21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册Unit3

21世纪⼤学实⽤英语综合教程第⼆册Unit3
教案
1st period Text A (Global Reading)
1 Background Information
Michael Jordan was born on February 17, 1963, in Brooklyn, New York, but his family decided to move to Wilmington, North Carolina when he was still a toddler. Jordan is the fourth of five children, including two older brothers and an older and younger sister. Michael’s dad worked hard at an electric plant while his mom labored full-time at a bank. Jordan’s parents worked hard to provide him and his siblings with a comfortable lifestyle.
By the time Jordan was finishing his senior year at Laney, he had grown to 6’5” and attained a basketball scholarship from the University of North Carolina. Jordan’s ever-growing popularity began at UNC where he made a last minute game winning shot in the NCAA championship game.
Michael’s talent and personality transcended the very lives of his fans. He single-handedly paved the way for off-the-court athlete endorsements —a billion dollar industry today!
2, Group Discussion
1) What’s Michael Jordan’s ultimate goal
2) How did he approach his goals
3) What did Jordan learn when he got cut from the varsity team in high school
4) How did Jordan achieve his goal of becoming a starter on the varsity
5) What did Jordan visualize each time
6) What did Jordan gain every time he reached his goal
7) What does the writer think of success
3, Overview
Nothing seek, nothing find (⽆所求则⽆所获), as the saying goes. Set a goal, try to approach it, and there’s a good chance you’ll be successful. Talk to your classmates and tell them what your personal and professional goals are and how you achieved / will achieve them.
If you try as hard as you can and don’t succeed, don’t get down on yourself. Actually you will have some accomplishments along the way. Besides, not everyone is going to be the greatest at something. But you still can be considered a success. 4, Understanding the Text
What did he visualize each time
What did he gain every time he reached his goal
What does the writer think of success
Why does he always set short-time goals
What’s the best way of accomplishing something
2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)
Ⅰ. Words and Expressions
professional a. of or belonging to a profession; earning money by playing a game, acting, etc.职业的；属于某专业的；职业性的
approach 1. vt. move towards; come or go near(er) to; (begin to) deal with靠近；接近；（着⼿）处理；（开始）对付，对待
2. n. act of approaching; way leading to sth.; path; road; way of dealing with a person or thing 接近；途径；⼊门; （处理问题的）⽅式，⽅法challenge n. invitation or call (to sb.) to take part in a game, contest, fight, etc. to prove who is better, stronger, more able, etc.; difficult, demanding or stimulating task 挑战；邀请⽐赛；艰巨的任务
She refused to take up the challenge that was offered.
Bringing up a child is a tough challenge most people will face.
step by step: proceeding steadily from one stage to the next; gradually ⼀步⼀步地；逐步地
He is improving step by step.
Step by step he learned the rules of the game.
level n. relative position in rank, class or authority ⽔平，级别
catch up with advanced world levels 赶上世界先进⽔平
Students at this level tend to have a lot of problems with grammar.
这⼀级别的学⽣往往会有许多语法问题。

sophomore n. student in the second year of high school or university（中学或⼤学的）⼆年级学⽣
相关词汇：freshman 新⽣，⼀年级学⽣
junior 三年级学⽣
senior 四年级学⽣
chemistry n. scientific study of the structure of substances, how they react when combined or in contact with one another, and how they behave under different conditions 化学
taste. n. sensation caused in the tongue by things placed on it; sense by which flavor is known 味道，滋味；味觉
Taste is one of the five senses. 味觉是五种官能之⼀。

2. v. be able to perceive (flavors); test the flavor of (sth.); have a certain flavor 能辨别（味道）；尝，品尝；有某种味道
I can hardly taste what I’m eating because of my cold.
Come and taste the coffee we’ve just made.
look back: think about or remember things that happened in the past 回顾; 回想When I look back I realize how happy my childhood was.
现在回想起来,我才意识到⾃⼰的童年是多么幸福。

