27.盛夏时节的某一天某市早报刊载了由该市专业气象台提供的全国部分城市当天的天气预报，择其内容列表如下：天津阴上海雷阵雨昆明小雨呼和浩特阵雨哈尔滨少云乌鲁木齐晴西安中雨南昌大雨香港多云南京雷阵雨拉萨阵雨福州阴根据上述信息，以下哪项作出的论断最为准确？（A）由于所列城市盛夏天气变化频繁，所以上面所列的9类天气一定就是所有的天气类型。
（B）由于所列城市并非我国的所有城市，所以上面所列的9类天气一定不是所有的天气类型。
（C）由于所列城市在同一天不一定展示所有的天气类型，所以上面所列的9类天气可能不是所有的天气类型。
（D）由于所列城市在同一天可能展示所有的天气类型，所以上面所列的9类天气一定是所有的天气类型。
（E）由于所列城市分处我国的东南西北中，所以上面所列9类大气一定就是所有的天气类型。
28.现在许多人很少在深夜11点以前安然入睡，他们未必都在熬夜用功，大多是在玩手机或看电视，其结果就是晚睡，第二天就会头晕脑胀、哈欠连天。
不少人常常对此感到后悔，但一到晚上他们多半还会这么做。
2018年华南理工大学研究生入学考试专业课真题211_翻译硕士英语
211华南理工大学2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译(专硕)Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section, there are 4 passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passage and then write ONE best answer for each question on your ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneJust over a decade into the 21st century, women’s progress can be celebrated across a range of fields. They hold the highest political offices from Thailand to Brazil, Costa Rica to Australia. A woman holds the top spot at the International Monetary Fund; another won the Nobel Prize in economics. Self-made billionaires in Beijing, tech innovators in Silicon Valley, pioneering justices in Ghana—in these and countless other areas, women are leaving their mark.But hold the applause. In Saudi Arabia, women aren’t allowed to drive. In Pakistan, 1,000women die in honor killings every year. In the developed world, women lag behind men in pay and political power. The poverty rate among women in the U.S. rose to 14.5% last year.To measure the state of women’s progress. Newsweek ranked 165 countries, looking at five areas that affect wome n’s lives; treatment under the law, workforce participation, political power, and access to education and health care. Analyzing data from the United Nations and the World Economic Forum, among others, and consulting with experts and academics, we measured 28 factors to come up with our rankings.Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender discrimination is against the law, and equal rights are constitutionally enshrined. But there were some surprises. Some otherwise high-ranking countries had relatively low scores for political representation. Canada ranked third overall but 26th in power, behind countries such as Cuba and Burundi. Does this suggest that a woman in a nation’s top office translates to better lives for women in general? Not exactly.“Trying to quantify or measure the impact of women in politics is hard because in very few countries have there been enough women in politics to make a difference,” says Anne-Marie Goetz, peace and security adviser for U.N. Women.Of course, no index can account for everything. Declaring that one country is better than another in the way that it treats more than half its citizens means relying on broad strokes and generalities. Some things simply can’t be measured. And cross-cultural comparisons can t account for difference of opinion.Certain conclusions are nonetheless clear. For one thing, our index backs up a simple but profound statement made by Hillary Clinton at the recent Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. “When we l iberate the economic potential of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nations, and the world,” she said. “There’s a simulative effect that kicks in when women have greater access to jobs and the economiclives of our countries: Greater political stability. Fewer military conflicts. More food. More educational opportunity for children. By harnessing the economic potential of all women, we boost opportunity for all people.”31.What does the author think about women’s progress so far?A.It still leaves much to be desired.B.It is too remarkable to be measured.C.It has greatly changed women’s fate.D.It is achieved through hard struggle.32.In what countries have women made the greatest progress?A.Where women hold key posts in government.B.Where women’s rights are protected by law.C.Where women’s participation in management is high.D.Where women enjoy better education and health care.33.What do Newsweek rankings reveal about women in Canada?A.They care little about political participation.B.They are generally treated as equals by men.C.They have a surprisingly low social status.D.They are underrepresented in politics.34.What does Anne-Marie Goetz think of a woman being in a nation’s top office?A.It does not necessarily raise women's political awareness.B.It does not guarantee a better life for the nation's women.C.It enhances women's status.D.It boosts women's confidence.35.What does Hillary Clinton suggest we do to make the world a better place?A.Give women more political power.B.Stimulate women's creativity.C.Allow women access to education.D.Tap women's economic potential.Passage TwoThe idea that government should regulate intellectual property through copyrights and patents is relatively recent in human history, and the precise details of what intellectual property is protected for how long vary across nations and occasionally change. There are two standard sociological justifications for patents or copyrights: They reward creators for their labor, and they encourage greater creativity. Both of these are empirical claims that can be tested scientifically and could be false in some realms.Consider music. Star performers existed before the 20th century, such as Franz Liszt and Niccolo