直接引语变间接引语

直接引语变间接引语（练习题）
1. “I'm glad to receive your e-mail,” said he.
He said (that) he was glad to receive my e-mail.
2. He said to me, “Are you going home this weekend?”
He asked me if I was going home that weekend.
3. “How do you like the food here?” said she.
She asked how I liked the food there.
4. She said to me, “Don't ride in the street.”
She told me not to ride in the street.
5. “Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man.
The police ordered the young man to stand where he was.
II. 请在下列空白处填上适当的词语，使句意不变。

1．She said, “Are you from the south?”
She asked if / whether; I was from the south.
2. Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.”
Mom told me not to tell a lie.
3．Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last week.”
Susan told me that they had visited the Red Star
Farm the week before.
4．Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”
Mr Paul told us that light travels faster than sound.
5．“Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him.
The manager travels him to go and post the letters.
一．将直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。

1. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that he never ate meat.
2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He told me that he had found his wallet.
3. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that she had taken it home with her.
4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun rise in the east and goes down in the west.
5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He told me that he had met the day before.
6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I had to go three before five.
7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he had bought the house 10 years before.
8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He asked if [whether] I had seen her the week before.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He told Jim that he could sit there
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked his mother how she had found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me where I had been those days.
12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked if [whether]I knew where she lived.
13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He told the children to stop making so much noise.
14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.She told me not to tell him the news.
15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He asked if [whether] I was interestd in that .
二
1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2．She said: “He will be busy.”She said that he would be busy
3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”She asked me whether that book was mine or his.
5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”The teacher told the students not to waste their time.
7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”The mother asked Tom to get up early.
8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”My father said practice makes perfect.
10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.
11．He said, “We are still students.’He said they are still students.
12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.He told me that he was born in 1978.
13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”The engineer said he was at college in 1967.
14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”He said he had studied English since he was a boy.
15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. 16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.
17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.
18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.
19．I said to him, “I have finished it.”I told him I had finished it.
20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”She told us she would come here tomorrow.
21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.
22．“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
23．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.
24．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.
25．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.
巩固练习：
一.
1. Our teacher asked us D our dictionaries to school.
A. bring
B. brought
C. bring
D. to bring
2. The teacher told the boy students B football on the grass.
A. not play
B. not to play
C. played
D. playing
3. D Tom didn’t go to school?
A. Do you know how
B. Why do you know
C. How you know why
D. Do you know why
4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me A that prevents her from being as happy as before?
A. what it is
B. it is what
C. how it is
D. it is how
5. Betty asked her sister B to the railway station to see her off.
A. not to come
B. not to go
C. to not come
D. to not go
6. The pupil asked his teacher C round the earth.
A. weather the moon goes
B. that the moon went
C. whether the moon goes
D. whether the moon went
7. Mr. Li D Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.
A. asked; take
B. asked; taking
C. told; take
D. told; to take
8. She asked him B .
A. whose dictionary this is
B. whose dictionary that was
C. whose dictionary is this
D. whose dictionary that is
9. Mary’s mother asked her C .
A. that whether she had finished her homework
B. if she has finished her homework
C. if she had finished her homework
D. that if she had finished her homework
10. Do you know C ?
A. what is he doing
B. what he doing
C. what he is doing
D. what does he do now
11. I don’t know B to learn English.
A. when did he begin
B. when he began
C. he when began
D. when he begins
12. He asked me B .
A. how would the weather be like tomorrow
B. what the weather would be like the next day
C. how the weather would be like tomorrow
D. what would the weather be like the next day
13. You can’t imagine A when they received these nice Spring Festival presents.
A. how excited they were
B. how excited were they
C. how they were excited
D. they were how excited
14. She told me that she A by her relatives at the bus stop.
A. had been seen off
B. have seen off
C. have been seen off
D. had seen off
15. Do you remember how many times D to Australia?
A. had you been
B. did you go
C. have you been
D. you have been
16. Can you guess B ?
A. what is that man
B. who that man is
C. whom that man is
D. who is that man
17. More and more students and teachers have began to know C .
A. how important the foreign language are
B. how the foreign language is important
C. how important the foreign language is
D. how important is the foreign language
18. The hostess said that it A time that they ___ supper.
A. was; had
B. was; had had
C. is; have
D. is; have had
19. The boss asked his secretary C he had finished typing the report ____.
A. if; or not
B. if; not
C. whether; or not
D. whether; not
20. I wonder how much C .
A. does he spend on his car
B. did he spend on his car
C. he spent on his car
D. he spent in his car
二.
1."my mother took me to an exhibition yesterday."she said. She said her mother had took her to an exhibition the day before .
2."we are going to study in Australia next month."they said. They said they were going to study in Australia the next month.
3."i'm checking your home work now."his mother said. His mother said she was checking his homework then .
4."can you tell me how to get to the nearest restaurant?"the man asked the policeman. The man asked the policeman if he could tell him how to get to the nearest restaurant.
5."is your son going to Shanghai today or tomorrow?"he asked. He asked whether my son was going to Shanghai that day or the next day.
6."do you remember what your aunt told you last night?"Li ping's father asked him. Li ping's father asked him if he rememberred what his aunt had told him the night before.
7."where shall i get off to change to a No.3 bus?"he asked the conductor. He asked the conductor where he could get off to change to a No.3 bus.
8."how many car factories have been built in your country?"he asked me. He asked me how many car factories had been built in my country.
9."what did Edison do to help the doctor operate on his mother ?"the teacher asked. The teacher asked what Edison had do to help the doctor operate on his mother.
10." go to the front at once!"the officer said to the soldiers. The officer asked the soldiers to go to the front at once.
三.将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：
1. “I am having supper,” he said.
He said that _______ _______ having supper.
he, was.在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having 变为过去进行时was having。