I enjoy looking back on my school days.
我喜欢回忆我的学⽣时代。

work on: be engaged in 从事于，致⼒于
She works hard on keeping herself fit.
她努⼒保持⾝体健康。

I worked all night on that article.
我整夜都在写那篇⽂章。

reasonable a. (of people) ready to use or listen to reason; sensible; (of emotions, opinions, etc.) in accordance with reason （⼈）讲道理的；通情达理的；（感情、见解等）合理的
He is a perfectly reasonable person.
他是个⼗分通情达理的⼈。

He gave a reasonable excuse for his being late.
对他的迟到他提出了⼀个正当的理由。

build on: use as a foundation; rely on 以…为基础；依赖
The company’s success is built on its very popular washing machines.
这家公司的成功在于其⽣产的洗⾐机⾮常受欢迎。

The insurance business is built on trust.
保险业务是以诚信为基础的。

come through: complete or endure sth. successfully 胜利，成功；安然度过
Most of the troops came through the fighting unharmed.
经过这场战⽃，部队⼤部分⼠兵都安然⽆恙。

We don’t know whether he’ll come through the operation.
我们不知道他能否安然通过这次⼿术。

Mental a. of, in or to the mind 精神的；思想上的；内⼼的；存在于脑中的mental power
He made a mental note to remember to get the lock fixed.
他⼼中记住要请⼈修锁。

otherwise conj. if conditions were different; if not 不然；否则
Let’s go now otherwise we’ll be late.
我们现在就⾛吧，否则就要迟到了。

It’s perfectly harmless, otherwise I wouldn’t have done it.
这没有⼀点坏处，否则我也不会去⼲的。

failure n. act or state of being unsuccessful; person, attempt or thing that fails 失败；失败的⼈（或事）
As a writer he was a failure.
作为⼀个作家他是失败的。

She had many failures before finding the right method.
经历了多次失败，她才找到正确的⽅法。

puzzle
1. n. question that is difficult to understand or answer; mystery; problem or toy that is designed to test a person’s knowledge, ingenuity, skill, etc. 难题；令⼈费解的事；谜；测试智⼒、技巧等的问题（或玩具），智⼒玩具
I was in a puzzle as to what to do next.
我很茫然，不知道下⼀步该做什么。

I do the Times crossword puzzle every day.
我每天都做《泰晤⼠报》上的字谜游戏。

2. vt. make (sb.) think hard; perplex 使（某⼈）苦思；使迷惑
I have been puzzling my head over this problem for weeks.
这个问题我已经苦思冥想了好⼏个星期了。

His recent behavior puzzles me.
他最近的⾏为使我迷惑不解。

realistic a. based on facts rather than sentiment or illusion; practical 现实的；注重实际的；实际可⾏的
a realistic attitude 实事求是的态度
Our income has got smaller, so we must be realistic and give up our car.
我们的收⼊减少了，所以我们必须⾯对现实，不再⽤车。

Ⅱ. Difficult Sentences
1, I knew I never wanted to feel that bad again. I never wanted to have that taste in my mouth, that hole in my stomach.
我知道我永远也不想再有那种糟糕的感觉,永远不想再品尝那种滋味，也不想再那么伤⼼。

两个I never wanted 句式和三个that 在英语中被称为排⽐句式,起到强调的作⽤。

2, Step by step, I can’t see any other way of accomplishing anything:
The sentence can be paraphrased in this way: The best way of accomplishing something is step by step. Or: I can’t see any other way of accomplishing anything other than step by step.
此句可解释为：⼀步⼀步地⾛，这是最好/唯⼀的成功之路。

3, Nothing wrong with that:
This is an elliptical sentence. The complete sentence is “Nothing is wrong with that.” 这是⼀句省略句，主语Nothing后省去了is。

