2017-2018学年高中英语译林版必修5教师用书：Unit 1 S

Section Ⅳ Task &Project
根据提示写出下列单词
1．adj.没有好转希望的，无望的
2．v t.克服，解决
3．n.泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识
4．v i.做出反应，回应
5．n.公寓套房
6．v i.&n. 停顿，暂停
7．ad v. 不顾；不管怎样
8．n.平安，安全；安全措施
9．v i.依靠，信赖
10．n.宽恕；仁慈
11．n.态度，看法
12．adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的
【答案】 1.hopeless 2.overcome 3.acquaintance 4．respond 5.apartment mitted
根据提示补全下列短语
1．get (用电话)接通
2．be eager sth. 渴望做某事
3．regardless 不管，不顾
4．end 最后成为；最终处于
5．rely 依靠，依赖
6．thanks 幸亏；由于
7．be cautious 对……谨慎的
8．be based 以……为基础，以……为根据
9．conclusion 总之
10. look back 回顾
【答案】 1.through 2.to do 3.of 4.up 5.on 6．to7.about8.on 9.in10.on
根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．A boy is likely to be cautious about sharing his feelings with his close friends.
对于与密友们分享感情这件事，一个男孩会更加谨慎。

2．When asked，they usually hesitate before responding...
当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往都要在回答之前犹豫一下……
3．I am of the same opinion (as...)．
我(与……)持同样的观点。

的教材课文，选择最佳答案
阅读P18
－19
1．It is beyond Robert ．
A．why girls like to stay in groups
B．why Sharon likes to stay with Amanda
C．how Amanda has so many close friends
D．how girls can carry on such a long conversation
2．Compared with boys，girls ．
A．are more curious about everything
B．are fonder of activities
C．have more best friends
D．have more free time
3．When boys are asked about their best friends，they often ．
A．hesitate B．become nervous
C．refuse to answer D．look excited
4．Which of the following is NOT the author's opinion about a boy's friendship and a girl's friendship?
A．A boy's friendship and a girl's friendship are different.
B．A boy's friendship and a girl's friendship should be based on the shared feelings.
C．A boy's friendship and a girl's friendship are the same in some way.
D．A boy's friendship and a girl's friendship require the same qualities.
5．What can we learn from “What friendship means to me”？
A．Jenny quarreled with the author one time only.
B．The author doesn't study hard until the final exam.
C．It's a great help to the author having Jenny
around.
D．The author doesn't think highly of those who like money.
【答案】1—5DCABC
阅读P19的课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
What friendship means to me
What is the most important in life？Different people have different 1. (opinion) ．Some people choose money，while others choose things like 2. (secure) and comfort.Those 3.choose money as the most important thing may end up 4.(lose) all his or her friends.Friendship means 5.(have) someone that you can rely 6.．It also means being committed 7.
others. As a friend，you have to learn 8.(patient) and mercy and make
9.apology when you hurt your friends.Friendship can 10.(find)even in a waiting room or on a trolleybus.
【答案】 1.opinions 2.security 3.who 4.losing 5．having 6.on7.to 8.patience9.an10.be found
hopeless adj.没有好转希望的，无望的；糟透的
(教材P13)Life is not hopeless.
生活不是无望的。

(1)a hopeless situation/attempt 没有希望的局势/尝试
be hopeless at 在……无能的；不能胜任的
(2)hopeful 有希望的
①He's hopeless at maths.
他对数学一窍不通。

②We are hopeful (hope)of the future.
我们对未来充满希望。

overcome (overcame，overcome)v.克服，解决；被(烟；感情等)熏(压)倒；使受不了；得胜
(教材P13)We will listen to your problems and offer you practical advice on how to overcome them.我们将听你的问题并且就怎么克服它们给你提供很实用的建议。

be overcome by/with 被……所压倒
be overcome by hunger 因饥饿而软弱无力
overcome difficulties(shortcomings，weaknesses)
克服困难(缺点，弱点)
①We'll overcome that difficulty when we get to it.
当我们遇到那种困难的时候，我们会解决的。

②I was overcome by a sense of failure.
我被失败感所压倒。

【导学号：35362008】[图形助记]
图记“overcome”
get through (用电话)接通；穿过；完成
(教材P13)Our lines can get very busy，but please keep trying and you will soon get through.
我们的线路可能很忙，但是请不断尝试，最终你会接通的。

get along/on well with... 和……相处得好，进展顺利
get over 从……中恢复；克服困难
get together 聚会
get across 被理解，讲清楚
get around 传播，各处走动
①How shall we get over this difficulty?
我们如何克服这个困难呢？
②Did your speech get across to the crowd?
你的演讲被群众了解了吗？
【导学号：35362009】
attitude n．态度，看法
(教材P18)Boys and girls have different attitudes towards friendship.
男生和女生对友谊的态度是不一样的。

attitude to/towards sb./sth. 对……的态度/看法
have a positive/negative attitude to/towards sb./sth.
对某人/某事物持肯定/否定的态度/看法take/adopt a/an...attitude 采取……的态度
①They adopt a strong attitude towards this matter.
他们对这件事采取强硬的态度。

