LessonOneFacetoFacewithHurricaneCamile

Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
Joseph P. Blank
Teaching Objectives:
Enable the students to get a better understanding of the text.
Help the students master the language points.
Help the students improve their English through classroom communication and after-class exercises.
Teaching Points
I. Background information
II. Introduction to the passage
III. Structural analysis
III. Text analysis
IV. Rhetorical devices
V. Questions for discussion
I. Background Information
Three tropical storms:
1) Typhoons：Storms occurring over the West Pacific Ocean and China Seas are called Typhoons. The name comes from the Chinese term Tai Fung, meaning Great wind. Typhoons are given serial numbers: Such as Typhoon 1, Typhoon 2, Typhoon 3 and so on.
2) Cyclones : Those over the Indian Ocean are called tropical cyclones (旋风, 龙卷风).
3) Hurricanes: Hurricane is a tropical storm in which winds attain speeds greater than 75 miles (121 kilometers per hour). The term is often restricted to those storms occurring over Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico or the North Atlantic Ocean. The National Weather Service of the United States has used girls’ names to identify hurricanes in the Atlantic, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico since 1953 and the names were given in alphabetical order. Hurricane season begins June 1 and ends Nov. 30. (发生在大西洋、墨西哥湾、加勒比海和北太平洋东部，中心附近最大风
力达12级或以上的热带气旋。

美国国家飓风中心根据飓风中心每小时推进的距离，将飓风分为五级；一级飓风119~153km/h，二级飓风154~177km/h，三级飓风178~209km/h，四级飓风210~249km/h，五级飓风249km/h以上。

)
Hurricane A (Ann),
Hurricane B (Belinda/ Betsy)
Hurricane C (Camile),
Hurricane D (Daisy/Diana)
Hurricane E (Emily/Eve)
Hurricane F ……
4) Hurricane Camille
1969年的飓风.Camille可以说是世界范围内登陆时风力最强的热带气旋，同时她也是20世纪仅有的3个以五级飓风的强度登陆美国的热带气旋之一，她几乎扫平了美国墨西哥湾沿岸的一切，并在弗吉尼亚州造成了恐怖的洪水和死亡。

