（完整版）小学英语语法解析练习答案

（完整版）小学英语语法解析练习答案
名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，
如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，
如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，
如：knife-knives leaf——leaves
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, child-children；
foot-feet；tooth-teeth ; goose-geese
fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep
deer-deer Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen
写出下列各词的复数
I _____ him ______ this _______ her ______watch ________ child _______ photo ________day______ foot______ book______ dress ______tooth______
sheep ______ box______ tea______ strawberry ___________diary ______ rice______ thief ______ you _____peach _______man_____ woman________ paper_______
juice________
milk______ sandwich __________water________
these we them them watches children photos days feet books dresses teeth sheep boxes diaries∕strawberries thieves you men peaches women sandwiches
一般现在时
一般现在时的功能:
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。

如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。

1.一般现在时的构成:
1.be动词：主语 + be (am, is, are) +其它。

如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语 + 行为动词 + 其它。

如：We study English.我们学习英语。

※当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”
如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

一般现在时的变化
1. be 动词的变化：
①否定句：主语 + be not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

②一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其它?
如：- Are you a student?
- Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
※一般疑问句必须用yes/no 回答，答句的主语必须是代词。

③特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
如：- Where is my bike?
- It’s there, under the tree.
2.行为动词的变化：
①否定句：主语+ don‘t (doesn’t) +动词原形 +其它。

如：I don't like bread.
※当主语为第三人称单数，用doesn‘t构成否定句如： He doesn't often play.
②一般疑问句：Do (Does) +主语 + 动词原形 + 其它？如：- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
※当主语为第三人称单数，要用does构成一般疑问句如：- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
③特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句？
如：- How do you go to school?
- I go to school on foot.
动词单数第三人称（简称：单三）的变化规则:
1．一般情况下，直接加 s
如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾，加 es
如：guess-guesses, wash-washes,
watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i, 再加 es
如：study-studies
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ______ go _______ stay ______ make ______ look ______ have_______ pass______ carry _______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We __________(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick __________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. _______ your parents ______(read) newspapers every day?
7. The girl ________(teach) us English on Sundays.
8. She and I ________(take) a walk together every
evening.
Drinks goes stays makes looks has passes carries has are don’t watch doesn’t go Do like Do read teaches take
三、按照要求改写句子
●Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________
●I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________ ●She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
____________________________________
●___________________
4. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________
Daniel doesn’t watch TV every evening.
Do you do your homework every day?
No, I don’t.
Does she like milk?
Yes, she does.
We don’t go to school every morning.
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五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English?
__________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?
__________________
3. He likes play games after class.
__________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.
__________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays.
__________________
Does ____like____playing / to play______teaches____doesn’t 现在进行时
1、现在进行时用法:
①现在正在进行或发生的动作，
②当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2、现在进行时的肯定句：be +V-ing.
3、现在进行时的否定句：be + not。

4、现在进行时的一般疑问句：be →句首。

5、现在进行时的特殊疑问句：
疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它？
※疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?
动词+ing的变化规则:
1．一般情况下，直接加 ing，
如：cook --- cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去 e 加 ing，
如：make --- making, taste --- tasting
3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，
双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing
如：run --- running, stop --- stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
run _______ swim _______ make______
begin______ go _______ like ______
write ______ shop _______ have______
sing ______ dance _______ put ______
see ______ love _______ live ______
take ______ come _______ get ______
stop ______ sit _______ smoke______
runningswimmingmakingbeginninggoinglikinghavingwritin gshoppingsingingdancingputtin glovinglivingseeingtakingcominggettingstoppingsittingsmoking 幻灯片16
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy ____________( draw) a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls ___________(sing) in the
classroom .
3. My mother ________(cook)some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _________ (have) an English lesson .
is drawingare singingis cookingaredoingare having
●三、句型转换：
They are doing housework .
● (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
__________________________________
__________________________________
●2．The students are cleaning the classroom .
● ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
_____________________________________________________
________________
Are they doing housework?
They aren’t doing housework.
Are the students cleaning the classroom?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
一般将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预
备做某事。

