2005年上海高考试卷
2005年上海高考数学试题及答案(理科)
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)数学(理工农医类)、填空题(本大题满分48分)1•函数f (x)1log 4(x 1)的反函数f (x)= .2. 方程4x2x2 0的解是___________ .3. 直角坐标平面xoy中，若定点A(1,2)与动点P(x,y)满足O P?O A 4，则点P的轨迹方程是___________________ 4•在(x a)10的展开式中，x7的系数是15,则实数a= _______________ .5•若双曲线的渐近线方程为y 3x，它的一个焦点是<10,0，则双曲线的方程是__________________ .x 1 2 cos6.将参数方程(为参数)化为普通方程，所得方程是_________________ .y 2si n7.计算：lim 3n 寫3 2&某班有50名学生，其中15人选修A课程，另外35人选修B课程.从班级中任选两名学生，他们是选修不同课程的学生的概率是 _______________________ .(结果用分数表示)9.在ABC 中，若A 120 , AB=5 , BC=7，贝y ABC 的面积S= ______________ .10.函数f(x) sinx 2 | sinx|,x 0,2 的图象与直线y k有且仅有两个不同的交点，则k的取值范围是 __________ .211.有两个相同的直三棱柱，高为一，底面三角形的三边长分别为a3a,4a,5a(a 0).用它们拼成一个三棱柱或四棱柱，在所有可能的情形中，全面积最小的是一个四棱柱，则a的取值范围是 ___________12•用n个不同的实数a1,a2, ,a n可得到n!个不同的排列，每个排列为一行写成一个n!行的数阵•对第i行a i1 , a i2 , , a in，记b an 2a i2 3a i3 (1)n na in , i 1,2,3, ,n!•例如：用1, 2, 3可得数阵1 2 31 3 22 1 32 3 123 13 2 1么，在用1, 2, 3, 4, 5形成的数阵中，b2 b i20 =如图，由于此数阵中每一列各数之和都是12,所以，b1 b2b612 2 12 3 12 24，那二、选择题（本大题满分16分）113.若函数f （x ）-，则该函数在2x 1A .单调递减无最小值 C .单调递增无最大值三、解答题（本大题满分86分）17.（本题满分12分）已知直四棱柱 ABCD AB 1CQ 1中，AA 1 2 ,底面ABCD 是直角梯形，/ A 是直角,AB||CD , AB=4 , AD=2 , DC=1，求异面直线 B 。
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理(上海卷)(答案与解析)
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理（上海卷）一、（20分）填空题.本大题共5小题，每小题4分.答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程.本大题中第1、2、3小题为分叉题，分A、B两类，考生可任选一类答题.若两类试题均做，一律按A类题计分.A类题（适合于使用一期课改教材的考生）1A.通电直导线A与圆形通电导线环B固定放置在同一水平面上，通有如图所示的电流时，通电直导线A受到水平向________的安培力作用.当A、B中电流大小保持不变，但同时改变方向时，通电直导线A所受到的安培力方向水平向________.答案：右右解析：由图可知，直导线A位于导线环B产生的垂直向里的磁场中，根据左手定则，可判断导线A受到的安培力方向向右.当A、B中的电流方向改变时，A导线处于导线B产生垂直向外的磁场中，同时导线A的电流方向改变，依据左手定则可以判定，A受安培力仍水平向右.2A.如图所示，实线表示两个相干波源S1、S2发出波的波峰位置，则图中的________点为振动加强的位置，图中的________点为振动减弱的位置.答案：b a解析：由图可知，b到S1、S2的距离相等，即波程差Δs=0，故b点为加强区.a到S1、S2的距离不等，且波程差Δs=1.5λ，故a点为减弱区.3A.对“落体运动快慢”“力与物体运动关系”等问题，亚里士多德和伽利略存在着不同的观点.请完成下表：解析：略B类题（适合于使用二期课改教材的考生）1B.下面是逻辑电路图及其真值表，此逻辑电路为________门电路，在真值表中X处的逻辑值为________.答案：“或” 1 解析：略2B.正弦交流电是由闭合线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动产生的.线圈中感应电动势随时间变化的规律如图所示，则此感应电动势的有效值为________V ，频率为________Hz.答案：220（或22311） 50 解析：有效值ε=2m =22311 V ≈220 V .由图可知T =0.02 s ，故f =T 1=50 Hz.3B.阴极射线是从阴极射线管的阴极发出的高速运动的粒子流，这些微观粒子是________.若在如图所示的阴极射线管中部加上垂直于纸面向里的磁场，阴极射线将________（填“向上””向下““向里”“向外”）偏转.答案：电子 向下解析：阴极射线即为电子流.当电子流穿过垂直纸面向里的磁场时，将受到洛伦兹力的作用而向下偏转（注意电流方向与电子流方向相反）.公共题（全体考生必做）4.如图，带电荷量为+q 的点电荷与均匀带电薄板相距为2d ，点电荷到带电薄板的垂线通过板的几何中心.若图中a 点处的电场强度为零，根据对称性，带电薄板在图中b 点处产生的电场强度大小为________，方向________.（静电力恒量为k ）答案：2d kq水平向左（或垂直薄板向左） 解析：因为E a =0，故薄板与+q 产生的场强在该处大小相等、方向相反.即E 板=E q =k2d q ，同时可知薄板也带正电.根据薄板形成电场的对称性，薄板在b 点的场强也为k2dq，方向水平向左.5.下图中图线①表示某电池组的输出电压—电流关系，图线②表示其输出功率—电流关系.该电池组的内阻为________Ω.当电池组的输出功率为120 W 时，电池组的输出电压是________V.答案：5 30解析：由U =ε－Ir 图线，取（5，25）、（2，40）两点数据代入方程，求出r =5 Ω，ε=50 V.从P －I 线读出P =120 W 时的电流I =4 A ，代入U =ε－Ir ，求出U =30 V.二、（40分）选择题.本大题共8小题，每小题5分.每小题给出的四个答案中，至少有一个是正确的.把正确答案全选出来，并将正确答案前面的字母填写在题后的括号内.每一小题全选对的得5分；选对但不全，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得0分.填写在括号外的字母，不作为选出的答案.6.2005年被联合国定为“世界物理年”，以表彰爱因斯坦对科学的贡献.爱因斯坦对物理学的贡献有A.创立“相对论”B.发现“X 射线”C.提出“光子说”D.建立“原子核式模型” 答案：AC 解析：略7.卢瑟福通过实验首次实现了原子核的人工转变，核反应方程为42He+127N →178O+11H.下列说法中正确的是A.通过此实验发现了质子B.实验中利用了放射源放出的γ射线C.实验中利用了放射源放出的α射线D.原子核在人工转变过程中，电荷数可能不守恒 答案：AC 解析：略8.对如图所示的皮带传动装置，下列说法中正确的是A.A 轮带动B 轮沿逆时针方向旋转B.B 轮带动A 轮沿逆时针方向旋转C.C 轮带动D 轮沿顺时针方向旋转D.D 轮带动C 轮沿顺时针方向旋转 答案：BD解析：由图中皮带的受力段可以判断出B、D项正确.9.如图所示，A、B分别为单摆做简谐振动时摆球的不同位置.其中，位置A为摆球摆动的最高位置，虚线为过悬点的竖直线.以摆球最低位置为重力势能零点，则摆球在摆动过程中A.位于B处时动能最大B.位于A处时势能最大C.在位置A的势能大于在位置B的动能D.在位置B的机械能大于在位置A的机械能答案：BC解析：根据单摆振动过程中动能与势能转化及机械能守恒知识，可知B、C项正确.10.如图所示的塔吊臂上有一可以沿水平方向运动的小车A，小车下装有吊着物体B的吊钩.在小车A与物体B以相同的水平速度沿吊臂方向匀速运动的同时，吊钩将物体B向上吊起，A、B之间的距离以d=H－2t2（SI）（SI表示国际单位制，式中H为吊臂离地面的高度）规律变化，则物体做A.速度大小不变的曲线运动B.速度大小增加的曲线运动C.加速度大小方向均不变的曲线运动D.加速度大小方向均变化的曲线运动答案：BC解析：由题可知，物体B水平方向做匀速直线运动，竖直方向做匀加速直线运动，则合运动为匀加速曲线运动.11.如图所示，A是长直密绕通电螺线管.小线圈B与电流表连接，并沿A的轴线Ox从O 点自左向右匀速穿过螺线管A.能正确反映通过电流表中电流I随x变化规律的是答案：C解析：通电螺线管产生稳定的磁场，磁场特征为：两极附近最强且不均匀，管内场强近似匀强.当小线圈穿越两极时，因磁场做均匀，故穿过小线圈的磁通量发生变化，产生感应电流，且因磁场的变化方向不同，故在小线圈中感应方向相反的电流，小线圈在螺线管内部运动时，因穿越区域的磁场强度不变，小线圈中没有感应电流产生.故C项正确.12.在场强大小为E的匀强电场中，一质量为m、带电量为+q的物体以某一初速沿电场反方向做匀减速直线运动，其加速度大小为0.8qE /m ，物体运动S 距离时速度变为零.则A.物体克服电场力做功qESB.物体的电势能减少了0.8qESC.物体的电势能增加了qESD.物体的动能减少了0.8qES 答案：ACD解析：根据物体在匀强电场中运动时，机械能与电势能的转化关系可知A CD 正确. 13.A 、B 两列波在某时刻的波形如图所示，经过t =T A 时间（T A 为波A 的周期），两波再次出现如图波形，则两波的波速之比v A ∶v B 可能是A.1∶3B.1∶2C.2∶1D.3∶1答案：ABC解析：由图可得λA =34a ，λB =32a ，则B A λλ=12.经t =T A 时间，两图中波形依旧，故可知T A =（n +1）T B （n =0，1，2，……） 据v A =AAT λ；v B =BBT λ则有B A v v =)1(2+n （n =0，1，2，……） 故ABC 选项符合题意. 三、（32分）实验题.14.（6分）部分电磁波的大致波长范围如图所示.若要利用缝宽与手指宽度相当的缝获得明显的衍射现象，可选用________波段的电磁波，其原因是___________________________.答案：微波 要产生明显的衍射现象，波长应与缝的尺寸相当. 解析：略15.（6分）一同学用下图装置研究一定质量气体的压强与体积的关系.实验过程中温度保持不变.最初，U 形管两臂中的水银面齐平，烧瓶中无水.当用注射器往烧瓶中注入水时，U 形管两臂中的水银面出现高度差.实验的部分数据记录在下表.（1）根据表中数据，在下图中画出该实验的h 1/V 关系图线.（2）实验时，大气压强p0=________cmHg.答案：（1）如下图所示（2）75.0 cmHg（74.5 cmHg～75.5 cmHg）解析：略16.（6分）一根长为1 m的均匀电阻丝需与一“10 V 5 W”的灯同时工作，电源电压恒为100 V.电阻丝阻值R=100 Ω（其阻值不随温度变化）.现利用分压电路从电阻丝上获取电能，使灯正常工作.（1）在下面方框中完成所需电路；（2）电路中电流表的量程应选择________（选填：“0～0.6 A”或“0～3 A”）；（3）灯正常工作时，与其并联的电阻丝长度为________m.（计算时保留小数点后二位）答案：（1）（2）0～3 A（3）0.17（或10553）解析：（1）略（2）因干路电流I >0.5 A ，故选量程0～3 A 的电流表. （3）据R 灯=PU 2灯=20 Ω设与灯并联段电阻为R x ，长度为L x ， 则有灯灯R U +xR U 灯=)(x R R U U --总灯即2010+x R 10=xR -10090 得R x 2+100R x －2 000=0解得R x =2100560- Ω. 据电阻丝电阻值与长度的线性关系L L x =总R R x 即L x =总R R x L =10553- m ≈0.17 m.17.（7分）两实验小组使用相同规格的元件，按右图电路进行测量.他们将滑动变阻器的滑片P 分别置于a 、b 、c 、d 、e 五个间距相同的位置（a 、e 为滑动变阻器的两个端点），把相应的电流表示数记录在表一、表二中.对比两组数据，发现电流表示数的变化趋势不同.经检查，发现其中一个实验组使用的滑动变阻器发生断路.表一（第一实验组）（1）滑动变阻器发生断路的是第________实验组；断路发生在滑动变阻器________段. （2）表二中，对应滑片P 在X （d 、e 之间的某一点）处的电流表示数的可能值为 A.0.16 A B.0.26 A C.0.36 A D.0.46 A 答案：（1）二 d ～e 段 （2）D 解析：（1）根据表一、二中的数据变化情况，可知表一符合并联电路的电阻、电流变化规律，而表二中数据反映电路的电阻在点d 之前总是增大，故可判断断路发生在第二组，且在d ～e 之间的某点.（2）断路在d ～e 之间的某点，则滑片P 可能接触在断点上方，也可能接触在断点下方，如图所示.当P 点接触在断点上方时，电流应介于0.84 A ～0.42 A 之间.故D 项可能. 当P 点接触在断点下方时，设a 、b 间电阻为R . 则根据I a =RU=0.84 A ① I b =R R U+=0.42 A②求出R =R 0 则由规律I =04R R U +=05R U=0.168 A故实际电流应在0.21 A ～0.168 A 间，所以ABC 均不可能.18.（7分）科学探究活动通常包括以下环节：提出问题，作出假设，制定计划，搜集证据，评估交流等.一组同学研究“运动物体所受空气阻力与运动速度关系”的探究过程如下：A.有同学认为：运动物体所受空气阻力可能与其运动速度有关B.他们计划利用一些“小纸杯”作为研究对象，用超声测距仪等仪器测量“小纸杯”在空中直线下落时的下落距离、速度随时间变化的规律，以验证假设C.在相同的实验条件下，同学们首先测量了单只“小纸杯”在空中下落过程中不同时刻的下落距离，将数据填入表中，图（a ）是对应的位移—时间图线.然后将不同数量的“小纸杯”叠放在一起从空中下落，分别测出它们的速度—时间图线，如图（b ）中图线1、2、3、4、5所示D.同学们对实验数据进行分析、归纳后，证实了他们的假设 回答下列提问：（1）与上述过程中A 、C 步骤相应的科学探究环节分别是________、________.（2）图（a ）中的AB 段反映了运动物体在做________运动，表中X 处的值为________. （3）图（b ）中各条图线具有共同特点，“小纸杯”在下落的开始阶段做__________运动，最后“小纸杯”做__________运动.（4）比较图（b ）中的图线1和5，指出在1.0～1.5 s 时间段内，速度随时间变化关系的差异：________________________________________________________________________.图（a ） 图（b ） 答案：（1）作出假设 搜集证据 （2）匀速直线运动 1.937（3）加速度逐渐减小的加速 匀速（4）图线1反映速度不随时间变化（或图线1反映纸杯做匀速运动），图线5反映速度随时间继续增大（或图线5反映纸杯依然在做加速度减小的加速运动）.解析：略 四、（58分）计算题.本大题中第19题为分叉题，分A 类、B 类两题，考生可任选一题.若两题均做，一律按A 类题计分.A 类题（适合于使用一期课改教材的考生）19A.（10分）某滑板爱好者在离地h =1.8 m 高的平台上滑行，水平离开A 点后落在水平地面的B 点，其水平位移s 1=3 m.着地时由于存在能量损失，着地后速度变为v =4 m/s ，并以此为初速沿水平地面滑s 2=8 m 后停止 .已知人与滑板的总质量m =60 kg.求：（1）人与滑板在水平地面滑行时受到的平均阻力大小；（2）人与滑板离开平台时的水平初速度.（空气阻力忽略不计，g 取10 m/s 2）答案：（1）60 N （2）5 m/s 解析：（1）设滑板在水平地面滑行时受到的平均阻力为f ，根据动能定理有 －fs 2=0－21mv 2①由①式解得f =222s mv =824602⨯⨯ N=60 N.②（2）人和滑板一起在空中做平抛运动，设初速为v 0，飞行时间为t ，根据平抛运动规律有 t =gh 2 ③v 0=ts 1④由③④两式解得v 0=gh s 21=108.123⨯ m/s=5 m/s. ⑤B 类题（适合于使用二期课改教材的考生）19B.（10分）如图所示，某人乘雪橇从雪坡经A 点滑至B 点，接着沿水平路面滑至C 点停止.人与雪橇的总质量为70 kg.表中记录了沿坡滑下过程中的有关数据，请根据图表中的数据解决下列问题：（2）设人与雪橇在BC 段所受阻力恒定，求阻力大小.（g =10 m/s 2） 答案：（1）9 100 J （2）－140 N 解析：（1）从A 到B 的过程中，人与雪橇损失的机械能为ΔE =mgh +21mv A 2－21mv B 2 ΔE =（70×10×20+21×70×2.02－21×70×12.02） J=9 100 J.（2）人与雪橇在BC 段做减速运动的加速度 a =t v v B C -=410120-- m/s=－2 m/s根据牛顿第二定律f =ma =70×（－2） N=－140 N.20.（10分）如图所示，带正电小球质量为m =1×10－2 kg 、带电量为q =1×10－6 C ，置于光滑绝缘水平面上的A 点.当空间存在着斜向上的匀强电场时，该小球从静止开始始终沿水平面做匀加速直线运动，当运动到B 点时，测得其速度v B =1.5 m/s ，此时小球的位移为s =0.15 m.求此匀强电场场强E 的取值范围.（g =10 m/s 2）某同学求解如下：设电场方向与水平面之间夹角为θ，由动能定理qEs cos θ=21mv B 2－0得E =θcos 22qs mv B =θcos 00.75V/m.由题可知θ>0，所以当E >7.5×104 V/m 时小球将始终沿水平面做匀加速直线运动.经检查，计算无误.该同学所得结论是否有不完善之处？若有请予以补充. 答案：7.5×104 V/m<E ≤1.25×105 V/m 解析：该同学所得结论有不完善之处.为使小球始终沿水平面运动，电场力在竖直方向的分力必须小于等于重力 qE sin θ≤m g所以tan θ≤smv mgB22=22B v sg =25.21015.02⨯⨯=34E ≤θsin q mg =541011010162⨯⨯⨯⨯-- V/m=1.25×105 V/m即7.5×104 V/m<E ≤1.25×105 V/m.21.（10分）内壁光滑的导热气缸竖直浸放在盛有冰水混合物的水槽中，用不计质量的活塞封闭压强为1.0×105 Pa 、体积为2.0×10－3 m 3的理想气体.现在活塞上方缓缓倒上沙子，使封闭气体的体积变为原来的一半，然后将气缸移出水槽，缓慢加热，使气体温度变为127 ℃.（1）求气缸内气体的最终体积；（2）在p －V 图上画出整个过程中气缸内气体的状态变化.（大气压强为1.0×105 Pa ）答案：（1）1.47×10－3 m 3 （2）如图解析：（1）在活塞上方倒沙的过程中温度保持不变 p 0V 0=p 1V 1①由①式解得p 1=10V V p 0=33100.1100.2--⨯⨯×1.0×105 Pa=2.0×105 Pa 在缓慢加热到127 ℃的过程中压强保持不变01T V =22T V 由③式解得V 2=02T T V 1=273127273+×1.0×10－3 m 3≈1.47×10－3 m 3. （2）略22.（14分）如图所示，处于匀强磁场中的两根足够长、电阻不计的平行金属导轨相距1 m ，导轨平面与水平面成θ=37°角，下端连接阻值为R 的电阻.匀强磁场方向与导轨平面垂直.质量为0.2 kg 、电阻不计的金属棒放在两导轨上，棒与导轨垂直并保持良好接触，它们之间的动摩擦因数为0.25.（1）求金属棒沿导轨由静止开始下滑时的加速度大小；（2）当金属棒下滑速度达到稳定时，电阻R 消耗的功率为8 W ，求该速度的大小； （3）在上问中，若R =2 Ω，金属棒中的电流方向由a 到b ，求磁感应强度的大小与方向.（g =10 m/s 2，sin37°=0.6，cos37°=0.8）答案：（1）4 m/s 2 （2）10 m/s （3）0.4 T 方向垂直导轨平面向上 解析：（1）金属棒开始下落的初速为零，根据牛顿第二定律 mg sin θ－μmg cos θ=ma ① 由①式解得a =10×（0.6－0.25×0.8） m/s 2=4 m/s 2. ②（2）设金属棒运动达到稳定时，速度为v ，所受安培力为F ，棒在沿导轨方向受力平衡 mg sin θ－μmg cos θ－F =0 ③ 此时金属棒克服安培力做功的功率等于电路中电阻R 消耗的电功率 Fv =P ④ 由③④两式解得v =F P=)8.025.06.0(102.08⨯-⨯⨯ m/s=10 m/s. ⑤ （3）设电路中电流为I ，两导轨间金属棒的长为l ，磁场的磁感应强度为BI =R vBl⑥ P =I 2R⑦由⑥⑦两式解得B =vlPR =11028⨯⨯ T=0.4 T ⑧ 磁场方向垂直导轨平面向上.23.（14分）一水平放置的圆盘绕竖直固定轴转动，在圆盘上沿半径开有一条宽度为2 mm 的均匀狭缝.将激光器与传感器上下对准，使二者间连线与转轴平行，分别置于圆盘的上下两侧，且可以同步地沿圆盘半径方向匀速移动，激光器连续向下发射激光束.在圆盘转动过程中，当狭缝经过激光器与传感器之间时，传感器接收到一个激光信号，并将其输入计算机，经处理后画出相应图线.图（a ）为该装置示意图，图（b ）为所接收的光信号随时间变化的图线，横坐标表示时间，纵坐标表示接收到的激光信号强度，图中Δt 1=1.0×10－3 s ，Δt 2=0.8×10－3 s.图（a ） 图（b ）（1）利用图（b ）中的数据求1 s 时圆盘转动的角速度； （2）说明激光器和传感器沿半径移动的方向； （3）求图（b ）中第三个激光信号的宽度Δt 3. 答案：（1）7.85 rad/s（2）激光器和探测器沿半径由中心向边缘移动.（3）0.67×10－3 s 解析：（1）由图线读得，转盘的转动周期T =0.8 s 角速度ω=T π2=8.028.6 rad/s=7.85 rad/s.（2）由于脉冲宽度在逐渐变窄，表明光信号能通过狭缝的时间逐渐减少，即圆盘上的对应探测器所在位置的线速度逐渐增加，因此激光器和探测器沿半径由中心向边缘移动.（3）设狭缝宽度为d ，探测器接收到第i 个脉冲时距转轴的距离为r i ，第i 个脉冲的宽度为Δt i ，激光器和探测器沿半径的运动速度为v .Δt i =ir dπ2T r 3－r 2=r 2－r 1=vT r 2－r 1=π2dT （21t ∆－11t ∆） r 3－r 2=π2dT （31t ∆－21t ∆） 由以上各式解得Δt 3=21212t t t t ∆-∆∆∆=3333108.0101.02108.0100.1----⨯-⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯ s ≈0.67×10－3s.。
2005年高考试题——文综(上海卷)
绝密★启用前2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）综合能力测试（文科使用）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
全卷共12页，满分为150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（共54分）考生注意1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在试卷和答题卡上都用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。
2．第Ⅰ卷（1—18小题）为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
一、2005年4月，温家宝总理访问印度。
期间公布了中印全面经济合作的五年规划，确立了双方在经贸领域的奋斗目标。
1．中印经济合作又被称为“世界工厂”与“世界办公窒”的结合。
联系右图分析，相对于印度，中国的优势产业是（）A．畜牧业B．制造业C．服务业D．种植业2．右为“中印双边贸易额及其发展趋势”图。
促进中印贸易不断发展的因素是（）①两国优势产品在国际市场份额相近②两国产品有着非常强的互补性③两国之间市场开放程度逐渐提高④两国的政体及经济体制相同A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④3．中、印两国同属发展中国家，进出口商品结构相近，在国际贸易领域存在一定竞争，但加强经济合作将会给两国带来更大的利益。
为了实现“双赢”的目标，中国政府主张，双方应和平共处，互利合作（）A．结为联盟B．科技创新C．共同发展D．开放市场二、2005年3月，本市一名仅19个月的女婴，在食用果冻时不幸被果冻噎住，导致脑缺氧而死。
此事引发社会各界对小杯果冻食用安全的高度重视。
4．阅读有关报道，可得出的结论是（）1997年11月，昆明一名幼儿因吸食果冻，窒息死亡。
2000年1月，江苏省灌云县伊山乡一名周岁男孩因果冻卡住气管致死。
2000年3月，大连市一名8个月大的幼儿在被喂食果冻时，窒息死亡。
2005年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试(上海卷)
2005年高考物理试题上海卷一．(20分)填空题．本大题共5小题，每小题4分．答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程．本大题中第l、2、3小题为分叉题。
分A、B两类，考生可任选一类答题．若两类试题均做。
一律按A类题计分．A类题(适合于使用一期课改教材的考生)1A．通电直导线A与圆形通电导线环B固定放置在同一水平面上，通有如图所示的电流时，通电直导线A受到水平向＿＿＿的安培力作用．当A、B中电流大小保持不变，但同时改变方向时，通电直导线A所受到的安培力方向水平向＿＿＿＿．、S2发出的波的波峰位置，2A．如图所示，实线表示两个相干波源S则图中的＿＿＿＿＿点为振动加强的位置，图中的＿＿＿＿＿点为振动减弱的位置．3A．对“落体运动快慢”、“力与物体运动关系”等问题，亚里士多德和伽利略存在着不同的观点．请完成下表：B类题(适合于使用二期课改教材的考生)2B．正弦交流电是由闭合线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动产生的．线圈中感应电动势随时间变化的规律如图所示，则此感应电动势的有效值为＿＿＿＿V，频率为＿＿＿＿Hz．3B．阴极射线是从阴极射线管的阴极发出的高速运动的粒子流，这些微观粒子是＿＿＿＿＿．若在如图所示的阴极射线管中部加上垂直于纸面向里的磁场，阴极射线将＿＿＿＿＿(填“向上”“向下”“向里”“向外”)偏转．公共题(全体考生必做) B类题(适合于使用二期课改教材的考生)4．如图，带电量为+q 的点电荷与均匀带电薄板相距为2d ，点电荷到带电薄板的垂线通过板的几何中心．若图中a 点处的电场强度为零，根据对称性，带电薄板在图中b 点处产生的电场强度大小为＿＿＿＿＿＿，方向＿＿＿＿＿＿．(静电力恒量为k) 5．右图中图线①表示某电池组的输出电压一电流关系，图线②表示其输出功率一电流关系．该电池组的内阻为＿＿＿＿＿Ω．当电池组的输出功率为120W 时，电池组的输出电压是＿＿＿＿＿V ．二．(40分)选择题．本大题共8小题，每小题5分．每小题给出的四个答案中，至少有一个是正确的．把正确答案全选出来，并将正确答案前面的字母填写在题后的方括号内．每一小题全选对的得5分；选对但不全，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得O 分．填写在方括号外的字母，不作为选出的答案． 6．2005年被联合国定为“世界物理年”，以表彰爱因斯坦对科学的贡献．爱因斯坦对物理学的贡献有(A)创立“相对论”． (B)发现“X 射线”．(C)提出“光子说”．(D)建立“原子核式模型”．7．卢瑟福通过实验首次实现了原子核的人工转变，核反应方程为4141712781He N O H +→+，下列说法中正确的是(A)通过此实验发现了质子． (B)实验中利用了放射源放出的γ射线． (C)实验中利用了放射源放出的α射线． (D)原子核在人工转变过程中，电荷数可能不守恒．8．对如图所示的皮带传动装置，下列说法中正确的是(A)A 轮带动B 轮沿逆时针方向旋转． (B)B 轮带动A 轮沿逆时针方向旋转． (C)C 轮带动D 轮沿顺时针方向旋转． (D)D 轮带动C 轮沿顺时针方向旋转．9．如图所示，A 、B 分别为单摆做简谐振动时摆球的不同位置．其中，位置A 为摆球摆动的最高位置，虚线为过悬点的竖直线．以摆球最低位置为重力势能零点，则摆球在摆动过程中(A)位于B 处时动能最大．(B)位于A 处时势能最大．(C)在位置A 的势能大于在位置B 的动能． (D)在位置B 的机械能大于在位置A 的机械能．10．如图所示的塔吊臂上有一可以沿水平方向运动的小车A ，小车下装有吊着物体B 的吊钩．在小车A 与物体B 以相同的水平速度沿吊臂方向匀速运动的同时，吊钩将物体B 向上吊起，A 、B 之间的距离以22d H r =- (SI)(SI 表示国际单位制，式中H 为吊臂离地面的高度)规律变化，则物体做(A)速度大小不变的曲线运动． (B)速度大小增加的曲线运动． (C)加速度大小方向均不变的曲线运动． (D)加速度大小方向均变化的曲线运动．11．如图所示，A 是长直密绕通电螺线管．小线圈B 与电流表连接，并沿A 的轴线OX 从D点自左向右匀速穿过螺线管A ．能正确反映通过电流表中电流，随工变化规律的是12．在场强大小为E 的匀强电场中，一质量为m 、带电量为q 的物体以某一初速沿电场反方向做匀减速直线运动，其加速度大小为0.8qE/m ，物体运动S 距离时速度变为零．则 (A)物体克服电场力做功qES (B)物体的电势能减少了0.8qES (C)物体的电势能增加了qES (D)物体的动能减少了0.8qES13．A 、B 两列波在某时刻的波形如图所示，经过t ＝T A 时间(T A 为波A 的周期)，两波再次出现如图波形，则两波的波速之比VA ：VB 可能是 (A)1：3 (B)1：2 (C)2：1(D)3：1三．(32分)实验题．14．(6分)部分电磁波的大致波长范围如图所示．若要利用缝宽与手指宽度相当的缝获得明显的衍射现象，可选用___________波段的电磁波，其原因是＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
2005年上海高考语文题目及答案
2005上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试语文试卷考生注意：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或签字笔将姓名、准考证号等填写清楚。
2.所有试题的答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
答题时应注意试题题号和答题纸题号一一对应，不能错位。
3.本试卷共6页。
满分150分。
考试时间150分钟。
一、(80分)(一) 阅读下文，完成第1—6题。
(19分)现在，我们来谈谈京剧的明天．京剧有没有明天呢?当然有。
但是京剧又如同一个人一样，人是有生老病死的，京剧作为一种艺术形式，它不可能不受到时代的影响，它也有一个高潮、低潮，盛兴、衰落，它也要分阶段．比如说唐诗，京剧跟唐诗在很多方面相像，盛唐时候唐诗代表者有李白、杜甫，后来人称“大李杜”。
到了晚唐的时候，唐诗的代表者有李商隐、杜牧，后来人称“小李杜”，不是说李商隐、杜牧个人的才华就比不上李白、杜甫，但是可惜他们生活写作的那个时代是在晚唐，而不是像李白、杜甫他们生活写作于盛唐，所以李商隐、杜牧的诗作委婉细腻，或许还有一些雕琢，是晚唐时代的唐诗，总体成就不如盛唐。
我们回到京剧上来，梅兰芳是京剧什么阶段的代表人物呢?显然是盛唐阶段．当然，京剧盛唐阶段的佼佼者，不止他一位了。
他自成一派的“梅派”唱腔具有醇厚流丽的特点，他精通音律，除了继承传统的唱腔外，还编创了大量新颖的，独具个性的唱腔，这些唱腔多年来深受欢迎，广为流传。
他一生排演、创作过大约400出大小剧目，其中《贵妃醉酒》、《霸王别姬》、《宇宙锋》、《奇双会》等代表作品充分体现了他的艺术风格．他是一位难得的戏曲演员，卓绝的京剧大师．以他为代表的中国戏曲表演艺术与俄国斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基、德国布莱希特的戏剧艺术，被并称为“世界三大戏剧表演体系”，中国京剧也因他走向了世界．虽然梅兰芳已经去世，但他的精神还活在我们心中。
他的艺术是活着的。
梅兰芳之后这四十多年间，经过“文革”、经过什么等等，现在进入21世纪了，那么不妨说京剧的盛唐阶段过去了，但是京剧还会有新的高潮，还会出现佼佼者。
2005年高考上海英语试题答案
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）1．A．A waiter. B．A shop assistant. C．A cashier. D．A postman. 2．A．Weight lifting. B．Running.C．Eating cucumbers. D．Drinking diet coke. 3．A．Work with his friends.B．Call on his friends.C．Go for a walk D．Make a phone call. 4．A．In a bookstore . B．In a reading room.C．In a furniture store D．In the man’s study. 5．A．8. B．12. C．20. D．32.6．A．Job hunting.B．An online course.C．Earlier graduation.D．Summer vacation plans. 7．A．Confused. B．Sympathetic. C．Embarrassed. D．Uninterested. 8．A．The air is fresh. B．It’s hot inside.C．The window is open.D．It’s noisy outside. 9．A．Phone later.B．Try harder.C．Wait for a signal.D．Check the number.10．A．He lost his way. B．He received a traffic ticket.C．He worked very carefully.D．He drove in heavy traffic.11．A．Open the cage window. B．Put the cash in the drawer.C．Check the savings accounts. D．Examine the audio system12．A．Exciting. B．Demanding. C．Boring. D．Relaxing.13．A．It has flexible working hours. B．The speaker can have more leisure time.C．It requires more organization. D．The speaker can daydream while working. 14．A．A natural disaster.B．A power failure.C．Homeless farmers. D．A serious accident. 15．A．Jews and some Arabs. B．Arabs and North Africans.C．Jews and North Africans. D．North Americans and some Arabs. 16．A．Exchange them for banks . B．Save them for travelers.25．John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School the beginning of March.A．on B．for C．with D．at26．No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of .A．others B．the other C．either D．another27．There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A．mustn’t B．shan’C．shouldn’t D．needn’t28．At a rough estimate .Nigeria is Great Britain.A．three times the size as B．the size three times ofC．three times as the size of D．three times the size of29．There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ?A．wasn’t there B．was there C．didn’t it D．did it30．More than a dozen students in that school abroad to study medicine last year.A．sent B．were sent C．had sent D．had been sent 31．Professor Smith ,along with his assistants , on the project day and night to meet the deadline .A．work B．working C．is working D．are working32．He got well-prep ared for the job interview ,for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost33． into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A．Put B．Putting C．Having put D．Being put34．He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it .A．where B．when C．that D．until35．It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports stars.A．had B．having C．to have D．have36．More and more people are signing up for Yogn classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A．Taking B．Taken C．