Unit6AtOneWithNatureUnderstandingideas单词讲解课件-高中英语
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cloud
英语中有很多名词可转化为 动词，常表示具有该名词的活动 特点或性质特征的动作。例如， 表示天气的名词常可转化为动词。
The sky was a perfect blue — not a cloud in sight. 云
great harm. ■ vt 伤害；损害： Don’t harm your eyes by reading in a poor light.
Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn. 词汇拓展 ► harmless adj 无害的 反 harmful ► harmful adj 有害的 反 harmless：
➢ structure：来自词根struct (build 建造) 同根词：construct, instruct
➢ living：adj 反义词dead 词块：living things, living language, the living 名词词块：make / earn a living, do for a living,
词汇拓展 ► wrapping n [C] & [U] 用于包装的材料
prevent
vt 阻止；预防；防止： In this way we prevented the spread of this disease. prevent sb / sth (from) doing sth: There were many ways to prevent this from happening. Pollution prevents people from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. 词汇拓展 ► prevention n [U] 防止；预防： Prevention is better than cure.
narrow-minded
She has a very narrow view of the world.
[常用于名词前] 勉强的；好不容易的：
a narrow victory /escape ■ vt & vi (使) 变窄；(使) 变小：
形容词动词化
The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high
派生词：agricultural；词块：agricultural crops
replace vt 词源解读： replace由 re- + place (v)构成，恢复到以前的位置→ “把……放回原处”
把……放回原处： Replace the magazines after reading. ❖ 取代；接替；更换： Personally, I think store shopping will exist along with online shopping but will never be replaced. We’d be happy to replace the radio for you.
the harmful effects of tobacco
Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful to people.
agriculture
agri- (field 田地) + culture (cultivation 种植) → 农业 派生词：agricultural agricultu词re：块agri-：(fielda田g地ri) c+ cuulltutreu(crualtilvatcionr种op植s) → 农业
replace ... with / by 用……替换： They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
词汇拓展
► replacement n [U] 更换；更替；[C] 替换的人 / 物： Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact.
Understanding ideas 词汇讲解
wrap vt (用……) 包；裹： I’d like to wrap (up) Christmas presents in pretty paper. Zongzi are wrapped in bamboo leaves. ❖ (用……) 缠绕；围住： He wrapped a scarf around his neck.
➢ organism：organise + -ism ➢ observatory：来自 observe
narrow
■ adj
(宽度等) 狭窄的 反 wide：
As we set out, I was shocked at how narrow the path was. (心胸、视野等) 狭隘的 / 狭窄的 反 broad：
[C] & [U] 和谐；协调： the ha源自mony of sea and sky
词汇拓展
物与物的和谐
► harmonious adj 协调的；和谐的；和睦的
design vt
设计；绘制： design a car / dress / tool / office specially designed software [常用于被动语态] (为某种特定目的) 计划；设计 ： The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic. This course is designed as an introduction to the subject. It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education.
词源：来自希腊神话中代表和谐和协调的女神 哈耳摩尼亚的名字 Harmonia。
harmony n
[U] & [C] 和声： 声音、音调的和谐 sing in harmony [U] 和睦；融洽： 人与人 / 自然的和谐 The “Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
material 基本义——材料 n [C] & [U] [常用复数] 材料；原料： reading / teaching materials He is a good soldier, but not really officer material. [C] & [U] 布料： curtain material [U] 素材： She’s collecting material for her latest novel.
