2020届湖北省荆州中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案

2020届湖北省荆州中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Bird migration is described as the regular, seasonal movement of bird populations from one place to another and back again.
The longer days and rich food of the northern summer provide greater chances for birds to feed their young. The longer daylight hours and enormous food resources allow birds to lay larger eggs than those of related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics all year round. As the days shorten in autumn and the breeding period is over, the birds return to warmer regions where the available food supply differs little with the seasons changing. The advantages of migration make up for the high stress, physical exertion（消耗）, and other risks of the migration.
Day length is the primary environmental factor that encourages birds to prepare for migration. They have an increased appetite which results in weight gaining, giving them the fat reserves that provide energy for their migratory flight. They also show more activity at night, which is when most birds migrate. While the length of day is the primary reason for migration, birds also respond to temperature changes. For example, if a spring is late and the temperature is lower than normal, birds delay migration; if a spring is early, birds also begin migration early.
The timing of the migratory cycle must allow birds to arrive on the breeding site so that there is time tobuild a breeding place, mate, lay the eggs, and hatch the young before the rich food is available to feed the young in the nest. Similarly, if birds wait until the climate in their northern breeding grounds becomes tolerable(可忍受的), there will be no time togain the necessary weight that provides the energy needed for their southbound migration.
1. Why do birds migrate to the north in spring?
A The temperature in the south has risen.
B. They like traveling and enjoy the journey.
C. The summer there is warmer than that in the south.
D. The environment there is more suitable for them to feed their baby birds.
2. What are the two factors that cause birds to migrate?
A. Day length and food supply.
B. Night length and high stress.
C. Temperature changes and daylength.
D. Food supply and temperature changes.
3. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Birds' Life
B. Birds' Migration
C. Birds' Breeding Habits
D. Birds' Living Environment
B
The far side of the moonis a strange and wild region, quite different from the familiar and mostly smooth face we see nightly from our planet. Soon this rough space will have even stranger features: it will be crowded with radio telescopes.
Astronomers are planning to make the moon's distant side our newest and best window on the cosmic(宇宙的) dark ages, a mysterious era hiding early marks of stars and galaxies. Our universe was not always filled with stars. About 380,000 years after the big bang, the universe cooled, and the first atoms of hydrogen formed. Gigantic hydrogen clouds soon filled the universe. But for a few hundred million years, everything remained dark, without stars. Then came the cosmic dawn: the first stars flickered, galaxies came into existence and slowly the universe's large­scale structure took shape.
The seeds of this structure must have been present in the dark­age hydrogen clouds, but the era has been impossible toprobeusing optical(光学的) telescopes—there was no light. And although this hydrogen produced long­wavelength(or low­frequency) radio emissions,radio telescopes on Earth have found it nearly impossible to detect them. Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned out by humanity's radio noise.
Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side. Now multiple space agencies plan lunar missions carrying radio­wave­detecting instruments—some within the next three years—and astronomers' dreams are set to become reality.
“If I were to design an ideal place to do low­frequency radio astronomy, I would have to build the moon,”says astrophysicist Jack Burns of the University of Colorado Boulder. “We are just now finally getting to the place where we're actually going to be putting these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.”
4. What's the purpose of building radio telescopes on the moon?
A To research the big bang. B. To discover unknown stars.
C. To study the cosmic dark ages.
D. To observe the far side of the moon.
5. What does the underlined word “probe” in Paragraph 3 possibly mean?
A. Explore.
B. Evaluate.
C. Produce.
D. Predict.
6. Hydrogen radio emissions can't be detected on Earth because ________．
A. there was no light in the dark ages
B. they cannot possibly get through our atmosphere
C. gigantic hydrogen clouds no longer fill the universe
D. radio signals on Earth cause too much interference
7. What can we infer from theunderlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. Scientists have to rebuild the moon.
B. We will finally get to the moon's distant side.
C. The moon is a perfect place to set up radio telescopes.
D. A favorable research environment will be found on the moon.
C
Thermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions, like a free lunch. But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use. Now, researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well. The work could pave the way for greener car engines, and other energy-generating devices.
“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,” says Li-Dong Zhao, a materials scientist. He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing. However, he says, “This will be used in the not too far future.”
Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface. That gives them a hot side and a cool side. If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side, the electricity stops flowing. A device’s success at preventing this, as well as its ability to conduct electrons, feeds into a score known as the figure of merit, or ZT.
Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs. The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1. Yet the material was too fragile to work with. “For practical applications, it’s a non-star-ter,” Kanatzidis says.