Paganini, but mass media produced a celebrity system promoting a few starsidentified by psychologists where a remarkably large number of people fail to spot a major change in their environment. Recall the famous experiments where X asks Y for directions; while Y is struggling to help, X is switched for Z - and. Y fails to notice. Researchers are still pondering the full implications, but it does show how little information we use in daily life, and undermines the idea that we know what is going on around us.When we set out, we aimed to weigh in on the enduring, complicated debate about self-knowledge and intentionality. For all the intimate familiarity we feel we have with decision making, it is very difficult to know about it from the “inside”: one of the great barriers for scientific research is the nature of subjectivity.As anyone who has ever been in a verbal disagreement can prove, people tend to give elaborate justifications for their decisions, which we have every reason to believe are nothing more than rationalizations after the event. To prove such people wrong, though, or even provide enough evidence to change their mind, is an entirely different matter: who are you to say what my reasons are?But with choice blindness we drive a large wedge between intentions and actions in the mind. As our participants give us verbal explanations about choices they never made, we can show them beyond doubt - and prove it - that what they say cannot be true. So our experiments offer a unique window into confabulation (the story-telling we do to justify things after the fact) that is otherwise very difficult to come by. We can compare everyday explanations with those under lab conditions, looking for such things as the amount of detail in descriptions, how coherent the narrative is, the emotional tone, or even the timing or flow of the speech. Then we can create a theoretical framework to analyse any kind of exchange.This framework could provide a clinical use for choice blindness: for example, two of our ongoing studies examine how malingering might develop into true symptoms, and how confabulation might play a role in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Importantly, the effects of choice blindness go beyond snap judgments. Depending on what our volunteers say in response to the mismatched outcomes of choices (whether they give short or long explanations, give numerical rating or labelling, and so on) we found this interaction could change their future preferences to the extent that they come to prefer the previously rejected alternative. This gives us a rare glimpse into the complicated dynamics of self-feedback (“I chose this, I publicly said so, therefore I must like it”), which we suspect lies behind the formation of many everyday preferences.We also want to explore the boundaries of choice blindness. Of course, it will be limited by choices we know to be of great importance in everyday life. Which bride or bridegroom would fail to notice if someone switched their partner at the altar through amazing sleight of hand? Yet there is ample territory between the absurd idea of spouse-swapping, and the results of our early face experiments.For example, in one recent study we invited supermarket customers to choose between two paired varieties of jam and tea. In order to switch each participant’s choice without them noticing, we created two sets of “magical” jars, with lids at both ends and a divider inside. The jars looked normal, but were designed to hold one variety of jam or tea at each end, and could easily be flipped over.Immediately after the participants chose, we asked them to taste their choice again and tell us verbally why they made that choice. Before they did, we turned over the sample containers, so the tasters were given the opposite of what they had intended in their selection. Strikingly, people detected no more than a third of all these trick trials. Even when we switched such remarkably different flavors as spicy cinnamon and apple for bitter grapefruit jam, the participants spotted less than half of all switches.We have also documented this kind of effect when we simulate online shopping for consumer products such as laptops or cellphones, and even apartments. Our latest tests are exploring moral and political decisions, a domain where reflection and deliberation are supposed to play a central role, but which we believe is perfectly suited to investigating using choice blindness.Throughout our experiments, as well as registering whether our volunteers noticed that they had been presented with the alternative they did not choose, we also quizzed them about their beliefs about their decision processes. How did they think they would feel if they had been exposed to a study like ours? Did they think they would have noticed the switches? Consistently, between 80 and 90 per cent of people said that they believed they would have noticed something was wrong.Imagine their surprise, even disbelief, when we told them about the nature of the experiments. In everyday decision-making we do see ourselves as knowing a lot about ourselves, but like the wine buff or art critic, we often overstate what we know. The good news is that this form of decision snobbery should not be too difficult to treat. Indeed, after reading this article you might already be cured.41.What does the author