2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷10

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）
第1套
一.综合题(共25题)
1.单选题
Some plants contain substances that interfere with the digestive processes of animals. 问题1选项
A.disrupt
B.encourage
C.augment
D.trigger
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

interfere with表示“干涉，妨碍”；A项disrupt“破坏，瓦解”，B项encourage“鼓励”，C项argument“争论”，D项trigger“引发，触发”。

句意：有些植物含有干扰动物消化过程的物质。

根据句意该题选A。

2.单选题
To preserve one’s dignity, the equilibrium between widely divergent impulses has to be maintained.
问题1选项
A.equality
B.confusion
C.distinction
D.poise
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。

equilibrium表示“平衡，均衡”。

A项equality“平等，相等”，B项confusion“混淆，混乱”，C项distinction“区别，差别”，D项poise“平衡，姿势”；句意：为了维护一个人的尊严，必须保持迥然不同的冲动之间的平衡。

根据句意该题选D。

3.单选题
The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).
Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions scientists continue to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.
The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is armed at using knowledge for specific purposes—for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or
approach is referred to as applied science.
Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.
46. To define science we may simply call it ______.
47. Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, ______.
48. A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach ______.
49. Which of the following statements does the author imply?
50. The best title for the passage is ______.
问题1选项
A.the study of unrelated subjects
B.an attempt to explain natural phenomena
C.the study of unrelated fields
D.classified knowledge
问题2选项
A.may lead to antiscientific, impure results
B.necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of a cell
C.is not always as pure as we suppose
D.necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell
问题3选项
A.applied science
B.agricultural science
C.pure science
D.environmental science
问题4选项
A.Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.
B.Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.
C.In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.
D.Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.
问题5选项
A.The Nature of Science and Scientists
B.Biology and the Scientific Age
C.Hypotheses and Theories
D.On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:A
【解析】46.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】细节事实题。

题干意思是“要定义科学，我们可以简单地把科学称之为……”。

第一段最后一句提到Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).（为了使解释尽可能简单，假设科学被定义为分类的知识），由此可知D项“分类的知识”正确。

A项“对不相关学科的研究”，原文未提及，A项不选。

B项“解释自然现象的一种尝试”，第二段第四句提到For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts
不相关领域的研究”，原文也未提及，C项错误。

因此该题选D。

47.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】细节事实题。

题干意思是“导致了显微镜问世的纯科学是……”。

文章中最后一段最后两句指出one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science is not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.（我们应该记住，显微镜的构造必须先于细胞的发现；许多献身于纯科学的科学家并没有因为忽视了他们发现的实用性而感到抱歉；他们从经验中知道，大多数知识最终都会得到应用），由此可知显微镜的问世是先于细胞的发现，且纯科学先于应用科学，故B项“必然先于应用科学，导致细胞的发现”正确，由此可知D项“这是应用科学和细胞发现的必然结果”是不正确的。

A项“可能导致反科学、不纯的结果”和C项“并不总是像我们想象的那样纯粹”文中都没有提及。

因此该题选B。

48.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】判断推理题。

题干意思是“一个对扩展我们关于氧气的一般知识感兴趣的科学家可能会称他的方法为……”。

根据第四段Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is armed at using knowledge for specific purposes（实际上，发现新信息有两种基本方法。

一种旨在满足好奇心，被称为纯科学；另一种则是将知识用于特定目的。

）可以推断，对于扩展我们关于氧气的一般知识感兴趣的科学家的方法是一种纯科学，因此C项“纯科学”符合题意。

A项“应用科学”错误；B项“农业科学”和D项“环境科学”文中都没有提到。

因此该题选C。

49.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】判断推理题。

题干意思是“作者暗示了下列哪一种说法？”。

文章最后一句话提到The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.（许多献身于纯科学的科学家并没有因为忽视了他们发现的实用性而感到抱歉；他们从经验中知道，大多数知识最终都会得到应用。

），由此可知从事理论研究的科学家不应该因忽视其发现的应用而受到责备，因为大多数的理论最终都能得到应用，故A项“从事理论研究的科学家不应该因为忽视他们的发现的实用方面而受到指责”正确。

B项“今天很少有人对科学的意义有任何概念”，文章首句提到The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. （“科学”这个词在现代社会被如此频繁地听到，以至于几乎每个人都对它的含义有一些概念），由此可知B项错误。