Getting through that door will still take some time. The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na,
creating a “p-type” material that conducts positive charges. To make working devices, researchers also need an “n-type” version to conduct negative charges.
Zhao’s team is now working on making an n-type version. Once successful, researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors. Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.
8. The first paragraph wants to tell us________.
A. The wide use of thermoelectric generators
B. The devices of current thermoelectric generators
C. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectrics
D. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection
9. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?
A. Indifferent.
B. Optimistic.
C. Critical.
D. Worried.
10. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5?
A. It was far from a success for practical applications.
B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.
C. Researchers made an “n-type” version to make working devices
D. A “p-type” material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges
11. What does the underlined word “scavenge” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Recycle.
B. Produce.
C. Clean.
D. Increase.
D
Jon Pedley is making a big change. He is giving up his life as a businessman for a life of helping others. He is trading his beautiful farmhouse in England for life in a mud hut in Uganda, East Africa.
Pedley admits that he has notalways led a very positive life. At times he drank too much and got in trouble with the law. “I’ve always put the pursuit of money in front of everything else. As long as I was all right, I didn’t care who I was hurting, ” says Pedley.
But a visit to Uganda in 2007 gave Pedley a new outlook on life. He was amazed at what he saw and how much the people there appreciated the work he was doing. “I worked there for a few days and these people who have nothing were thanking me by giving me bags of potatoes, which are a fortune for them,” he said.
Now Pedley is selling his business, his $1.5 million farmhouse, and his expensive car — and moving into a hut
made of mud and boards in a small Ugandan village. There he will help run an organization that hopes to improve the quality of life for people in the village of Kigazi. He will help to build schoolrooms for children and tanks to hold clean water for villagers. Today, people in Kigazi must walk two miles to a hospital, so Pedley will help to build doctors’ offices, too.
Pedley’s organization will also work with English teenagers who are in trouble. The teens will be sent to a “camp” in Uganda that Pedley will run. The teens will live in mud huts and help to build water, health, and education facilities for kids in Kigazi, many of whom have lost their parents to poverty or disease. Pedley hopes the teens will see a side of life that might help them turn around their own lives and set them on a new and more positive path.
12. Which of the following best describes Pedley’s life in the past?
A. Negative.
B. Colorful.
C. Independent.
D. Selfish.
13. What will Pedley do in the small Ugandan village?
A. Do business with the local people.
B. Help farmers increase potato output.
C. Assist villagers with construction work.
D. Introduce tools to improve English teaching.
14. Why will Pedley work with English teenagers in trouble?
A. To encourage them to make friends with locals.
B. To inspire them to live a more positive life.
C. To train them to become doctors in the future.
D. To make them learn about different cultures.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. From millionaire to mud hut
B. A life-changing adventure
C. A rich man becoming homeless
D. More money, more worries
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Running, cycling, aerobics (有氧运动) … there are hundreds of ways to get fit.___16___Here are two ly new ones that you might like to try.
Exergaming
Exergaming consists of doing exercise with video games. And there are lots to choose from. Dance Dance Revolution (DDR) is a fun way to work out. Simply stand on a platform and hit the coloured arrows with your feet as you follow the instructions on the screen.___17___As the tagline (标语) says, “Taking dancing to a whole new level!” For a gentler form of exercise, try the “Wii Fit” series of games. You can do yoga, strength training and aerobics while standing on a balance board.___18___
Anti-shoes
___19___They’re meant to improve your posture, and strengthen your muscles. They can also increase circulation and reduce body fat. The shoes were invented by Swiss engineer Karl Müller in the early 1990s. On a visit to Korea, he noticed that walking barefoot over some soft fields alleviated (缓解) his back and knee problems. He also discovered that the Kenyan Masai tribespeople (who often walk barefoot) don’t suffer from back pain and are famous for their perfect posture. So, he decided that the answer was a shoe with a curved sole and no heel.The shoes were launched in 1996, and by 2000 approximately 20,000 pairs had been sold in Switzerland, Austria and Germany.___20___Some celebrities such as Jemima Khan, Jodie Kidd and Sadie Frost also own a pair.
A.Since then, they have become a big hit.
B.Concentrate on the screen and search for the instructions.
C.You score points by hitting the right arrow at the right time.
D.And every year there are lots of new ideas for getting into shape.
E.Walking on Anti-shoes is similar to walking barefoot onsand or grass.
F.Personalize your workout, or exercise with a friend, competing in games!