句中一般有
以下时间状语：
tomo rrow, next day (week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow 等。

二、基本结构：①be going to do；②will be / do.
三、否定句：
①be going to do → be not going to do
②will be / do → won’t be / do
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.
→ I’m not going to have a picn ic this afternoon.
I will go to Beijing next month.
→ I won’t go to Beijing next month.
四、一般疑问句：
①be或will提到句首;
②如果有some，改为any; 如果有 and，改为or；
③第一二人称互换。

例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.
→Are you going to go on an outing this weekend.
五、对划线部分提问。

一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况:
1、问人。

(Who)
例如：I’m going to New York soon.
→Who’s going to New York soon.
2、问干什么。

(What … do)
例如： My father is going to watch a race with me
this afternoon.
→What is your father going to do with you
this afternoon.
3、问什么时候。

(When)
例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine.
→When is she going to bed?
六、be going to 与 will ：
①一般情况下可以互换：
I am going to go swimming tomorrow.
= I will go swimming tomorrow.
②区别：
A、 be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，
will 表示的将来时间则较远一些
He is going to write a letter tonight.
He will write a book one day.
B、 be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

He is seriously ill. He is going to die.
He will be twenty years old.
C、 be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情
She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
D、 be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，
will则没有这个意思
She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
E、在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多
用will
If any beasts come at you, I'll stay with you and help you. will和be going to的选用原则
●关于“打算”：
●①原先作好的打算用“be going to”
●“Kate is in hospital.”
●“凯特在住院。

”
●“Yes, I know. I am going to see her this afternoon.”
●“是的，我知道。

我下午要去看她。

”
●②说话时即时的打算用“will”
●“Kate is in hospital.”“凯特在住院。

”
●“Oh, really, I didn’t know. I will go and see her
●at once.”“哦，是吗？我都不知道呢。

我得马上去看她。

”
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院里
立刻，马上
2. 关于“预料”：
①在有迹象表明的情况下的预料用“be going to”；
Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain.
你看天上的云。

快下雨了。

My God! We are going to crash.
天哪！我们快撞车了。

②在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will 或be going to”皆可；
I think the weather will be nice. 我想天会晴朗。

= I think the weather is going to be nice.
③当动词表示内心活动时，表示猜测的句子必须用“will”。

I think she will like the cake I made for her.
我想她会喜欢我为她做的蛋糕。

练习：填空。

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ ______ _____ have a picnic with my friends.
I ______ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What _____ _____ _____ ___ ____next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.(同义句)
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

____ your mother _____ ____ go shopping this
________?
Yes, she ____. She _____ _____ ____ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面?
What time ______ you ______ _____ meet? amgoingtowillareyougoingtodoamgoingtoIsgoingtoweekendisis goingtoaregoingto
用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Today is a sunny day. We ________________
(have) a picnic this afternoon.
2. My brother _________(go) to Shanghai next week.
3.Tom often ______(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He ________(go) to school by bike.
4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually
________ (watch) TV and _________(catch)
insects?
5.It’s Friday t oday. What _____she _________ (do)
this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV
and __________ (catch) insects.
are going to haveis goinggoeswill gowatchcatchgoing to doisis going to watchcatch
一般过去时
1．功能：
①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，
常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