having taken D．having been taken 37．At last ,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.A．Sitting B．having sat C．to sit D．sat38． in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A．What is required B．What requires C．It is required D．It requires39．Never before in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A．has this city been B．this city has been C．was this city D．this city was40．If a shop has chairs women can park their men ,women will spend more time in the shop.A．that B．which C．when D．where41．There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we gave up .A．eventually B．unfortunately C．generously D．purposefully42．The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stores.A．join B．attract C．stick D．transfer43．He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others.A．Temper B．Appearance C．talent D．character44．At times ,worrying is a normal, response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident , for example.A．effective B．individual C．inevitable D．unfavorable(A)Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home ?Probably so , 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners .You take special pains when you are eating 46 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 47 table manners had become a habit for you ?You can make them a habit by 48 good table manners at home.Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 .This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are .You 51 that keeping your arms on the table ,talking with your 52 full ,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners .You know also that if you are mannerly ,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you.Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being 53 to good table manners ? Notonly are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable ,but they aid digestion .The dinner table is a 54 forenjoyable conversation. It should never become a battleground. You are definitely growing insocial maturity（成熟）when you try to be an agreeable table companion.45．A．because B．but C．unless D．though46．A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 47．A．such B．no C．some D．good48．A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 49．A．comfortable B．stressed C．depressed D．outstanding 50．A．dishes B．manners C．atmospheres D．friends 51．A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 52．A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl53．A．essential B．considerate C．obvious D．unusual54．A．time B．place C．chance D．way(B)There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity . Many artists.55 would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. 56 , in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly 57 .Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets ,but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired （给……以灵感）by the work of contemporary painters .Of the musical compositions that were considered as 58 to the visual arts ,perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death ,at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. 59 their friendship had not been a particularly long-fasting one .Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 60 death.The following year the critic .Vladimir. Stasov who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work,suggested that Mussorgsky try to 61 his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as 62 rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition .Between each is a promenade（舞曲中的行进）, 63 the composer walks from one painting to another .The music is sometimes witty and playful sometimes almost alarming and frightening . Through a range of surprising 64 .Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work.55．A．therefore B．however C．moreover D．otherwise56．A．For example B．On the contrary C．In general D．On the other hand 57．A．separate B．unknown C．close D．relevant58．A．links B．additions C．responses D．keys59．A．Before B．Though C．As D．If60．A．unavoidable B．undiscovered C．unnecessary D．unexpected 61．A．control B．relieve C．conceal D．represent 62．A．symbols B．imaginations C．contributions D．subjects63．A．but B．for C．once D．as64．A．paintings B．topics C．contrasts D．visions(A)You either have it , or you don’t –a sense of direction ,that is .But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map ,while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction ,but it is not property understood how it works .One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harderat developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use it. we lose it .“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around.” says Jim Martland .Research Director of the p roject . “However if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car ,they never develop the skills”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction .He makes the following suggestions.●If you are using a map ,turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.●If you leave your bike in a strange place ,put it near something like a big stone or a tree. Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike .When you return ,go back along the same route●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams ,or walls in the countryside to guide you .Count your steps so that you know howfar you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help tofind out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!65．Scientists believe that .A．some babies are born with a sense of directionB．people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC．people never lose their sense of directionD．everybody posses a sense of direction from birth66．What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A．They never have a sense of direction without maps.B．They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction.C．They have a sense of direction and can find their way around.D．They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.67．If you leave your bike in a strange place ,you should .A．tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolenB．draw a map of the route to help remember where it isC．avoid taking the same route when you come back in itD．remember something easily recognizable on the route68．According to the passage the best way to find your way around is to .A．ask policemen for directionsB．use walls . streams , and streets to guide yourself .C．remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs .D．count the number of landmarks that you see .B “Come in . Kim . Have a seat , please .” said Bill Williams , the manager . This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment . After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory“Kim,” began Bill Williams . “I am very pleased with the quality of y our work . I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work . My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions .”“But.” Replied Kim. “I have always completed every assignment you have given me . Mr. Willi ams.”“I know that , Kim . And please, call me Bill .But what I expect is for you to thinkindependently and introduce new ideas . I need more input from you —more feedback on how things are going I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think . You just smile as though everything is fine .”“But,” said Kim,” “ I feel that since you are my superior , it would he presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do .To make suggest ions .I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me .”“Yes . I see I’m not accustomed to this , but I will try to do as you say …, Bill”“Good, then , I expect to hear more from you at s taff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me .”“Yes , of course . Thank you Mr. Will…Bill .”69．Kim is the sort of employee who .A．does not speak out his own ideas B．is not devoted to the jobC．laughs too much over work D．can not finish his work on time70．The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “” .A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet71．From the passage ,we can learn that .A．Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetingsB．the manager appreciates those who just do what he tells them to doC．the manager is pleased with Kim’s hard work and his suggestionsD．Kim is likely to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessmentA cross the world , 11 billion people have no access to clean drinking water . More than2.6 bullion people lack basic sanitation (卫生设备) .The combination proves deadly . Each year . diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 3 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world . Safe thinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate , inequality between men and women, and poverty .Consider these facts :●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers .●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet .●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases .Here are three ways you can help :1) Write CongressCurrent U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen . Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters , about clean drinking water abroad .2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organizationMany U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad . Simply put , a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe watera reality for thousands of people .3) Support nonprofit water organizationsNumerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related of drinking water and sanitation . Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows , some organizations are large , others small-scale , some operate worldwide , others are devoted to certain areas in Africa , Asia , or Latin America . Support them generously .72．The three facts presented in the passage the used to illustrate that .A．poverty can result in water-borne diseasesB．people have no access to clean drinking waterC．women’s rights are denied in s ome developing countries .D．safe drinking water should be a primary concern73．The intended readers of the passage are _____________.A．Americans B．overseas sponsors C．Congressmen D．U.S-based water organizations 74．The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ___________.A．get rid of water-related diseases in developing countriesB．donate money to people short of water through religious groupsC．fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problemD．take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations75．What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A．A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.B．A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.C．Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.D．A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.D Equipped only with a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinc h(红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches(雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest.” Stephen Moss said in his newly published book－A Bird in the Bush a Social History of Birdwatching－which records the pursuit from the rich V ictorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend . Last summer ,BBC 2’sBritain Goes Wild was a surprise success .It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera-a golden –winged songbird from North America－to be seen in Britain. He put a message our on the network service Birdline, and the next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the fell pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.“Multimillion-pound spending on, binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”76．The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “”.A．affected B．shared C．satisfied D．narrowed77．What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network?A．Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.B．Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.C．Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.D．Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird.78．Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?A．Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching.B．The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.C．Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers.D．The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment. 79．The passage mainly tells us about ___________ in UK.A．the history of birdwatchig B．a growing passion for birdwatchingC．the impact of media on birdwatching D．birdwatcing as a popular expensive sport 1．我希望尽快收到你的照片。
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海卷综
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）综合能力测试（文科使用）第Ⅰ卷五、北京时间2005年1月18日3时16分，中国南极内陆冰盖昆仑科考队成功抵达南极内陆冰盖的最高点：这是人类首次到达南极内陆冰盖的最高点（海拔4093米）。
请读图并完成下列各题。
13、下列南极科学考察的4个地点中，全年不出现极昼极夜现象的是（）A 极点（南纬90°）B 南极冰盖最高点（约南纬80°）C 冰点（约南纬78°）D 磁点（约南纬65°14、对南极内陆冰盖最高点的叙述，正确的是（）①位置会移动②高度会变化③南极大陆的最高点④冰盖下有世界最大的铜矿A ①③B ②④C ①②D ③④15、南极冰盖最高点位于极点的正北方向。
判断依据是（）。
A 方向标B 海陆位置C 经线D 上北下南，左西右东16、南极洲和北冰洋都地处高纬度地区，但南极洲比北冰洋更冷。
下列说明错误的是（）。
A 南极洲热容量比北冰洋小B 南极洲地势比北冰洋高C 南极洲阴雨天比北冰洋多D 南极洲冰层厚，对太阳辐射的反射比北冰洋强17、下列对南极洲的叙述，正确的是（）。
①夜空会有极光出现②七大洲中面积最大的大洲③七大洲中跨纬度最多的大洲④有煤、铁等多种矿产资源A ①②B ②③C ③④D ①④18、当前，全球资源紧缺，环境污染日趋严重。
为了尽可能保持南极这片净土，人类在南极地区的合理活动应该是（）。
A 停止在南极洲的一切活动B 进行适宜的科学考察C 对各种资源进行实验性开采D 对各种资源进行商业性开发第Ⅱ卷（共96分）六、（本大题共14分）2005年2月，国家正式颁布实施《2004~2010年全国红色旅游发展规划纲要》就发展红色旅游的总体思路和主要措施作出了明确规定。
七、（本大题共15分）桥是路的衔接和延伸，是人类智慧的结晶和体现。
桥蕴含着美丽动人的神话，记载了叱咤风云的历史。
她跨鸿沟，越天堑，逄山通道，凌波飞虹。
26、古往今来，人们建造了各式各样的桥梁。
2005年高考上海英语试题及答案
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷I．Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A ,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers .At the end of each conversation ,a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ,read the four possible answers on your paper ,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．A．A waiter. B．A shop assistant. C．A cashier. D．A postman. 2．A．Weight lifting. B．Running.C．Eating cucumbers. D．Drinking diet coke.3．A．Work with his friends. B．Call on his friends.C．Go for a walk . D．Make a phone call.4．A．In a bookstore . B．In a reading room.C．In a furniture store. D．In the man’s study.5．A．8. B．12. C．20. D．32.6．A．Job hunting. B．An online course.C．Earlier graduation. D．Summer vacation plans. 7．A．Confused. B．Sympathetic. C．Embarrassed. D．Uninterested. 8．A．The air is fresh. B．It’s hot inside.C．The window is open. D．It’s noisy outside.9．A．Phone later. B．Try harder. C．Wait for a signal. D．Check the number. 10．A．He lost his way. B．He received a traffic ticket.C．He worked very carefully. D．He drove in heavy traffic.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages . The passages will be read twice ,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question .read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．Open the cage window. B．Put the cash in the drawer.C．Check the savings accounts. D．Examine the audio system 12．A．Exciting. B．Demanding. C．Boring. D．Relaxing. 13．A．It has flexible working hours. B．The speaker can have more leisure time.C．It requires more organization. D．The speaker can daydream while working. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14．A．A natural disaster. B．A power failure.C．Homeless farmers. D．A serious accident.15．A．Jews and some Arabs. B．Arabs and North Africans.C．Jews and North Africans. D．North Americans and some Arabs.16．A．Exchange them for banks . B．Save them for travelers.C．Collect them for poor children . D．Spend them on duty-free goods.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C. you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice .After you hear each conversation ,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form ,Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form ,Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II．Grammar and V ocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School the beginning of March.A．on B．for C．with D．at26．No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of .A．others B．the other C．either D．another27．There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A．mustn’t B．shan’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t28．At a rough estimate .Nigeria is Great Britain.A．three times the size as B．the size three times ofC．three times as the size of D．three times the size of29．There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ?A．wasn’t there B．was there C．didn’t it D．did it30．More than a dozen students in that school abroad to study medicine last year.A．sent B．were sent C．had sent D．had been sent 31．Professor Smith ,along with his assistants , on the project day and night to meet the deadline .A．work B．working C．is working D．are working 32．He got well-prepared for the job interview ,for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost33．into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A．Put B．Putting C．Having put D．Being put34．He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it .A．where B．when C．that D．until35．It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports stars.A．had B．having C．to have D．have36．