大学英语自学教程(上下)讲义

视频互动讲义二
解惑：
★set about：出发，开始，着手
set aside：拒绝，忽视，挑出
set back：推迟，阻碍
set down：卸下，记下，放下
set forth：阐明，陈述
★set off：出发，引起，使发生
★set out(to do)：打算，着手
set up：建立，树立，资助
lonely：形容词，寂寞的，孤单的；★alone：形容词，独自一人的；副词，独立，仅仅。

late：形容词，迟的，晚的；lately：副词，最近，不久前,later 随后，稍后
对于单词词性和词组含义上的比较及用法上的区别，希望大家能点滴积累，脚踏实地地强行记忆，这对战胜英语二极为有利。

一、第三单元重点内容回顾
Text A
1.not any(no) longer：注意词组含义和any的用法。

2.★weak----weaken：注意词性转换，同时关注主、被动含义。

3.help sb. do(with)：注意后面用原形动词。

4.be affected with：注意词组含义。

5.recover----recovery：注意词性上的转换。

6.permit----permission：注意词性上的转换。

7.technique----technical----technically----★technician：注意词性
上的转换。

8.legal(ly)----illegal(ly)：注意词意反差。

(in law/out of law)
9.★carry out：注意词组含义，总结与carry有关的词组。

10.★in addition to----in addition：注意词组在含义，完型与词汇
常考。

11.c are(careless) for：注意词组含义。

12.★★oppose to=object to=against：注意含义，to后应用动名词
形式。

13.s hort----★shorten----shortening：注意词性转换。

14.m ove----movement----moving(touching)：注意词性变化。

15.r espect---respectable---respectful----respective----respectively：
注意词性转换及词义。

16.s ense----★sensitive(to)----sensible----senseless：注意词性上的
转换及本词搭配(★★make sense)。

Text B
1.★fair----unfair，just----unjust:注意词意反差。

2.amount to：注意词组含义(注意to为介词)。

3.★There is no doubt ★that(注意这个词的使用，属于同位语从
句范畴)…：注意句型。

4.agree(disagree)with(agreement----agreeable)：注意词汇含义上
的反差。

5.★on (the) average：注意词组含义，完型和翻译经常考。

pete(with)----competition：注意词性转换。

7.★bla me…for/on：因…责备某人/因…归咎于某人，注意介词
搭配。

8.interview----interviewer----interviewee:：注意词性和词意的变
换。

9.by nature(natural/naturally)：注意词组的含义及介词的应用。

10.★access(have access to)----accessible to：注意词组搭配和词性
的转换。

11.W hen it comes to…：注意句型配备，“当谈及到…”。

12.a ppear to=seem to sb./be：“似乎”，属于系表结构。

13.b e related to(relating to)=be associated with：注意词组搭配。

14.★★be worth doing/名词：注意词组搭配，后面虽然用动名词
的主动形式，但表示的一般为被动含义。

15.★★while：表示转折或让步，“尽管，虽然，然而，但”。

第四单元重点内容的回顾
Text A
1.There are(It is) estimated to(that)…：注意句型，翻译常考。

2.bring over：注意词组含义，同时注意bring包含的所有词组。

3.pay----payment----★paid：注意词性的转换。

4.★★have sth. done：该词组为重点考查内容，一定要记住固定用法，无论have以何种形式出现(has/had)，中间为物时，后面一般是done，中间为人时，后面一般是do(done/doing，但较少出现考点)。

5.convict…of：注意词组搭配。

6.be deserving of doing(deserve doing/to do/n.)：注意词组搭配。

7.★★be supposed to：注意后面是否为完成形式。

8.threat----threaten：注意词性转换。

9.★★used to do/be used to doing/got used to doing：注意词组在含义上的辨析及后面词汇使用的形式。

10.protect…from doing(being done)…：注意词组含义。

11.distinguish…from(between)=different from：注意词组含义及介词搭配。

Text B
1.raise/rise：注意两词之间的区别(raise的另一含义需要强化)。

2.make one’ s way to：注意词组搭配。

3.eight-foot:：注意中间有连字符的词做定语时，一般使用原形。

4.★up to：注意词组的含义。

5.deny：注意含义，同时后面应使用动名词形式。

6.abolish=cancel：注意词汇含义。

7.It is an effective way to…：注意句型(an)，翻译常考。

8.★react (reaction)to：注意词组搭配。

9.sharp----sharpen----sharply：注意词性转换。

10.★make sb. do/be made to do----★make oneself done：注意词组用法上的区别。

11.call up(for/on)：注意与call搭配的词组含义。

12.go by：注意词组含义。

13.surprise----★surprisingly：注意词性的转换。

14.clean up：注意词组含义。

15.a great deal of ：一般接不可数名词。

mit crime：注意词组含义。

17.punish----punishment：注意词性的转换。

18.argue(for)----argument：注意词汇拼写的差异及本词固定搭配(第1单元)。

19.wide----widen：注意词性的转换。

二、令人头疼的语法点回顾
1、一般将来时：表示将来的行为或状态(will/be going to/shall/be about to/be to)。

注意：be to与be about to的区别----be about to表示很快就要发生的动作，不可跟表示将来的时间状语连用；be to表示按计划要做的事或指出做事的必要性，可跟时间状语。

We a test next week.
A. are to
B. are about to
C. are going to
D. are being to
选什么？自己想想。

2、过去将来时：表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的行为或状态(would/should+do/was/were going to do)。