3rd period Grammar Review
动词-ing形式与不定式的⽐较（2）
4 th period Practical Writing
Notes Asking for a Leave of Absence
How to write a request for a leave of absence
An employee or a student who is going to be absent from his/her duties because of planned hospitalization or other personal affairs must make his/her request for leave in advance. The request should be made in writing by letter or on an appropriate form, as required. The written request for leave should explain the reason for the request, and be forwarded to his/her supervisor immediately. Things to include in a request for a leave of absence
1, The date that you are actually writing the letter/note, the name and title of the recipient of the note, the name of the student/employee, etc.:
To: Robert Stone, Manager
From: Rainy Zeng, Sales Department
Date: July 2nd, 2004
Subject: Casual Leave of Absence
2, Ask for leave at the beginning of the letter/note, stating clearly the time for leave:
Mr. Stone, I would like to ask for a casual leave of absence for one day on July 4th, this Wednesday.
3, Explain the reason for the request and apologize for any inconvenience your absence might cause:
This morning I received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to go for immediate treatment of my teeth. I have been experiencing a severe pain, depriving me of my sleep during the past nights. The situation could worsen, should infection occur.
Concerning my workload: As Wednesday is not as busy as the other weekdays, I think a one day leave this Wednesday may be the best solution. I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause.
4, Express your wish for approval at the end of the letter/note:
I’m looking forward to your kind answer.
Read the following notes asking for leave and complete the information by filling in the blanks below.
To: Mr. Steve Anderson, General Manager
From: Brian Xu, Sales Department
Date: January 22, 2003
Subject: Application for annual (年度的) leave
Dear Mr. Anderson,
I would like to apply for annual leave from January 25th to February 7th.
As you may know, Spring Festival falls on February 1st this year. It’s the most important holiday in China and offers the best occasion for family reunion However, over the past 2 years I have missed the reunions due to my tight work schedule. Now that I have finished my work for this year, I would like to go back to my hometown to visit my parents and help my brother prepare for his wedding on January 28th.
It’s indeed double happiness for my family. I hope I can have two weeks off, which will definitely gear me up (激励) for better work in the new year. I’m looking forward to your kind answer.
Best regards,
Brian Xu
1, This request for leave will be sent to
Mr. Steve Anderson, General Manager
2. The reason for asking for leave is that
Brian wishes to go back home to spend Spring Festival with his family.
3. The time of writing this letter is
January 22, 2003
4. The time that Mr. Xu is applying for leave is
from January 25th to February 7th
5th period Text B
1) What will you have to do if you decide to learn a new language
I will have to dedicate myself wholeheartedly to it.
2) What is real enthusiasm
It means that you believe deeply in what your company is doing, that you are willing to work your head off to achieve your company’s goals, that you are stimulated by your work and are able to find new challenges and keep growing professionally.
3) What pushes people to become a better person
Their zeal for the work they do and for the people they work with pushes them to improve and become a better person. Language Points
enthusiasm n. strong feeling of admiration or interest; great eagerness 热情，热⼼，热忱；巨⼤兴趣
The new teacher is full of enthusiasm for her work.
那位新教师对她的⼯作充满热情。

The suggestion aroused little enthusiasm in the group.
该建议在那组⼈中未引起多⼤兴趣。

partly ad. to some extent 部分地；在⼀定程度上
It was partly my fault.
这事部分是我的过错。

The problem is partly money and partly time.
这个问题部分是因为钱，部分是因为时间。

Being enthusi astic about something…:
The phrase led by the word “being” is a gerund phrase used as the subject of the sentence.
由being引导的动名词短语⽤作句⼦的主语。

partly ad. to some extent 部分地；在⼀定程度上
It was partly my fault.
这事部分是我的过错。

The problem is partly money and partly time.
这个问题部分是因为钱，部分是因为时间。

projectn. plan, scheme; undertaking; a special unit of work, research, etc. as in a school, a laboratory, etc.计划；规划；⼯程；事业；（学校的）课题，作业；科研项⽬
The government has begun a project to increase the size of the harbor.
政府已开始了⼀项扩建港⼝的⼯程。

These students are doing a project on World War II.
这些学⽣正在进⾏⼀个关于第⼆次世界⼤战的研究项⽬。

dedicate oneself to: give or devote all of one’s time, life, efforts to a noble cause or purpose 把⾃⼰献给；献⾝于
Being enthusiastic about something…:
He dedicated himself to the needs of his country.
他为国家的需要奉献了⾃⼰的⼀切。