More and more people are signing up for Yogn classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A．taking B．taken C．having taken D．having been taken 37．At last ,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.A．sitting B．having sat C．to sit D．sat38．in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A．What is required B．What requires C．It is required D．It requires 39．Never before in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A．has this city been B．this city has beenC．was this city D．this city was40．If a shop has chairs women can park their men ,women will spend more time in theshop.A．that B．which C．when D．where41．There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we gave up .A．eventually B．unfortunately C．generously D．purposefully 42．The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stores.A．join B．attract C．stick D．transfer43．He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others.A．temper B．appearance C．talent D．character44．At times ,worrying is a normal, response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident , for example.A．effective B．individual C．inevitable D．unfavorable III．ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home ?Probably so , 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners .You take special pains when you are eating 46 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 47 table manners had become a habit for you ?You can make them a habit by 48 good table manners at home.Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 .This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are .You 51 that keeping your arms on the table ,talking with your 52 full ,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners .You know also that if you are mannerly ,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you.Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being 53 to good table manners ? Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable ,but they aid digestion .The dinner table is a 54 for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battleground. You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try to be an agreeable table companion.45．A．because B．but C．unless D．though46．A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 47．A．such B．no C．some D．good 48．A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 49．A．comfortable B．stressed C．depressed D．outstanding 50．A．dishes B．manners C．atmospheres D．friends 51．A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 52．A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl 53．A．essential B．considerate C．obvious D．unusual 54．A．time B．place C．chance D．way(B)There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity . Many artists.55 would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. 56 , in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly 57 .Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets ,but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired （给……以灵感）by the work of contemporary painters .Of the musical compositions that were considered as 58 to the visual arts ,perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death ,at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. 59 their friendship had not been a particularly long-fasting one .Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 60 death.The following year the critic .Vladimir. Stasov who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work,suggested tha t Mussorgsky try to 61 his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as 62 rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition .Between each is a promenade（舞曲中的行进）, 63 the composer walks from one painting to another .The music is sometimes witty and playful sometimes almost alarming and frightening . Through a range of surprising 64 .Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work.55．A．therefore B．however C．moreover D．otherwise 56．A．For example B．On the contrary C．In general D．On the other hand 57．A．separate B．unknown C．close D．relevant 58．A．links B．additions C．responses D．keys 59．A．Before B．Though C．As D．If 60．A．unavoidable B．undiscovered C．unnecessary D．unexpected 61．A．control B．relieve C．conceal D．represent 62．A．symbols B．imaginations C．contributions D．subjects 63．A．but B．for C．once D．as 64．A．paintings B．topics C．contrasts D．visions IV．Reading Comprehension(A)You either have it , or you don’t –a sense of direction ,that is .But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map ,while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction ,but it is not property understood how it works .One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use it. we lose it .“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around.” says Jim Martland .Research Director of the project . “However if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car ,the y never develop the skills”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction .He makes the following suggestions.●I f you are using a map ,turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.●I f you leave your bike in a strange place ,put it near something like a big stone or a tree.Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike .When you return ,go backalong the same route●Simpli fy the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town,streams ,or walls in the countryside to guide you .Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!65．Scientists believe that .A．some babies are born with a sense of directionB．people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC．people never lose their sense of directionD．everybody posses a sense of direction from birth66．What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A．They never have a sense of direction without maps.B．They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction.C．They have a sense of direction and can find their way around.D．They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.67．If you leave your bike in a strange place ,you should .A．tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolenB．draw a map of the route to help remember where it isC．avoid taking the same route when you come back in itD．remember something easily recognizable on the route68．According to the passage the best way to find your way around is to .A．ask policemen for directionsB．use walls . streams , and streets to guide yourself .C．remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs .D．count the number of landmarks that you see .B“Come in . Kim . Have a seat , please .” said Bill Williams , the manager . This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment . After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory“Kim,” began Bill Williams . “I am very pleased with the quality of your work . I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work . My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions .”“But.” Replied Kim. “I have always completed every assignment you have given me . Mr. Williams.”“I know that , Kim . And please, call me Bill .But what I expect is for you t o think independently and introduce new ideas . I need more input from you —more feedback on how things are going I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think . You just smile as though everything is fine .”“But,” said Kim,” “ I feel that si nce you are my superior , it would he presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do .To make suggestions . I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are notcommunicating your thoughts to me .”“Yes . I see I’m not accustomed to this , but I will try to do as you say …, Bill”“Good, then , I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me .”“Yes , of course . Thank you Mr. Will…Bill .”69．Kim is the sort of employee who .A．does not speak out his own ideas B．is not devoted to the jobC．laughs too much over work D．can not finish his work on time70．The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “” .A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet71．From the passage ,we can learn that .A．Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetingsB．the manager appreciates those who just do what he tells them to doC．the manager is pleased with Kim’s hard work and his suggestionsD．Kim is likely to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessmentCcross the world , 11 billion people have no access to clean drinking water . More than2.6 bullion people lack basic sanitation (卫生设备) .The combination proves deadly . Each year . diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 3 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world . Safe thinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate , inequality between men and women, and poverty .Consider these facts :●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers .●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet .●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases .Here are three ways you can help :1) Write CongressCurrent U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen . Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters , about clean drinking water abroad .2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organizationMany U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad . Simply put , a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water areality for thousands of people .3) Support nonprofit water organizationsNumerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related of drinking water and sanitation . Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows , some organizations are large , others small-scale , some operate worldwide , others are devoted to certain areas in Africa , Asia , or Latin America . Support them generously .72．The three facts presented in the passage the used to illustrate that .A．poverty can result in water-borne diseasesB．people have no access to clean drinking waterC．women’s rights are denied in some developing countries .D．safe drinking water should be a primary concern73．The intended readers of the passage are _____________.A．Americans B．overseas sponsorsC．Congressmen D．U.S-based water organizations74．The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ___________.A．get rid of water-related diseases in developing countriesB．donate money to people short of water through religious groupsC．fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problemD．take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations75．What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A．A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.B．A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.C．Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.D．A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.DEquipped only with a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinc h(红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches(雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone wit h only a casual interest.” Stephen Moss said in his newly published book－A Bird in the Bush a Social History of Birdwatching－which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend . Last summer ,BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success .It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera-a golden –winged songbird from North America－to be seen in Britain. He put a message our on the network service Birdline, andthe next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the fell pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.“Multimillion -pound spending on, binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”76．The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “ ”. A ．affected B ．shared C ．satisfied D ．narrowed77．What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network? A ．Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent. B ．Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird. C ．Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details. D ．Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird. 78．Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage? A ．Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching. B ．The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching. C ．Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers. D ．The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment. 79．The passage mainly tells us about ___________ in UK. A ．the history of birdwatchig B ．a growing passion for birdwatching C ．the impact of media on birdwatching D ．birdwatcing as a popular expensive sportEDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each80Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for t he various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands. 81 The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, maning “increase” The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centu ries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short82Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, furniture,83An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot I and continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce84re sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）1．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我希望尽快收到你的照片。
2005年高考上海卷语文试题与答案
2005年高考上海卷语文试题与答案一80分（一）阅读下文，完成第1-5题。
（18分）①民间剪纸是劳动人民为了满足自身精神生活的需要而创造，并广为流传的一种艺术样式，它生存于劳动者浓厚的生活土壤中，体现了人类艺术最基本的审美观念和精神品质，具有鲜明的艺术特色和生活情趣。
②从技法上讲，剪纸就是在纸上镂空剪刻，使其呈现出所要表现的形象，劳动群众凭借自己的聪明才智，在长期的艺术实践和生活实践中，将这一艺术形式锤炼得日超完善。
形成了以剪刻，、镂空为主的多种技法，如撕纸、烧烫、拼色、衬色、染色、色描等，使剪纸的表现力具备无限的深度和广度，其线条细如春蚕吐丝，粗如大笔挥抹，不同的花式可粘贴摆衬，亦可悬空吊挂，由于剪纸的工具简便，材料普及，技法易于掌握，有着其他艺术门类不可替代的特性，因而这一艺术形式从古到今，几乎遍及我国的城镇乡村，深得人民群众的喜爱。
③中国的剪纸起源于汉，至南北朝时期已相当精熟，然而真正繁盛起来，却是在清代中期以后，这是由于近代中国城市的崛起。
古老的剪纸多在乡间，以剪子铰出为主，趣味质朴，都是出自农家妇女之手，剪纸进入城市后，不仅市民情趣和生活理想要渗入其中，而且千家万户聚居在一起，相效成习，所需颇巨，剪纸艺人为了省工，弃剪用刀，一刀多张，雕镂更加细致，风格转向精巧，艺人也就不止于妇女了。
这些民间艺术家创作的目的在于建立自己的理想世界，在于为生活创造美好的形象，他们各自有着不同的经历和人生的艰辛，但对于世界都寄予了满腔的热情，民间剪纸中，很少出现伤痕和眼泪，体现着民间艺术家对生活充满了信心和对理想的追求，由单福剪纸组成的窗口图案，常见的题材有“言祥喜庆”、“五谷丰登”、“贵花祥鸟”等，也有的表现戏曲故事或传统故事，还有一些表现动物、神仙、花卉等与节庆有关的内容，它们虚实相生、简练鲜明，具有强烈的装饰性，然而，随着时代更迭、生活改变和审美转化，传统民间艺术渐渐不能适应现代需要。
比如旧式窗格金，使有“窗越”（越过窗格的窗花）与“气眼”（窗户糊纸时留一孔，贴此窗花以便透气）等品种。
2005高考化学上海卷
2005 高考化学上海卷相对原子质量： H：1 C：12 N：14第 I 卷（共 66 分）O：16 Na：23 Al：27S：32Ca：40Fe：56一、选择题（本题共 10 分），每小题 2 分，只有一个正确选项，答案涂写在答题纸上。
1．下列化学名词正确的是A 三溴笨酚 B 烧碱 C 乙酸乙脂 D 石碳酸2．有关化学用语正确的是A 乙烯的最简式 C2H4B 乙醇的结构简式 C2H6OC 四氯化碳的电子式D 臭氧的分子式 O33．据报道，科学家已成功合成了少量 N4，有关 N4 的说法正确的是A N4 是 N2 的同素异形体B N4 是 N2 的同分异构体C 相同质量的 N4 和 N2 所含原子个数比为 1︰2 D N4 的摩尔质量是 56g4．下列金属冶炼的反应原理，错误的是A 2NaCl(熔融) 2Na＋Cl2↑ B MgO＋H2 Mg＋H2O C Fe3O4＋4CO 3Fe＋4CO2 D 2HgO 2Hg＋O2↑ 5．以下命题，违抗化学变化规律的是A 石墨制成金刚石 B 煤加氢变成人造石油C 水变成汽油D 干冰转化成原子晶体二、选择题（本题共 36 分），每小题 3 分，只有一个正确选项，答案涂写在答题纸上。
6．设阿伏加德常数为 NA。
则下列说法正确的是 A 常温常压下，11.2L 甲烷中含有的氢原子数为 2NA B 标准状况下，0.3mol 二氧化硫中含有氧原子数为 0.3NA C 常温下，2.7g 铝与足量的盐酸反应，失去的电子数为 0.3NA D 常温下，1L 0.1mol/L MgCl2 溶液中含 Mg2＋数为 0.2NA 7．已知三角锥形分子 E 和直线形分子 G 反应，生成两种直线形分子 L 和 M(组成 E、 G、L、M 分子的元素原子序数均小于 10)如下图，则下列判定错误的是＋＋EGLMA G 是最爽朗的非金属单质B L 是极性分子C E 能使紫色石蕊试液变蓝色 D M 化学性质爽朗8．浓硫酸和 2mol/L 的稀硫酸，在实验室中敞口放置。
2005年高考英语试题·上海卷（附答案）
2005年高考英语试题·上海卷（附答案）2005年高考英语试题·上海卷（附答案）2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语招生试题上海卷本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—12页）第Ⅱ卷（第13页）两部分。
全卷共13页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ第卷（共105分）考生注意：1. 答第I卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。
卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。
2. 第I卷（1-16小题，28-84小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分，第I卷中的第17-24小题和第17-24II卷的试题，其答案写在答题纸上，如写在试卷上则无效。
I. Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversations, a question will be asked about what said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about is, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A waiter B. A shop assistantC. A cashierD. A postman2. A. Weight lifting B. RunningC. Eating cucumbersD. Drinking diet coke3. A. Work with his friends B. Call on his friendsC. Go for a walkD. Make a phone call4. A. In a bookstore B. In a reading roomC. In a furniture storeD. In the man’s study5. A. 8 B. 12 C. 20 D. 326. A. Job hunting B. An online courseC. Earlier graduationD. Summer vacation plans7. A. Confused B. SympatheticC. EmbarrassedD. Uninterested8. A. The air is fresh. B. It’s hot inside.C. The window is open.D. It’s noisy ou tside.9. A. Phone later. B. Try harder.C. Wait for the signal.D. Check the number.10. A. He lost his way. B. He received a traffic ticket.C. He worked very carefully.D. He drove in heavy traffic.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Open the cage window B. Put the cash in the drawer.C. Check the savings accountsD. Examine the audio system.12. A. Exciting B. DemandingC. BoringD. Relaxing13. A. It has flexible working hours.B. The speaker can have more leisure time.C. It requires more organization.D. The speaker can daydream while working.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. A natural disaster. B. A power failure.C. Homeless farmers.D. A serious accident.15. A. Jews and some Arabs. B. Arabs and North Africans.C. Jews and North AfricansD. North Americans and some Arabs.16. A. Exchange them for banks B. Save them for travelers.C. Collect them for poor children.D. Spend them on duty-free goods.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversationRegent Conference CentreReservationsContact name: Joanne____17_______Purpose of reservation: A(n) ___18____ conferenceNumber of people:___45___maximumDate: 28th____19______Total to pay: ￡____20_____Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.What will the first robot do during the operation?__21__the materials.Who will be called in when a robot breaks down?A __22__How long will the robots work a day?__23__ a day.What will happen to the workers if robots are used?They will probably be __24__.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.！2009年6月英语四级作文范文(沪江新东方版)2009职称英语理工A类考试试题参考答案海天：2009年1月考研英语小作文范文【沪江网校】2010年12月四级答案完整版网络首发：2009年考研英语真题答案2009职称英语理工C类参考答案新东方：王江涛2009年考研英语作文真题及范文Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices maker A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School ______ the beginning of March.A. onB. forC. withD. at26. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of_________.A. othersB. the otherC. eitherD. another27. There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t28. A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain.A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of29. There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ______?A. wasn’t thereB. was thereC. didn’t itD. did it30. More than a dozen students in that school _______ around to study medicine last year.A. sentB. were sentC. had sentD. had been sent31. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.A. workB. workingC. is workingD. are working32. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _______ the good opportunity.A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost33. ______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put34. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _______ it was the best time for it.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. until35. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports stars.A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have36. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _______ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A. takingB. takenC. having takenbsp;&nD. having been taken37. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _______ down to eat our picnic lunch.A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat38. _________ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires39. Never before _______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was40. If a shop has chairs________ women can park their men , women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where41. There was such long queue for coffee at the interval that we ________ gave up.A. eventuallyB. unfortunatelyC. generouslyD. purposefully42. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to ________ new customers to its stores.A. joinB. attractC. stickD. transfer43. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD.character44. At times, worrying is a normal, ________ response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident, for example.A. effectiveB. individualC. inevitableD. unfavorableⅢ. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your o wn home? Probably so, __45__ you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. You take special pains when you are eating __46__. Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if __47__ table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by __48__ good table manners at home.Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel __49__. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good __50__ make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this timN:e you probably know quite well what good table manners are. You __51__ that keeping your arms on the table, talking with your__52__ full, and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners. You know also that if you are mannerly, you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you.Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being __53__ to good table manners? Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable, but they aid digestion. The dinner table is a __54__ for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battleground. You are definitely growing in social maturity (成熟) when you try to be an agreeable table companion.45. A. because B. but auseC. unless D. though46. A. in public B. at home C. at ease D. ina hurry47. A. such B. no C. some D. good48. A. acting B. enjoying C. practising D. watching49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding50. A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D.friends51. A. mention B. prefer C. doubt D. realize52. A. stomach B. hands C. mouth D. bowl53. A. essential B. considerate C. obvious D. unusual54. A. time B. place C. chance D. way(B)There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, __55__ would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. __56__, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly __57__. Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired (给…以灵感) by the work of contemporary painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as __58__ to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death, at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. __59__ their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one,Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s __60__ death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to __61__ his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as __62___ rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade (舞曲中的行进), __63___ the composer walks from one painting to another. The music is sometimes witty ant playful, sometimes almost alarming and frightening. Through a range of surprising __64__, Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work.55. A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. otherwise56. A. For example B. On the contrary C. In general D. On the other hand57. A. separate B. unknown C. close D. relevant58. A. links B. additions C. responses D. keys59. A. Before B. Though C. As D. If60. A. unavoidable B. undiscovered C. unnecessary D. unexpected61. A. control B. relieve C. conceal D. represent62. A. symbols B. imaginations C. contributions D. subjects63. A. but B. for C. once D. as64. A. paintings B. topics C. contrasts D. visionsⅣ. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statement. For eapt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-heighch of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that first best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You either have it, or you don’t—a sense of direction, that is. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map, while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is thatpeople with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use is, we lose it.“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, Research Dire ctor of the project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills. ”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:●If you are using a map, turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.●If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree. Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike. When you return, go back along the same route.●Simplify the way of finding youINDENT:r direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!65. Scientists believe that_______.A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC. people never lose their sense of directionD. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A. They never have a sense of direction without mapsB. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of directionC. They have a sense of direction and can find their way aroundD. They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.67. If you leave your bike in a strange place, you should ________.A. tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolenB. draw a map of the route to help remember where it isC. avoid taking the same route when you come back to itD. remember something easily recognizable on the route68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.A. ask policemen for directions.B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourselfC. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairsD. count the number of landmarks that you see(B)“Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please,” said Bill Williams, the manager. “this was Kim’s first experience with an assessment. After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory.“Kim,” began Bill Williams, “I am very pleased with the quality of your work. I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work. My only concern is that youe: exac are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions. ”“But,” replied Kim, “I have always comp leted every assignment you have given me. Mr. Williams. ”“I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. I need more input from you—more feedback on how things are going.I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think. You just smile as though everything is fine. ”“But,” said Kim, “I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do. ”“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do. To make suggestions, I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to NT-SIZE: 10.5pt; me. ”“Yes. I see. I’m not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say…Bill. ”“Good, then, I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me. ”“Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will…Bill. ”69. Kim is the sort of employee who_______.A. does not speak out his own ideasB. is not devoted to the jobC. laughs too much over workD. can not finish hiswork on time70. The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “_____”.A. full of respectB. too confident and rudeC. lacking in experienceD. too shy and quiet(C)Across the world, 1. 1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2. 5 billion people lack basic sanitation. (Across the worldily: 卫生设备)The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.Consider these facts:●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water. , and only___37___percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.Here are three ways you can help:1) Write CongressCurrent U. S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organizationMany U. S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put a single project by a U. S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.3) Support nonprofit water organizationsNumerous U. S. -based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows: some organizations are large, other small-scale, some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.72. The three facts presented in the passage are used toillustrate that ______.A. poverty can result in water-borne diseasesB. people have no access to clean drinking waterC. women’s rights are denied in some developing countries<=/o:p>D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern73. The intended readers of the passage are ______.A. AmericansB. overseas sponsorsC. CongressmenD. U. S. -based water organizations74. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ______.A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countriesB. donate money to people short of water through religious groupsC. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problemD. take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations75. What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.B. A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.C. Some ways to get financial aids from U. S. Congress.D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.(D)Equipped only with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜Equipped only wNT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinch(红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird, are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches (雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest,” St ephen Moss said in his newly published book—A Bird in the Bush: a Social History of Birdwatching—which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend. Last summer, BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success. It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera—a golden-winged songbird from North America—to be seen in Britain. He put a message out on the network service Birdline, and next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the full pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to www. birdline. co. uk or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.“Multimillion-pound spending on binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine, “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment. ”76. The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “_______”.A. affectedB. sharedC. satisfiedD. narrowed77. What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network?A. Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.B. Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.C. Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.D. Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird.78. Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?A. Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching.B. The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.C. Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers.D. The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment.79. The passage mainly tells us about ______ in UK.A. the history of birdwatchingB. a growing passion for birdwatchingC. the impact of media on birdwatchingD. birdwatching as a popular expensive sport(E)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Directions: Read the followingA. Goods for auction salesB. Definition of biddingC. Way to sell more goods by auctionD. Auction sales in historyE. Brief introduction to auctionsF. Making a larger profit as an auctioneer80. ________Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands.81. ________The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auction, meaning 273.“increasing”. The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.82. ________Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property. Furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art.83. ________ARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: 105.0pt 189.0pt 273.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.84. ________The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competieretors to bid against each other.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）Ⅰ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using EXT-ALIGN: justifythe words given in the brackets.1. 我希望尽快收到你的照片。
2005年高考上海英语试题及答案
绝密★启用前2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分.满分150分．考试用时120分钟．第Ⅰ卷（共105分）考生注意：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。
2．第Ⅰ卷（1—16小题，25—84小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
第Ⅰ卷中的第17—24小题和第Ⅱ卷的试题，其答案写在答题纸上，如写在试卷上则无效。