学员在应用该时态时，需要找好参照时态进行抉择。

3、过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生或完成了的行为(had/had been+done)。

两个特殊用法：★★★过去完成时常用于“no sooner…than”和“hardly(scarcely)…when”的主句中，从句常用一般过去时，同时no sooner, hardly位于句首时，主句要求倒装。

试试：Scarcely when it began to rain.
A. did he return
B. had he returned
C. he did return
D. he had returned
说吧：看见了什么？主要句型出来了，选择B。

No sooner had he reached home the telephone rang.
A. when
B. then
C. it
D. than
说吧：主要句型记住了吗？选择D。

别一高兴选B啊！(尤其注意no sooner后面一定是过去完成时，而than后是一般过去时)
三、阅读：30分(3*10)
我的要求：20分以上。

在做阅读理解的题型中，一定要首先看懂问题，把问题中的关键词用铅笔描绘出来，同时脑海中带着这些关键词迅速回到原文，并按
照段落的顺序把这些关键词首次出现的地方找到。

当然，从近年的出题形式上分析，有很多情况可以领悟关键词的深刻含义，如原文是people in Japan,而问题中以Japanese来提问，或原文中是father and mother，而问题中以parents来提问，或一些含义相近的词汇作为关键词的使用，如fee=dollar=money=cost，teens=young people等等。

待锁定目标后，仅看关键词所在句的左右各一句话基本就可以了。

领悟含义后，迅速回到答案中进行排除和选择。

关键词的选择，不一定是一个词，有时会有两个或多个(如主语+动词/形容词+地点/时间)，对于它们的含义不一定马上能理解，但要求记住拼写，这样再去找它们首次出现的地方，相对容易多了。

The blues was born on the Mississippi River Delta in the early 1900s.
①After the Civil War, the slaves were free but life was still not easy. They had to find new work. In the South, work camps were formed. Black people from these camps worked on farms and on building up the Mississippi River banks. During the week the people worked long and hard. ②They often lived alone, without their families, far from home. On the weekends, the workers got together at picnics or drinking places. Travelling black musicians with guitars entertained them. The musicians sang songs about the difficult life of the workers. These songs were called the blues.
③If you have the blues it means you feel very sad. You can have the blues because you have no money, no job, no lover, or no home. But blue songs were not always sad. Some of them were happy and many of them were funny.
Sometimes the blues singers had song contests. Each singer sang
new words or a new style of the blues song. ④They made up the music as they played. In this way they created new music. This is called improvisation. Later, improvisation became a very important part of jazz music.
Blues began in the country in the South. As blacks moved into the big cities to work, the blues went with them. There, they sang about life in the cities. W. C. Handy, a black band leader from Memphis made the blues popular all over America. In 1914 he wrote the most famous blues song of all, “The St. Louis Blues”.
26. After the Civil War, the Black people _________.
A. were mostly slaves
B. still led a hard life
C. enjoyed their new life with families
D. worked on their own farms
解析：找到关键词Civil War+Black people，选择答案B。

27. At the very beginning, the blues were _________.
A. not performed on formal occasions
B. traditional songs of the Black people
C. about the life of travelling musicians
D. very popular throughout the nation
解析：找到关键词Blues，选择A。

28. What kind of emotion does the blues express?
A. Sadness
B. Happiness
C. Joking
D. All of the above
解析：找到对Blues的描述，选择D。

29. How did “improvisation” come into being?
A. The blues singers gathered to have contests.
B. New words were added into old songs.
C. New styles were played with guitars.
D. The blues singers created music while playing.
解析：找到关键词improvisation，选择D。

30. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The blues were born in the country in the South.
B. The blues soon disappeared in big cities.
C. W. C. Handy is the first blues singer in US.
D. The most well-known blues song is “The St. Louis Blues”.
解析：最后一段说明答案，选择C。

汉译英：
1、警察能保证证人免受危险。

解析：The police can ensure(protect)the witness from(against)danger.
2、他说的与事实完全相反。

解析：What he said was totally(wholly/absolutely)opposed to the fact.
3、这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。

解析：The student exploits(uses)every possibility to learn(study)English.
4、这位钢琴家把这首曲子演奏得完美极了。

解析：The pianoist executed(played/performed)the piece of music perfectly.
5、她应该被送去坐牢。

解析：She deserves to be sent to prison.
自己杀杀：
1、Since we have a focused subject，we should not talk ________.
A. at once
B. at hand
C. at intervals
D. at random
2、With such a poor score in the entrance exam，it‟s ________ impossible for him to be admitted to this university.
A. roughly
B. absolutely
C. fully
D. exclusively
3、Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement，he wonders _______ will happen to his family life.
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. this
4、Never before _______ so rapidly developing as it is today.
A. has our country been
B. our country has been
C. has been our country
D. our country hasn…t been
5、He would have given you more help，if he ________ so busy.
A. have not been
B. had not been
C. not have been
D. not had been
6、It has becoming (increase)difficult to find good teachers.
7、Charles Smith，______ was my former teacher，retired last year.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. as
8、The volleyball match was televised ________ on CCTV.
A. alive
B. life
C. live
D. lively
作业：1、独立完成第三、四单元课后翻译练习。

2、认真理解教材后word study中的例句。

3、总结词组含义----cut down, cut across, cut back, cut in, cut off, cut out。

区别formerly与formally, later与latter，assure与ensure。

4、认真复习今日讲解材料。

5、预习第五、六单元的精讲内容及词汇。

6、关注我的博客。

7、如有问题，欢迎随时进入答疑室与我交流。