C项“在科学上，区分事实和虚构并不难”，第二段第一句提到Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. （即使在真正的科学中，区分事实和虚构也并不总是容易的），可知C项错误。

D 项“务实的人能够理解纯科学的意义和目的”，最后一段第一句提到Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards.（有时，注重实际的人忽视了纯科学的意义，只想到它能立即应用于经济回报。

）可知，D项也错误。

因此该题选A。

50.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】主旨大意题。

题干意思是“这篇文章最好的标题是什么？”。

从文章大意中可知，全文都在围绕科学在每个人心中的定义与重视理论与实践的科学家进行论述，故A项“科学的本质与科学家”更能概括全文。

B项“生物学和科学时代”，文章只在第三段提到了生物学；C项“假设和理论”只是第二段的一个例子；D项“论区分事实与虚构”只在第二段提到过。

因此该题选A。

4.单选题
There are many reasons why the majority of silent films have been lost: the deterioration of highly volatile nitrate stock, fire, negligence, the destruction of prints and negatives. __21__ silent films, though, still 22__. Mary Pickford’s 1911 short “Their First Misunderstanding” was recently found 23 an old bam and 24 by the Library of Congress. And it was 25 in 2010 that 75 American silent films 26 discovered at the New Zealand Film Archive, including John Ford’s lost 1927 “Upstream”, and repatriated to the major archives—the Library of Congress, the Academy Film Archive, UCLA Film and Television Archive, the George Eastman House and the Museum of Modern Art.
In fact the survey points out that 27 the 3,311 films that survive in 28 form, 886 were discovered in other countries—24% of them have been repatriated—with the Czech Republic__29__the largest collection of silent American films outside of the United States. The study was written by historian-archivist David Pierce, 30 also has created an inventory database of information 31 commercial and private holdings that, according to the study, 32 in repatriation of lost American films. The survey is one of several congressionally mandated studies of America’s film and 33 sound heritage.
“Unfortunately, there is 34 that’s already been lost,” said Steve Leggett, program coordinator 35 the National Film Preservation Board of the Library of Congress. “But this __36 identifies some that are around. You 37 just don’t know sometimes 38 you get over to these international archives—there may be other stuff unidentified because it’s 39___ a d ifferent language or they put American films aside because they focus on their own countries’ output. So hopefully, there are some more gems.” The study, he said give a “snapshot of what the current situation is—just to get a list of what titles we think survive and where they are. We are not going to be able to 40 to get all of them, but to prioritize some of the titles you might want to get.
问题1选项
A.Lost
B.Old
C.Left
D.Hidden
问题2选项
A.are discovered
B.discovered
C.has discovered
D.are being discovered
问题3选项
A.on
B.by
C.in
D.out of
问题4选项
A.observed
B.preserved
C.conserved
D.reserved
问题5选项
A.announced
B.known
C.enacted
D.promulgated
问题6选项
A.being
C.had been
D.have been
问题7选项
A.of
B.in
C.with
D.on
问题8选项
A.some
B.any
C.certain
D.special
问题9选项
A.dealing with
B.finding
C.holding
D.taking
问题10选项
B.which
C.it
D.who
问题11选项
A.for
B.on
C.By
D.with
问题12选项
A.aids
B.will aid
C.is aiding
D.was aided
问题13选项
A.subjected
B.left
C.drawn
D.recorded
问题14选项
A.so many
B.much
C.so much
D.very much
问题15选项
A.for
B.in
C.from
D.with
问题16选项
A.study
B.statistics
C.project
D.plan
问题17选项
A.accidentally
B.really
C.generally
D.unfortunately
问题18选项
A.after
B.whenever
C.until
D.then
问题19选项
A.by
B.with
C.for
D.in
问题20选项
e
B.afford
C.pay
D.amount
【答案】第1题:A 第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:B
第5题:A
第6题:C
第7题:A
第10题:D
第11题:B
第12题:B
第13题:D
第14题:C
第15题:A
第16题:A
第17题:B
第18题:C
第19题:D
第20题:B
【解析】21.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查上下文语义衔接。

上一句是“There are many reasons why the majority of silent films have been lost…”，意思是大部分的无声电影已经流失（丢失），其原因有很多，保存不当，火灾，副本和底片的损坏等。

