2020高考英语一轮复习写作第三编第二讲句式营造亮点14法学案含解析牛津译林版

第二讲句式营造亮点14法
扮亮句式(一) 作文若不劣——学会“越来越”
在英语写作中，我们见证了太多的“越”。

你是否会因岁月的流逝，知识的沉淀而对这些迷人的“越”驾轻就熟了呢？先看以下例句：
A growing number of students are faced with a bigger and bigger ly, with the College Entrance Examination approaching, they grow more and more nervous and anxious.To their despair, however, the more nervous and anxious they are, the less progress they make.
上面语段可译为：越来越多的学生正面临着一个越来越大的问题。

随着高考临近，他们变得越来越紧张、焦躁。

然而，让他们绝望的是，他们越紧张、焦躁，他们取得的进步就越小。

句中出现了三处“越来越……”和一处“越……，就越……”，充分体现出了那些“越……”的无上妙用，让人读后回味无穷。

1．说到“越来越……”，大家的脑海里很快就会浮现出这样的模式：比较级＋比较级。

若修饰名词或是双音节和多音节的形容词或副词，我们常用more and more/less and less ＋adj./adv./n.。

It comes as no surprise that customers are more and more demanding towards products and service.
不可否认，顾客对产品和服务质量的要求越来越高。

2．若使用growingly/increasingly来替代more and more，用decreasingly来替代less and less，则更显过人之处。

同样，“越来越多的……”可使用 a growing/an increasing number of ...，“越来越少的……”可使用 a declining/decreasing number of ...。

①Recently, I found it increasingly hard to breathe in clean air.
最近，我发现呼吸干净的空气越来越难了。

②A growing number of people realize the importance of environmental protection.
越来越多的人意识到环境保护的重要性。

[应用体验1] 补全句子
①毋庸置疑，随着时间的流逝，选手间的竞争越来越激烈了。

There is no denying that the_competition_among_competitors_is_increasinglyfierce_with_time_going_by.
②使我生气的是，那个店员对我越来越不耐烦了。

What made me angry was that the_shop_assistant_became_decreasingly_patient_with_me.
③现在，越来越少的人会无视污染的严重性。

Nowadays,
a_declining_number_of_people_will_ignore_the_seriousness_of_pollution.
3．“The more ..., the more ...”表示“越……，就越……”。

“the more”可以是形容词或副词的比较级，也可后接名词。

若想表达否定含义，则改为“the less”。

As far as I'm concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, the more equipped for life you are.
就我而言，教育就是学习，你学得越多，你为将来的生活准备得就越好。

[应用体验2] 补全句子
①不要泄气。

你应该要相信你学习越刻苦，取得的进步就越大。

Don't lose heart. You should believe the harder you study, the_greater_progress_you_will_make.
②起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。

At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the_more_he_explained,_the_more_confused_I_became.
③你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。

The more careful you are, the_fewer_mistakes_you_will_make.
④你给予别人的越多，你从别人那里得到的就越多。

The_more_you_give_to_others,_the more you will get from them.
⑤众所周知，网上购物已经变得越来越流行了。

Shopping on the Internet is more_and_more popular, as is known to all.
[专题过关训练]
翻译句子
1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)你对中国传统文化了解越多，你就对它越感兴趣。

The_more_you_know_about_traditional_Chinese_culture,_the_more_you_are_inter ested_in_it.
2．我对此了解越多，就越想成为夏令营的一员。

The_more_I_learn_about_it,_the_more_anxious_I_am_to_be_a_member_of_the_Summ er_Camp.
3．目前，越来越少的学生对在英国学习英语不感兴趣。

Currently,_a_decreasing_number_of_students_show_no_interest_in_learning_Eng lish_in_Britain.
4．当然，你越快交稿越好。

Of_course,_the_sooner_you_hand_in_your_article,_the_better_it_will_be.
5．随着精神状态越来越差，我鼓起勇气向您求助。

With_my_mental_state_getting_worse_and_worse,_I_gathered_all_my_courage_to_ turn_to_you_for_help.
6．一个人书读得越多就会变得越明智。

The_more_a_person_reads,_the_wiser_he_will_become.
扮亮句式(二) 简洁明了，意犹未尽——省略结构
英语中为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分可以省略，从而让文章显得紧凑自然。