I．Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A ,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers .At the end of each conversation ,a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ,read the four possible answers on your paper ,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．A waiter. B．A shop assistant. C．A cashier. D． A postman.2．A．Weight lifting. B．Running.C．Eating cucumbers. D．Drinking diet coke.3．A．Work with his friends. B．Call on his friends.C．Go for a walk . D．Make a phone call.4．A．In a bookstore . B．In a reading room.C．In a furniture store. D．In the man’s study. 5．A．8. B．12. C．20. D．32.6．A．Job hunting. B．An online course.C．Earlier graduation. D．Summer vacation plans.7．A．Confused. B．Sympathetic. C．Embarrassed. D．Uninterested. 8．A．The air is fresh. B．It’s hot inside.C．The window is open. D．It’s noisy outside.9．A．Phone later. B．Try harder. C．Wait for a signal. D．Check the number.10．A．He lost his way. B．He received a traffic ticket.C．He worked very carefully. D．He drove in heavy traffic.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages . The passages will be read twice ,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question .read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．Open the cage window. B．Put the cash in the drawer.C．Check the savings accounts. D．Examine the audio system 12．A．Exciting. B．Demanding. C．Boring. D．Relaxing. 13．A．It has flexible working hours. B．The speaker can have more leisure time.C．It requires more organization. D．The speaker can daydream while working. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14．A．A natural disaster. B．A power failure.C．Homeless farmers. D．A serious accident.15．A．Jews and some Arabs. B．Arabs and North Africans.C．Jews and North Africans. D．North Americans and some Arabs. 16．A．Exchange them for banks . B．Save them for travelers.C．Collect them for poor children . D．Spend them on duty-free goods.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C. you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice .After you hear each conversation ,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form ,Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form ,Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II．Grammar and VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices markedA,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School the beginning of March.A．on B．for C．with D．at26．No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditionsof .A．others B．the other C．either D．another27．There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiceda lot in the driving school.A．mustn’t B．shan’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t28．At a rough estimate .Nigeria is Great Britain.A．three times the size as B．the size three times ofC．three times as the size of D．three times the size of29．There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ?A．wasn’t there B．was there C．didn’t it D．did it30．More than a dozen students in that school abroad to study medicine last year.A．sent B．were sent C．had sent D．had been sent 31．Professor Smith ,along with his assistants , on the project day and night to meet the deadline .A．work B．working C．is working D．are working32．He got well-prepared for the job interview ,for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost33． into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A．Put B．Putting C．Having put D．Being put34．He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time forit .A．where B．when C．that D．until35．It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at thesports stars.A．had B．having C．to have D．have36．More and more people are signing up for Yogn classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A．taking B．taken C．having taken D．having been taken 37．At last ,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.A．sitting B．having sat C．to sit D．sat38． in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A．What is required B．What requires C．It is requiredD．It requires39．Never before in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A．has this city been B．this city has beenC．was this city D．this city was40．If a shop has chairs women can park their men ,women will spend more time in the shop.A．that B．which C．when D．where41．There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we gave up .A．eventually B．unfortunately C．generously D．purposefully42．The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers toits stores.A．join B．attract C．stick D．transfer43．He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others.A．temper B．appearance C．talent D．character44．At times ,worrying is a normal, response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident , for example.A．effective B．individual C．inevitable D．unfavorableIII．ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home orin a restaurant than they are at your own home ?Probably so , 45 you are awarethat people judge you by your table manners .You take special pains when you are eating 46 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 47 table manners had become a habit for you ?Youcan make them a habit by 48 good table manners at home.Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 .Thisis true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are .You 51that keeping your arms on the table ,talking with your 52 full ,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners .You know also that if you are mannerly ,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you.Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being 53 to good table manners ? Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable ,but they aid digestion .The dinner table is a 54 for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battleground. You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try tobe an agreeable table companion.45．A．because B．but C．unless D．though46．A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 47．A．such B．no C．some D．good48．A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 49．A．comfortable B．stressed C．depressed D．outstanding 50．A．dishes B．manners C．atmospheres D．friends 51．A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 52．A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl53．A．essential B．considerate C．obvious D．unusual54．A．time B．place C．chance D．way(B)There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity . Many artists. 55 would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. 56 , in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly 57 .Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets ,but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired （给……以灵感）by the work of contemporary painters .Of the musical compositions that were considered as 58 to the visual arts ,perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death ,at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. 59 their friendship had not been a particularly long-fasting one .Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 60 death.The following year the critic .Vladimir. Stasov who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartman n’s work,suggested that Mussorgsky try to 61 his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that makeup Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as 62 rather than representationsof the paintings in the exhibition .Between each is a promenade（舞曲中的行进）, 63 the composer walks from one painting to another .The music is sometimes witty and playful sometimes almost alarming and frightening . Through a range of surprising 64 .Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work. 55．A．therefore B．however C．moreover D．otherwise56．A．For example B．On the contrary C．In general D．On the other hand57．A．separate B．unknown C．close D．relevant58．A．links B．additions C．responses D．keys59．A．Before B．Though C．As D．If60．A．unavoidable B．undiscovered C．unnecessary D．unexpected 61．A．control B．relieve C．conceal D．represent 62．A．symbols B．imaginations C．contributions D．subjects 63．A．but B．for C．once D．as 64．A．paintings B．topics C．contrasts D．visions IV．Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages . Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements .For each or them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You either have it , or you don’t –a sense of direction ,that is .But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map ,while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction ,but it is not property understood how it works .One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use it. we lose it .“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around.” says Jim Martland .Research Director of the project . “However if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car ,they never develop the skills”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction .He makes the following suggestions.●If you are using a map ,turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.●If you leave your bike in a strange place ,put it near something like a big stone or a tree.Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike .When you return ,go backalong the same route●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets ina town,streams ,or walls in the countryside to guide you .Count your steps so that you know howfar you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help tofind out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!65．Scientists believe that .A．some babies are born with a sense of directionB．people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC．people never lose their sense of directionD．everybody posses a sense of direction from birth66．What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A．They never have a sense of direction without maps.B．They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction.C．They have a sense of direction and can find their way around.D．They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.67．If you leave your bike in a strange place ,you should .A．tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolenB．draw a map of the route to help remember where it isC．avoid taking the same route when you come back in itD．remember something easily recognizable on the route68．According to the passage the best way to find your way around is to .A．ask policemen for directionsB．use walls . streams , and streets to guide yourself .C．remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs .D．count the number of landmarks that you see .B“Come in . Kim . Have a seat , please .” said Bill Williams , the manager . This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment . After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory“Kim,” began Bill Williams . “I am very pleased with the quality of your work . I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work . My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions .”“But.” Replied Kim. “I have always completed every assignment you have given me . Mr. Williams.”“I know that , Kim . And please, call me Bill .But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas . I need more input from you —more feedback on how things are going I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think . You ju st smile as though everything is fine .”“But,” said Kim,” “ I feel that since you are my superior , it would he presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do .To make suggestions . I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me .”“Yes . I see I’m not accustomed to this , but I will try to do as you say …, Bill”“Good, then , I expect to hear more from you at staff mee tings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me .”“Yes , of course . Thank you Mr. Will…Bill .”69．Kim is the sort of employee who .A．does not speak out his own ideas B．is not devoted to the jobC．laughs too much over work D．can not finish his work on time 70．The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaningto “” .A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet71．From the passage ,we can learn that .A．Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetingsB．the manager appreciates those who just do what he tells them to doC．the manager is pleased with Kim’s hard work and his suggestionsD．Kim is likely to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessmentAcross the world , 11 billion people have no access to clean drinking water . More than2.6 bullion people lack basic sanitation (卫生设备) .The combination proves deadly . Each year . diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 3 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world . Safe thinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate , inequality between men and women, and poverty .Consider these facts :●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is6 kilometers .●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water,and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet .●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases .Here are three ways you can help :1) Write CongressCurrent U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen . Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters , about clean drinking water abroad .2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organizationMany U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad . Simply put , a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people .3) Support nonprofit water organizationsNumerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related of drinking water and sanitation . Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows , some organizations are large , others small-scale , some operate worldwide , others are devoted to certain areas in Africa , Asia , or Latin America . Support them generously .72．The three facts presented in the passage the used to illustrate that .A．poverty can result in water-borne diseasesB．people have no access to clean drinking waterC．women’s rights are denied in some developing countries .D．safe drinking water should be a primary concern73．The intended readers of the passage are _____________.A．Americans B．overseas sponsorsC．Congressmen D．U.S-based water organizations 74．The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ___________.A．get rid of water-related diseases in developing countriesB．donate money to people short of water through religious groupsC．fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problemD．take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations 75．What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A．A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.B．A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.C．Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.D．A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.DEquipped only with a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinc h(红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches(雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest.” Stephen Mos s said in his newly published book－A Bird in the Bush a Social History of Birdwatching－which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend . Last summer ,BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success .It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwa tchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera-a golden –winged songbird from North America－to be seen in Britain. He put a message our on the network service Birdline, and the next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the fell pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.“Multimillion-pound spending on, binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine “The number of people involve d is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”76．The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “”.A．affected B．shared C．satisfied D．narrowed77．What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network?A．Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.B．Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.C．Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.D．Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird. 78．Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?A．Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching.B．The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.C．Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers.D．The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment.79．The passage mainly tells us about ___________ in UK.A．the history of birdwatchig B．a growing passion for birdwatching C．the impact of media on birdwatching D．birdwatcing as a popular expensive sportEDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.80Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourag es buyers to bid higher figures,and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands.81The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, maning “increase” The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.82Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art.83An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot I and continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.84The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）1．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．我希望尽快收到你的照片。
2005高考试题——理综(上海卷)
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）综合能力测试试卷（理科使用）本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分．全卷共12页，满分为150分．考试时间为120分钟．第I卷（共54分）考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必在试卷和答题卡上都用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。
2．第I卷（1—18小题）为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
一、大自然及其法则在黑夜中隐藏/上帝说：“派牛顿去吧！”/于是，一切豁然开朗。
——蒲柏（18世纪英国诗人）1．下列词语所隐含的物理现象，可用牛顿理论中力的概念和规律来解释的是（）①滴水穿石②铁杵成针③水中望月④逆风扬帆⑤光阴飞逝A．①②③B．③④⑤C．①②④D．①③⑤2．如何评价牛顿？某综合网站做了一次调查。
其中，84%的人认为牛顿理论是经曲物理学的核心；53%的人认为牛顿思想方法的影响远远超出了物理学和天文学；42%的人认为牛顿理论给自己的学习带来了麻烦；23%的人认为牛顿理论已经过时。
若用图形来表示上述调查结果，比较合理的是（）A．柱状图B．饼形图C．折线图D．面积图3．牛顿说：“我不知道世人怎样看我，但在我自己看来，我不过像是一个在海边玩耍的小孩，为不时发现比寻常更光滑的一块石子或比寻常更美丽的贝壳而沾沾自喜，却对展现在我面前的浩瀚的真理海洋全然没有发现。
”他还说：“如果说我看得更远的话，那是因为我站在巨人肩上的缘故；”这两段话都反映了（）①牛顿谦虚的态度②牛顿对科学的执著精神③牛顿能客观地认识事物④牛顿理论的局限性A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④二、在探索微观世界的过程中、科学家们常通过建立假说模型来把握物质的结构及特点，不断拓展认识的新领域。
2005年高考.上海卷.文科数学试题精析详解