②He always takes/has a friendly attitude to us.
他对我们总是采取友好的态度。

③What is your attitude to the problem?
你对这问题的看法如何？
be based on/upon 以……为基础，以……为根据
(教材P18)Friendships between girls are usually anchored in shared feelings and support，but friendships between boys are based on shared activities or interests.
女孩之间的友谊通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之间的友谊则以共同的活动或兴趣为基础。

base n．基础；基地，根据地
v t.以……为据点
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础之上
①In 1849，he went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary work.
在1849年，他去了英格兰并将伦敦作为他革命工作的基地。

②He based his opinion on the facts.
他的观点是以事实为基础的。

cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的
(教材P18)A boy is likely to be cautious about sharing his feelings with his close friends.
对于与密友们分享感情这件事，一个男孩会更加谨慎。

(1)be cautious about
对……小心谨慎的 (2)caution n.
小心，谨慎 with caution 谨慎地
①It is said that she is cautious about telling secrets.
据说她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。

②He drove his car with caution.
他开车很谨慎。

end up 最终成为；最终处于
(教材P 19)I ended up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting room.
最终我回到火车站，在候车室里过完了这一天。

end up ＋⎩⎨⎧v .­ing
adj .prep .phrase
①The boss ended up dead in a car accident.
那位老板最后在一次车祸中丧命。

②The festival ended up with fireworks.
节日最后以燃放烟花结束。

③At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing (apologize)．
开始他拒绝承担任何责任，但最终还是道歉了。

rely on 依靠，依赖；指望
(教材P 19)Friendship means having someone I can rely on .
友谊意味着拥有我可以依靠的人。

(1)rely on/upon sb.for help/one's own efforts
依靠某人的帮助/自己的努力rely on/upon sb.to do sth. 指望某人做某事
rely on/upon it that... 相信……(事情)
(2)reliable adj.可靠的，可依赖的
①You may rely on it that he will come to see you.
你放心好了，他会来看你的。

②That young woman is not to be relied upon/on．
那个年轻女人不可靠。

【导学号：35362010】
thanks to幸亏；由于
(教材P19)Thanks to her help，I was able to pass the exam.多亏她的帮助，我才能通过考试。

[明辨异同]thanks to/due to/owing to/because of
①雪莱成为诗人可能是由于母亲的影响。

That Shelley became a poet may have been his mother's influence.
②乔因英语不及格没被申报的那所大学录取。

Joe's application to the university was not accepted his failing English.
③多亏了你的帮助，我们得以成功。

your help，we were successful.
【答案】①due to/owing to②due to/because of/owing to③Thanks to/Owing to/Because of
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的
(教材P19)Friendship means being committed to others.友谊意味着对他人的忠诚。

(1)commit v t.致力于，使承担义务；犯(罪，错)，干(坏事)；
承诺，委托
commit a crime 犯罪
commit oneself to sth. 专心致志于；献身于
(2)be committed to 致力于；献身于
①He has committed himself to the cause of education.他已决心献身教育事业。

②The doctor was committed to practical medicine.
那位医生致力于实用医学。

③Most crimes are committed by young men.
多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。

mercy n．宽恕；仁慈
(教材P19)Because I am a friend，I have had to learn patience and mercy.
因为我是朋友，我不得不学会忍耐和仁慈。

at the mercy of 任……摆布
without mercy 无情地
have mercy on 对……表示同情
show mercy to 对……表示同情
①They were lost at the sea，at the mercy of the wind and weather.
他们在海上迷了路，任凭风和天气的摆布。

②They had little mercy on their enemy.
他们对敌人毫不留情。

③He showed mercy to the defeated enemy.
他怜悯被打败的敌人。

Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Since my parents，responding to my request of buying a MP3 player with a smile，I wrote sadly to Agony Aunt asking for suggestion and got a response very soon.(respond)
2．Robert was eager to talk about life in the Army.Therefore，we want to listen eagerly．(eager)
3．We received a letter of apology，in which Tom apologized to us for his being late for the meeting.
(apologize)
4．We should rely on reliable persons.(rely)
5．The cautious cashier counted the cash cautiously in order to be certain that the number was correct.(caution)
Ⅱ.选词填空
I like coffee tea.
2．The child makes a plan ．
3．They all kinds of illness in those years.
4．Friendship mutual respect and understanding.
【导学号：35362011】5． a few words，I don't know French at all.
【答案】 1.rather than 2.in advance 3.suffered from 4.is based on 5.Aside from
(教材P 14)I am of the same opinion (as...)．
我(与……)持同样的观点。