下文中接着讲的应该是“不过，丢失的无声电影一直在不断的被发现”。

所以silent films前面应该填入与上文一致的形容词lost。

因此A选项符合。

22.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】考查时态和语态。

这句话句意是：不过，丢失的无声电影一直在不断的被发现。

无声电影是被发现的，因此此处应该用被动语态，B、C主动语态不符合；A项表示“被发现”，根据语义，“一直在不断被发现”用现在进行时更贴切。

因此A选项符合。

23.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查介词用法。

on表示“在……上面”，by表示“通过……”，in表示“在……里面”，out of 表示“在……的外面”；根据语义，“ Mary Pickford的1911部短电影《他们的第一次误会》最近在一个旧车库里被发现……”，因此C选项符合。

24.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】考查动词辨析。

Observe指以客观态度进行观察，也可指遵守遵循合同条款等；preserve 主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存，使不受破坏，能长久保存下去；conserve强调对有价值的东西珍惜，合理使用，常用于保护资源和野生动物，或指节约使用资源；reserve指事先预留下来以备后用，也可用于预订房间、票、座位等。

该句句意是：Mary Pickford的1911部短电影《他们的第一次误会》最近在一个旧车库里被发现并由国会图书馆保存。

因此应该选B。

25.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查词义辨析。

Announce指“宣布、公布、声明”，know指“知道”，enact指“制定、颁布（法律）”，promulgate指“传播，颁布（法律）”。

该句句意是2010年公布了有75部美国无声电影被发现于新西兰电影资料馆。

根据句意，这里指一般的宣布，因此应该选A。

26.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查时态。

根据句子And it was announced in 2010 that 75 American silent films…可以看出was announced“宣布”用的是一般过去时；该句句意是2010 年公布了有75部美国无声电影被发现于新西兰电影资料馆，be discovered“被发现”是发生在被宣布之前，所以应该用过去完成时 had been discovered, 因此应该选C。

27.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查介词用法。

of表示“……的”，也可表示“在……（数量）中有……”；in表示“在……里面”，多指地点、时间等；with表示“和……一起”，多指伴随；on表示“在……的上面”；根据句子In fact the survey points out that…the 3,311 films that survive in…fo rm, 886 were discovered in other countries可知大概句意是：事实上，调查表明现在的3311部电影
【试题解析】考查语义和代词用法。

Some指“一些”，与不可数名词或复数可数名词连用；any表示“任何”，与单数可数名词连用；certain指“某些”，做代词后面要跟名词复数；special表示“特别的”；文中的form用的是单数形式，且根据语境，该句句意是：事实上，调查表明现在的3311部电影不管以任何一种形式存在……，故应选B。

29.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查词义辨析。

Deal with指“处理”；find指“发现”；hold指“拥有、保留”；take指“占据、取得”；另外，这是一个with介词的独立结构，因此动词用-ing的形式；这句句意是：在美国以外，捷克共和国保留着最大的无声电影收藏。

因此，此项选C。

30.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】考查定语从句。

根据句子The study was written by historian-archivist David Pierc e, …also has created an inventory database of…，可以看出这里是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是David Pierce，指人应该用连接代词who；A项缺少连词and，B项which指物，C项不能指人；句意是：该研究是由历史档案管理学家David Pierce所做，他创立了一个详细目录数据库……。

因此，D项正确。

31.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】考查介词用法。

for指“对于、因为、给、为了”，on表示“在……之上、关于”，by指“通过、被、由”，with表“伴随，和”。

根据句子information…commercial and private holdings推断出，句意是：关于商业和私人保留的信息；而information通常与on/about搭配，所以该题B项最符合。

32.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】考查语义的判断和时态。

根据句子that, according to the study, …in repatriation of lost American films来看，这是一个定语从句，that后面引导的从句是修饰先行词an inventory database；句意是：根据研究，这个数据库将来会对无声电影的归还回国有帮助作用。

因此要用将来时，所以选项B正确。

33.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】考查语义衔接和词义辨析。

Subjected表示“遭受的，臣服的”；left表示“剩下的，左边的”；drawn表示“憔悴的，扭歪的”，另外be drawn to 表示吸引；recorded表示“记录的（声音）”；根据句意“此调查是国会授权有关美国电影和记录的声音遗产的研究之一”可知recorded符合，所以D项正确。