丧生于Camille麾下的生命总计259人，直接经济损失达7.8亿美元。

II. Introduction to the passage
Face to Face with Hurricane Camille is a piece of narration. Simply defined, narration is the telling of a story. A good story has a beginning, a middle and an end, even though it may start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.
Narration is concerned with action, with life in motion, with a meaningful series of actions. It revolves around people, called characters, in some kind of struggle or conflict against other people, nature, society or themselves.
In the story the leading character is called the hero or protagonist and the people or forces he fights against is called the antagonist or the enemy. The actions, that is, incidents and events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings (chronological order)
As the conflict develops, suspense and tension increase until the highest point or the climax of the struggle is reached. After the climax, the story quickly moves to a
conclusion, which is sometimes called a denouement. Action (plot) usually dominates narration; however, some narratives focus on character, theme (the idea behind the story), or atmosphere (the mood or tone).
Face to Face with Hurricane Camille describes the heroic struggle of the Koshaks and their friends against the forces of a devastating hurricane. The story focuses mainly on action but the writer also clearly and sympathetically delineates the characters in the story. The hero or the protagonist in the story is John Koshak, Jr., and the antagonist is the hurricane.
The first 6 paragraphs are introductory paragraphs, giving the time, place and background of the conflict-man versus hur-ricanes. These paras also introduce the characters in the story. The writer builds up and sustains the suspense in the story and gives order and logical movement to the sequence of happenings by describing in detail and vividly the incidents showing how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught of the hurricane.
The writer describes these act' ns in the order of their occurrence. This natural time sequence or chronological order holds the story together. The story re aches its climax in paragraph 27 and from there on the story moves rapidly to its conclusion. In the last para. the writer states his theme or the purpose behind his story in the reflection of Grandmother Koshak: "We lost practically all our possessions, b ut the family came through. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important. "
Face to Face with Hurricane Camille: All headings and titles are generally succinct and particular care is given to the choice of words. The aim is to present the article, story, etc. as vividly and as forcefully as possible to attract the attention of would-be readers. “Face to face”, when two people look at each other closely and there is a kind of struggle going on between them, some kind of battle. This phrase connotes a sense of urgency
And in this case one side is the human beings and the other side might be Hurricane Camille. There’s some kind of battle, some kind of confrontation between those two sides. If you have to suffer from a hurricane, what might you feel? ---Fear, nervousness, terror, horror, endurance, determination----many strong emotions are
going to be involved and in the end, there may be death and sadness.
So we can guess from the title that there will be strong emotions the author is going to involve us into this excitement. So the article should be very exciting, very dramatic. There should be moments of great tensions. We are concerned with what is going to happen and at the end of the story we may be very sad or we may feel very grateful because people have survived the storm.
The author’s task is to make his story as exciting as possible. What we are going to concentrate on is how the author chooses his language and how he organizes his language, how he structures his story to make the impact on us as strong, and exciting as possible.
The story is a real story which appeared in a magazine---The Reader’s Digest. But the author has written it as if it were a made-up story, a novel of some sort. It has characters, a beginning, a middle and an end. It has an introduction and a conclusion, which makes it more interesting for us if we know it is a true story.
Hurricane Camille in 1969
Hurricane Camille in the Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Camille was a Category 5 Hurricane that struck the Mississippi Gulf Coast region on the 17th and 18th of August 1969. (see track of Camille's eye at landfall).
Camille is considered the first-or second-worst storm ever to hit the mainland United States. Camille had winds in excess of 210 mph (340 km/h) and a storm surge of over 24 feet (6 metres) (see storm surge profile). Camille killed 143 people along Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.
The storm moved inland and turned eastward. As it reached southern Virginia it unleashed torrential rains of up to 31 inches (790 mm) in some areas which killed 113 additional persons due to flash floods and landslides.
Major damage
8,931 people were injured, 5,662 homes were destroyed, 13,915 homes experienced. The area of total destruction in Harrison County, Mississippi alone was 68 square miles (176 km²). Total estimated cost of damage was US$1.42 billion. Part of the death toll from Camille was due to the refusal of people along the Coast to evacuate.
Bear These Questions in Minds While Reading the Text
1)Words that are used to describe the power of Hurricane Camille.
2)Words that are used to describe how people face and struggle with Hurricane Cami III. Text analysis
1. How many parts can we divide this text into?
Part 1 ( P.1-----P.6)Introductory paragraphs, giving time, place, background of the conflicts.
Part 2 (P.7----P26 ) The detailed description of the ferocity of Hurricane Camille in order of its occurrence.
Part 3 (p27-p39): Conclusion
ⅳW ords and phrases for special attention:
1. lash---strike violently (at); 猛击；
Lash the horse to make him run faster. 狠狠抽马使它跑快点。

Heavy drops of rain lashed the window panes. 大点大点的雨打在窗子上.
2. pumme l: to beat or hit with repeated blows.
The child pummelled his mother angrily as she carried him home. 那孩子因其母带他回家而生气地捶打着母亲.
3. reason out----analyze; figure out; think through 分析；推断
reason out the answer to a question 推断出问题的答案, 很合逻辑地阐明问题的答案.
4. demolish ---- pull down ; tear down;
The old shabby Dorm 3 was demolished and a new one was put up in its place a few years ago, which is called Dorm 5. 几年前老三舍拆了，在那建了一栋新宿舍我们叫它五舍。

5. good ----full; complete; at least; considerable
The southern campus of our university is a good mile from here. 我们学校的南院离这足有一英里远呢
She spends a good amount of time playing bridge. 她花大量的时间打桥牌
6. gruff: adj speaking in a rough, unfriendly voice. 粗鲁的
7. batten down:用压条钉住。

原指水手在风暴来临前用油布封住舱口，以防进水。

Here: metaphor, Comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
8. ride it out: to stay afloat during a storm without much damage.
The ship rode out the storm. 这条船安然度过了那场风暴.
b) (fig.) come safely through trouble, attack, controversy, etc.(喻)平安渡过困难,攻击Hong Kong rode out the financial storm in Asia in 1998. 香港1998 年平安度过了亚洲金融风暴.
Can Iraq ride out such heavy blows from the U.S. and the U.K.?
伊拉克能经受得住来自美英的如此沉重的打击吗?
9. Scud----move fast as if it were driven (by sth .)
scudding clouds 飞掠的云
The startled rabbits scudded across the rice field. 受惊的兔子从稻田里飞奔而过。