She dedicated herself to national education.
她献⾝于国民教育。

The phrase led by the word “being” is a gerund phrase used as the subject of the sentence.
由being引导的动名词短语⽤作句⼦的主语。

If you decided to learn a new language, which is not easy by any account,…:
如果你决定学⼀门新的语⾔，这⽆论如何都不是⼀件容易的事……
本句中由which 引导的句⼦为⾮限制性定语从句，修饰to learn a new language。

Real enthusiasm is when you leap out of bed in the morning and attack your day with gusto.
真正的热情是指你早上从床上⼀跃⽽起，劲头⼗⾜地去对付⼀天的⼯作。

由when 引导的从句在句中充当表语。

One good way to increase your enthusiasm is by reading about successful people; it will help you realize that you too can make it happen.
有种激发热情的好⽅法就是阅读有关成功⼈⼠的书籍，这会帮助你认识到你也能获得成功。

句中you too can make it happen 意思是“你也能成为成功⼈⼠”。

company n. group of people united for business or commercial purposes; being together with another or others 公司；商⾏；陪伴
That small company sells second-hand computers.
那家⼩公司出售⼆⼿电脑。

He hates going out alone; he takes his daughter for company.
他不喜欢独⾝⼀⼈出门,他总带着⼥⼉作伴。

quest n. act of seeking sth.; search or pursuit 寻求；寻找；搜索；追求contribute //: v. give ones share of (money, help, advice, etc.) to help a joint cause 捐（款）；捐助；贡献；提供
contribute to: help to bring about; have a share in bringing about; be partly responsible for 有助于；促成；是…的部分原因Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.
多呼吸新鲜空⽓有益于健康。

Many factors contributed to his failure.
许多因素导致了他的失败。

carry out: do (sth.) as required or specified; fulfil; perform or conduct （an experiment, etc.）实施；执⾏；完成；实现；进⾏（试验等）
They were only carrying out their orders.
They have failed to carry out their duties.
come into play: begin to be active; be used; have an effect
开始活动；投⼊使⽤；起作⽤
Some new factors have now come into play.
Several factors came into play to make this possible.
charisma n. power to inspire devotion and enthusiasm; ability of a person to be loved and admired by other people because of his/her special qualities, leadership, etc. （能吸引效忠的）领袖⽓质；个⼈魅⼒
management n. control and organization (of a business, etc.); all those who control a business, enterprise, etc.（企业等的）管理，经营；（公司、企业等的）主管⼈员，管理部门
6th period Improve Your Reading Skills
Guessing the Meaning of Unknown Words Through Word Formation
你所掌握的构词法知识也能帮助你猜测⽣词的词义。

⽐如，在下⾯的句⼦中：First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. (Text B, Unit 8, Book 1)，假如你认识dependent这个词，却不知道independent的词义，你可以根据前缀in-（“否定、相反”）所表⽰的意义，猜出independent相当于not dependent。

再⽐如，对下⾯句⼦中划线的词，你也可以根据构词法知识猜出它们的词义：I set another goal, a reasonable, manageable goal that I could realistically achieve if I worked hard enough.
reasonable: reason + -able n.→a.
manageable: manage + -able n.→a.
realistically: realistic + -ally a.→ad.
Guess the meaning of each of the underlined words in the following sentences.
1, Can a horse add, subtract, multiply, and divide Of course not! However, in 1900 Wilhelm Von Osten disagreed with you. disagree: dis + agree: not agree不同意
2, A psychologist in the group, Oskar Pfungst, had an idea about the patient’s disorder. psychologist: psychology + ist: someone who is trained in psychology⼼理学家
3, I like animals because they only know how to give unconditional love and trust.
unconditional: un + conditional: not limited by or depending on any condition(s)⽆条件的
4, She got a degree in history last year, and now she’s doing a postgraduate course. postgraduate: post + graduate研究⽣的5, Our aim was to modernize the inefficient health service, and we succeeded.
modernize: modern + ize使现代化。