M5U1 单词短语

M5 Unit 1 之袁州冬雪创作
一、词汇大集合
1. betray: vt. 变节，出卖，泄露
betray sth to sb: 向或人出卖∕泄露…… betray oneself: 显露原形
betrayal: [biˋtreəl] n. 变节
② He would rather die than betray the document to the
enemy.
②She said she was sorry, but her eyes betrayed her secret delight.
她说她很惆怅，但她的眼神里却显露她心坎的喜悦.
2.I must have sounded……quiz, saying how easy it was.
⑴ must have done: 一定做过……
⑵“saying how easy it was”为现在分词作状语，暗示陪同状态.
3. fail sth: 未能通过…… fail to do sth: 未能做……
① I failed my driving test the first time I took it.
② He never fails to write to his mother every week.
4. pretend sth: 假装，扮作……
pretend to do sth: 假装做…… pretend that: 假装……
①Tom pretended to be reading a book when the teacher came in.
③ She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell.
5. admit (admitted；admitting): vt.
(1) 承认 admit (doing) sth: 承认做…… admit that: 承认……
admit sb to be + n / adj: 承认或人是……
①He admitted having stolen that car. / He admitted
that he had stolen the car.
② We all admit him to be a fool.
(2) 允许……进入，承受,登科 admit sb to / into sth: 允许……进入……
① Each ticket admits two people to the party.
② Tom has been admitted into Peking University.
6. beg (sb) to do sth: 恳请（或人）做……
beg (sb) for sth: 恳请（或人）…… beg (for) sth: 乞讨……
① I beg you not to take any risks.
② He begged her for forgiveness.
③John was so poor that he had to beg money from passers-by.
7.keep one’s secret: 守旧奥秘
keep one’s word / promise: 遵守诺言break one’s word / promise: 违背诺言
8.(Page 2, Line 18) ……paper that said……
say: vt. 写到，标明；显示read: vt. 写着；指示，显示
① The clock said it was 7: 30.
②I noticed a sign reading / saying “ No Parking!”.
9. swear (swore, sworn): vt. & vi.
(1) 发誓，宣誓 swear to do sth: 发誓做…… swear that: 发誓……
① Mona swore never to return to home.
② Victor swore that he would get his revenge(复仇).
(2) 咒骂，诅咒 swear at sb: 咒骂……
10. spy on sth: 监视∕窥测……
These days I have been spying on the enemy’s movements.
11. focus: vt. & vi. 集中注意力于；(使)聚焦 n. 核心，重点
focus sth on sth: 集中……于…… focus on sth: 集中注意……
② I was so tired to focus on anything.
③The focus of the conference is on environmental issues.
12. manner: n. 方式；举止，态度[C]
manners: n. (1) 礼貌，礼节 (2) 风俗，习惯
in this manner: 用这种方式 table manners: 餐桌礼节
It’s good / bad manners to do sth: 做……有∕无礼貌
① He objected in a forceful manner. 他坚决反对.
②It’s bad manners to talk with your mouth full. 满嘴都是食物说话不礼貌.
13. guilty: adj. 惭愧的，有罪的
be / feel guilty about (doing) sth: 因为……而惭愧be guilty of sth: 犯……罪
① I feel guilty about not visiting him often.
② He was found guilty. 他被判有罪.
③ The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯盗窃罪.
14. remark: n. & v. 谈论，评论，谈到
make a remark about sb: 议论…… make no remark: 不加评论
remark on sth: 谈论…… remark that: 谈到，说起
①She could hear others were making rude remarks about
her.
②I couldn’t help remarking on her youth. 我脱口而出说她那末年老.
③The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯盗窃罪.
④Critics remarked that the play was not original. 评论家指出该剧缺乏创意.
15. argue with sb about / over sth: 因为……与或人争吵
argue that: 认为 argue sb into / out of doing sth: 说服或人（不）做……
argument: n. 争论；争吵；争议；论点；论据
① We are arguing with each other over the holiday
expenses.
②He argued that more importance should be attached to the reform of the criminals.
③ They argued him into withdrawing his complaint. 他
们说服他撤回了投诉.
16. apologize to sb for sth: make an apology to sb for sth:
We apologize for the late departure of this flight. 17. be sensitive to sb:
(1) 对……体贴 (2) 对……敏感
①She has been sensitive to his husband since they got married.
② A writer mustn’t be too sensitive to criticism. 作家不成对批评意见反映过激.
18. blame: vt. 责备，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责[U]
blame sb for (doing) sth: 因为……责备或人 blame sth on sb: 把……归咎于……
sb be to blame for sth: 或人因为……应受责备 take the blame: 承担责任
①Teachers always blame the students for their rude
behaviors.