2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.
Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.
told, had, seen。

直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过去完成时had seen。

3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.
She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.
she, had, gone。

直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时had gone。

4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”
The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon.
is。

直接引语变为间接引语时，若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。

5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.
He told me that he _______ met her the day _______.
had, before。

直接引语是一般过去时met，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时had met；时间状语yesterday应改为the day before(from )。

6. “You must come here before five,” he said.
He said that I _______ to go _______ before five.
had, there。

如直接引语中的谓语动词含有情态动词must，变为间接引语时用had to；地点状语here 相应地改为there。

7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.
She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______.
had, before。

直接引语是一般过去时bought，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时had bought；时间状语two weeks ago应改为two weeks before。

8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.
He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______.
asked, if (whether), before。

当直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时said应改为asked，然后加上连接词if或whether；时间状语last week 改为the week before。

9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there
told, could。

根据句意第一空应用动词told；直接引语中含有情态动词can，变为间接引语时应改为 could。

10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”
He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it.
how, she, had。

如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用how引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，一般过去时改为过去将来时。

11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days.
where, I, had, those。

直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用where引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，现在完成时改为过去完成时，指示代词these相应地变为those。

12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______.
if (whether), I, lived。

直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时应用if或whether引导，人称you和动词时态lives也相应地变为I 和lived(from )。

13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.
He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.
told, to, keep。

如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换。

14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.
She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window.
not, to, look。

如直接引语为否定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth这一结构进行转换。

15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.
He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.
asked, if (whether), that。

根据所给的句子，直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，主句谓语动词应用asked；再用if或whether
引导宾语从句，批示代词this相应地变为that。

直接引语变间接引语
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。

或被第二人你所修饰。

从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如果引号外的主句没有宾语。

也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。

如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。

"Jack is a good worker。

"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。

变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。

如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。

"→She said he would go to see his friend。

但要注意在以下几种情况下。

在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth mov es around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in t he street。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。

" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。

" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。

如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。

" →Peter said I had better go there that day。

三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。

变为the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“sugges t +动句词（或从句）。

”如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。

例如：
John said, "I’m going to London with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。

"（引号内是直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。

（宾语从句是间接引语）。