thunder He died in a storm with thunder and lightning. 雷（名词） It thundered a few times, but no rain fell. 打雷（动词）
常见“天气类”名词动词化
说出下列句子中划线单词精准的汉语释义。
rain There will be rain showers in the east. 雨 It had been raining hard all night. 下雨
fines and prison sentences. ❖ (感觉、品质、技艺等) 背离；舍弃：
Mike’s confidence seemed to have deserted him. 词汇拓展 deserted adj 被舍弃的；被遗弃的 (abandoned)；无人居住的：
a deserted village
4. c➢onsupmreri：ocronistuym：e (v 消来费自) + -perrior (adj 优先的)
5. priority：来自prior (adj 优先的)；词块：a top priority
词块：a top priority
➢ barrier：一词多义，基本义“障碍” 词块：the barrier between ... and …, language barrier
词汇拓展
harm
■ n [U] 伤害；损害；危害：
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him. do harm to / do ... harm 伤害；对……有害：
Too much drinking will do great harm to you. / Too much drinking will do you
抽象名词具体化
不可数名词 快乐 ；娱乐 自豪；骄傲 危险；风险 (精神上的)震惊 慈善 (事业)
神秘 安慰
可数名词 乐事；乐趣 令人自豪的人 / 事物 危险的人 / 物 令人震惊的事 慈善机构 / 团体 神秘的人 / 事物 令人感到安慰的人 / 事物
名词动词化 说出下列句子中划线单词精准的汉语释义。 frost The windows were covered with heavy frost. 霜（名词） The windows had frosted over. 结霜（动词）
■ n [U] & [C] 设计；图样；图案： a bowl with a flower design Looking forward to receiving your creative designs! 计划；目的；意图： Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were exactly 150 people in the station. She has designs on his money.
beauty n
[U] 美；美丽：
the beauty of the sunset
inner beauty
beauty products
❖ [C] 美人；美好的事物：
抽象名词具体化
He regarded his wife as a beauty.
Photos record the beauties of nature.
■ adj [只用于名词前] 物质的；物质上的
词汇拓展 materially adv 物质上
➢ mineral：来自mine (n 矿)
mineral：来自mine (n 矿词) 块：mineral water ➢ co词n块su：mmineerral：watceronsume (v 消费) + -er
mountains.
narrow the generation gap
词汇拓展 narrowly adv 勉强地；差点儿 (没)
desert
■ n [C] & [U] 沙漠；荒原 ■ vt 遗弃；抛弃；放弃 (abandon)：
A law was passed in Italy that gives people who desert pets big
抽象名词具体化
不可数的抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物， 即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都 发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，前面不用冠词；表 示具体的一个人或一件事时，前面通常用不定冠词。
单词 pleasure
pride danger shock charity mystery comfort
英语中有很多名词可转化为 动词，常表示具有该名词的活动 特点或性质特征的动作。例如， 表示天气的名词常可转化为动词。
The sky was a perfect blue — not a cloud in sight. 云
great harm. ■ vt 伤害；损害： Don’t harm your eyes by reading in a poor light.
Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn. 词汇拓展 ► harmless adj 无害的 反 harmful ► harmful adj 有害的 反 harmless：
➢ structure：来自词根struct (build 建造) 同根词：construct, instruct
➢ living：adj 反义词dead 词块：living things, living language, the living 名词词块：make / earn a living, do for a living,
词汇拓展 ► wrapping n [C] & [U] 用于包装的材料
prevent
vt 阻止；预防；防止： In this way we prevented the spread of this disease. prevent sb / sth (from) doing sth: There were many ways to prevent this from happening. Pollution prevents people from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. 词汇拓展 ► prevention n [U] 防止；预防： Prevention is better than cure.
narrow-minded
She has a very narrow view of the world.
[常用于名词前] 勉强的；好不容易的：
a narrow victory /escape ■ vt & vi (使) 变窄；(使) 变小：
形容词动词化
The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high
派生词：agricultural；词块：agricultural crops
replace vt 词源解读： replace由 re- + place (v)构成，恢复到以前的位置→ “把……放回原处”
把……放回原处： Replace the magazines after reading. ❖ 取代；接替；更换： Personally, I think store shopping will exist along with online shopping but will never be replaced. We’d be happy to replace the radio for you.
the harmful effects of tobacco
Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful to people.
agriculture
agri- (field 田地) + culture (cultivation 种植) → 农业 派生词：agricultural agricultu词re：块agri-：(fielda田g地ri) c+ cuulltutreu(crualtilvatcionr种op植s) → 农业
replace ... with / by 用……替换： They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
词汇拓展
► replacement n [U] 更换；更替；[C] 替换的人 / 物： Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact.