省略句在写作中的巧妙运用是书面表达得高分的助力，应当得到重视。

写作中常见的省略有下列几种情况：
1．在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句和though, although引导的让步状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句中含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的“主语＋be动词”部分。

①Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.
年轻的时候要努力学习，否则你会后悔。

②Unless (he is) invited, he won't come.
除非邀请他，否则他不会来。

③If (it is) possible, I'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
如果可能的话，我将去探望市里的几家敬老院。

[应用体验1] 用省略结构完成下列句子
①除非有必要，否则你最好不要查词典。

Unless_necessary,_you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
②我有困难时总是向她求助。

When_in_trouble,_I always turn to her for help.
③最大的海洋与整个地球的大小比较起来算不了什么。

When_compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean doesn't seem big at all.
④吃饭时，一些有天赋的学生表演了精彩的民间舞蹈，这使老人非常高兴。

While_enjoying_the_meal,_some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy.
2．两个并列句中，后一个分句中与前一分句中相同的部分常省略。

①My brother is a doctor and my sis ter­in­law (is) a lawyer.
我哥哥是医生，我嫂子是律师。

②Many players believe table tennis is not only a physical game but (table tennis is) a psychological competition as well.许多选手认为，乒乓球不仅是体力竞赛，也是心理较量。

3．在限制性定语从句中，关系代词that, which, whom充当宾语，而且前面无介词时可省略。

①He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见到的那个人。

②He lost the watch (that/which) he bought yesterday.
他丢了他昨天买的那块表。

4．单独使用不定式符号to代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish等词后；或放在表示情绪的某些形容词后，代替被省略的动词，常见词有：glad, happy, pleased 等，但是，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been时，则要保留be, have, have been。

①—Will you please look after my house when I'm away?
—I'm glad to (look after your house when you're away)．
——当我不在时，你能照看一下我家吗？
——我愿意。

②Your work hasn't been handed in, but it ought to have been.
你的工作还没有交上来，但是本应该交上来了。

[应用体验2] 用省略结构完成下列句子
①我们的家乡不再是以前的样子了。

Our hometown is no_longer_what_it_used_to_be.
②那就是我想要读的那本书。

That is the_book_I_want_to_read.
③——你介意照看我的猫吗？
——不，我愿意。

—Would you mind looking after my cat?
—No,_I'd_love_to.
④有些书需细细品味，有些书浅尝即可。

Some books are to be tasted, and others_to_be_swallowed.
⑤我不想去那里，但是我不得不去。

I didn't want to go there, but I_had_to.
[专题过关训练]
用省略结构补全句子
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果这样的话，请到教学楼二楼的学生会办公室报名。

If_so,_please go to sign up at the Students' Union office, which is on the second floor of the Teaching Building.
2．(2017·6月浙江高考书面表达)按照计划，我们早上7点将在学校大门口乘公共汽车出发。

As_planned,_we will leave by bus at 7：00 a．m. at the school gate.
3．如果你被录取做这份工作，你很快就会接到通知。

If_accepted_for_the_job,_you'll be informed soon.
4．当我沿着马路走时，听到有人喊我的名字。

While_walking_along the street, I heard my name called.
5．我们将去野餐，但在什么时候什么地点还没定下来。

We will go for a picnic, but when_and_where_hasn't_been_decided_yet.
6．——你完成作业了吗？
——是的，完成了。

—Have you finished your work?
—Yes, I_have.
扮亮句式(三) 话多话少不如来个强调——强调结构在信息传递中，有一些信息是与众不同的，不要“重要的话说三遍”，那太“LOW”了。

在写作中，我们可以通过使用强调句型将句子提高到一个新的档次。

强调句型可强调除谓语动词和表语外的其他任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。

强调句型的灵活运用不仅有助于增强表达效果，突出要强调的重点，更能彰显考生对英语表达的把握能力。

其基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。

(2018·天津高考书面表达)It is not only your enthusiasm but also your teamwork and good spirits that impress us.
不仅是你的热情，你的团队合作和良好的精神状态也给我们留下了深刻的印象。