②You should not blame your failure on the difficulty of the paper.
19. the attitude towards sth: 对于……的态度
What is your attitude towards your schoolwork?
20. anchor: v. (1) 扎根于；(2) 抛锚，停船；(3) 固定 n. 锚，支柱
drop / cast anchor: 抛锚 be anchored in sth: 扎根于21. be cautious about sth: 对……小心∕谨严
cautiousness: n. 小心∕谨严[U]
These people are cautious about spending money. 这些人用钱仔细.
22. be eager to do sth: 急于做…… be eager for sth: 急于∕巴望……
① Clarawas eager to tell her side of the story. 克莱拉急于讲述她对那件事的观点.
② She was eager for success.
23. respond: vi. 作出反应；回答
respond to sth / respond that: 对…..作出反应；回答……
① She responded to my letter with a phone call.
②The doctor responded that he couldn’t tell the name of the disease.
24. response: n. 反应；回应；答复 in response to sth: 以回应……
make response to sth: 回应…… make no response: 不作回答
① The laws were passed in response to public pressure.
② He made no response to my question.
25. regardless: adv.
(1) 不管怎样；无论如何（用在句末）
(2) regardless of sth: 不管，掉臂
① You get a lot of criticism, but you have to carry on regardless.
② All our proposals were rejected regardless of their merits(价值，优点).
26. end up: 成果为；以…….竣事
end up + 介词短语∕adj∕doing
① If you continue to steal, you will end up in prison.
你要是继续行窃，终归得进监狱.
②If he carries on driving like that, he’ll end up
dead. 他照那样开车，早晚得丢命.
③Because he had made full preparations for the
interview, he ended up working in the company.
27. be committed to sth / sb: ；忠于……
She was strongly committed to her job她非常忠于职守.
28 quarrel with sb about sth: have a quarrel with
sb about sth:
We aren’t going to quarrel with each other about a
few dollars.
29. in conclusion / to conclude: 总之
In conclusion, I'd like to thank you for all you've
done for me.
最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切.
30. mercy: n. 仁慈，恻隐，宽容
at the mercy of sb: 任由……支配 show mercy to sb: have mercy on sb:
leave sb to the mercy / mercies of sb: 任凭或人受……
支配
① They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and
weather.
② The terrorists showed no mercy to the refugees(难平
易近).
③He won’t leave the cat to the mercy of the boy.
31. get through: vt. 完成；通过；批准通过
get through to sb / sth: 到达……；接通……的电话
① get through a task / an exam.
②Millions of refugees will die if these supplies don’t get through to them.
③With great efforts, I finally got through to the manager.
32. acquaintance: n. (1) 熟人；泛泛之交[C] (2) 认识，懂
得[U, C]
make one’s acquaintance: make the acquaintance of
sb:
of one’s acquaintance: 所认识∕懂得的 on first acquaintance: 初次相见时
① I am delighted to make your acquaintance.
② a certain lawyer of my acquaintance.
③Even on first acquaintance, we could see he wasn’t
the right type.
初次见面就看出他不是对门路的人.
二、短语
1. 相处，停顿get along (with)
2. 发展友谊
develop friendships with
3. 值得做…be worth doing
4. 对….感到自豪 be
proud of/ take pride in
5. 决计做be determined to do
6. 承认某事/承认做
admit sth/ doing/ that
7. 答应或人（不）做某事promise sb to (not) do 8. 信
守诺言keep one’s word
9. 因某事向或人道歉apologize to sb for sth 10.
对某事有天赋 be gifted at
11. 不久before long 12. 也as well (as)
13. 劝说或人做某事persuade sb to do/ into doing 14. 假装做…pretend to do/ that
15. 阻止做某事 discourage sb from doing 16. 接
通 get through ( to sb)
17. 一方面……另外一方面 on t he one hand……on the other hand
18. 因为某事而责备或人 blame sb for sth/ doing
19. 对….有影响 have an effect on 20. 各种各样
的 a variety of
21. 以….为基础 be based on 22. 掉臂，不管regardless of
23. 阻止或人做某事 prevent / stop / keep sb from doing
24. 珍重，小心，当心 take care 25. 互相one another26. be absorbed in 全神贯注于
三.单项填空
1．According to a recent survey, homework is what students most often ________ for their lack of sleep.
A．blame B．remindC．accuse D．suspect
2．Don't pretend ________ hard. I know that you are reading a magazine at the same time.
A．to work B．workingC．to be working D．to have worked
3．Generally，________ to a university in the USA, foreign students need to prove their strong ability
in using English.