say about some experts?A.They are authorities only in their own fields.B.They aren’t easily fooled by the tricky tests.C.The mistakes they’ve made are inevitable.D.They sometimes fail to do well as claimed.42.What did the researchers do to participants in the experiments?A.They put on a magic performance to the participants.B.They diverted the participants’ attention and disrupted their choosing.C.They changed the things participants chose without their noticing.D.They added confusion to the two options the participants faced.43.What does the result of the face choosing experiments reveal?mislead,”“deliberately,”without being asked to do so by the target of the lie. Which doesn’t mean that all lies are equally toxic: some are simply habitual –“My pleasure!” -- while others might be well-meaning white lies. But each, Feldman argues, is harmful, because of the standard it creates. And the more lies we tell, even if they’re little white lies, the more deceptive we and society become.We are a culture of liars, to put it bluntly, with deceit so deeply ingrained in our mind that we hardly even notice we’re engaging in it. Junk e-mail, deceptive advertising, the everyday pleasantries we don’t really mean –“It’s so great to meet you! I love that dress”– have, as Feldman puts it, become “a white noise we’ve learned to neglect.” And Feldman also argues that cheating is more common today than ever. The Josephson Institute, a nonprofit focused on youth ethics, concluded in a 2008 survey of nearly 30,000 high school students that “cheating in school continues to be rampant, and it’s getting worse.” In that survey, 64 percent of students said they’d cheated on a test during the past year, up from 60 percent in 2006. Another recent survey, by Junior Achievement, revealed that more than a third of teens believe lying, cheating, or plagiarizing can be necessary to succeed, while a brand-new study, commissioned by the publishers of Feldman’s book, shows that 18-to 34-year-olds--- those of us fully reared in this lying culture --- deceive more frequently than the general population.Teaching us to lie is not the purpose of Feldman’s book. His subtitle, in fact, is “the way to truthful relationships.” But if his book teaches us anything, it’s that we should sharpen our skills — and use them with abandon.Liars get what they want. They avoid punishment, and they win others’affection. Liars make themselves sound smart and intelligent, they attain power over those of us who believe them, and they often use their lies to rise up in the professional world. Many liars have fun doing it. And many more take pride in getting away with it.As Feldman notes, there is an evolutionary basis for deception: in the wild, animals use deception to “play dead” when threatened. But in the modem world, the motives of our lying are more selfish. Research has linked socially successful people to those who are good liars. Students who succeed academically get picked for the best colleges, despite the fact that, as one recent Duke University study found, as many as 90 percent of high-schoolers admit to cheating. Even lying adolescents are more popular among their peers.And all it takes is a quick flip of the remote to see how our public figures fare when they get caught in a lie: Clinton keeps his wife and goes on to become a national hero. Fabricating author James Frey gets a million-dollar book deal. Eliot Spitzer’s wife stands by his side, while “Appalachian hiker” Mark Sanford still gets to keep his post. If everyone else is being rewarded for lying，don’t we need to lie, too, just to keep up?But what’s funny is that even as we admit to being liars, study after study shows that50.What did the survey of Junior Achievement show about the teenagers?A.Quite a few of them believe that cheating is genetic.B.Many of them see deceiving as essential for success.C.Cheating occurs more commonly among them.D.They are the victims of the lying culture in fact.Part III Writing (30 points)51.Security cameras are very popular in our life these days. Some people believe that security cameras are in place to protect both businesses and the general public, but others argue that cameras have gone too far and actually invade privacy because people are constantly under surveillance. Write an essay of at least 400 words in English with the title listed below on the ANSWER SHEET.Are security cameras an invasion of privacy?。
山东大学2018年《850-材料力学》考研大纲_山东大学考研网
山东大学2018年《850-材料力学》考研大纲一、考试性质《材料力学》是工程力学、固体力学、结构工程、岩土工程硕士（MPAcc）专业学位研究生入学统一考试的科目之一。
《材料力学》考试要力求反映上述专业学位的特点，科学、公平、准确、规范地测评考生的基本素质和综合能力，以利用选拔具有发展潜力的优秀人才入学，为国家的经济建设培养具有良好职业道德、具有较强分析与解决实际问题能力的高层次、应用型、复合型的会计专业人才。
二、考试要求测试考生对于与材料力学相关的基本概念、基础知识的掌握情况以及分析问题和解决问题的能力。
三、考试内容一、杆件的内力1.杆件内力的一般描述截面法1）轴力、剪力、扭矩和弯矩的概念2）截面法求杆的内力2.轴力与轴力图1）杆件轴向拉伸与压缩的概念2）截面法求杆的轴力3）轴力图画法3.扭矩与扭矩图1）扭转的概念2）外力偶矩与输出功率、传动轴的转速间的关系3）截面法求轴的扭矩4）扭矩图的画法4.弯曲内力与弯矩图1）平面弯曲的概念2）弯曲内力的概念3）截面法求杆件的剪力与弯矩4）剪力方程与弯矩方程5）剪力图与弯矩图的画法①载荷集度、剪力与弯矩之间的关系②简易法求剪力图和弯矩图5.平面刚架与平面曲杆的弯曲内力1）平面刚架的内力2）平面曲杆的内力二、杆件的应力与强度计算1.拉压杆的应力与强度1）拉压杆的应力计算2）拉压杆的强度校核、截面选择和许可载荷的计算。
2.圆轴扭转时的切应力及强度计算1）圆轴扭转切应力计算；①圆轴扭转切应力公式推导②切应力在横截面上分布规律③空心轴与实心轴的极惯性矩和扭转截面系数。
2）圆轴扭转时的强度校核、截面选择和许可载荷的计算3.梁的弯曲正应力及强度计算1）梁弯曲正应力公式计算①梁的弯曲应力公式推导②正应力在横截面上分布规律；中性轴的概念③矩形截面和圆截面对中性轴的惯性矩及弯曲截面系数。