1．It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．
(2017·6月浙江高考写作)It is because it's a good chance for you to learn the natural knowledge of China and make new friends that we really wish you can join us.
正是因为它是你学习中国的自然知识和结交新朋友的好机会，所以我们真的希望你能加入我们。

2．Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?
孩子们是在那个公园里看见了那些奇怪的绿色物体吗？
3．特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher?
你是什么时候下定决心要当一名志愿者老师的？
4．It is/was not until ...that ...“直到……才……”
It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.
直到三十分钟后到家时他才发现他的包落在出租车里了。

5．强调谓语动词时，用助动词do/does/did，且只能对肯定句的一般现在时和一般过去时进行强调。

(2018·北京高考书面表达)We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。

[专题过关训练]
Ⅰ.用强调句型补全句子
1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)虽然在中国喝茶的传统能追溯到公元前3 000年，但是在17世纪中期英国才出现下午茶的概念。

Although the tradition of drinking tea dates back to 3,000 BC in China, it_was_not_until_the_mid­17th_century_in_the_UK_that appeared the concept of “afternoon tea”．
2．(2017·6月浙江高考写作)正是由于他们的帮助，才避免了一场灾难。

It_was_because_of_their_help_that a disaster was avoided.
3．(2016·北京高考书面表达)正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生变化。

It_was_his_continuous_efforts_that caused China to change gradually.
4．你是在哪儿捡到这个钱包的？
Where_was_it_that you picked up the wallet?
5．是因为被困在交通堵塞中你才来晚的吗？
Was_it_because_you_were_stuck_in_the_traffic_jam_that you came late?
6．我确实珍惜这个受教育的机会。

I do_cherish/value_the_opportunity to get educated.
7．正是用真诚和诚信我们创造了一种和谐的气氛。

It_was_with_sincerity_and_faithfulness_that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
8．我的经历告诉我不是你被给予了什么而是你如何利用它决定着你是谁。

My experience tells me that it_is_not_what_you_are_given_but_how_youmake_use_of_it_that determines who you are.
9．据我所知，可能赢这次竞赛的人是你。

As far as I am concerned, it_is_you_who/that_are_likely_to_win_the_contest.
10．直到进入高中我才意识到英语的重要性。

It_was_not_until_I_entered_senior_high_school_that I realized the importance of English.
Ⅱ.利用所学的强调句型，结合中文提示补全短文
Dear Mr and Mrs Johnson,
1．It_is_from_my_home_in_China_that_I'm_writing_to_you (我是从中国的家里写信给你)．I returned home safe and sound.When I think of the wonderful two weeks I spent in Birmingham, England, 2.it_is_both_of_you_that/who (正是你们两人) I just can't help thinking of.It was so kind of you to have provided everything to make my staying there such a happy and lucky experience.I've learned so much, not only English but also culture.And 3.I_did_enjoy (我的确很享受) the fun and laughter we shared with each other.Thank you very much.I'll always remember this trip as well as your kindness.
I'll keep in touch and write to you later.4.Do_take_care (一定要保重)!
Yours，
Li Hua
扮亮句式(四) 反其道而行之——倒装结构
在英语写作中，倒装句型应用比较广泛，我们可以通过倒装让句子更高级，强调我们要传达的信息，给文章增色。

涉及的句型主要包括部分倒装和全部倒装。

1．“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Only when you come to China can you experience Chinese food cultures.
只有来到中国，你才能体验中国的饮食文化。

2．none, neither, nor, not, never, hardly, little, seldom等否定词，以及表示否定意义的介词短语如at no time, by no means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。

Hardly/No sooner had we arrived at the activity center when/than we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.
我们一到达活动中心就报名参加了健步走比赛。

3．在so/such ...that ...结构中，当so/such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

(2018·天津高考书面表达)So interested in the competition are some of my classmates and I that we have formed a group to take part in it.我和我的一些同学对比赛非常感兴趣，以至于我们组织了一个小组来参加比赛。

4．as/though引导的让步状语从句中通常使用倒装语序。

Poor as/though he was, he never got discouraged easily.
尽管他很穷，但他从未轻易沮丧。

5．在含有had, should, were等的虚拟条件状语从句中，若省略连词if，则可将它们移到主语前构成部分倒装。

①Were I two years younger, I wouldn't do it that way.
如果我年轻两岁，我是不会那样做的。

②Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.
回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车了。