2．谓语动词是be动词时，be的变化：
⑴ am 和is在一般过去时中变为 was。

（was not=wasn’t）
⑵ are在一般过去时中变为were。

（were not=weren’t）
3．谓语动词是其他实意动词时，动词变过去式，否定和
疑问借用助动词did
如：I went to school at 8 o’clock yesterday.
Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
Did Jim go home yesterday.
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work---worked ,
2．结尾是e加d，如：live---lived
3．重读的“辅·元·辅”结构（末尾只有一个元音
字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节），双写
末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed
如：stop---stopped， begin --- beginning
/b??g?n/
4．以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，
如：study---studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am/is---was, eat---ate are---were, take---took,
do---did, run---ran, see---saw, sing---sang,
say---said, put---put give---gave, make---made,
get---got, read---read go---went, write---wrote, come---came, draw---drew, have---had, drink---drank,
swim-swam, sit---sat
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ________ newspapers, but she
_____a book yesterday. (read)
6. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on
Sunday? No, they _____.
7. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. washadjumpedmilkedreadingreadDidsweepdidn’twatched 形容词和副词
形容词和副词的概念
形容词：
①是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质、
特征或属性一种词类。

②它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

错误!未找到引用源。

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二、不规则变化：
good / well →→
bad / badly / ill→→
many / much →→
little →→betterbest
Worse worst
More most
Less least
old →→
far→→
older / elder
oldest / eldest
farther / further
farthest / furthest
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给出下列词的比较级和最高级
more important
most important
●important ______________ _________________
●easy___________________ ___________________
●wet___________________ ____________________ ●happy________________ ____________________ ●careful ________________ __________________
●thin _________________ __________________ ●good________________ ____________________ ●hot __________________ ____________________ ●easily ________________ ____________________
●many________________ ____________________ ●nice ________________ ____________________ ●big _________________ ____________________ ●heavy______________ ____________________ ●delicious____________ ____________________ ●much_______________ _____________________ ●
easiereasiestwetterwettesthappiesthappiermore careful
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：
①两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面
一般带有单词than。

②比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示
程度。

③than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。

幻灯片43
2．形容词比较级的规则变化：
⑴一般在词尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶“辅·元·辅”结构，应双写末尾的辅音字母，
再加er ；
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。

幻灯片44
● 3、不规则形容词比较级：
●good / well---better, bad / ill --- worse
●little--- less, old --- older / elder
●many / much --- more
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二、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；
有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词
之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相
同(不规则变化：well-better，far-farther
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
short________ strong_______ big ________ small_______ fat_________ thin ________
heavy________ light ________ nice ________
good_______ beautiful_______________
low_________ high________ slow_______
fast ________ late _______ early ________
far_________ well_______
二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old) than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you?
Yes, she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin), you or Helen? Helen is.
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5.______Nancy sing _____(well) than Helen?
Yes, she ___.
6.Fangfang is not as ____(tall) as the other girls.
7.My eyes are __________(big) than _____ (she).
8.Who gets up _________(early), Tim or Tom?
9._____the girls get up ______(early) than the boys?
No, they______.
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三、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。

_______ is _______than Jim？______ are.
2.我喜欢游泳。

我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。

I like ___.All my____ ____ _____than me.
3.谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。

________pencil is _________,______or ______？
________is, I think.
4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。

My_____ _____ ______than my ______.
5.多做运动，你会更强壮。

____ more exercise, you’ll ____ ____soon.
幻灯片49
There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某人/物
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据
最近be 动词的那个名词决定(就近原则)。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be表示在某地有某人/物；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。

5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用some 用
于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。

6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于
肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。

7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
What’s + 介词短语
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Fill in the blank with “have, has”or “there is , there are”
1. I ________ a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________ a tape-recorder.
4. ____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________ some dresses.
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人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：
主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位
于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。

2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：
形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单
独使用，后面不带名词。

幻灯片53
人称代词和物主代词
●主格宾格形容词性名词性● I me my mine ●you you your yours ●he him his his
●she her her hers ●it it its its
●we us our ours
they them their theirs 幻灯片54
用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. That is not _____kite. That kite is very small,
but ____is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is ____. Give it to _____( she ).
3. ___is my brother. ___ name is Jack. Look!
Those stamps are___ ( he ).
4. I can find my toy, but where’s ______? ( you )
5. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
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用am，is，are填空。

1. That ______ my red skirt.
2. Who ______ I?
3.The jeans ______ on the desk.
4. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
5. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
6. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
7. Some tea ______ in the glass.。