10. sit out (through): ---stay until the end of (a performance) esp. without enjoyment The film was boring but we had to sit out. 电影很枯燥, 但我们还是坚持看完了. Sit out the storm: to stay until the end of the storm
11. Pop: (slang) father, or any elderly man
12. The French doors:two adjoining ([əˈdʒɔiniŋ] 毗邻的) doors tha have glass panes from top to bottom and they open in the middle.
13. blew in :burst open by the storm
14. gun-like reports: loud explosive noises like guns being fired
15. disintegrate----separate into parts or fragment; break up(分裂；分解), collapse,
crumble, fall apart
The shabby bus will disintegrate with such a high speed.
16. blast: a sudden strong gust of air 一阵强烈的气流
a blast of wind
17. shove [ʃʌv]/ push/ thrust: push roughly
He shoved her out of the way. 他把她推到了一边.
18. douse: to put out (a light, fire, generator) quickly by pouring water over it
douse the flames 浇灭火焰
19. scramble：climb or crawl quickly, usu over rough ground or with difficulty
20. on the verge of--almost; close to 濒于;接近于…
He is on the verge of bankruptcy. 他濒于破产的边缘.
She was so unhappy that she was on the verge of committing suicide. 她非常不幸, 几乎要自寻短见了.
21 . maroon----isolate 困于…
船残骸上那些遇难者们被困在荒岛上.
The victims from the ship-wrecking were marooned on a small deserted island.
He was marooned in Europe by a war. 他因战争被困在欧洲.
22. dump: put (sth unwanted) in a place and leave as rubbish 丢弃（不需要的某物）
23. moorings [ˈmuərɪŋ] the ropes, chains, anchors etc used to fasten a ship or boat to the land or the bottom of the sea
24. snap: break suddenly with a sharp noise. 使某物）断裂并发出尖利声音
25. vantage point: a good position from which you can see sth优势; 有利地位
The TV tower will provide a vantage point from which we can have a bird’s eye view of the city.
26. slash: to cut, strike sth with a whip 砍，用鞭子抽打
27. trail away: to grow gradually weaker, dimmer
28. topple / ˈtɔpl; ˋtɑpl/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (over) be unsteady and fall 不稳而倒下: The pile of books toppled over onto the floor. 那一摞书倒在地板上了.
29. sprawl / sprɔːl; sprɔl/ v (esp derog 尤作贬义)
~ (out/about/around) (across, in, on, etc sth) sit, lie or fall with the arms and legs spread out loosely 四肢摊开着坐﹑卧或倒下: He was sprawling in an armchair in front of the TV. 他伸开手脚坐在电视机前的单座沙发上
30. tilt: (cause sth to) move into a sloping position （使某物）倾斜, 倾侧: This table tends to tilt (to one side/over). 这桌子歪（向一边[倒]）
31. slant: lean in a particular direction; not be straight 倾斜; 歪: Her handwriting slants from left to right. 她写的字从左往右斜. * The picture is slanted to the left. 这幅画歪向左边了.
32. strew: scatter/ cover
strew papers over the floor/strew the floor with papers 把文件扔得满地都是.
33. festoon: / feˈstuːn; fɛsˋtun/ n chain of flowers, leaves, ribbons, etc hung in
a curve or loop as a decoration 花彩.
be festooned with/in sth
Malaga was festooned with banners and flags in honour of the king's visit. Here: metaphor; Bits of clothing were hanging on the trees as if decorating them with festoons.
34. Salvation Army 救世军
International religious and charitable organization, dedicated to the propagation of the Christian faith and to the furnishing of various forms of assistance to persons in need of spiritual solace and material aid.
35. donate--- give (e.g. money to a charity, etc.); contribute (捐赠)(如捐钱给慈善机构等);赠送
36. rampage---vi. rush about in excitement or rage (兴奋或狂暴地乱冲; 横冲直撞) 听到这个消息, 胡先生在房子里气得跳.
On hearing the news, Mr. Hu raged and rampaged up and down his room.
n. rampage---be (go) on (a) the rampage (横冲直撞; 暴跳如雷)
叛乱份子聚众闹事, 捣毁了许多商号.
The rioters went on a rampage and vandalized many firms.
逃出来的大熊猫横冲直撞装地大闹了两天.
The escaped panda was on the rampage for two days.
37. pitch in--- give all out in doing sth.; set to work energetically (使劲干, 精力充沛地动手做…)
妈妈每天下班后就忙着做家务.
Mother pitches in on housework after she comes back from work.
去年的抗洪抢险斗争中, 到处都有人协力相助.
Everywhere people pitched in to help during the struggle against the flood last year.
由于大家的努力, 我们提前完成了任务.
As everybody pitched in, we fulfilled the job ahead of time.
菜一端上桌, 孩子们不用请就大吃大喝起来.
As soon as the food was brought to the table, children pitched in without invitation. 38. wrath: / rɔθ; US ræθ; ræθ/ n [U] (fml or dated 文或旧) extreme anger 怒气; 怒火: the wrath of God 上帝的愤怒*
Ⅴ. Narrative style of writing or Narration
1) People: the John Koshak