2）梁弯曲时的强度校核、截面选择和许可载荷的计算；4.梁的弯曲切应力及强度计算1）梁弯曲切应力公式计算①梁弯曲时横截面上切应力计算公式应用②矩形截面梁曲切应力及最大切应力表达式③圆截面梁最大切应力表达式2）梁弯曲切应力的强度校核5.连接件的强度计算1）剪切的实用计算与强度校核2）挤压的实用计算与强度校核三、杆件的变形和简单超静定问题1.轴向拉伸与压缩时的变形1）轴向变形的计算2）横向变形与轴向变形之间的关系2.圆轴扭转变形与刚度条件1）圆轴扭转变形计算2）圆轴扭转的刚度条件与应用3.梁的弯曲变形1）梁挠曲线近似微分方程概念2）积分法求弯曲变形3）叠加法求弯曲变形（注：弯曲变形亦可用第七章中的卡氏定理或莫尔定理求解，考试中不作特殊规定，考生可自由选择自认为方便的方法。
山东大学2018年硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目考试大纲-906-数字电路(专)
906－数字电路（专）
一、考试性质
《数字电路》是电子与通信工程（专业学位）、集成电路工程（专业学位）专业学位研究生入学考试的科目之一。
《数字电路》考试力求反映信息学科相关专业的特点，科学、公平、准确、规范地测评考生的基本素质和综合能力，以利用选拔具有发展潜力的优秀人才入学，为我国快速发展的信息产业培养出具有良好职业道德、国际化视野、较强分析与解决实际问题能力的高层次、应用型、复合型的专业人才。
二、考试要求
《数字电路》是信息类学科的一门重要的基础课。
通过本课程测试考生对本专业的基本概念、基础知识的掌握情况和运用能力。
三、考试形式和试卷结构
1．试卷满分及考试时间
本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为180分钟
2．答题方式
答题方式为闭卷、笔试。
试卷由试题和答题纸组成。
3．考试题型
试卷由题库组题，题型主要有填空题、选择题、简答题、综合分析题、综合设计题等。
四、考试内容
（一）数制与码制
1．概述
2．几种常见的数制
3．不同数制间的转换
4．二进制算术运算
1）二进制算术运算的特点
2）反码、补码和补码运算
5．几种常用的编码
(二）逻辑代数基础
1．概述
2．逻辑代数中的三种基本运算
3．逻辑代数的基本公式和常用公式。
2018管理类联考_英语真题+答案详细讲解
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷二Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blankand mark, A.B.C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Whydo people read negative Internet commentsand do other things thatwill obviously be painful? Because humanshave an inherent need to ___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. Thenew research reveals that the need to know is so strong that peoplewill___2___ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answerwill___3___.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School Of Business and the Wisconsin Schoolof Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed werefrom a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; anothertwenty-seven were told only that somewere electrified. ___7___ left alonein the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock themclicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew whatwould ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with otherstimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographsof disgusting insects.The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the sameas the basic drives for ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is oftenconsidered a good instinct —it can ___12___ new scientific advances, for instance —but sometimes such ___13___ can backfire. The insight that curiositycan drive you to do ___14___ things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a finalexperiment, participants who were encouraged to ___16___ how they wouldfeel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ___17___ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the ___18___ offollowing through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine___19___ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long -term ___20___is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity, ”H e says. In other words, don't read online comments.1. A resolve B. protect C. discuss D. ignore2. A refuse B. wait C. seek D .regret3. A .rise B. last C. mislead D. hurt4. A. alert B. tie C. expose D. treat5. A. message B. trial C. review D. concept6. A. remove B. weaken C. deliver D. interrupt7. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. When8. A. happen B. continue C. disappear D. change9. A rather than B. such as C. regardless D .owing to10. A. disagree B. forgive C. forget D.discover 11. A. pay B. marriage C.food D.school12. A. begin with B. rest on C. learn from D. lead to13. A. withdrawal B. inquiry C. persistence D.diligence14. A. self-destructive B. self-reliant C. self-evidentD. self-deceptive15. A. resist B. define C. replace D. trace16. A. predict B. overlook C. design D.conceal17. A. remember B. choose C. promise D. pretend 18.A. reliefB. planC. outcomeD. duty19. A. whether B. why C. where D. how20 .A. limitations B. Investments C.strategies D. consequences【答案】1. A resolve 8. A happen self-destructive2. C seek 9. B such as 15. A resist3. D hurt 10. D discover 16. A predict4. C expose 11. C food 17.B choose5. B trial 12. D lead to 18. C outcome6. C deliver 13. B inquiry 19. A whether7. D when 14. A 20. D consequencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET.(40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to学习资料. . . .New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books andtests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer StacyTeicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story. Whendid it becomeaccepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of theUnited States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothingis necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffiti desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family ofvocational education “have that stereotype ... that it ’s for kids who can’t make it academically, ”he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduateshas largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want morefor our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor ’s deg rees for all –and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That ’s not the only thing the American economyneeds. Yes, a bachelor ’s degreeopens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing,according to the National Skills Coalition, a nonprofit advocacy group.