A．admitting B．admittedC．to be admitted D．being admitted
4．With our knowledge ________ practice，we can make great contributions to our society.
A．to base on B．basing onC．based on D．base
on
5．Generally speaking，the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth，but whether or not
he reaches those limits will ________ his
environment.
A．focus on B．rely onC．agree on D．carry on
6．I am sorry, but I didn't mean to keep you waiting here so long. Can you ________ me?
A．hesitate B．forgiveC．apologize D．satisfy
7．I like reading books about ________ story of Sang Lan who has ________ positive attitude towards life.
A．the；the B．a；aC．a；/ D．the；a
8．—What is going on over there?
—They are arguing ________ each other ________ private affairs.
A．about；with B．with；aboutC．with；with D．about；about
9．The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________.
A．they had quarreled B．they have quarreled
C．have they quarreled D．had they quarreled
10．I made ______ acquaintance of his sister at the party and then I fell in _____ love with her.
A．an；a B．the；aC．the；/ D．an；a
11．I don't believe you can do today's job with yesterday's methods and be in tomorrow's business，
________？
A．do I B．don't IC．can you D．can't you
12．I believe we could face delays if we travel by bus，
________ traffic jams.
A．thanks to B．despiteC．regardless of D．in spite of
13．Looking you straight in the eye does not mean the person is telling the truth.Experienced liars often
do this in a(n) ________ way，playing on people
believing the myth.
A．automatic B．compulsoryC．sensitive D．deliberate
14．Whether in a professional or social setting it's always ________ if you fail to introduce two people
when you're their only shared acquaintance.
A．superior B．awkwardC．mysterious D．current 15．—Guess what！I have got A for my term paper.
—Great！You ________ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A．must B．shouldC．must have D．should have
1 A 句意：根据最近一项调查，作业是学生缺乏睡眠所在的主
要原因.由短语blame ...for ...“为……责备……”可
知应选A，其他动词与of搭配.
2. C句意：不要假装在尽力工作.我知道你同时也在看杂
志.pretend to be doing sth.“假装正在做某事”.
3 C句意：一般说来，要想进入美国大学学习，外国学生需要证
明他们使用英语的较强才能.be admitted to/into“被接
纳(入学、入院等)”，此处动词不定式短语作目标状语.
4 C 句意：我们的知识以实践为基础，我们可以为社会做出很大
的贡献.be based on“以……为基础，以……为根据”，
knowledge和base之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故选C.
5 B句意：一般说来，一个人的智商限度在出生的时候就已经固
定了，他是否能达到这个限度还要取决于他所处的环境.rely on“依靠，取决于”，符合句意.focus on“集中于”；agree on“达成共识”；carry on“继续”.
6 B 句意：很抱愧，我不是有意让你在这里久等.你能原谅我
吗？hesitate“犹豫未定”；forgive“原谅，饶恕”；
apologize“道歉”；satisfy“知足”.
7 D 第一空特指桑兰的故事，故用定冠词the; have a
positive attitude towards暗示“对……抱着积极的态
度”.
8 B句意：——那儿发生了什么事？——他们正为私事争论不
休.argue with sb. about sth.“与或人争论某事”.
9C否定副词never放于句首时，句子要采取部分倒装，所以解除A、B两项；根据and前的句子时态可知，此处应用现在
完成时.故选C.
10 C当暗示“与或人结识”时用make the acquaintance of
sb.，该短语中的名词前要用定冠词，暗示特指.而fall in love中love是抽象名词，其前不必冠词.
11 C在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分是“I don't
think/suppose/expect/believe等＋宾语从句”布局时，附加问句应与从句一致，同时要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象.分析本题的句子布局可知应选C.
12 A句意：我相信如果我们坐公交车，可以由于交通堵塞而延
误.thanks to意为“由于”，符合语境.despite和in spite of均意为“虽然”；regardless of意为“不管，掉臂”.
13 D句意：直视你其实不料味着这个人在告诉你实情，有经历
的骗子常常会故意这样做，以欺骗相信这种荒诞说法的人.deliberate“故意的，蓄意的”，符合句意.automatic“自动的，必定的”；compulsory“强制的，强迫的”；sensitive“敏感的”.
14B句意：无论是在职场还是在社交场合，如果你是两个目生人唯一的熟人而不出面先容的话，这会让人感觉很尴
尬.awkward“使人尴尬的”，符合句意.superior“优秀
的”；mysterious“神秘的”；current“现在的”.
15C句意：——你猜这是什么！我的学期论文得了 A.——好极了！你一定广泛阅读而且下了很大工夫.在英语中暗示对过
去事实的必定推测用must have done.。