【要点提炼】 句中of the same opinion 属于“of ＋the same ＋名词”结构，作表语。

“be of ＋抽象名词”结构的用法归纳如下：
(1)be of great/much ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧value importance use help
＝be very ＋⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧valuable important useful helpful
(be of ＋抽象名词＝be ＋该词的同根形容词)
(2)be of a(n)/the/the same ＋n .“属于，归于”(这类抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式)
be of the size/weight/height/age/colour/kind/type ，
etc.
①The two pigs are of the same weight .
这两头猪一样重。

②The dictionary is of great value to us.
＝The dictionary is very valuable to us.
这本字典对我们来说很有用(价值)。

③The dictionary is of great help.
＝The dictionary is very helpful ．
这本词典很有帮助。

(教材P 18)When asked ，they usually hesitate before responding...
当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往都要在回答之前犹豫一下……
【要点提炼】When asked是一个省略了主谓的状语从句，补充完整为：When they are asked。

在从属连词(when，while，once等)引导的状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，并且从句谓语中含有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可以省略。

①While in college，he lived a simple life.
在大学期间，他过着简单的生活。

(从句可补充完整为While he was in college，...)
②Even though invited，he will not go there.
即使受到邀请，他也不去那儿。

(从句可补充完整为Even though he is invited，...)
③Unless frightened，elephants will not attack you.(frighten)
除非受到惊吓，否则大象不会攻击你。

(从句可补充完整为Unless they are frightened，...)
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He has the same opinion as I.
→He the same opinion as I.
2．The book is very valuable to me.
→The book to me.
【答案】 1.is of 2.is of great value
Ⅱ.把下面的句子改为省略句
1．Don't speak until you are spoken to.
2．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
【导学号：35362012】3．Be careful while you are crossing the road.
【答案】 1.Don't speak until spoken to. 2.She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone. 3.Be careful while crossing the road.
建议信
建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告。

建议信有可能是写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点。

也可能是写给某个组织和机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。

建议信一定要礼貌当先，要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。

一、建议信的结构
首段：表明写作意图。

陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。

主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。

千万注意不要让别人以为你是在投诉，而不是提建议。

结尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，要有礼貌，使对方容易接受。

二、建议信的语言
语言一定要委婉、礼貌，顾及他人的感情。

慎重使用must，should，ought to 才能使对方能够高兴地接受你的劝告或建议。

要想提出好建议，你必须展示出独特的见解。

[亮点句式]
1．I would like to suggest that...
我想建议……
2．I am writing to express my views concerning...
我写信来是要表达我有关……的看法。

3．You have asked for my advice with regard to...and I will try to make some suggestions.
你问我有关……的事情，我会尝试着提出一些建议。

4．If I were you，I would...
如果我是你，我会……
5．It seems to me that you could...
我认为你可以……
6．I think it would be more beneficial if you could...
我想如果你能……，可能会更好。

7．I believe you will take my advice into account.
我相信你会认真考虑我的建议的。

8．I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/recommendations practical/useful/helpful.
我希望这些建议/意见/看法对你来说实用/有用/有帮助。

9．I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
如果这方面有所改善我会非常开心的。

10．I will be ready for further discussing this matter into details.
我时刻准备着就此事进行更详尽的讨论。

[写作任务]
假如你是某报社编辑Bob，收到了李华的一封来信。

请仔细阅读下面的来信，并用英语写一封回信，就他遇到的问题进行分析并提出合理建议。

注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Bob，
I'm a student from Xinhua Senior High School.I have some difficulties communicating with my parents.Although I have tried my best，I find it really difficult to make them satisfied.So I feel lonely sometimes.I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
[审题谋篇]
[遣词造句
Ⅰ.词汇
1．v t.分享，分担；分配
v i.共享；分担
2．n．程序；日常工作；例行公事
3．v t.说服；使确信，使信服
4．n．代沟(两代人之间的隔阂)
5．n．期待；预期；指望
【答案】 1.share 2.routine 3.convince 4.generation gap 5.expectation Ⅱ.句式
1．I've to say you've not alone when you have trouble communicating with parents.(用省略句式)
【答案】I've to say you've not alone when having trouble communicating with parents.
2．It's a common problem shared by many，and its cause lies in what we call “generation gap”．(用定语从句合并句子)
【答案】It's a common problem shared by many，whose cause lies in what we call “generation gap”．
[妙笔成篇]
【参考范文】
Dear Li Hua，
Thanks for trusting me.I'm glad to give you some suggestions.
To begin with，I've to say you've not alone when having trouble communicating with parents.Almost everybody had it in their adolescence.Therefore，it's a common problem shared by many，whose cause lies in what we call “generation gap”．As for my advice for you，first of all，don't hide your feelings.You can make it a routine to share your thoughts with your parents.
Secondly，convince them that you have tried your best.I believe they will be content with you so long as they know you have tried your best to live up to their expectation.Anyway，no one loves you more than your parents in the world.
Good luck!
Yours，
Bob。