Understanding ideas 词汇讲解
wrap vt (用……) 包；裹： I’d like to wrap (up) Christmas presents in pretty paper. Zongzi are wrapped in bamboo leaves. ❖ (用……) 缠绕；围住： He wrapped a scarf around his neck.
➢ organism：organise + -ism ➢ observatory：来自 observe
narrow
■ adj
(宽度等) 狭窄的 反 wide：
As we set out, I was shocked at how narrow the path was. (心胸、视野等) 狭隘的 / 狭窄的 反 broad：
[C] & [U] 和谐；协调： the ha源自mony of sea and sky
词汇拓展
物与物的和谐
► harmonious adj 协调的；和谐的；和睦的
design vt
设计；绘制： design a car / dress / tool / office specially designed software [常用于被动语态] (为某种特定目的) 计划；设计 ： The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic. This course is designed as an introduction to the subject. It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education.
词源：来自希腊神话中代表和谐和协调的女神 哈耳摩尼亚的名字 Harmonia。
harmony n
[U] & [C] 和声： 声音、音调的和谐 sing in harmony [U] 和睦；融洽： 人与人 / 自然的和谐 The “Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
material 基本义——材料 n [C] & [U] [常用复数] 材料；原料： reading / teaching materials He is a good soldier, but not really officer material. [C] & [U] 布料： curtain material [U] 素材： She’s collecting material for her latest novel.
thunder He died in a storm with thunder and lightning. 雷（名词） It thundered a few times, but no rain fell. 打雷（动词）
常见“天气类”名词动词化
说出下列句子中划线单词精准的汉语释义。
rain There will be rain showers in the east. 雨 It had been raining hard all night. 下雨
fines and prison sentences. ❖ (感觉、品质、技艺等) 背离；舍弃：
Mike’s confidence seemed to have deserted him. 词汇拓展 deserted adj 被舍弃的；被遗弃的 (abandoned)；无人居住的：
a deserted village
4. c➢onsupmreri：ocronistuym：e (v 消来费自) + -perrior (adj 优先的)
5. priority：来自prior (adj 优先的)；词块：a top priority
词块：a top priority
➢ barrier：一词多义，基本义“障碍” 词块：the barrier between ... and …, language barrier
词汇拓展
harm
■ n [U] 伤害；损害；危害：
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him. do harm to / do ... harm 伤害；对……有害：
Too much drinking will do great harm to you. / Too much drinking will do you
抽象名词具体化
不可数名词 快乐 ；娱乐 自豪；骄傲 危险；风险 (精神上的)震惊 慈善 (事业)
神秘 安慰
可数名词 乐事；乐趣 令人自豪的人 / 事物 危险的人 / 物 令人震惊的事 慈善机构 / 团体 神秘的人 / 事物 令人感到安慰的人 / 事物
名词动词化 说出下列句子中划线单词精准的汉语释义。 frost The windows were covered with heavy frost. 霜（名词） The windows had frosted over. 结霜（动词）
■ n [U] & [C] 设计；图样；图案： a bowl with a flower design Looking forward to receiving your creative designs! 计划；目的；意图： Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were exactly 150 people in the station. She has designs on his money.
beauty n
[U] 美；美丽：
the beauty of the sunset
inner beauty
beauty products
❖ [C] 美人；美好的事物：
抽象名词具体化
He regarded his wife as a beauty.
Photos record the beauties of nature.
■ adj [只用于名词前] 物质的；物质上的
词汇拓展 materially adv 物质上
➢ mineral：来自mine (n 矿)
mineral：来自mine (n 矿词) 块：mineral water ➢ co词n块su：mmineerral：watceronsume (v 消费) + -er
mountains.
narrow the generation gap
词汇拓展 narrowly adv 勉强地；差点儿 (没)
desert
■ n [C] & [U] 沙漠；荒原 ■ vt 遗弃；抛弃；放弃 (abandon)：
A law was passed in Italy that gives people who desert pets big
抽象名词具体化
不可数的抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物， 即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都 发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，前面不用冠词；表 示具体的一个人或一件事时，前面通常用不定冠词。
单词 pleasure
pride danger shock charity mystery comfort