34.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查代词和语法。

M any“许多”做代词指代可数名词复数；much“大量的，许多”，做代词指代不可数名词。

句中“That’s already been lost”是一个定语从句，is决定了前面的先行词应该是单数，所以排除A；much做代词，不能用very修饰，排除D；根据句意“很遗憾，大多都丢失了”可知so much 比much更合适。

因此选C。

35.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查介词用法。

For“为……”，in“在……里”，from“从……来（地点）”，with“和……”；根据句子program coordinator…the National Film Preservation Board of the Library of Congress，结合上句语境可知句意是：国会图书馆电影保护局的项目协调员。

用for最合适，表示为国会图书馆电影保护局做协调员，因此A选项正确。

36.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】考查语义衔接。

Study“研究、学习”，statistics“统计学”，project“项目、方案、工程”，plan“计划”。

“But this…identifies some that are around”这句话是Steve Leggett 说的，从上文可以看到这一段都是Steve Leggett在对David Pierce的研究发表自己的见解和看法，因此此处应该填入study，所以A选项正确。

unfortunately“不幸地”。

根据句子You…just don’t know sometimes…you get over to these international archives得知句意为：你的确有时候不知道，直到进入这些国际性档案馆。

所以，该题选B正确。

38.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】考查连词用法。

After“在……之后”，whenever“无论何时”，until“直到”，then“然后”；固定搭配not…until…表示“直到……才……”，根据句意，“你的确有时候不知道，直到进入这些国际性档案馆”，可知该题选C正确。

39.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】考查介词搭配。

By“通过”，with“和”，for“为了、对”，in“用、在……里”；根据句子it’s…a different language（以不同的语言呈现）可知，跟语言搭配介词一般用in，in+语言表示“以某种语言表达”，例如：in English, in Chinese。

因此选D。

40.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。

Come“来、开始、发生”，afford“负担、承担”，pay“支付”，amount“总计、合计、等于”。

根据句子We are not going to be able to…to get all of them, but to prioritize some of the titles you might want to get.，可知句意为：我们不可能承担得起找出所有的无声电影，但可以优先一些可能想要的无声电影。

根据句意，afford最合适，be afford to do表示“承担得起”，因此选项B正确。

5.翻译题
我们大家都读过一些激动人心的故事，故事中的主人公将不久于人世，余下的日子屈指可数，长不过一年，短则只有一天。

我们始终很想知道，这个死到临头的人做出什么样的抉择来度过最后的命数。

这类故事常引起我们的思索和遐想：在这类情况下人们会做些什么呢？哪些事件、哪些经历、哪些联想会在临死的最后一刻一股脑儿涌向心头呢？有时我想，把每一天都当作生命最后一天来过，也许是一种极好的生活准则。