6．here, there, now, then, out, in, around, up, down, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用全部倒装。

①Here are my tips for you.这是我给你的建议。

②In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.
在那幅画中，三个学生围坐在桌子周围，桌子上有三本书。

③For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了大家一起喊叫的声音。

[专题过关训练]
Ⅰ.用倒装句型补全句子
1．面对这样的困难你绝不能失去信心。

By_no_means_should_you_lose_heart in the face of such difficulty.
2．虽然有些问题我似乎不熟悉，但很容易回答。

Unfamiliar_though/as_some_of_the_questions_seem_to_me，they are easy to answer.
3．我们学校前面有一棵1 000年树龄的大树。

In_front_of_our_school_stands_a_tall_tree with a history of 1,000 years.
4．如果你早到五分钟，你就能为他们送行了。

Had_you_arrived_five_minutes_earlier,_you could have seen them off.
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)剪纸是如此迷人和生动，我想你可能会对它感兴趣。

So_attractive_and_alive_is_paper­cutting_that I think you could be interested in it.
6．(2016·浙江高考写作)事实上，只有通过不断地行动，不断地调整计划，我们才能达到我们的最终目标。

Actually, only by getting moving and constantly adjusting the plan can_we_achieve_our_final_goal.
7．虽然是个孩子，戴安娜能做到很多成年人做不到的事。

Child_as/though_she_is,_Diana can do things most adults can't.
8．山脚下流淌着一条美丽而清澈的河流。

At_the_foot_of_the_mountain_flows a beautiful and clean river.
9．如果他来的话，叫他打电话给我。

Should_he_come,_tell him to ring me up.
10．直到那时，我才意识到语言的影响力可以是积极的，也可以是消极的。

Not_until_then_did_I_realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.
Ⅱ.利用倒装句型，结合提示补全短文
In front of my home 1.lies_a_mountain (有座山), which is very high.
2．Never_will_I_forget (我永远不会忘记) the first time I climbed the mountain with my father.The sky was clear and the sun was shining brightly.3.So_fast_did_my_father_walk (我父亲走得如此快) that he was far ahead of me.Not until he stopped to wait for me 4.did_I_catch_up_with_him (我赶上他).5.Tired_as/though_I_was (尽管我很累), I didn't give up. When reaching the top, we felt a sense of achievement.
6．So_is_the_life (生活也是这样)．We shouldn't give up halfway, however great the difficulty is.Only in this way 7.can_we_succeed (我们才能成功)．
扮亮句式(五) 肯定不如双否好——双重否定
否定加否定变成强烈的肯定，在英语作文中，用得恰到好处，一定会让你的作文成功逆袭，收到出奇制胜的效果。

1．双重否定的构成形式：no/not/never/nothing ...＋否定的实词或虚词
①I would not have overcome the difficulties in my trip without the encouragement and support of my companion.
没有同伴的鼓励和支持，我就不会克服旅行中的这些困难。

②You can not make something out of nothing.
巧妇难为无米之炊。

③No way is impossible to courage.
勇者不会有绝路。

④It is our duty to protect the environment because we can't live without a good environment.
保护环境是我们的职责，因为没有好的环境我们无法生存。

[应用体验1] 翻译句子
①没有调查就没有发言权。

There_is_no_right_to_speak_without_investigation.
②没有热情，将一事无成。

Nothing_great_was_ever_achieved_without_enthusiasm.
③对一个有决心的人来说，没有什么是不可能的。

Nothing_is_impossible_to_a_determined_person.
④没有这个老人的抚养，这个孤儿难以过上幸福生活。

The_orphan_can't_live_a_happy_life_without_being_brought_up_by_the_old_man.
2．never/not＋fail to do sth.和never/not miss sth.
①As long as you discover, you will not miss the nice things in life.只要你去发现，你就不会错过生活中的美好。

②The sights of Hangzhou never fail to impress foreign tourists, making them abandon themselves to the beauty of the city.杭州的景色让外国游客印象深刻，使他们纵情于这座城市的美景中。

