英语被动态语法

被動語態
主動句：主詞動詞受詞
被動句：主詞be ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
by＋受詞（不想強調行為者時，可省略）
＊ be動詞以原主動句的動詞時態呈現
＊原主動句的主詞→被動句的受詞
＊原主動句的受詞→被動句的主詞
※有些動詞不用被動語態：happen；taste；smell；look；feel…
1.現在式
主動句：主詞現在式動詞受詞
被動句：主詞am/are/is ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
Ex1. Many fans love the singer. →
Ex2. Does Mom clean the rooms every day？→
Ex3. Don’t you study English every day？→
2.過去式
主動句：主詞過去式動詞受詞
被動句：主詞was/were ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
Ex1. Someone stole her money. →
Ex2. They sent the cards to friends. →
Ex3. Aliens didn’t build the pyramids. →
3.未來式
主動句：主詞will＋原形動詞受詞
被動句：主詞will be ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
Ex1. They will finish the work tomorrow. →
Ex2. Won’t you make the shopping list? →
4.現在進行式
主動句：主詞am/are/is＋V-ing 受詞
被動句：主詞am/are/is＋being ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
Ex1. Somebody is following us. →
Ex2.They are decorating the living room.→
5. 過去進行式
主動句：主詞was/were＋V-ing 受詞
被動句：主詞was/were＋being ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
Ex1. He was moving the rocks when I saw him. →
Ex2. They were building the house then. →
6.現在完成式
主動句：主詞have/has＋p.p. 受詞
被動句：主詞have/has＋been ＋ p.p. ＋ ( by 受詞 )
Ex1. The dog has bitten the baby boy. →
Ex2. I haven't received the letter yet. →
Practice：
1.大約十萬名工人建造這座金字塔。

2.這座金字塔是被大約十萬名工人建造而成。

3.其他人相信是外星人建造這些金字塔。

4.其他人相信這些金字塔是外星人建造的。

More Points：主動語態變被動語態 ~ 123456
1.主動語態變為被動語態，主詞變為介系詞by的受詞，受詞變為主詞，人稱代名詞的格也要變化。

∙中文：我打了他。

（主）I hit him. →（被）He was hit by me.
2.主動語態變為被動語態，句子的時態保持不變。

∙中文：我將給他一支筆。

（主）I will give him a pen. →（被）He will be given a pen by me.
3.一些與格動詞的被動語態有兩種形式;另一些與格動詞如：write, make, bring 等的被動語態則只能以直接受詞作主詞。

∙中文：湯姆給我一枝筆。

（主）Tom gave me a pen.
→（被）A pen was given to me by Tom. （被）I was given a pen by Tom.
∙中文：她給我寫了一封信。

（主）She wrote me a letter. →（被）A letter was written to me by her.
∙（ write當述語動詞，在此只能用直接受詞letter當被動語態的主詞）
4.在感官動詞或使役動詞後作補語的原形動詞，在被動語態中用不定詞。

∙中文：我看見她出了教室。

（主）I saw her come out of the classroom. →（被）She was seen to come out of the classroom
by me.
5.主動語態中如用 people， somebody等作主詞，被動語態中可省略受詞。

∙中文：在夏天吃西瓜。

（主）People eat watermelons in the summer. →（被）Watermelons are eaten in the summer.
6.否定句的被動語態中，not 放在第一個助動詞後。

∙中文：你不應該寫這封信。

（主）You should not write this letter. →（被）This letter should not be written by
you.
7.疑問句的被動語態中，用 be 的對應形式代替 do：
∙中文：她開這輛車嗎？
（主）Does she drive this car？→（被）Is this car driven by her？
∙中文：我們下一步做什麼？
What shall we do next？→ What will be done by us next？
8.祈使句的被動語態形式為：let ┼ 受詞┼ be ┼ 過去分詞。

∙中文：請開門。

（主）Open the door please. →（被）Let the door be opened please.
9.主動語態中有複合人稱代名詞時，被動語態的形式為：主動語態的主詞┼ be ┼ 過去分詞。

中文：湯姆自己受傷了。

（主）Tom hurt himself. →（被）Tom was hurt.
More Practice1：主動句→被動句123456
1. Tom writes the novel.
2. The children finished the work.
3. My husband will wash the car.
4. Someone has cleaned the floor.
5. People don’t grow rice in Africa.
6. They will ask a lot of questions about math.
7. Nobody told him that tomorrow is a holiday.
8. They have changed the date of the concert.
9. Who broke the window?
10.Tina is writing an e-mail. More Practice1：被動句→主動句123456
1. The cake was made by Grandmother.
2. The houses will be sold by Lisa.
3. Rome was not built in a day.
4. Computers have been used by many people .
5. The letter should be sent by four p.m. Translation：翻譯被動句123456
1.這些椅子何時要上漆？
2.那些禮物該放哪裡？
3.金字塔是如何建造出來的？
4.這些電腦是哪裡製造的？
5.Google是誰創立的？
6.這個炊具是日本製的。

7.金字塔是外星人建造的嗎？
8.網路上有在賣手機。

9.你的藥什麼時候吃的？
10.這個水塔因何而建造？。