【答案】参考译文：
All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But we always were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours.
Such stories set us thinking and wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, and what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow.
6.单选题
Public general hospitals originated in the almshouse infirmaries established as early as colonial times by local governments to care for the poor. Later, in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the infirmary separated from the almshouse and became an independent institution supported by local tax money. At the same time, private charity hospitals began to develop. Both private and public hospitals provided mainly food and shelter for the impoverished sick, since there was little that medicine could actually do to cure illness, and the middle class was treated at home by private physicians.
Late in the nineteenth century, the private charity hospital began trying to attract middle-class patients. Although the depression of 1890 stimulated the growth of charitable institutions and an expanding urban population became dependent on assistance, there was a decline in private contributions to these organizations which forced them to look to local government for financial support. Since private institutions had also lost benefactors; they began to charge patients. In order to attract middle-class patients, private institutions provided services and amenities that distinguished between paying and non-paying patients and made the hospital a desirable place for private physicians to treat their own patients. As paying patients became more necessary to the survival of the private hospital, the public hospitals slowly became the only place for the poor to get treatment. By the end of the nineteenth century, cities were reimbursing private hospitals for their care of indigent patients and the public hospitals remained dependent on the tax dollars.
The advent of private hospital health insurance, which provided middle-class patients with the purchasing power to pay for private hospital services, guaranteed the private hospital a regular source of income. Private hospitals restricted themselves to revenue-generating patients, leaving the public hospitals to care for file poor. Although public hospitals continued to provide services for patients with communicable diseases and-outpatient and emergency services, the Blue Cross plans developed around the needs of the private hospitals and the inpatients they served. Thus, reimbursement for ambulatory care has been minimal under most Blue Cross plans, and provision of outpatient care has not been a major function of the private hospital, in part because private patients can afford to pay for the services of private physicians. Additionally, since World War II，there has been a tremendous influx of federal money into private medical schools and the hospitals associated with them. Further, large private medical centers with expensive research equipment and programs have attracted the best administrators, physicians, and researchers. As a result of the greater resources available to the private medical centers, public hospitals have increasing problems attracting highly qualified research and medical personnel. With the mainstream of health care firmly established in the private medical sector, the public hospital has become a “dumping ground.”
56. According to the passage, the very first private hospitals ______.
57. It can be inferred that the author believes the differences that currently exist between public and private hospitals are primarily the result of ______.
58. Which of the following would be the most logical topic for the author to introduce in the next paragraph?
59. The author’s primary concern is to ______.
60. The author’s attitude toward public hospitals can best be described as ______.
问题1选项
A.developed from almshouse infirmaries
B.were established mainly to service the poor
C.were supported by government revenues
D.provided better care than public infirmaries
问题2选项
A.political considerations
B.legislative requirements
C.economic factors
D.ethical concerns
问题3选项
A.A plan to improve the quality of public hospitals.
B.An analysis of the profit structure of health insurance companies.
C.A proposal to raise taxes on the middle class.
D.A discussion of recent developments in medical technology.
问题4选项
A.describe the financial structure of the healthcare industry
B.demonstrate the importance of government support for health-care institutions
C.criticize wealthy institutions for refusing to provide services to the poor
问题5选项
A.contemptuous and prejudiced
B.enthusiastic and supportive
C.apprehensive and distrustful
D.concerned and understanding
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:D
第5题:D
【解析】56.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】细节事实题。

题干意思是“根据文章，最早的私立医院……”。

文章第一段说到Public general hospitals originated in the almshouse infirmaries established as early as colonial times by local governments to care for the poor.（公立综合医院起源于殖民地时期地方政府为照顾穷人而建立的救济院医务室），由此可知由救济院医务室发展来的是公立医院，而不是私人医院，所以A项“由救济院医务室发展而来”错误；根据第一段最后一句Both private and public hospitals provided mainly food and shelter for the impoverished sick（私立医院和公立医院主要为贫困病人提供食物和住所）可知，最开始公立医院和私立医院都是为穷人提供服务的，因此B项“主要是为穷人服务而建立的”符合题意；C项“由政府收入支持”文中未提及；D项“提供比公立医院更好的护理”，最初的公立医院和私立医院都是为穷人服务，没有好坏之分，因此D项错误。

故该题选B。

57.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】细节事实题。

题干意思是“可以推断，作者认为目前公立医院与私立医院之间存在的差异，主要是由于……”。

根据文章第二段Since private institutions had also lost benefactors; they began to charge patients. In order to attract middle-class patients, private institutions provided services and amenities that distinguished between paying and non-paying patients and made the hospital a desirable place for private physicians to treat their own patients. As paying patients became more necessary to the survival of the private hospital, the public hospitals slowly became the only place for the poor to get treatment. By the end of the nineteenth century, cities were reimbursing private hospitals for their care of indigent patients and the public hospitals remained dependent on the tax dollars.（因为私人机构也失去了捐助者；他们开始向病人收费。

为了吸引中产阶级患者，私人机构提供了区分付费和非付费患者的服务和设施，使医院成为私人医生治疗自己患者的理想场所。

随着付费病人对私立医院的生存变得更加必要，公立医院慢慢成为穷人获得治疗的唯一场所。

到19世纪末，城市开始偿还私立医院对贫困病人的护理费用，而公立医院仍然依靠纳税人的钱），这一段详细阐述了
项“政治上的考虑”，B项“立法要求”和D项“伦理关怀”错误，C项“经济因素”符合题意。

故该题选C。

58.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】判断推理题。

题干意思是“下面哪一项会是作者在下一段中引入的最符合逻辑的主题？”。

文章最后两句话说到As a result of the greater resources available to the private medical centers, public hospitals have increasing problems attracting highly qualified research and medical personnel. With the mainstream of health care firmly established in the private medical sector, the public hospital has become a “dumping ground.”（由于私人医疗中心拥有更多的资源，公立医院在吸引高素质的研究人员和医务人员方面面临越来越多的问题。