[应用体验2] 翻译句子
①(2018·6月浙江高考写作)如果有幸被选为志愿者，我绝不会失职。

I_will_never_fail_to_perform_my_duty,_if_I_have_the_honor_to_be_chosen_as_a _volunteer.
②有些记忆长存，且总是带给我们温暖的感觉。

Some_memories_always_stay_with_us_and_never_fail_to_bring_us_warm_feelings.
③我从来不错过提高英语技能的机会。

I_never_miss_a_chance_of_improving_my_English_skills.
④我们决不会辜负父母对我们的期望。

We_will_never_fail_to_live_up_to_what_our_parents_expect_of_us.
3．There is no denying that/It can't be denied that＋句子(不可否认)/There is no doubt that＋句子(毫无疑问)
①There is no denying/It can't be denied that special attention must be paid to the problem of water shortage.
不可否认，一定要特别重视水资源短缺问题。

②There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问，我们的教育制度有待改进。

[应用体验3] 翻译句子
①毫无疑问，玛丽在演讲比赛中表现得相当出色。

There_is_no_doubt_that_Mary_performed_well_in_the_speaking_competition.
②不可否认，我们的生活质量已经得到很大改善。

There_is_no_denying/It_can't_be_denied_that_the_quality_of_our_living_has_b een_greatly_improved.
[专题过关训练]
翻译句子
1．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)不可否认，这些消费排名可能给消费者带来方便，但它们也常常会是误导和不可靠的。

There_is_no_denying_that_such_ratings_might_bring_convenience_to_consumers, _but_they_are_often_misleading_and_unreliable.
2．这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔杂物很常见，这给生活和环境带来了严重损害。

These_days,_breaking_traffic_rules_and_littering_are_not_uncommon,_causing_ serious_harm_to_life_and_environment.
3．对大部分人来说，没有鼠标操作计算机几乎不可能，更不用说上网。

For_most_people,_it's_almost_impossible_to_operate_a_computer_without_a_mou se,_let_alone_surf_the_Internet.
4．似乎很多人没有电视、手机和网络不能玩得很开心。

It_seems_that_many_people_cannot_enjoy_themselves_without_TV,_cellphones_or _the_Internet.
5．可以肯定地说，没有微笑，我们的生活会黯淡无光，步履维艰。

It_is_safe_to_say_that_without_smile_our_life_would_be_colorless_and_diffic ult.
6．几乎每个人对生活的态度都受到了互联网的影响。

There_was_hardly_a_man_or_a_woman_whose_attitude_towards_life_was_not_affec ted_by_the_Internet.
7．显然，没有全社会的帮助就不会有今天的新学校。

Obviously,_without_the_help_of_the_whole_society,_there_would_be_no_new_sch ools_today.
扮亮句式(六) 小介词，大用途——with/without复合结构写作时，我们可以利用with/without复合结构让句子结构紧凑，言简意明。

若能合理利用，“好处”多多，不容小觑。

①(2016·北京高考书面表达)As the Earth Day was approaching, a lot of posters were put up around our school to call on us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
→With the Earth Day approaching, a lot of posters were put up around our school to call on us to join in the actions for a greener earth.随着“地球日”的临近，我们学校里张贴了许多海报，号召我们加入到绿色地球的行动中来。

②In the picture, a boy in worn clothes sits beside a wooden table and there are a pile of bamboo books on it.
→In the picture, a boy in worn clothes sits beside a wooden table with a pile of bamboo books on it.在图画中，一个穿着破旧衣服的男孩坐在木桌旁边，桌上有一堆竹简。

此结构由“介词with或without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，可在句中作定语和状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。

复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分宾语补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。

with/without结构构成方式如下：
1with或without＋名词/代词＋形容词
2with或without＋名词/代词＋副词
3with或without＋名词/代词＋介词短语
4with或without＋名词/代词＋动词不定式
5with或without＋名词/代词＋分词
①She came into the room, with her nose red because of cold.(with＋名词＋形容词)
她走进房间，因为天气冷鼻子通红。

②With the meal over, we all went home.(with＋名词＋副词)
吃完饭后，我们都回家了。

③The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm.(with＋名词＋介词短语)
胳膊下夹着一根尺子，大师走来走去。

④He could not finish the work without me to help him.(without＋代词＋不定式)
没有我帮他，他不可能完成这项工作。