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学（上海文史类）试题精析详解一、填空题（4分⨯12=48分）1、函数)1(log )(4+=x x f 的反函数)(1x f -=__________.【思路点拨】本题考查了互为反函数的概念，只要根据求反函数的三步曲即可.【正确解答】4log (1)y x =+，41y x =+，得41yx =-（1x >-）.所求反函数为：1()41x f x -=-（x R ∈）.【解后反思】要会求一个函数的反函数，并注意定义域.2、方程4220x x+-=的解是__________.【思路点拨】本题考查了指数方程的求法，通过换元法求解.【正确解答】令2(0)x t t =>，原方程化为：220t t +-=，得1t =或2t =-（舍）.由此可得0x =.解法2：0120)22)(12(0224=⇒=⇒=+-⇒=-+x xx x x x【解后反思】用换元的方法时，注意定义域的变化，求出解后要进行验证，以免出错. 3、若y x ,满足条件⎩⎨⎧≤≤+x y y x 23，则y x z 43+=的最大值是__________. 【思路点拨】本题考查线性规划的基础知识，画出可行域，寻求目标函数的最大值.【正确解答】求y x z 43+=的最大值，即求y 轴上的截距最大值，由图可知，过点（1，2）时有最大值，为11【解后反思】线性规划是直线方程的应用，是新增的教学内容.要了解线性不等式表示的平面区域，了解线性规划的定义，会求在线性约束条件下的目标函数的最优解.4、直角坐标平面xoy 中，若定点)2,1(A 与动点),(y x P 满足4=•，则点P 的轨迹方程是__________.【思路点拨】本题考查了数量积的坐标表示，可根据其定义来解.【正确解答】设(,)P x y ，由数量积公式及4=•OA OP 知04242=-+⇒=+y x y x 为所求轨迹方程.【解后反思】一般地11(,)A x y ，22(,)B x y 则2121(,)AB x x y y =--，11221212(,)(,)OA OB x y x y x x y y •==+.5、函数x x x y cos sin 2cos +=的最小正周期T=__________.【思路点拨】本题考查二倍角公式等基础知识和变换能力，角的差异（由异角化同角）在同角的条件下，利用三角恒等式化成正弦函数，就可求出最小正周期.【正确解答】1cos 2sin cos cos 2sin 2)2y x x x x x x ϕ=+=+=+，得最小正周期为π【解后反思】三角函数的变换要注意变换的方向，消除差异，达到转化.6、若71cos =α，⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∈2,0πα，则⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+3cos πα=__________. 【思路点拨本题考查两个角和的余弦的求法.熟记公式结构，根据条件求出运用公式必需值，再考虑三角函数的符号.【正确解答】⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∈2,0πα，∴sin α== 11cos cos cos sin sin 33314πππααα⎛⎫+=-=- ⎪⎝⎭. 【解后反思】在三角函数的公式运用过程中取决于满足运用公式的条件，已知三角函数值求同角的其它三角函数值时必须注意符号，否则就无所谓解决三角函数问题.7、若椭圆长轴长与短轴长之比为2，它的一个焦点是()0,152，则椭圆的标准方程是__________.【思路点拨】本题考查椭圆的基础知识，数形的等价转换是解决此类型的关键.【正确解答】由题意可知，2ab =，c =又222a b c =+，解得2280,20a b ==， 所求椭圆的标准方程为2218020x y +=. 【解后反思】在求椭圆方程和研究性质时，要深刻理解确定椭圆的形状及大小的主要特征数，如a 、b 、c 、p 、e 的几何意义及它们的关系式，熟练运用这些公式解决有关问题..8、某班有50名学生，其中15人选修A 课程，另外35人选修B 课程.从班级中任选两名学生，他们是选修不同课程的学生的概率是__________.（结果用分数表示）【思路点拨】本题考查了等可能事件的概率的求法.可直接根据定义，找到基本事件数代入公式便得. 【正确解答】11153525037C C P C == 解法2：734915503549355015=⨯+⨯ 【解后反思】要了解等可能事件概率的定义，会用排列、组合的基本公式计算的一些等可能事件的概率.9、直线x y 21=关于直线1=x 对称的直线方程是__________. 【思路点拨】本题考查一条直线关于已知直线对称的直线方程，可取两个特殊点求出关于直线的对称点的坐标，再由两点式求出直线方程即可. 【正确解答】直线x y 21=上的点（0，0）关于1=x 对称的点是（2，0），且所求方程的斜率为－12，因此，直线x y 21=关于直线1=x 对称的直线方程是： 1(2)2y x =--，整理后得220x y +-=. 解法2设所求直线上任意点(,)P x y '''关于直线x=1对称点为(,)P x y 则22x x x x y y y y''+==-⎧⎧⇒⎨⎨''==⎩⎩∵12y x ''=∴1(2)2y x =-即x+2y-2=0 【解后反思】解法2是通法，要会求某一点关于一已知点成中心对称的坐标，和已知直线成轴对称的坐标.如点(,)P x y 关于点(,)M a b 对称的坐标为(2,2)P a x b y '--；，由点的可推广到曲线关于某一点的对称.如曲线(,)0f x y =关于点(,)M a b 对称的曲线为(2,2)0f a x b y --=，类似地，点(,)P x y 关于直线x m =对称的点的坐标为(2,)P a x y '-，曲线(,)0f x y =关于直线x m =对称的曲线为(2,)0f m x y -=.更一般地，利用定义可解决有关对称问题.10、在ABC ∆中，若︒=120A ，AB=5，BC=7，则AC=__________.【思路点拨】本题主要考查解斜三角形的相关知识和运算能力.可画出草图，设法求出AC.【正确解答】由余弦定理︒⨯⨯-+=120cos 2222AC BC AC BC AB解得8AC =-（舍）或AC=3，因此ABC ∆的面积4315120sin 21S =︒⨯⨯⨯=AC AB 【解后反思】要注意正、余弦定理的灵活运用.本题可视为关于AC 的方程，求出AC 的目的，在于求ABC ∆的面积，若利用正弦定理求AC 就较繁了.最优解总是我们追求的目标.11、函数[]π2,0|,sin |2sin )(∈+=x x x x f 的图象与直线k y =有且仅有两个不同的交点，则k 的取值范围是__________.【思路点拨】本题考查区间上的三角函数的图象和性质，考查数形结合的能力.可通过[]0,2π正弦值的符号写出分段函数，再通过数形结分析出k 的取值范围.【正确解答】3sin [0,]()sin 2|sin |sin (,2]x x f x x x x x πππ∈⎧=+=⎨-∈⎩，从图象可以看出于直线k y =有且仅有两个不同的交点时, 31<<k【解后反思】要熟悉含有绝对值的函数图象的作法.即由函数()y f x =的图象作出(),()y f x y f x ==的图象.12、有两个相同的直三棱柱，高为a2，底面三角形的三边长分别为)0(5,4,3>a a a a .用它们拼成一个三棱柱或四棱柱，在所有可能的情形中，全面积最小的是一个四棱柱，则a 的取值范围是__________.【思路点拨】借助棱柱的拼接的可能性考查学生的分析问题和解决问题的能力，而拼接中底面积不变是关键，只要考虑侧面积的可能情形中最小的一种图形即可.【正确解答】显然，直三棱柱底面为直角三角形，面积为26a ，每个侧面的面积分别为6，8，10，拼接后每个三棱柱或四棱柱底面积是相同的，只需要比较侧面积.拼接为三棱柱的可能的总侧面积为32或36，拼接为四棱柱后可能的总侧面积为28解法2：两个相同的直三棱柱并排放拼成一个三棱柱或四棱柱，有三种情况：四棱柱有一种，就是边长为a 5的边重合在一起，表面积为242a +28三棱柱有两种，边长为a 4的边重合在一起，表面积为242a +32边长为a 3的边重合在一起，表面积为242a +36两个相同的直三棱柱竖直放在一起，有一种情况表面积为122a +48最小的是一个四棱柱，这说明 201248122824222<⇒+<+a a a 3150<<⇒a 【解后反思】本题考查学生空间想象能力，逻辑思维能力和动手能力的实验题，具有开放性，不确定性等特点，是培养创新能力的好题，也是研究性学习成果的展示题.二、选择题（4分⨯4=16分）13、若函数121)(+=x x f ，则该函数在()+∞∞-,上是（ ） A ．单调递减无最小值 B ．单调递减有最小值C ．单调递增无最大值D ．单调递增有最大值【思路点拨】本题是考查复合函数性质，只要理清构成复合的各个函数的性质就不难解决.【正确解答】21x y =+为增函数，1y x =在(1,)+∞上是减函数，因此121)(+=x x f 是减函数，没有最大值和最小值，选A.【解后反思】函数的图象和性质是高考的一个重点，通过复合可考多个知识点，达到考一查多的功能，要注意复合函数的定义域的变化，教材中的练习题要理解，把握基础，发展能力.14、已知集合{}R x x x M ∈≤-=,2|1||，⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧∈≥+=Z x x x P ,115|，则P M 等于（ ）A ．{}Z x x x ∈≤<,30|B ．{}Z x x x ∈≤≤,30|C ．{}Z x x x ∈≤≤-,01|D ．{}Z x x x ∈<≤-,01|【思路点拨】本题是考查具有绝对值不等式的解法和集合的运算.【正确解答】{}R x x x M ∈≤≤-=,31|， {}Z x x x P ∈≤≤=,40| P M ={}Z x x x ∈≤≤,30|，选B【解后反思】可采用直接法化简各个集合并注意10x +>的隐含条件.在计算P 时，注意10x +>的提示作用.，如果去分母时忽视了10x +>，就会造成错误，而求交集时可用数轴标或文氏图求解.15、条件甲：“1a >”是条件乙：“a >”的（ ）A ．既不充分也不必要条件B ．充要条件C ．充分不必要条件D ．必要不充分条件【思路点拨】本题考查了充要条件的定义及其判定只要判断甲⇒乙和乙⇒甲的真假性，利用充要条件将条件乙进行化简是解决这类问题的关键.【正确解答】解法1：甲⇒乙：11a a >⇒>⇒>，乙⇒甲：1)0101a a >⇒>⇒><⇒>因此是充要条件，选B解法2：∵201a a a a a >⎧>⇔⇔>⎨>⎩，∴选B【解后反思】对命题的充要条件、必要条件可以从三个方面理解：①定义法，②等价法，即利用A B ⇒与B A ⌝⌝⇒，B A ⇒与A B ⌝⌝⇒的等价关系，对于条件或结论是否定式的命题一般采用等价法，③利用集合间的包含关系判断：若A B ⊆则A 是B 的充分条件或B 是A 必要条件；若A B =则A 是B 的充要条件，另外，对于确定条件的不充分性或不必要性往往用构造反例的方法来说明.16、用n 个不同的实数n a a a ,,,21 可得到!n 个不同的排列，每个排列为一行写成一个!n 行的数阵.对第i 行in i i a a a ,,,21 ，记in n i i i i na a a a b )1(32321-++-+-=，!,,3,2,1n i =.例如：用1，2，3可得数阵如图，由于此数阵中每一列各数之和都是12，所以，2412312212621-=⨯-⨯+-=+++b b b ，那么，在用1，2，3，4，5形成的数阵中，12021b b b +++ 等于（ ）A ．—3600B ．1800C ．—1080D ．—720【思路点拨】本题借助数阵考查学生的观察能力和运算能力，要抓住逐项特征：第一行的和相等，探索其规律，符号因子()1n -的处理是一难点.【正确解答】由题意可知，每一行的和为相等的12312312312312312312!11121312122232!1!2!3!1121!11222!212!1121!1(23(1))(23(1))(23(1))()2()(1)()(123(1))()n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n b b b a a a na a a a na a a a na a a a a a a n a a a n a a a +++=-+-++-+-+-++-++-+-++-=-+++++++++-+++=-+-++-+++=1111(1)(221(1)()()22n n n n n n n A n n n n n A n ----+⎧⨯⨯⎪⎪⎨-+⎪-⨯⨯⎪⎩为偶数）为奇数 5n =时，412120456310802b b b A ⨯+++=-⨯⨯=-. 解法2：在用1，2，3，4，5形成的数阵中，每一列各数之和都是360，1080360536043603360236012021-=⨯-⨯+⨯-⨯+-=+++b b b【解后反思】数学学习中的数感很重要，变化中不变的探索与发现是当今高考的一个方向，它是培养创新人才的一个重要载体，在学习中要留心，遇到此类问题时要细心品味.三、解答题（本大题满分86分）17、（本题满分12分）已知长方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，M 、N 分别是1BB 和BC 的中点，AB=4，AD=2，D B 1与平面ABCD 所成角的大小为︒60，求异面直线D B 1与MN 所成角的大小.（结果用反三角函数值表示）【思路点拨】本题考查直四棱柱的性质和异面直线所成角的求法，考查空间想象能力和运算能力，可根据定义找出异面直线所成角，转化到平面图形解决，而本题的图形结构，具有空间向量处理的特点，故还可利用空间向量的数量积来解决.【正确解答】联结B 1C,由M 、N 分别是BB 1和BC 的中点,得B 1C ∥MN,∴∠DB 1C 就是异面直线B 1D 与MN 所成的角.联结BD,在Rt △ABD 中,可得BD=25,又BB 1⊥平面ABCD,∠B 1DB 是B 1D 与平面ABCD 所成的角, ∴∠B 1DB=60°.在Rt △B 1BD 中, B 1B=BDtan60°=215,又DC ⊥平面BB 1C 1C, ∴DC ⊥B 1C,在Rt △DB 1C 中, tan ∠DB 1C=212121=+=BB BC DC C B DC ,∴∠DB 1C=arctan 21. 即异面直线B 1D 与MN 所成角的大小为arctan21. 【解后反思】求异面直线所成角的一般步骤是：①利用定义构造问题，可固定一条，平移另一条，或两条同时平移到某一特殊的位置，顶点选在特殊的位置上，②证明所作出的角（或补角）即为所的求角，③利用解三角形求角.异面范围是(0,]2π.若能建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量求异面直线所成的角的大小是十分快捷方便的.18、（本题满分12分）在复数范围内解方程ii i z z z +-=++23)(||2（i 为虚数单位）. 【思路点拨】本题考查共轭复数的模的概念和运算能力，可根据复数的代数形式进行处理. 【正确解答】原方程化简为i i z z z -=++1)(2,设z=x+yi(x 、y ∈R),代入上述方程得 x 2+y 2+2xi=1-i,∴x 2+y 2=1且2x=-1,解得x=-21且y=±23, ∴原方程的解是z=-21±23i. 【解后反思】近几年看，高考中常见与复数相关问题难度有下降的趋势，仅以中档题为主，侧重于复数的代数运算，而复数问题实数化的最佳形式是它的代数形式表示.19、（本题满分14分）已知函数b kx x f +=)(的图象与y x ,轴分别相交于点A 、B ，22+=（,分别是与y x ,轴正半轴同方向的单位向量），函数6)(2--=x x x g . （1）求b k ,的值；（2）当x 满足)()(x g x f >时，求函数)(1)(x f x g +的最小值. 【思路点拨】本题是以向量为背景，解析法为手段，考查解析思想的运用和处理函数性质的方法，考查运算能力和运用数学模型的能力.【正确解答】 (1)由已知得A(k b -,0),B(0,b),则AB ={k b ,b},于是kb =2,b=2. ∴k=1,b=2. (2)由f(x)> g(x),得x+2>x 2-x-6,即(x+2)(x-4)<0, 得-2<x<4,)(1)(x f x g +=252+--x x x =x+2+21+x -5 由于x+2>0,则)(1)(x f x g +≥-3,其中等号当且仅当x+2=1,即x=-1时成立 ∴)(1)(x f x g +的最小值是-3. 【解后反思】要熟悉在其函数的定义域内，常见模型函数求最值的常规方法.如1(0)y x x x=+≠型. 20、（本题满分14分）假设某市2004年新建住房面积400万平方米，其中有250万平方米是中低价房.预计在今后的若干年内，该市每年新建住房面积平均比上一年增长8%.另外，每年新建住房中，中低价房的面积均比上一年增加50万平方米.那么，到哪一年底，（1）该市历年所建中低价层的累计面积（以2004年为累计的第一年）将首次不少于4780万平方米？（2）当年建造的中低价房的面积占该年建造住房面积的比例首次大于85%？【正确解答】[解] (1)设中低价房面积形成数列{a n },由题意可知{a n }是等差数列,其中a 1=250,d=50,则S n =250n+502)1(⨯-n n =25n 2+225n, 令25n 2+225n≥4750,即n 2+9n-190≥0,而n 是正整数, ∴n≥10.到2013年底,该市历年所建中低价房的累计面积将首次不少于4750万平方米.(2)设新建住房面积形成数列{b n },由题意可知{b n }是等比数列,其中b 1=400,q=1.08,则b n =400·(1.08)n-1·0.85.由题意可知a n >0.85 b n ,有250+(n-1)·50>400·(1.08)n-1·0.85.由计箅器解得满足上述不等式的最小正整数n=6.到2009年底,当年建造的中低价房的面积占该年建造住房面积的比例首次大于85%.【解后反思】数学应用问题是近几年高考的热点之一，似乎是每年的必考题，平时要注意数学应用意识的培养，碰到这类问题时不要被繁琐的数据和冗长的文字说明所惧，应“取其精华”读通读懂题目，即解题的归宿应该在回答实际问题上.21、（本题满分16分）已知抛物线)0(22>=p px y 的焦点为F ，A 是抛物线上横坐标为4、且位于x 轴上方的点，A 到抛物线准线的距离等于5.过A 作AB 垂直于y 轴，垂足为B ，OB 的中点为M.（1）求抛物线方程；（2）过M 作FA MN ⊥，垂足为N ，求点N 的坐标；（3）以M 为圆心，MB 为半径作圆M ，当)0,(m K 是x 轴上一动点时，讨论直线AK 与圆M 的位置关系.【思路点拨】本题考查直线与抛物线、直线与圆的位置关系等基础知识，考查运用解析几何的方法分析问和解决问题的能力.第（1）（2）问是定量分析，难度不大，而解决（3）的常规方法之一就是利用点M 到直线AK 的距离d 与圆的半径比较为宜.【正确解答】 (1) 抛物线y 2=2px 的准线为x=-2p ,于是4+2p =5, ∴p=2. ∴抛物线方程为y 2=4x.(2)∵点A 是坐标是(4,4), 由题意得B(0,4),M(0,2),又∵F(1,0), ∴k FA =34;MN ⊥FA, ∴k MN =-43, 则FA 的方程为y=34(x-1),MN 的方程为y-2=-43x,解方程组得x=58,y=54, ∴N 的坐标(58,54). (1) 由题意得, ,圆M.的圆心是点(0,2), 半径为2,当m=4时, 直线AK 的方程为x=4,此时,直线AK 与圆M 相离.当m ≠4时, 直线AK 的方程为y=m-44(x-m),即为4x-(4-m)y-4m=0, 圆心M(0,2)到直线AK 的距离d=2)4(1682-++m m ,令d>2,解得m>1∴当m>1时, AK 与圆M 相离;当m=1时, AK 与圆M 相切;当m<1时, AK 与圆M 相交. 【解后反思】解答圆锥这部分试题需准确地把握数与形的语言转换能力，推理能力，本题计算量并不大，但步步等价转换的意识要准确无误.22、（本题满分18分）对定义域是f D 、g D 的函数)(x f y =、)(x g y =，规定：函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧∈∉∉∈∈∈=g f g f g f D x D x x g D x D x x f D x D x x g x f x h 且当且当且当),(),(),()()(.第11页 （共11页） （1）若函数11)(-=x x f ，2)(x x g =，写出函数)(x h 的解析式； （2）求问题（1）中函数)(x h 的值域；（3）若)()(α+=x f x g ，其中α是常数，且[]πα,0∈，请设计一个定义域为R 的函数)(x f y =，及一个α的值，使得x x h 4cos )(=，并予以证明.【思路点拨】本题通过自定义函数考查学生如何理解函数，如何在给出具体函数下处理相关函数性质的能力，只要遵循其规则，借助给定函数的性质即可解决.【正确解答】（1）⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+∞⋃-∞∈-=11),1()1,(1)(2x x x x x h（2）当.21111)(,12+-+-=-=≠x x x x x h x 时 若,4)(,1≥>x h x 则其中等号当x =2时成立，若,4)(,1≤<x h x 则其中等号当x =0时成立，∴函数),4[}1{]0,()(+∞⋃⋃-∞的值域x h（3）[解法一]令,4,2cos 2sin )(πα=+=x x x f 则,2sin 2cos )4(2cos )4(2sin )()(x x x x x f x g -=+++=+=ππα 于是.4cos )2sin 2)(cos 2cos 2(sin )()()(x x x x x x f x f x h =-+=+⋅=α[解法二]令2,2sin 21)(πα=+=x x f ， 则,2sin 21)2(2sin 21)()(x x x f x g -=++=+=πα 于是.4cos 2sin 21)2sin 21)(2sin 21()()()(2x x x x x f x f x h =-=-+=+⋅=α【解后反思】自定义函数是近年高考常见题型，必须深刻理解其定义的含义就不难解决.。
2005年上海卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷
2005年上海卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、单项选择1、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第25题John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School the beginning of March.A. onB. forC. withD. at2、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第26题1分No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditionsof.A. othersB. the otherC. eitherD. another3、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第27题1分2005年高考真题上海卷2018~2019学年上海虹口区上海市复兴高级中学高二上学期期中第34题0.5分There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A. mustn'tB. shan'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't4、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第28题1分2019~2020学年黑龙江哈尔滨南岗区哈尔滨市第三中学高一上学期期中第67题1分2018~2019学年天津南开区高一上学期期末第3题1分At a rough estimate, Nigeria is Great Britain.A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of5、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第29题1分There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concertended,?A. wasn’t thereB. was thereC. didn’t itD. did it6、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第30题2005年高考真题上海卷2017~2018学年北京海淀区北京一零一中学高二下学期期末第21题1分More than a dozen students in that school abroad to study medicine last year.A. sentB. were sentC. had sentD. had been sent7、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第31题2021年天津南开区高三一模第6题1分Professor Smith, along with his assistants,on the project day and night to meet the deadline.A. workB. workingC. is workingD. are working8、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2017~2018学年陕西西安碑林区西安市铁一中学高二上学期期中第68题0.5分2009~2010学年北京东城区高二上学期期末He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost9、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第33题2020~2021学年广东中山市南朗镇中山纪念中学高二上学期段考第46题1分into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put10、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第34题2005年高考真题上海卷He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. until11、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷It was after the invention of printing to publish large numbers of books and pictures.A. were people ableB. that people were ableC. when were people ableD. people were able12、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第36题2020~2021学年广东中山市南朗镇中山纪念中学高二上学期段考第47题1分2020~2021学年10月天津河西区天津市实验中学高一上学期月考第17题1分More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays,advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A. takingB. takenC. having takenD. having been taken13、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第37题2017年天津河东区高三二模第5题1分At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shadeand down to eat our picnic lunch.A. sittingB. have satC. to sitD. sat14、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第38题2019~2020学年广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高二下学期期中第14题1.5分2019年天津河西区天津市新华中学高三一模第9题1分2009~2010学年北京西城区高二下学期期中in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires15、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第39题2005年高考真题上海卷2020~2021学年广东深圳盐田区深圳外国语学校高一上学期期末A卷第35题0.5分2018~2019学年10月上海闵行区上海市七宝中学高一上学期月考第29题1分Never before in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was16、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第40题2019~2020学年湖北武汉江汉区武汉外国语学校高一上学期期末第27题1分2019~2020学年9月上海虹口区上海市鲁迅中学高一上学期月考第1题1.5分If a shop has chairs women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where17、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第41题2005年高考真题上海卷There was such long queue for coffee at the interval that we gave up.A. eventuallyB. unfortunatelyC. generouslyD. purposefully18、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第42题2005年高考真题上海卷The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stores.A. joinB. attractC. stickD. transfer19、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第43题2020年天津河北区高三一模第2题1分He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. character20、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷2005年高考真题上海卷第44题At times, worrying is a normal,response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident, for example.A. effectiveB. individualC. inevitableD. unfavorable二、完形填空21、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷文科（A篇）第45~54题Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend's home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so,1you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. You take special pains when you are eating2. Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasionsif3table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by4good table manners at home.Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel5. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else's home or in a restaurant.Good6make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are.You7that keeping your arms on the table, talking withyour8full, and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners. You know also that if you are mannerly, you say "Please" and "Thank you" and ask for things to be passed to you.Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being9to good table manners? Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable, but they aid digestion. The dinner table isa10for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battleground. You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟） when you try to be an agreeable table companion.A. becauseB. butC. unlessD. thoughA. in publicB. at homeC. at easeD. in a hurryA. suchB. noC. someD. goodA. actingB. enjoyingC. practisingD. watchingA. comfortableB. stressedC. depressedD. outstandingA. dishesB. mannersC. atmospheresD. friendsA. mentionB. preferC. doubtD. realizeA. stomachB. handsC. mouthD. bowlA. essentialB. considerateC. obviousD. unusualA. timeB. placeC. chanceD. way22、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷文科（B篇）第55~64题There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Manyartists,1, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity.2, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly3. Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired（给….以灵感） by the work of contemporary painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as4to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous in Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition.Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death, at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann.5their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann's6death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann's work, suggested that Mussorgsky tryto7his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky's inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as8rather than representati of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade（舞曲中的行进）,9the composer walks from one painting to another. The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost alarming and frightening. Through a range of surprising10, Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work.A. thereforeB. howeverC. moreoverD. otherwiseA. For exampleB. On the contraryC. In generalD. On the other handA. separateB. unknownC. closeD. relevantA. linksB. additionsC. responsesD. keysA. BeforeB. ThoughC. AsD. IfA. unavoidableB. undiscoveredC. unnecessaryD. unexpectedA. controlB. relieveC. conceaD. representA. symbolsB. imaginationsC. contributionsD. subjectsA. butB. forC. onceD. asA. paintingsB. topicsC. contrastsD. visions三、阅读理解23、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷（A篇）第65~68题2017~2018学年北京北京市第一零九中学高一上学期期中（A篇）第56~59题8分You either have it, or you don't --- a sense of direction, that is. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map, while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say we're all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don't use it, we lose it."Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around. Says Jim Martland, Research Director of the project." However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills."Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:If you are using a map, turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree. Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike. When you return, go back along the same route （路线）.Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town. Streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!(1) Scientists believe that.A. some babies are born with a sense of directionB. people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC. people never lose their sense of directionD. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth(2) What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A. They never have a sense of direction without maps.B. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction.C. They have a sense of direction and can find their way around.D. They can develop a good sense or direction if they are driven around in a car.(3) If you leave your bike in a strange place, you should.A. tie it to a tree so as to present it from being stolen.B. draw a map of the route to help remember where it is.C. avoid taking the same route when you come back to it.D. remember something easily recognized on the route.(4) According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to.A. ask policemen for directions.B. use walls, streams and streets to guide yourself.C. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs.D. count the number of landmarks that you see.24、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷（B篇）第69~71题2017~2018学年北京北京市第一零九中学高一上学期期中（C篇）第64~66题6分"Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please." Said Bill Williams, the manager. This was Kim's first experience with an assessment（评价）. After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory."Kim, " Began Bill Williams. "I am very pleased with the quality of your work. I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions.""But, " replied Kim, "I have always completed every assignment you have given me. Mr. Williams.""I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. I need more input from you-more feedback on how things are going. I don't need a "yes man". You never tell me what you think. You just smile as though everything is fine.""But, " said Kim, "I feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would beTAL#NBSP presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.""I'm not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do. To make suggestions, I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me.""Yes, I see. I'm not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say…. Bill.""Good, then, I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me." "Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will… Bill."(1) Kim is the sort（种类）of employee（雇员）who.A. does not speak out his own ideas.B. is not devoted to the job.C. laughs too much over work.D. can not finish his work on time.(2) The word "presumptuous" in the middle of the passage is closest in meaningto".".A. full of respectB. too confident and rude.C. lacking in experienceD. too shy and quiet(3) From this passage we can learn that.A. Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetingsB. the manager appreciates those who just do what he tells them to doC. the manager is pleased with Kim's hard work and his suggestionsD. Kim is likely to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessment25、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷文科（C篇）"I THIRST"Each day water-related diseases kill 3, 900 of the weorld's children.Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.6 billion people lack basic sanitation（卫生设备）.The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.Consider these facts:●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.Here are three ways you can help:1）Write CongressCurrent U. S foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.2）Sponsor a project with a faith-based organizationMany U. S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put, a single project by a U. S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.3）Support nonprofit water organizationsNumerous U. S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows, some organizations are large, others small-scale; some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.(1) The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that.A. poverty can result in water-borne diseasesB. people have no access to clean drinking waterC. womens rights are denied in some developing countriesD. safe drinking water should be a primary concern(2) The intended readers of the passage are.A. AmericansB. overseas sponsorsC. CongressmenD. U. S.-based water organizations(3) The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to.A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countriesB. donate money to people short of water through religious groupsC. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problemD. take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations(4) What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.B. A list of nonprofit water organizatio to make contact with.C. Some ways to get financial aids fromD. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.26、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷（D篇）第76~79题Equipped only with a pair of binoculars （双筒望远镜） and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinch （红腹灰雀）, Britain's birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird, are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches （雀科鸣鸟） on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden."Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest, " Stephen Moss said in his newly published book—[i]A Bird in the Bush[/i]: a Social History of Birdwatching—which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman's love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend. Last summer, BBC 2's Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success. It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45, 000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwatchers' networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera—a golden-winged songbird from North America—to be seen in Britain. He put a message out on the network service Birdline, and the next day 3, 000 birdwatchers proved the full pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones."Multimillion-pound spending on binoculars, bird food and boxes indicates the increasing numbers of birdwatchers, " said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine, "The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment."(1) The word "satiated" in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by "".A. affectedB. sharedC. satisfiedD. narrowed(2) What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network?A. Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.B. Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.C. Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.D. Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird.(3) Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?A. Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching.B. The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.C. Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers.D. The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment.(4) The passage mainly tells us about in UK.A. the history of bird watchingB. a growing passion for bird watchingC. the impact of media on bird watchingD. bird watching as a popular expensive sport27、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷（E篇）第80~84题Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A~F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Goods for auction salesB. Definition of biddingC. Way to sell more goods by auctionD. Auction sales in historyE. Brief introduction to auctionsF. Making a larger profit as an auctioneer四、翻译28、【来源】 2005年高考真题上海卷第85题翻译我希望尽快收到你的照片。
2005年高考语文试题及答案(上海).doc
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文上海卷及答案考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
4．考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一80分(一)阅读下文，完成第1--5题。
(18分)①民间剪纸是劳动人民为了满足自身精神生活的需要而创造，并广为流传的一种艺术样式。
它生存于劳动者深厚的生活土壤中，体现了人类艺术最基本的审美观念和精神品质，具有鲜明的艺术特色和生活情趣。
②从技法上讲，剪纸就是在纸上镂空剪刻，使其呈现出所要表现的形象。
劳动群众凭借自己的聪明才智，在长期的艺术实践和生活实践中，将这一艺术形式锤炼得日趋完善，形成了以剪刻、镂空为主的多种技法，如撕纸、烧烫、拼色、衬色、染色、勾描等，使剪纸的表现力具备无限的深度和广度。
其线条细如春蚕吐丝，粗如大笔挥抹。
不同的花式可粘贴摆衬，亦可悬空吊挂。
由于剪纸的工具简便，材料普及，技法易于掌握，有着其他艺术门类不可替代的特性，因而这一艺术形式从古到今，几乎遍及我国的城镇乡村，深得人民群众的喜爱。
③中国的剪纸起源于汉，至南北朝时期已相当精熟。
然而真正繁盛起来，却是在清代中期以后，这是由于近代中国城市的崛起。
古老的剪纸多在乡间，以剪子铰出为主，趣味质朴，都是出自农家妇女之手。
剪纸进入城市后，不仅市民情趣和生活理想要渗入其中，而且千家万户聚居在一起，相效成习，所需颇巨。
剪纸艺人为了省工，弃剪用刀，一刀多张，雕镂更加细致，风格转向精巧，艺人也就不止于妇女了。
这些民间艺术家创作的目的在于建立自己的理想世界，在于为生活创造美好的形象。
他们各自有着不同的经历和人生的艰辛，但对于世界都寄予了满腔的热情。
民间剪纸中，很少出现伤痕和眼泪，体现着民间艺术家对生活充满了信心和对理想的追求。
2005年高考上海英语试题及答案
绝密★启用前2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分.满分150分．考试用时120分钟．第Ⅰ卷（共105分）考生注意：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。
2．第Ⅰ卷（1—16小题，25—84小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
第Ⅰ卷中的第17—24小题和第Ⅱ卷的试题，其答案写在答题纸上，如写在试卷上则无效。
I．Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A ,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers .At the end of each conversation ,a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ,read the four possible answers on your paper ,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．A waiter. B．A shop assistant. C．A cashier. D． A postman.2．A．Weight lifting. B．Running.C．Eating cucumbers. D．Drinking diet coke.3．A．Work with his friends. B．Call on his friends.C．Go for a walk . D．Make a phone call.4．A．In a bookstore . B．In a reading room.C．In a furniture store. D．In the man’s study. 5．A．8. B．12. C．20. D．32.6．A．Job hunting. B．An online course.C．Earlier graduation. D．Summer vacation plans.7．A．Confused. B．Sympathetic. C．Embarrassed. D．Uninterested. 8．A．The air is fresh. B．It’s hot inside.C．The window is open. D．It’s noisy outside.9．A．Phone later. B．Try harder. C．Wait for a signal. D．Check the number.10．A．He lost his way. B．He received a traffic ticket.C．He worked very carefully. D．He drove in heavy traffic.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages . The passages will be read twice ,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question .read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．Open the cage window. B．Put the cash in the drawer.C．Check the savings accounts. D．Examine the audio system 12．A．Exciting. B．Demanding. C．Boring. D．Relaxing. 13．A．It has flexible working hours. B．The speaker can have more leisure time.C．It requires more organization. D．The speaker can daydream while working. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14．A．A natural disaster. B．A power failure.C．Homeless farmers. D．A serious accident.15．A．Jews and some Arabs. B．Arabs and North Africans.C．Jews and North Africans. D．North Americans and some Arabs. 16．A．Exchange them for banks . B．Save them for travelers.C．Collect them for poor children . D．Spend them on duty-free goods.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C. you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice .After you hear each conversation ,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form ,Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form ,Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II．Grammar and VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices markedA,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School the beginning of March.A．on B．for C．with D．at26．No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditionsof .A．others B．the other C．either D．another27．There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiceda lot in the driving school.A．mustn’t B．shan’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t28．At a rough estimate .Nigeria is Great Britain.A．three times the size as B．the size three times ofC．three times as the size of D．three times the size of29．There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ?A．wasn’t there B．was there C．didn’t it D．did it30．More than a dozen students in that school abroad to study medicine last year.A．sent B．were sent C．had sent D．had been sent 31．Professor Smith ,along with his assistants , on the project day and night to meet the deadline .A．work B．working C．is working D．are working32．He got well-prepared for the job interview ,for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost33． into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A．Put B．Putting C．Having put D．Being put34．He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time forit .A．where B．when C．that D．until35．It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at thesports stars.A．had B．having C．to have D．have36．More and more people are signing up for Yogn classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A．taking B．taken C．having taken D．having been taken 37．At last ,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.A．sitting B．having sat C．to sit D．sat38． in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A．What is required B．What requires C．It is requiredD．It requires39．Never before in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A．has this city been B．this city has beenC．was this city D．this city was40．If a shop has chairs women can park their men ,women will spend more time in the shop.A．that B．which C．when D．where41．There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we gave up .A．eventually B．unfortunately C．generously D．purposefully42．The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers toits stores.A．join B．attract C．stick D．transfer43．He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others.A．temper B．appearance C．talent D．character44．At times ,worrying is a normal, response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident , for example.A．effective B．individual C．inevitable D．unfavorableIII．ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home orin a restaurant than they are at your own home ?Probably so , 45 you are awarethat people judge you by your table manners .You take special pains when you are eating 46 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 47 table manners had become a habit for you ?Youcan make them a habit by 48 good table manners at home.Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 .Thisis true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are .You 51that keeping your arms on the table ,talking with your 52 full ,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners .You know also that if you are mannerly ,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you.Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being 53 to good table manners ? Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable ,but they aid digestion .The dinner table is a 54 for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battleground. You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try tobe an agreeable table companion.45．A．because B．but C．unless D．though46．A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 47．A．such B．no C．some D．good48．A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 49．A．comfortable B．stressed C．depressed D．outstanding 50．A．dishes B．manners C．atmospheres D．friends 51．A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 52．A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl53．A．essential B．considerate C．obvious D．unusual54．A．time B．place C．chance D．way(B)There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity . Many artists. 55 would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. 56 , in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly 57 .Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets ,but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired （给……以灵感）by the work of contemporary painters .Of the musical compositions that were considered as 58 to the visual arts ,perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death ,at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. 59 their friendship had not been a particularly long-fasting one .Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 60 death.The following year the critic .Vladimir. Stasov who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartman n’s work,suggested that Mussorgsky try to 61 his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that makeup Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as 62 rather than representationsof the paintings in the exhibition .Between each is a promenade（舞曲中的行进）, 63 the composer walks from one painting to another .The music is sometimes witty and playful sometimes almost alarming and frightening . Through a range of surprising 64 .Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work. 55．A．therefore B．however C．moreover D．otherwise56．A．For example B．On the contrary C．In general D．On the other hand57．A．separate B．unknown C．close D．relevant58．A．links B．additions C．responses D．keys59．A．Before B．Though C．As D．If60．A．unavoidable B．undiscovered C．unnecessary D．unexpected 61．A．control B．relieve C．conceal D．represent 62．A．symbols B．imaginations C．contributions D．subjects 63．A．but B．for C．once D．as 64．A．paintings B．topics C．contrasts D．visions IV．Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages . Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements .For each or them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You either have it , or you don’t –a sense of direction ,that is .But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map ,while others can lose themselves in the next street?Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction ,but it is not property understood how it works .One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use it. we lose it .“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around.” says Jim Martland .Research Director of the project . “However if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car ,they never develop the skills”Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction .He makes the following suggestions.●If you are using a map ,turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.●If you leave your bike in a strange place ,put it near something like a big stone or a tree.Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike .When you return ,go backalong the same route●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets ina town,streams ,or walls in the countryside to guide you .Count your steps so that you know howfar you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help tofind out where you are.Now you need never get lost again!65．Scientists believe that .A．some babies are born with a sense of directionB．people learn a sense of direction as they grow olderC．people never lose their sense of directionD．everybody posses a sense of direction from birth66．What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?A．They never have a sense of direction without maps.B．They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction.C．They have a sense of direction and can find their way around.D．They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.67．If you leave your bike in a strange place ,you should .A．tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolenB．draw a map of the route to help remember where it isC．avoid taking the same route when you come back in itD．remember something easily recognizable on the route68．According to the passage the best way to find your way around is to .A．ask policemen for directionsB．use walls . streams , and streets to guide yourself .C．remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs .D．count the number of landmarks that you see .B“Come in . Kim . Have a seat , please .” said Bill Williams , the manager . This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment . After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory“Kim,” began Bill Williams . “I am very pleased with the quality of your work . I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work . My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions .”“But.” Replied Kim. “I have always completed every assignment you have given me . Mr. Williams.”“I know that , Kim . And please, call me Bill .But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas . I need more input from you —more feedback on how things are going I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think . You ju st smile as though everything is fine .”“But,” said Kim,” “ I feel that since you are my superior , it would he presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do .To make suggestions . I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me .”“Yes . I see I’m not accustomed to this , but I will try to do as you say …, Bill”“Good, then , I expect to hear more from you at staff mee tings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me .”“Yes , of course . Thank you Mr. Will…Bill .”69．Kim is the sort of employee who .A．does not speak out his own ideas B．is not devoted to the jobC．laughs too much over work D．can not finish his work on time 70．The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaningto “” .A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet71．From the passage ,we can learn that .A．Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetingsB．the manager appreciates those who just do what he tells them to doC．the manager is pleased with Kim’s hard work and his suggestionsD．Kim is likely to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessmentAcross the world , 11 billion people have no access to clean drinking water . More than2.6 bullion people lack basic sanitation (卫生设备) .The combination proves deadly . Each year . diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 3 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world . Safe thinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate , inequality between men and women, and poverty .Consider these facts :●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is6 kilometers .●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water,and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet .●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases .Here are three ways you can help :1) Write CongressCurrent U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen . Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters , about clean drinking water abroad .2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organizationMany U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad . Simply put , a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people .3) Support nonprofit water organizationsNumerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related of drinking water and sanitation . Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows , some organizations are large , others small-scale , some operate worldwide , others are devoted to certain areas in Africa , Asia , or Latin America . Support them generously .72．The three facts presented in the passage the used to illustrate that .A．poverty can result in water-borne diseasesB．people have no access to clean drinking waterC．women’s rights are denied in some developing countries .D．safe drinking water should be a primary concern73．The intended readers of the passage are _____________.A．Americans B．overseas sponsorsC．Congressmen D．U.S-based water organizations 74．The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ___________.A．get rid of water-related diseases in developing countriesB．donate money to people short of water through religious groupsC．fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problemD．take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations 75．What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A．A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.B．A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.C．Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.D．A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.DEquipped only with a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinc h(红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been sup posed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches(雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainl y possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest.” Stephen Moss said in his newly published book－A Bird in the Bush a Social History of Birdwatching－which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend . Last summer ,BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success .It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera-a golden –winged songbird from North America－to be seen in Britain. He put a message our on the network service Birdline, and the next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the fell pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.“Multimillion-pound spending on, binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”76．The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “”.A．affected B．shared C．satisfied D．narrowed77．What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network?A．Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.B．Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.C．Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.D．Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird. 78．Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?A．Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching.B．The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.C．Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers.D．The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment.79．The passage mainly tells us about ___________ in UK.A．the history of birdwatchig B．a growing passion for birdwatching C．the impact of media on birdwatching D．birdwatcing as a popular expensive sportEDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.80Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures,and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands.81The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, maning “increase” The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.82Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art.83An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot I and continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.84The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form o f a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）1．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．我希望尽快收到你的照片。
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2008上海物理一、（20分）填空题A 类题（适合于使用一期课改教材的考生）1A 、某行星绕太阳的运动可近似看作匀速圆周运动，已知行星运动的轨道半径为R ，周期为T ，万有引力恒量为G ，则该行星的线速度大小为_________，太阳的质量可表示为____________．2A 、如图所示，把电量为－5⨯10－9 C 的电荷，从电场中的A 点移到B点，其电势能_________（选填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”）；若A 点的电势U A ＝15 V ，B 点的电势U B ＝10 V ， 则此过程中电场 力做的功为_____________．3A 、1911年卢瑟福依据α粒子散射实验中α粒子发生了___________（选填“大”或“小”）角度散射现象，提出了原子的核式结构模型．若用动能为1 MeV 的α粒子轰击金箔，其速度约为_____________m/s ．（质子和中子的质量均为1.67×10－27 kg ，1 MeV ＝106eV ）B 类题（适合于使用二期课改教材的考生）1B 、体积为V 的油滴，滴在平静的水面上，扩展成面积为S 的单分子油膜，则该油滴的分子直径约为___________．已知阿伏伽德罗常数为N A ，油的摩尔质量为M ，则一个油分子的质量为___________．2B 、放射性元素的原子核在α衰变或β衰变生成新原子核时，往往会同时伴随着___________辐射．已知A 、B 两种放射性元素的半衰期分别为T 1和T 2，t ＝T 1·T 2时间后测得这两种放射性元素的质量相等，那么它们原来的质量之比m A :m B ＝_________．3B 、某集装箱吊车的交流电动机输入电压为380 V ，则该交流电压的最大值为__________V ．当吊车以0.1 m/s 的速度匀速吊起总质量为 5.7⨯103 kg 的集装箱时，测得电动机的电流为20 A ，则电动机的工作效率为_____________．（g 取10 m/s 2）公共题（全体考生必做）4、如图所示，在竖直平面内的直角坐标系中，一个质量为m 的质点在外力F 作用下，从坐标原点O 由静止开始沿直线ON 斜向下运动，直线 ON 与y 轴负方向成θ角（θ＜π/4）．则F 大小至少为__________；若＝mg tan θ，则质点机械能大小的变化情况是_______________．表：伽利略手稿中的数据 1 1 32 4 2 1305、在伽利略羊皮纸手稿中发现的斜面实验数据如右表所示，人们推测第二、三列数据可能分别表示时间和长度．伽利略的一个长度单位相当于现在的2930mm ，假设一个时间单位相当于现在的0.5 s ．由此可以推算实验时光滑斜面的长度至少为______m ；斜面的倾角约为__________度．（g 取10 m/s 2） 二、（40分）选择题 I 、单项选择题6、在下列四个核反应方程中，X 表示质子的是A ．30301514P Si X →+B ．2382349290U Th X →+C ．2712713012Al n Mg X +→+D ．2743013215Al He P X +→+7、如图所示，一根木棒AB 在O 点被悬挂起来，AO ＝OC ，在A 、C 两点分别挂有二个和三个砝码，木棒处于平衡状态．如在木棒的A 、C 点各增加一个同样的砝码，则木棒 A ．绕O 点顺时针方向转动B ．绕O 点逆时针方向转动C ．平衡可能被破坏，转动方向不定D ．仍能保持平衡状态8、物体做自由落体，E k 代表动能，E P 代表势能，h 代表下落的距离，以水平地面为零势能面，下列所示图像中，能正确反映各物理量之间关系的是9、已知理想气体的内能与温度成正比．如图所示的实线为汽缸内一定质量的理想气体由状态I 到状态II 的变化曲线，则在整个过程中汽缸内气体的内能 A ．先增大后减小 B ．先减小后增大 C ．单调变化 D ．保持不变16 4 526 25 5 824 36 6 1192 49 7 1600 6482104E A k E B E C E D10、如图所示，平行于y 轴的导体棒以速度v 向右做匀速运动，经过半径为R 、磁感应强度为B 的圆形匀强磁场区域，导体棒中的感应电动势E 与导体棒的位置x 关系的图像是II 、多项选择题 11、某物体以30 m/s 的初速度竖直上抛，不计空气阻力，g 取10 m/s 2．5 s 内物体的A ．路程为65 mB ．位移大小为25 m ，方向向上C ．速度改变量的大小为10 m/sD ．平均速度大小为13 m/s ，方向向上 12、在杨氏双缝干涉实验中，如果A ．用白光作为光源，屏上将呈现黑白相间的条纹B ．用红光作为光源，屏上将呈现红黑相间的条纹C ．用红光照射一条狭缝，用紫光照射另一条狭缝，屏上将呈现彩色条纹D ．用紫光作为光源，遮住其中一条狭缝，屏上将呈现间距不等的条纹13A ．弯管左管内外水银面的高度差为hB ．若把弯管向上移动少许，则管内气体体积增大C ．若把弯管向下移动少许，右管内的水银柱沿管壁上升D ．若环境温度升高，右管内的水银柱沿管壁上升14、如图所示，在光滑绝缘水平面上，两个带等量正电的点电荷M 、N ，分别固定在A 、B 两点，O 为AB 连线的中点，CD 为AB 的垂直平分线．在CD 之间的F 点由静止释放一个带负电的小球P （设不改变原来的电场分布），在以后的一段时间内，P 在CD 连线上做往复运动，则A ．小球P 的带电量缓慢减小，则它往复运动过程中的振幅不断减小B ．小球P 的带电量缓慢减小，则它往复运动过程中每次经过O 点时的速率不断减小C ．点电荷M 、N 的带电量同时等量地缓慢增大，则小球P 往复运动过程中周期不断减小D ．点电荷M 、N 的带电量同时等量地缓慢增大，则小球P 往复运动过程中的振幅不断减小E O A2BR v E O B 2BR v E O C BR v EO D BR v（a ） （b ）15、（4分）如图所示，用导线将验电器与洁净鋅板连接，触摸鋅板使验电器指示归零，用紫外线照射鋅板，验电器指针发生明显偏转，接着用毛皮摩擦过的橡胶棒接触鋅板，发现验电器指针张角减小，此现象说明鋅板带_________电（选填“正”或“负”）；若改用红外线重复以上实验，结果发现验电器指针根本不会偏转，说明金属鋅的极限频率_________红外线的频率（选填“大于”或“小于”）．16、（4分，单选题）用如图所示的实验装置观察光的薄膜干涉现象，图（a ）是点燃的酒 精灯（在灯芯上洒些盐），图（b ）是竖立的附着一层肥皂液薄膜的金属线圈，将金属线圈在其所在的平面内缓慢旋转，观察到的现象是 A ．当金属线圈旋转30︒时，干涉条纹同方向旋转30︒ B ．当金属线圈旋转45︒时，干涉条纹同方向旋转90︒ C ．当金属线圈旋转60︒时，干涉条纹同方向旋转30︒ D ．干涉条纹保持不变17、（6分）在“用单摆测重力加速度”的实验中．⑴某同学的操作步骤为：a ．取一根细线，下端系住直径为d 的金属小球，上端固定在铁架台上；b ．用米尺量得细线长度l ；c ．在细线偏离竖直方向5︒位置释放小球；d ．用秒表记录小球完成n 次全振动所用的总时间t ，得到周期T ＝t /n ；e ．用公式g ＝4π2l /T 2计算重力加速度按上述方法得出的重力加速度值与实际值相比_________（选填“偏大”、“相同”或“偏小”）． ⑵已知单摆在任意偏角θ时的周期公式可近似为T ＝T 0[1＋a sin 2(θ/2)]，式中T 0为偏角θ趋近于0︒时的周期，a 为常数．为了用图像法验证该关系式，需要测量的物理量有_________；若某同学在实验中得到了如图所示的图线，则图像中的横轴表示_________． 18、（6分）某同学利用图（a ）所示的电路研究灯泡L 1（6 V ，1.5 W ）、L 2（6 V ，10 W ）的发光情况（假设灯泡电阻恒定），图（b ）为实物图．⑴他分别将L 1、L 2接入图（a ）中的虚线框位置，移动滑动变阻器的滑片，当电压表示数为6 V 时，发现灯泡均能正常发光．在图（b ）中用笔线代替导线将电路连线补充完整．⑵接着他将L 1和L 2串联后接入图（a ）中的虚线框位置，移动滑动变阻器的滑片，当电压表示数为6 V 时，发现其中一个灯泡亮而另一个灯泡不亮，出现这种现象的原因是________． ⑶现有如下器材：电源E （6 V ，内阻不计），若灯泡L 1（6 V ，1.5 W ）、L 2（6 V ，10 W ）、L 3（6 V ，10 W ），（a ） 单刀双掷开关S ，在图（c ）中设计一个机动车转向灯的控制电路：当单刀双掷开关S 与1相接时，信号灯L 1亮，右转向灯L 2亮而左转向灯L 3不亮；当单刀双掷开关S 与2相接时，信号灯L 1亮，左转向灯L 3亮而右转向灯L 2不亮．19、（10分）如图所示是测量通电螺线管A 内部磁感应强度B 及其与电流I 关系的实验装置．将截面积为S 、匝数为N 的小试测线圈P 置于通电螺线管A 中间，试测线圈平面与螺线管的轴线垂直，可认为穿过该试测线圈的磁场均匀，将试测线圈引线的两端与冲击电流计D 相连．拨动双刀双掷换向开关K ，改变通入螺线管的电流方向，而不改变电流的大小，在P 中产生的感应电流引起D 的指针偏转．⑴将开关合到位置1，待螺线管中的电流稳定后，再将K 从位置1拨到位置2，测得D 的最大偏转距离为d m ，已知冲击电流计的磁通灵敏度为D φ，D φ＝d mN ∆φ，式中∆φ为单匝试测线圈磁通量的变化量，则试测线圈所在处的磁感应强度的大小为B ＝__________；若将K 从位置1拨到位置2所用的时间为∆t ，则试测线圈P 中产生的平均感应电动势E ＝__________．⑵调节可变电阻R ，多次改变电流并拨动K ，得到A 中电流I 和磁感应强度B 的数据，见右表．由此可得，螺线管A 内磁感应强度B 与电流I 的关系式为B ＝__________．实验次数 电流 I （A ） 磁感应强度B （⨯10－3T ）1 0.5 0.62 2 1.0 1.253 1.5 1.88 42.02.51（b ）E（c ）2螺线管试测线圈⑶（多选题）为了减少实验误差，提高测量的准确性， 可采取的措施有A ．适当增加试测线圈的匝数NB ．适当增大试测线圈的横截面积SC ．适当增大可变电阻R 的阻值D ．适当延长拨动开关的时间 四．（60分）计算题.A 类题（适合于使用一期课改教材的考生） 20A 、（10分）汽车行驶时轮胎的胎压太高容易造成爆胎事故，太低又会造成耗油量上升．已知某型号轮胎能在－40︒C －90︒C 正常工作，为使轮胎在此温度范围内工作时的最高胎压不超过3.5 atm ，最低胎压不低于1.6 atm ，那么，在t ＝20︒C 时给该轮胎充气，充气后的胎压在什么范围内比较合适（设轮胎的体积不变）B 类题（适合于使用二期课改教材的考生）20B 、（10分）某小型水电站输出功率为20 kW ，输电线路总电阻是6 Ω，⑴若采用380 V 输电，求输电线路损耗的功率；⑵若改用5000 V 高压输电，用户端利用n 1:n 2＝22:1的变压器降压，求用户得到的电压．公共题（全体考生必做）21、（12分）总质量为80 kg 的跳伞运动员从离地500 m 的直升机上跳下，经过2 s 拉开绳索开启降落伞，如图所示是跳伞过程中的v －t 图，试根据图像求：（g 取10 m/s 2） ⑴t ＝1 s 时运动员的加速度和所受阻力的大小； ⑵估算14s 内运动员下落的高度及克服阻力做的功；⑶估算运动员从飞机上跳下到着地的总时间．22、（12分）有两列简谐横波a 、b 在同一媒质中沿x 轴正方向传播，波速均为v ＝2.5 m/s ．在t ＝0时两列波的波5 2.5 3.12⑴求两列波的周期T a 和T b ；⑵求t ＝0时两列波的波峰重合处的所有位置；⑶辩析题：分析和判断在t ＝0时是否存在两列波的波谷重合处．某同学分析如下：既然两列波的波峰与波峰存在重合处，那么波谷与波谷重合处也一定存在．只要找到这两列波半波长的最小公倍数，……，即可得到波谷与波谷重合处的所有位置，你认为该同学的分析正确吗？若正确，求出这些位置；若不正确，指出错误处并通过计算说明理由．23、（12分）如图所示为研究电子枪中电子在电场中运动的简化模型示意图．在Oxy 平面的ABCD 区域内，存在两个大小均为E 的匀强电场I 和II ，两电场的边界均是边长为L 的正方形（不计粒子所受重力）． ⑴在该区域AB 边的中点处由静止释放电子，求电子离开ABCD 区域的位置； ⑵在电场I 区域内适当位置由静止释放电子，电子恰能从ABCD 区域左下角D 处离开，求所有释放点的位置；⑶若将左侧电场II 整体水平向右移动Ln （n ≥1），仍使电子从ABCD 区域左下角D 处离开（D 不随电场移动），在电场I 区域内由静止释放电子的所有位置．24、（14分）如图所示，竖直平面内有一半径为r、电阻为R1、粗细均匀的光滑半圆形金属环，在M、N处与距离为2r、电阻不计的平行光滑金属导轨ME、NF相接，EF之间接有电阻R2，已知R1＝12R，R2＝4R．在MN 上方及CD下方有水平方向的匀强磁场I和II，磁感应强度大小均为B．现有质量为m、电阻不计的导体棒ab，从半圆环的最高点A处由静止下落，在下落过程中导体棒始终保持水平，与半圆形金属环及轨道接触良好，设平行导轨足够长．已知导体棒下落r2时的速度大小为v1，下落到MN处时的速度大小为v2．⑴求导体棒ab从A处下落r2时的加速度大小；⑵若导体棒ab进入磁场II后棒中电流大小始终不变，求磁场I和II这间的距离h和R2上的电功率P2；⑶若将磁场II的CD边界略微下移，导体棒ab进入磁场II时的速度大小为v3，要使其在外力F作用下做匀加速直线运动，加速度大小为a，求所加外力F随时间变化的关系式．M22008年上海物理 参考答案一、填空题1A 、2πR T ；2324πR GT2A 、增大；－2.5×10－8J3A 、大；6.9×106 1B 、V S ；AM N 2B 、γ；2T 2－T 1 3B 、537；75%4、mg sin θ；增大或减小5、2.034；1.5︒二．选择题 6、C 7、D 8、B 9、B 10、A 11、AB 12、BD 13、ACD 14、BCD三．实验题 15、正；大于 16、D17、缩小；T ’；θ；T ’ 18、⑴图略⑵L 1电阻比L 2大得多，所以L 2两端分到的电压只有0.9V ，不会亮 ⑶见右图， 19．⑴2m d NSD ϕ；m dD tϕ∆⑵B ＝1.25×10－3I ⑶AB四、计算题20A 、2.01－2.83 atm20B 、⑴16.62 kW⑵226.2 V21、⑴a ＝162＝8 m/s 2；mg －f ＝ma ，f ＝mg －ma ＝160N⑵大约是39.5格，所以h ＝39.5×4＝158 m ，W f ＝mgh －12m v 2＝1.25×⨯105 J⑶h 2＝500－158＝342 m ．t 2＝342/6＝57 s ，t ＝71 s 22、⑴λa ＝2.5m ，λb ＝4m ，T a ＝1 s ，T b ＝1.6 s⑵4n ＝2.5（n ＋m ），式中n 和m 都是正整数，得3n ＝5m ，n ＝5，m ＝3，所以每隔20 m 又会重合，所有重合处的位置为x ＝2.5±20k ，k ＝0，1，2……⑶不对，半波长的公倍数处也包括了波峰重合处．应2（2n ＋1）＝1.25（2n ＋1＋m ），式中n 和m 都是正整数，得6n ＝10m ＋3，此方程无解，所以不会有波谷与波谷重合之处，．23．⑴eEL ＝12 m v 2，L ＝vt ，y ＝12 at 2＝eE 2m ⨯L 2v 2 ＝14L⑵设释放位置坐标为（x ，y ），eEx ＝12 mv 2，L ＝vt ，y ＝12 at 2＝eE 2m ⨯L 2v 2 ＝L 24x⑶设释放位置坐标为（x ，y ），eEx ＝12 mv 2，L ＝vt 1，L n ＝vt 2，y 1＝12 at 12＝eE 2m ⨯L 2v 2 ＝L 24x ，y 2＝at 1t 2＝eE m ⨯L v⨯L nv ＝eEL 2mnv 2 ＝L 22nx ，y ＝y 1＋y 2＝L 24x ＋L 22nx24、⑴E 1＝ 3 Brv 1，R 总1＝64R 212R ＋4R ＝4R ，I 1＝E 1R 总1＝ 3 Brv 14R ，F 1＝BI 1L 1＝3B 2r 2v 14R ，mg －F 1＝ma ，a ＝g －3B 2r 2v 14Rm⑵E 2＝2Brv ，R 总2＝48R 212R ＋4R ＝3R ，I 2＝E 2R 总2＝2Brv 3R ，F 2＝BI 2L 2＝4B 2r 2v 3R ，mg ＝4B 2r 2v 3R ，v ＝3Rmg4B 2r 2 ，v 2－v 22＝2gh ，h ＝9R2gm 232B 4r 4 －v 222g ，I 22＝34 I 2＝Brv 2R ，P 2＝I 222R 2＝B 2r 2v 2R ＝9R 2g 2m 216B 2r 2⑶F ＋mg －4B 2r 2v3R ＝ma ，F ＝ma －mg ＋4B 2r 2（v 3＋at ）3R。