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time whenthe working class has turned the countryon its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that oncedefined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in theface. Thereis a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs mostaren’t equipped to do them. Koziatek ’s Manchester School of TechnologyHigh School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek ’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomesone-size-fits- all, it risks overlooking a nation ’s diversity of gifts.21. A brokan bike chain is mentioned to show students ’lack of ___A. mechanical memorizationB. academic trainingC. practical abilityD. pioneering spirit22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who___A. are financially disadvantagedB. are not academically successful学习资料D. have no career motivation23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates ___A. are entitled to more “educational privileges ”B. are reluctant to work in manufacturingC. used to have more job opportunitiesD. used to have big financial concerns24. The headlong push into bachelor ’s degrees for all ___A. helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD. indicates the overvaluing of higher education25. The author ’s attitude toward Koziate ’s school can be described as___A. supportiveB. disappointedC. tolerantD. cautiousTest 2While fossil fuels –coal, oil, gas –still generate roughly 85 percent of the world ’s energy supply, it ’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move torenewable is picking up momentum around the world: They now account formore than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsightedbusinesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewable, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbinesby close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principalenergy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enoughelectricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing aremarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar poweraccounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US,reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels –especially coal –as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, a state he woneasily in 2016, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that messagedid not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turbinesdot the fields and provide 36 perce nt of the state ’s electricity generation –and where tech giants such as Facebook, Microsoft, andGoogle are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to powertheir data centers.The question “what ha ppens when the wind doesn ’t blow or the sundoesn’t shine? ” has provided a quick put -down for skeptics. But a boostin the storage capacity of batteries, and a dramatic drop in their cost, is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placingbig bets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads in 2017, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there ’s a long way to go, the tr end lines for renewable are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up –perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climatechange. What Washington does – or doesn’t do – to promote alternativeenergy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26. The word “plummeting”(line3.para2) is closest in meaning to ______.A. risingB. fallingC. changingD. stabilizing27. According to Paragraph 3.the use of renewable energy in America_______.A. is progressing notablyB. is as extensive as in EuropeC. faces many challengesD. has proved to be impractical28. It can be learned that in Iowa_____.A .wind is a widely used energy sourceB. wind energy has replaced fossilfuelsC. tech giants are investing in clean energyD. there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. Which of following in true about clean energy according to paragraphs5&6?A. Its application has boosted battery storageB. It is commonly used in can manufacturing.C. Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D .Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy____.A. will bring the US closer to other countriesB. will accelerate global environment changeC. is not really encouraged by the US governmentD is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power and ambition of these companies is astonishing –Amazonhas just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foodsfor $13.5bn, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquirethe WhatsAppmessaging service, which doesn’t have any physical productat all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed tracery of its users ’friendships an d social lives. Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbersto Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as thedeal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, theknowledge of who sent them and to who was enormously revealing and stillcould be. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want toknow the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May ’s enemiesare currently plotting? It may be that the value to Amazonof Whole Foods is not so much the 460 shops it owns, or the distribution network, butthe records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalancesof power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared tothe pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem hasbeen addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, tobe replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptualproblem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious whenthe usersof these services don ’t pay for them. The users of their services arenot their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising fromthem –and Facebook and Google operate a virtual duopoly in digitaladvertising to the detriment of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they ’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some antsfarm aphids for the honeydewthat oozes from them whenthey feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives exude. Ants keep predatoryinsects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers outof our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a humanor democratic relationship, even if both sides benefit.This article was amendedon 19 June 2017 to remove a reference to Apple which was not apt.31. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its_____.A. digital productsB．user informationB. physical assetsC. quality service32. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may _____.A. worsen political disputesB. mess up customer recordsC. pose a risk to Facebook usersD. mislead the European commission33. According to the author, competition law __A. should serve the new market powersB. may worsen the economic imbalanceC. should not provide just one legal solutionD. cannot keep pace with the changing market34. Competition law as presciently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because ______.A. They are not defined as customersB. they are not financially reliableC. the service is generally digitalD. the service are paid for by advertisers35. The ants analogy is used to illustrate __A. a win-win business model between digital giantsB. a typical competition pattern among digitalgiants C. the benefits provided for digital giantscustomersD. the relationship between digital giants and their usersText 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, Cal Newport,author of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted Word, recommendsbuilding a habit of “deep work”-the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work-beit lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task; developing a dailyritual ;or taking a “journalistic ” approach to seizing momentsof deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach, the key is todetermine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends deep scheduling ”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time. At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar,I protect this time lik e I would a doctor ’s appointment or important meeting, ”he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink howyou priorities you ’re day -in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford, author of messy: the power of Disorder to Transform Our lives, points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to Set out monthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities and goals In much more detail, day学习资料While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily planswould be most effective when is come to the execution of tasks, they were wrong: the detailed daily plans demotivated students. Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the bestresults.In order to make the most of our focus and energy, we also need toembrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, “be lazy ”.“Idleness is not just a vacati on, an indulgence or a vice; it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body...[idleness] is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done, ”he argues.Srini Pillay, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard medical school, believes this counterintuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. When our brainswitches between being focused and unfocused on a task, they tend to bemore efficient.“what people don’t realize is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocused circuits in theirbrain ”, says Pillay.36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to_____.A. seize every minute to workB. list you immediate tasksC. make specific daily plansD. Keep to your focus time37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that____.A. students are hardly motivated by monthly goalsB.detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expectedC. distractions may actually increase efficiencyD.daily schedules are indispensable to studying38. According to Newport, idleness is ________.A. a desirable mental state for busy peopleB. a major contributor to physical healthC. an effective way to save time and energyD. an essential factor in accomplishing any work39. Pillay believes that our brain ’s shift between being focused and in focused____A. can bring about greater efficiencyB. can result in psychological well-beingC. is driven by task urgencyD. is aimed at better balance in work40. This text is mainly about _______.A. Approaches to getting more done in less timeB. Ways to relieve the tension of busy lifeC. The key to eliminating distractionsD. The cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections ：You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choosethe most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45). Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET . （10 points ）A. Be presentB. Just say itC. Ask for an opinionD. Name, places, thingsE. Find the "me too" sF. Pay a unique complimentG. Skip the small talkFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which meanswhenyou have a conversation witha new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver,and new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply startinga conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the fit move and starta conversation with strangers.41Suppose you are in the room with someone you don ’t know & you lookacross the room and you see a stranger and something within you says thatI want to talk with this person & you know something that mostly happenswith all of us, you wanted to say something the First word. It just won’t comeout. It feels like it stuck somewhereand refused to comeout. I know the feeling & here is my advice “Just get it out ”.Just think what the wor st could happen. They won ’t talk with you.Well they are not talking with you now.I truly believe that once you said first word everything else justgets flows. So keep it simple “Hi” , ”Hey”or Hello & do what the best person in you does gather all of the enthusiasm, the energy, put on abig smile and say “Hi”.42It ’s problem all of us face; you have limited time with the personthat you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.Honestly, if we got stuck in the rut of “h”, “hello ”, “how are you”and “what’s going on? ”, you will fail to give the initial joltto the conversation that can make it so memorable.So don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions, Trust me, you’llbe surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43When you meet the person for the first time make an efforts to findthe things which you and that person is in common so that you can buildthe conversation from that point. When you start conversation from thatpoint & then moveoutwards from there you will find all of the sudden that conversation become lot easier.44Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are justbusy their phone, and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask ”.So when someone tries to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact. Trust me, eye contact,you can feel the conversation.45 _______________You all came into a conversation where you met the person, but after sometime you mayhave met again and you forgotten their name. Isn ’t that awkward!So remember the little details of the people you met or you talkedwith. Perhaps places they have been to, the places they want to go, thethings they like, the things they hate-whatever you talk about.When you remember such things you can automatically become investorin their wellbeing. So they feel responsibility to you to keep thatrelationship going.That’s it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation withalmost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with.参考答案及解析41. B Just say it.42.G Skip the small talk.43.E Find the “me too’s.44. A Be Present.45. D Name，Place，Thing.46. Direction:In this section there is a test in English. Translate it into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15points)A fifth grader gets a homeworkassignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut ” but quickly adds “scientist ” to the list and select it as well. The boy is convinced thatif he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes. Andso he reads—everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy ”at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet —not evenafter becoming one of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays，his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference book：recently ，he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works. “Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge, ”Gates says.参考答案：一个五年级的学生得到一份家庭作业，作业要求是从一系列职业中选择自己未来的职业道路。
管综2018年真题
绝密★启用前2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合能力（科目代码：199）考生注意事项1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。
2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。
不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。
3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分，下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡．．．上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1．学科竞赛设一等奖、二等奖和三等奖，比例为1：3：8，获奖率为30%，已知10人获得一等奖，则参加竞赛的人数为A．300 B．400C．500 D．550E．6002．为了解某公司员工的年龄结构，按男、女人数的比例进行了随机抽样，结果如下：男员工年龄(岁) 23 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 41女员工年龄(岁) 23 25 27 27 29 31根据表中数据估计，该公司男员工的平均年龄与全体员工的平均年龄分别是( )(单位：岁).A．32，30 B．32，29.5C．32，27 D．30，27E．29.5，273．某单位采取分段收费的方式收取网络流量(单位：GB)费用：每月流量20(含)以内免费，流量20到30(含)的每GB收费1元，流量30到40(含)的每GB收费3元，流量40以上的每GB收费5元.小王这个月用了45GB的流量，则他应该交费A．45元B．65元C．75元D．85元E．135元4．如图，圆O是三角形ABC的内切圆.若三角形ABC的面积与周长的大小之比为1：2，则圆O的面积为Array A．π B．2πC．3π D．4πE．5π5．设实数a、b满足|a-b|=2，|a3-b3|=26，则a2+b2=BA．30 B．22C．15 D．13E．106．有96位顾客至少购买了甲、乙、丙三种商品中的一种，经调查：同时购买了甲、乙两种商品的有8位，同时购买了甲、丙两种商品的有12位，同时购买了乙、丙两种商品的有6位，同时购买了三种商品的有2位，则仅购买一种商品的顾客有A．70位B．72位C．74位D．76位E．82位7．如图，四边形A1B1C1D1是平行四边形，A2，B2，C2，D2分别是A1B1C1D1四边的中点，A3，B3，C3，D3分别是A2B2C2D2四边的中点.依次下去，得到四边形序列A n B n C n D n(n =1，2，3，…)，设四边形A n B n C n D n 的面积为S n ，且S 1=12，则S 1+S 2+S 3+…+S n = A ．16 B ．20 C ．24D ．28E ．308．将6张不同的卡片2张一组分别装入甲、乙、丙3个袋中，若指定的两张卡片要在同一组，则不同的装法有 A ．12种 B ．18种 C ．24种 D ．30种 E ．36种9．甲、乙两人进行围棋比赛，约定先胜2盘者赢得比赛，已知每盘棋甲获胜的概率是0.6，乙获胜的概率是0.4，若乙在第一盘获胜，则甲赢得比赛的概率为 A ．0.144 B ．0.288 C ．0.36 D ．0.4 E ．0.610．已知圆C ：x 2+(y -a )2=b ，若圆C 在点(1，2)处的切线与y 轴的交点为(0，3)，则ab =A ．-2B ．-1C ．0D ．1E ．211．羽毛球队有4名男运动员和3名女运动员，从中选出两对参加混双比赛，则不同的选派方式有 A ．9种 B ．18种C ．24种D ．36种E ．72种12．从标号为1到10的10张卡片中随机抽取2张，它们的标号之和能被5整除的概率为A ．15B ．19C ．29D ．215E ．74513．某单位为检查3个部门的工作，由这3个部门的主任和外聘的3名人员组成检查组，分2人一组检查工作，每组有1名外聘成员，规定本部门主任不能检查本部门，则不同的安排方式有 A ．6种 B ．8种 C ．12种 D ．18种 E ．36种1B 11227．盛夏时节的某一天，某市早报刊载了由该市专业气象台提供的全国部分城市当天的天气预报，择其内容列表如下：天津阴上海雷阵雨昆明小雨呼和浩特阵雨哈尔滨少云乌鲁木齐晴西安中雨南昌大雨香港多云南京雷阵雨拉萨阵雨福州阴根据上述信息，以下哪项作出的论断最为准确？A．由于所列城市分处我国的东南西北中，所以上面所列的9类天气一定就是所有的天气类型。