⑤She fell asleep with the light burning.(with＋名词＋现在分词)
灯亮着，她睡着了。

⑥The conference hurriedly finished without a single agreement reached.(without ＋名词＋过去分词)
会议很快就结束了，没达成任何一个协议。

[专题过关训练]
用with/without复合结构补全句子
1．我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。

I sat in my room for a few minutes with_my_eyes_fixed_on_the_ceiling.
2．士兵让他背朝着他父亲站在那儿。

The soldier had him stand with_his_back_to_his_father.
3．没有任何话要说，他离开了教室。

Without_any_word_to_say,_he left the classroom.
4．(2018·11月浙江高考写作)这是一个蓝色的皮革钱包，里面有1 000多美元，我的身份证和我的护照。

It is a blue leather purse with_over_$1,000,_my_ID_card_and_my_passport_in_it.
5．(2017·11月浙江高考写作)随着春节来临，准备是必要的。

With_the_Spring_Festival_approaching,_the preparation is necessary.
6．(2016·北京高考书面表达)做完所有的工作后，我们去了附近的社区，把它们分发给了住在那里的人们。

With_all_the_work_done,_we went to the nearby neighbourhood and gave them to the people living there.
7．(2016·江苏高考书面表达)有更多的人参加投票，结果会更客观、可靠。

With_more_people_taking_part_in_the_voting,_the result will be more objective and reliable.
8．随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要掌握好英语和计算机知识。

With_the_society_developing_rapidly,_it's necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.
9．没人注意，他从后门溜走了。

Without_anyone_noticing_him,_he slipped out from the back door.
10．因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰。

With_a_lot_of_homework_to_do,_I can't go skating with you.
扮亮句式(七) 不比不知道，一比语更高——倍数和比较句型
表示倍数和比较的句型相对较多，在写作中灵活运用这些句型有利于提升文章的档次，会让你的作文与众不同。

1．英语中常见的4种倍数表达法：
(1)A ＋be ＋倍数＋as ＋adj ./adv .原级＋as B
(2)A ＋be ＋倍数＋adj ./adv .比较级＋than B
(3)A ＋be ＋倍数＋the ＋名词(size, weight, length ...)＋of B
(4)A ＋be ＋倍数＋what 从句
①The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one.
→The red ruler is three times longer than the yellow one.
→The red ruler is three times the length of the yellow one.
这把红尺子是黄尺子的三倍长。

②The population now in this village is five times what it was ten years ago. 现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。

2．the ＋比较级 ..., the ＋比较级 ...“越……，就越……”
The less the teacher does, the more the students do and the more they will learn. 老师做得越少，学生就做得越多，他们学会的就越多。

3．比较级＋than ＋any other ＋名词单数 ...“比任何其他的都……”
Mike is more hard­working than any other student in the class.
迈克比班里其他的任何一个同学都勤奋。

4．prefer vt .更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
(1)prefer sth.to sth.喜欢……而不喜欢……
prefer to do sth.
更喜欢做某事 prefer doing sth.to doing sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……
⎭
⎪⎬⎪⎫
(2)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.would do sth.rather than do sth.
would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做……而不愿做…… ①Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。

②After all, all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.
＝After all, all kids would be praised rather than be scolded.
＝After all, all kids would rather be praised than be scolded.
＝After all, all kids prefer being praised to being scolded.
毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢被表扬而不是被批评。

5．be senior/junior to“比……年长/年龄小；(地位或级别等)比……高/低”
Mr Liu is three years senior to me, and he is also senior to me in our company.
刘先生比我大三岁，在公司里级别也比我高。

[专题过关训练]
用倍数和比较句型补全句子
1．我们的城市已经发展成了一个大城市，是原来的四倍大。

Our city has developed into a big one, which is four_times_as_big_as_it_used_to_be.
2．中国比亚洲的其他任何一个国家都大，也比非洲的任何一个国家都大。

China is larger_than_any_other_country in Asia and also larger_than_any_country in Africa.
3．你听和读得越多，你写和说得就越好。

The_more_you_listen_and_read,_the better you write and speak.
4．虽然他比我地位低，但却分配到一辆公司汽车。

He's been given a company car, even though he's_junior_to_me.
5．她更喜欢和我们一起去而不愿独自留下。