Place: Gulfport city in Mississippi. states: Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama Time: August 17 Sunday, 1969
Like thousands of others, John was reluctant to abandon his home unless ...
2) How does the text develop?
Time sequence
3) Analyze the words that are used to describe the devastating power of Hurricane Camille.
W ords for Hurricane:
P. 1: bad, lash, pummel, Scudded in, P.2: (para.7), overwhelming (para.8), disintegrate, break away (para.9),a blast of water, flinging open, shoving them down the hall, douse, the electrical...killed by water(para.11), curl up, collapsed (para.13), lap at the steps(para.17), ferocity, one mighty swipe(para.18), break apart, crumbling, grade ...as, (para.19), mounted to a roar
shot out winds of ..., devastated, swath, beach, cracked like, snapped, vantage(para.20), smashed apart, perished, trailed away, extinguished the lantern, toppled, shudder, slide off, hinged to one closet, diminished(para.27),festooned(para.28),
4) Verbs used to describe how people faced and struggled with Hurricane Camille.
Batten down and ride it out, shivering from(para.23), scrambled back (para.12), to be
on the verge of panic(para.14), clutch, outward calm(para.15), marooned group, huddled(para.21), implored, frustrated at(para.24), prop it up(para.25), grabbed a door(para.26), streamed in(para.31), had raked its way ...(para.32), rampaging floods, pitched in with(para.33), be awed by(para.34), picking through the wreckage of(para.35), cry about something(para.37), possession(para.39).
ⅥRhetorical device used in this text
1. Metaphor
1) (Para. 4) We can batten down and ride it out.
comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea.
We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
我们做好必要的准备,飓风一来就能安全离去.
2). (Para.7) Wind and rain now whipped the house: a metaphor
Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.
狂风暴雨拍打着屋子.
3) . (Para.28) Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees.
Bits of clothing were hanging on the trees as if decorating them with festoons ( meaning chains of flowers, leaves, flags and ribbons, etc.).
尚未被刮倒的树上结彩似地挂满了被撕成布条的衣服.
4). (Para.32) Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi ...before breaking up over the Atlantic Ocean:
The word rake is used figuratively here meaning to attack and devastate as it moved along.
译:在此期间,卡米尔号飓风横扫密西西比州后继续北进,…最后才在大西洋上空慢慢消失.
5). House and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. Furniture, kitchen utensils, medicine, etc. were quickly transported to the stricken areas and every means of transportation, plane, train, truck, and car, were used.
译: 飞机, 火车, 汽车源源不断不断地把各种家用和医疗用品送来了.
2. simile
1). (Para.11) The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade: simile, comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire
2). (Para.13 ) The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. simile, comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train
3). …, and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads….
simile, blown-down power lines compared to black spaghetti.
3. Hyperbole
The world seemed to be breaking apart.
整个世界好象要碎成几瓣了(或:整个世界似乎都要分崩离析了)。

4. Personification
1). (Para. 18) A moment later, the hurricane, in one swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.
Personification, the hurricane acting as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.
译:不一会儿, 一阵强风掠过,将整个屋顶卷入空中, 抛向后40 英里以外.
2). It seized a 600,000 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3 1/2 miles away.--- Personification, the hurricane acting as a very strong person lifting something very heavy and dumping it 3.5 miles away.(Para.19)
5. Transferred epithet
1). (Para.20)…held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.--- …held a party to enjoy the unusual and impressive spectacle of the hurricane because the apartment provided an unusually clear and broad view of the storm.
Spectacular, transferred epithet, modifying the "storm" and not "vantage point", meaning impressive to see and strikingly unusual
6.Rhetorical question
“What do we do?” “Where do we go?”... T hese questions, which they asked themselves and each other, revealed their helpless-ness and desperate plight.
11。