随着主流医疗保健在私营医疗部门的牢固建立，公立医院已成为一个“垃圾场”），根据最后一段讲述了公立医院因为缺少资金找不高素质的医疗研究人员，导致其变成了一个垃圾场，根据逻辑推理，在接下来的文章中，作者极可能就此问题进行分析，并给出如何改进这一问题的方案，所以选择A项“提高公立医院质量的计划”；B项“健康保险公司利润结构分析”，C项“提高中产阶级税收的提案”和D项“对医学技术最近发展的讨论”都与改善公立医院无关。

故该题选A。

59.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】主旨大意题。

题干意思是“作者主要关心的是什么”。

全文作者一开始就讲述了公立医院与私立医院的历史发展与变化和直到今天各自如此不同的各种原因，所以D项“找出私立医院和公立医院分离的历史原因”更能概括作者的意图。

A项“描述医疗保健行业的财务结构”，过于片面，这只是说了私立医院与公立医院不同的一个方面，不够全面，故不选；B项“证明政府支持保健机构的重要性”，文中作者也没有说过政府支持对医院的重要性，所以B项错误；C项“批评富裕的机构拒绝为穷人提供服务”，作者整个态度是中立的，并没有批评哪一方面的意思，所以C项不选。

故该题选D。

60.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】作者态度题。

题干意思是“作者对公立医院的态度最好的描述是什么”。

作者在全文中对于公立医院的来源于发展都是保持一种客观描述的态度，对公立医院今时今日的处境也表示理解与关心。

所以选D项“关心和理解”更符合题意。

文中作者并没有表示任何轻蔑或是十分热衷，所以A项“轻蔑和偏见”和B项“热情和支持”均不选；C项“不安和不信任”，文中针对公立医院的服务质量作者没有多做描述，不存在不信任或怀疑；因此该项也不选。

故该题选D。

7.单选题
Airbnb announced that it’s going after the major hotel chains—which at first sounded kind of cute, like a precocious Little League pitcher saying he’s going to strike out Miguel Cabrera.
But when CEO Brian Chesky laid out his thinking for me while sitting on a barrel in Airbnb’s new, funky headquarters in San Francisco, I thought the investors who have pumped $326 million into the company might not be too dim. Airbnb is becoming much more than a way to spend $26 a night to sleep in London with five other people at The Imperial Fleapit.
In fact, Airbnb is looking like a proof point of a trend that has been getting a lot of attention lately. Come refer to it as the DIY for do it yourself-movement. Venture capitalist Hemant Taneja, looking at it form a different angle, calls it “unsealing.” Chesky uses the term “decentralized production.” Mar c Andreessen hit on the concept in a manifesto
mass production. We’re instead moving toward a world of massive numbers o f small-producers offering unique stuff—and of consumers who reject mass-produced stuff. The Internet, software, 3D printing, social networks, cloud computing and other technologies are making this economically feasible—in fact desirable.
The hotel industry and the way Airbnb thinks about it—is an example of how that is playing out. There is a fundamental truth about big hotel chains that is only now being exposed in the Internet age: Hotel chains grew out of a lack of information.
In the middle of last century cars and highways made the world far more mobile. Many more people traveled to towns they didn’t know and they needed places to sleep. They had no way to know which hotel or boarding house might be nice or offer amenities they wanted. Travel guides, l ike Mobil’s popped up in the 1950s, but for the most part information remained scarce.
Still, the underlying story of Airbnb, information and the major hotels will get replayed in lots of industries in the next few years: Mass production and sameness mean safety when information, intimacy and trust don’t exist. As information delivered globally and cheaply over the Internet, brings back intimacy and trust, the advantage of uniformity at scale slips away.
41. According to the passage, Airbnb is a hotel that might be ______.
42. According to the passage, the future of mass production will be ______.
43. According to the passage, hotel chains were ______.
44. According to the passage, the advantage of uniformity at scale ______.
45. Which of the following might be the title of the passage?
问题1选项
A.famous
B.unique
C.funky
D.luxurious
问题2选项
A.feasible
B.desirable
C.economic。