①She preferred_to_go_with_us_rather_than_stay behind alone.(prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.)
②She would_rather_go_with_us_than_stay behind alone.(would rather do sth.than do sth.)
③She would_go_with_us_rather_than_stay behind alone.(would do sth.rather than do sth.)
6．引进新技术后，今年汽车的产量是去年的两倍。

After the new technique was introduced, the production of cars this year is twice_as_much_as_that_of_last_year.
7．我宁愿去探个究竟，也不愿坐在这儿等待。

Rather than sit here waiting, I prefer_to_go_to_find_out what on earth has happened.
8．汤姆比安妮年轻，但他比玛丽年长。

三个人中他是中间的。

Tom is younger than Ann, but he_is_senior_to Mary. Of the three he is the middle.
9．肯尼亚四处干旱炎热，其面积是英国的两倍多。

Kenya, a land more than twice_the_size_of Britain, is everywhere parched.(size) 10．据报道，美国消耗的能源是整个欧洲的两倍。

It is reported that the United States uses twice_as_much_energy_as the whole of Europe. (as ...as)
扮亮句式(八) 彰显您的不一般——玩转“主动表被动”
高中英语学习中，时常可见一些不太好理解的语法现象，给高中生增加了难度，“主动表被动”就是其中的一个例子。

若能熟练驾驭，必能为你的写作增光添彩。

常见的“主动表被动”现象主要有以下几种：
1．动词不定式to do中的主动表被动
(1)主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do；此种句型可扩展为：
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋形容词＋to do
The essay is hard to understand.
→I found the essay hard to understand.
我觉得这篇文章很难理解。

(2)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋to do；扩展句型体现在with引导的复合结构中：With＋名词＋to do＋主句
Bill had an urgent meeting to attend. Bill was extremely anxious.
→With an urgent meeting to attend, Bill was extremely anxious.
有一个紧急会议要召开，比尔焦虑万分。

(3)There be＋名词＋to do
Michael got pretty worried, for there is an important guest to meet.迈克尔特别担忧，因为有一个重要的客户要见。

(4)主语＋be to blame(应受责备，应该负责)，be to let(可以出租)。

I wonder who is to blame for the missing cheese?
我想知道谁应该为丢失的奶酪负责？
[应用体验1] 补全句子
①所有的店员都很难相处，这对你们的声誉极其有害。

All_the_shop_assistants_are_hard_to_get_along_with,_which does great harm to your reputation.
②谁该为日益恶化的空气质量负责？
Who_is_to_blame_for the worsening air quality?
2．动名词doing中的主动表被动
(1)主语＋want/need/require/deserve/worth＋doing
Look at your flowers! They need watering.
瞧你的花儿！它们需要浇水了。

(2)主语＋be worth doing
Recently, there is something wrong with students' mental health, which is worth attaching importance to.
最近，学生们的心理健康出了问题，这值得重视。

[应用体验2] 补全句子
①说实话，你们的产品质量真的需要改进。

To be frank, the_quality_of_your_product_really_needs_improving.
②这儿的美无法用言语表达，值得再次去游玩。

The beauty here is beyond description and it_is_worth_visiting_again.
3．表状态、属性等特征的动词中的主动表被动
(1)主语＋谓语动词(不及物动词)＋副词。

在此类“主动表被动”的结构中，表示属性的动词有write, sell, wash, burn, cook, use等。

The book sells well overseas.这本书海外销路很好。

(2)主语＋can't/won't＋谓语动词(不及物动词)。

一些诸如work, open, move, shut, act, lock, wear等表状态的不及物动词，和can't/won't搭配使用时，往往带有各种感情色彩。

Damn! The door won't open.该死！门打不开了。

[应用体验3] 补全句子
①获得诺贝尔文学奖后，莫言的书很畅销。

Mo_Yan's_books_sold_well after he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
②帮我一下好吗？我的电脑不能正常工作了。

Can you do me a favor? My_computer_won't_work.
[专题过关训练]
用“主动表被动”结构翻译句子
1．有一些紧急事件要处理，我只有向你求助。

With_some_emergency_to_deal_with,_I_had_no_choice_but_to_turn_to_you.
2．毫无疑问，在我们的合作下，中国结销量将会很好。