G.Anti-shoes are designed to exercise parts of your body while you’re walking.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I first heard about several cases of coronavirus in January, 2020. But I did not___21___the outbreak to have such a sudden and powerful effect on the rest of the world. In March, towards the end of winter quarter, it was___22___that we would take all the finals online. It was unexpected, and all university teachers and students were___23___.
Due to the coronavirus pandemic, our University of California at San Diego（UCSD）student-run free dental clinics are closed___24___, and most research laboratories are only open for____25____personnel. Thus, I have had a lot more spare time than before,___26___most of the events have been switched to be held online. To___27___time, I learned to follow___28___to make different dishes. The period of quarantine（隔离）has become a time when I can learn some new life___29___.
Besides cooking I have been___30___a new hobby—playing puzzles. At first, solving a puzzle was justa way for me to___31___endurance（忍耐性）and patience. Then I realized that I learned much more than that. When I___32___1,000 pieces of a puzzle on the table, I___33___not buying a simpler one. I suddenly realized how impatient I was that I couldn’t even focus on such a simpler task.
Electronic devices have been training me to constantly stare at a blinking（闪烁）screen and___34___what I was doing. I decided to solve a puzzle while___35___devices for several hours, and enjoy one simple task like a little child.
When I started to look for different pieces to see if they could fit in a larger___36___, I started to look for shortcuts. I tried to collect puzzles with similar patterns or color1 s and___37___their edges.
During this time, I slowly forgot all the madness and___38___of quarantine life. Every time I got one piece in the right place, I was___39___awarded by such a small success and motivated to keep on trying. It was surprising and unexpected for me to receive so much___40___from focusing on solving puzzles.
21. A. encourage B. expect C. require D. remind
22. A. announced B. promised C. hoped D. discovered
23. A. unhappy B. unfortunate C. uninterested D. unprepared
24. A. occasionally B. formally C. temporarily D. gradually
25. A. devoted B. eager C. excellent D. limited
26. A. unless B. before C. since D. though
27. A. treasure B. kill C. waste D. save
28. A. schedules B. orders C. targets D. recipes
29. A. secrets B. tracks C. skills D. lessons
30. A. exploring B. spreading C. reviewing D. doubting
31. A. support B. practise C. recommend D. appreciate
32. A. broke up B. handed in C. poured out D. put away
33. A. imagined B. permitted C. advised D. regretted
34. A. forget B. guess C. remember D. emphasize
35. A. putting up with B. staying away from C. watching out for D. taking control of
36. A. basket B. poster C. picture D. board
37. A. touch B. remove C. draw D. compare
38. A. danger B. boredom C. excitement D. amazement
39. A. mentally B. physically C. strangely D. passively
40. A. trouble B. joyfulness C. responsibility D. praise
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Out of a home bakery (烘焙) in Bowie, Maryland, a young businessman gives one cupcake away to someone in need, for each one he sells. Behind the operation is 14 -year-old Michael Platt. He runs a company___41.___model is based on another company of charity.
Platt recently got____42.____ order for a few dozen cupcakes, and as promised, he doubled the order and packed up the extra cupcakes to bring to___43.___(home) people on the streets. Now, he focuses ____44.____ his business and charity, hoping to open several grocery_____45._____ (store) for people who want to shop for affordable things. As if______46.______ (run) the bakery and charity is not enough, Platt partners with No Kid Hungry and____47.____ (raise) money for the organization which helps children in need of food.
On Top of all of that, Platt recently gave a TED talk on being a young businessman. “Kids can do what they love to do and also be able___48.___(help) people,” he said. “If everyone does what they can to end a problem that they’re___49.___ (interest) in, then the problem will end.” The audience were___50.___(great) inspired by his story.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Thank you for your letter, that really made me happy. I’m glad know that you’ve come to China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I begin to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Looking forward to yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa发来邮件向你求助。

请你根据邮件内容，给她回一封邮件。

Dear Li Hua,
I want to board at school from this year, but my parents just think I'm too young to look after myself and keep
asking me to live at home. They also say I can concentrate more on my study when studying at home, and sleeping alone can make it possible for me to have a good night's sleep. I really don't know how to deal with the disagreement between us. Can you give me your advice?
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Lisa 注意:词数100左右。

Dear Lisa,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hui
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. C
8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. D 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. A
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32.
C 33.
D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B
41. whose
42. an 43. homeless
44. on 45. stores
46. running
47. raises 48. to help
49. interested
50. greatly
51.(1).that→which
(2). glad后加to
(3). surely→sure
(4).begin→began
(5). for→but
(6). vacations→vacation
(7). such→so
(8).删去on
(9). yours→your
(10). sooner→soon 52.略。