2016-2018年华南理工大学448汉语写作与百科知识硕士研究生入学考试题
448
华南理工大学
2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：汉语写作与百科知识
适用专业：英语笔译(专硕)；日语笔译(专硕)
448
华南理工大学
2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：汉语写作与百科知识
适用专业：英语笔译（专硕）；日语笔译（专硕）
448
华南理工大学
2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：汉语写作与百科知识
适用专业：英语笔译(专业学位)；日语笔译(专业学位)。
2018年重庆理工大学考研真题815电路A试题硕士学位研究生入学考试试
第 3 页（共 5 页）
重庆理工大学硕士研究生试题专用纸
七、（本题共 15 分）
如图所示电路，用戴维宁定理求解： 1）求负载 RL 断开时的开路电压 uoc ；（4 分） 2）当负载 RL 2 时，求电压 u ； （5 分） 3）当 RL 为何值可获得最大功率，并求最大功率 Pmax 。（6 分）
一、完成下列各题（每小题 8 分，共 32 分） 1、求图所示电路的输入阻抗 Zin。
a Z1 Байду номын сангаас2
Zin
Z4
b
Z7
Z3 Z6
Z5
2、求 U2 值为多少可使电阻 R 消耗功率为零。
100Ω
200Ω
+
+
U1 1V
200Ω R
U2
100Ω
100Ω
3、已知
U
=80∠30˚V，试求各支路的电流，并画出电路中电流的相
六、（本题共 15 分）
如图所示为 RC 电路， t 0 时开关闭合， 1）求 uC (0 ) ；（3 分） 2）求时间常数 ；（3 分） 3）求 uC () ；（3 分） 4）求 uC (t) 及 u(t) ， t 0 。（6 分）
1mA
10k
+
S
+ 10μF u c
20k u
-
-
10k
10V
重庆理工大学硕士研究生试题专用纸
重庆理工大学 2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
学院名称： 电气与电子工程学院
学科、专业名称：电气工程
考试科目（代码）：电路 （815） (A 卷)
（试题共 5 页）
注意： 1.所有试题的答案均写在专用的答题纸上，写在试题纸上一律无
2018年华南理工大学研究生入学考试专业课真题880_分析化学
880华南理工大学2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：分析化学适用专业：分析化学共13 页一、单项选择题【1-20 题每题1 分，21-30 题每题2 分】1. 按照酸碱质子理论，Na2HPO4是（）A．中性物质B．酸性物质C．碱性物质D．两性物质2. 下列有关随机误差的论述中不正确的是（）A．随机误差是由一些不确定的偶然因素造成的B．随机误差出现正误差和负误差的机会均等C．随机误差在分析测定中是不可避免的D．随机误差具有单向性3. 用氧化锌标定EDTA 溶液时，下列操作会导致EDTA 浓度偏高的是（）A．氧化锌未进行干燥B．滴定管洗净后，未用EDTA 溶液润洗C．滴定完成后，最终读数时，发现滴定管挂水珠D．最终读数时，终点颜色偏深4. 间接碘量法测定可溶性铜盐时，若放置一段时间后出现“回蓝”现象，则可能是由于（）A．反应不完全B．空气中O2氧化I-C．氧化还原反应速度慢D．淀粉指示剂变质5. 摩尔法测定Cl-，控制溶液pH=4.0，其滴定终点将（）A．不受影响B．提前到达C．推迟到达D．刚好等于化学计量点6. 用高锰酸钾法测定铁，一般使用硫酸而不是盐酸调节酸度，其主要原因是（）A．盐酸有挥发性B．硫酸可以起催化作用C．盐酸强度不够D．Cl-可能与KMnO4 反应7. AgCl 在0.01mol/L HCl 中溶解度比在纯水中小，是（）的结果。
A．共同离子效应B．酸效应C．盐效应D．配位效应8. 氧化还原反应的条件平衡常数与下列哪个因素无关（）A．氧化剂与还原剂的初始浓度B．氧化剂与还原剂的副反应系数C．两个半反应电对的标准电位D．反应中两个电对的电子转移数9. pH 玻璃电极使用前必须在水中浸泡，其主要目的是（）A．清洗电极B．活化电极C．校正电极D．清除吸附杂质10. 用氟离子选择性电极测定水中（含有微量的Fe3+、Al3+、Ca2+、Cl-）的氟离子时，应选用的离子强度调节缓冲溶液为（）A．0.1 mol/L KNO3B．0.1 mol/L NaOHC．0.1 mol/L 柠檬酸钠（pH 调至5-6）D．0.1 mol/L NaAc（pH 调至5-6）11. 在正相色谱柱上分离含物质1,2,3 的混合物，其极性大小依次为：物质1>物质2>物质3，其保留时间t 的相对大小依次为（）A．t1>t2>t3B．t1<t2<t3C．t2>t1>t3D．t2<t1<t312. 常用于评价色谱分离条件选择是否适宜的参数是（）A．理论塔板数B．塔板高度C．分离度D．死时间13. 在符合朗伯-比尔定律的范围内，有色物质的浓度、最大吸收波长、吸光度三者的关系是（）A．增加、增加、增加B．减小、不变、减小C．减小、增加、增加D．增加、不变、减小14. 下列仪器分析方法中适宜采用内标法定量的是（）A. 紫外-可见分光光度法B. 原子吸收光谱法C. 色谱分析法D. 极谱分析法15. 用0.10 mol/L NaOH 滴定同浓度HAc（pKa=4.74）的pH 突跃范围为7.7~9.7。
2018硕士研究生报考的全部条件
2018硕士研究生报考的全部条件在职研究生目前已经成为了现在比较热门的教育形式，报考在职研究生不仅可以学到很多的专业知识，还能拿到与全日制研究生具有同等效力的证书，这让很多在职人员都有了报考在职研究生的打算。
那么，大家知道2018硕士研究生报考的全部条件吗？(一)报名参加硕士研究生全国统一入学考试的人员，须符合下列条件：1.中华人民共和国公民。
2.拥护中国共产党的领导，愿为社会主义现代化建设服务，品德良好，遵纪守法。
3.年龄一般不超过40周岁，报考委托培养和自筹经费的考生年龄不限。
4.身体健康状况符合国家和招生单位规定的体检要求。
5.已获硕士或博士学位的人员只准报考委托培养或自筹经费硕士生。
6.考生的学历必须符合下列条件之一：(1)国家承认学历的应届本科毕业生。
(2)具有国家承认的大学本科毕业学历的人员。
(3)获得国家承认的高职高专毕业学历后，经2年或2年以上(从高职高专毕业到2015年9月1日，下同)，达到与大学本科毕业生同等学力，且符合招生单位根据本单位的培养目标对考生提出的具体业务要求的人员。
(4)国家承认学历的本科结业生和成人高校(含普通高校举办的成人高等学历教育)应届本科毕业生，按本科毕业生同等学力身份报考。
(5)已获硕士、博士学位的人员。
自考本科生和网络教育本科生须在报名现场确认截止日期前取得国家承认的大学本科毕业证书方可报考。
在校研究生报考须在报名前征得所在培养单位同意。
(二)专业学位硕士研究生全国统一考试的报考条件按下列规定执行：1.报名参加法律硕士(非法学)专业学位研究生招生考试的人员，须符合下列条件：(1)符合(一)中的各项要求。
(2)在高校学习的专业为非法学专业(普通高等学校本科专业目录法学门类中的法学类专业[代码为0301]毕业生不得报考)。
2.报名参加法律硕士(法学)专业学位研究生招生考试的人员，须符合下列条件：(1)符合(一)中的各项要求。
(2)在高校学习的专业为法学专业(仅普通高等学校本科专业目录法学门类中的法学类专业[代码为0301]毕业生方可报考)。
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2018年专业学位研究生入学统一考试
《船舶原理》考试科目命题指导意见
一、考试性质
《船舶原理》是2018年船舶与海洋工程硕士专业学位研究生入学统一考试的科目之一。
《船舶原理》考试要力求反映船舶与海洋工程硕士专业学位的特点，科学、公平、准确、规范地测评考生的基本素质和综合能力，选拔具有发展潜力的优秀人才入学，为国家的经济建设培养具有良好职业道德、具有较强分析与解决实际问题能力的高层次、应用型、复合型的船舶与海洋工程专业人才。
二、考试要求
测试考生对于船舶与海洋工程基本概念、基础理论的掌握和运用能力。
三、考试内容
本课程包括船舶静力学、船舶结构力学和船舶阻力与推进三部分内容。
1.船舶静力学
1.1船体形状及近似计算
●主尺度、船型系数和尺度比。
●船体计算的数值积分方法。
1.2 浮性
●浮性定义
●船舶重量和重心位置的计算
●排水量和浮心位置的计算
●在水的重量密度改变时船舶的浮态变化
●储备浮力及载重线标志。
1.3 初稳性
●初稳性定义
●稳心及稳心半径
●初稳性公式、稳性高
●重量移动对船舶浮态及初稳性的影响
●装卸载荷对船舶浮态及初稳性的影响
●自由液面对船舶初稳性的影响
●悬挂重量对船舶初稳性的影响
●船舶倾斜试验。
1.4大倾角稳性
●大倾角稳性的定义
●船舶静稳性曲线的变排水量计算法
●静稳性曲线的特征
●动稳性
●极限重心高度曲线
1.5 抗沉性
●进水舱的分类及渗透率
●舱室进水后船舶浮态及稳性的计算
●分舱因数及许用舱长
2. 船舶结构力学
2.1 单跨梁的弯曲理论
●掌握求解单跨梁弯曲的初参数法
●掌握梁的复杂弯曲和弹性基础梁的微分方程●会查梁的弯曲要素表
●了解剪切对梁弯曲变形的影响
2.2 杆件的扭转理论
●掌握杆件扭转惯性矩的计算方法
●掌握剪力流的概念和计算方法
2.3 力法和位移法
●掌握力法和位移法的基本原理
●掌握力法和位移法的应用
2.4 能量法
●掌握应变能和余能的概念
●掌握虚功原理的概念
●掌握虚位移原理的简单应用
2.5 矩形板的弯曲理论
●掌握矩形板的弯曲微分方程
2.6 杆和板的稳定性
●掌握单跨杆和多跨杆的稳定性理论
●了解板的中性平衡微分方程
●了解板的后屈曲性能
3. 船舶阻力与推进
3.1 船舶总论
●掌握船体阻力的分类方法及分类
●掌握阻力相似定律，傅汝德相似定律
3.2粘性阻力
●掌握边界层与摩擦阻力概念
●掌握船体摩擦阻力的计算步骤
掌握粘压阻力的成因和特性
3.3 兴波阻力
●掌握船行波的主要特性
●掌握兴波阻力干扰的预测方法
●掌握减小兴波阻力的方法
3.4 船模阻力试验
●掌握船模与实船的阻力换算方法
●了解船模阻力数据表达法
3.5 船型对阻力的影响
●掌握船体主尺度对阻力的影响
●掌握主要船型系数对阻力的影响
3.6 推进部分
●掌握螺旋桨的几何特性
●掌握作用在桨叶上的力和力矩
●掌握敞水试验相似定律，临界雷诺数和尺度效应，换算方法
●掌握半流及推进减额
●掌握推进系数及推进效率
●掌握空泡对叶切面及螺旋桨性能的影响
●掌握减小空泡的措施
●掌握螺旋桨初步设计的基本步骤
四、考试方式与分值
本科目满分150分，其中：船舶静力学60分、船舶结构力学和船舶阻力与推进各45分。
由哈尔滨工业大学自行命题，全国统一考试。
五、参考书目
1. 船舶结构力学，陈铁云、陈伯真主编。
上海交通大学出版社1990版
2. 船舶原理（上下册），盛振邦、刘应中主编。
上海交通大学出版社2003版。