清华大学专家公寓,北京,中国

清华大学专家公寓,北京,中国
佚名
【期刊名称】《世界建筑》
【年(卷),期】2015(000)010
【总页数】6页(P64-69)
【正文语种】中文
清华大学专家公寓一期、二期一北一南位于草木丰美、环境清幽的清华大学胜因院内，属于学校老校园核心区的一部分。

一期是为我国知名学者提供的住所，由3
个私密的院落组成；二期是为高研中心海外学者短期居住而建的酒店式公寓，由A、B、C、D 4栋小楼组成，南北以钢结构连廊相连，辅以公共空间和配套用房。

由于项目位于校园之中，追求质朴的外表、人性的内涵是设计的指导思想，在校园中不追求华丽的外表，以和谐的比例和朴素的材料融合现代居住模式，使建筑掩映在绿荫丛中，做到适用、经济、美观。

建筑师坚持以人为本的设计原则，一期和二期的使用者分别为国内知名学者与国外高访学者，根据他们的不同特点，通过对使用者特定行为模式的研究，在建筑设计中的每个细节都体现了设计师对人的尊重和关怀。

同时，由于该建筑位于历史悠久的老校园核心区，本设计力求尊重环境，通过院落式围合布局与校园整体肌理相呼应，实现人与建筑和环境的和谐发展。

在户型设计中，一期公寓更为私密，每套住宅自成一个院落。

公寓内部除一般起居空间外，还重点设有书房、Loft、客房、内院等，重点打造读书研究的空间，满足学者们的生活工作习惯要求。

二期公寓考虑到外国学者的生活特点和习惯，厨房设计为开敞式西厨，餐厅与起居厅南北相对布置，需要时可将两厅合并成为一个超大
活动空间；起居与卧室动静分区明确，书房相对安静独立，采光良好。

对于二期酒店式公寓，公共交往空间的人性化设计也是一大亮点。

在首层专门设计了由门厅、活动室（含吧台）、卫生间组成的公共交往空间；在二层还设计了宽敞舒适的室外平台，为西方学者们进行室内室外休闲和交流活动提供了便利。

二期是为短期在华工作的外国高访学者而建的公寓，所以生活服务设施和后勤的设计就必不可少。

结合特定使用者的需求，建筑中设计了值班室（兼商务）、被服间、清洁间、后勤人员宿舍及储藏室。

同时在安保、网络、通讯等方面进行智能化设计。

本着追求校园建筑朴素外表的设计原则，建筑外立面采用灰白色弹涂与灰色面砖相结合的手法，二期中的钢结构长廊则采用与窗框颜色相同的深灰黑色窗框和亲切质朴的木百叶，使建筑与周围环境相融合。

朴素的白墙与灰砖，富有亲和力的木材，稳重的深色金属，这一切都体现了清华校园内学者公寓质朴、平和、亲切、内敛的人文气质。

空间上采用院落式布局，一期是每套住宅自成一个院落，整组建筑由3个院落围
合而成；二期则以一条钢结构长廊巧妙联系4栋小楼，形成几个相对独立的绿色
庭院，为使用者创造出具有归属感的私密和安静的居住环境。

院落式空间是中国传统居住建筑的空间形式，同时也是能够融合于老校区校园肌理的特色空间，并且适合居住建筑的场所特性。

该地段环境优美，林木丰富，设计中将原有的大树全部予以保留，尽最大可能地利用原有地形地貌，保护自然环境；室外环境设计中采用乔木、灌木、地被植物和草坪相结合的立体绿化，避免土壤的裸露和流失；道路铺装采用卵石和青石板等天然材料，考虑雨水的自然渗透，保护水循环，实现可持续发展。

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项目信息/Credits and Data
项目负责人/Principal in Charge: 庄惟敏/ZHUANG Weimin设计团队/Design Team: 庄惟敏，鲍承基，李文虹等/ ZHUANG Weimin, BAO Chengji, LI
Wenhong, et al.
场地面积/Site Area: 5869m2
总建筑面积/ Total Floor Area: 2882m2
建筑高度/Height: 11.75m
设计时间/Design Period: 2001.11-2004.2
竣工时间/Completion: 2005
摄影/Photos: 张振光，莫修权，肖伟，庄惟敏/ZHANG Zhenguang, MO Xiuquan, XIAO Wei, ZHUANG Weimin
Expert Residence of Tsinghua University Phase I & II are located in Shengyin Yuan of Tsinghua University, where is partly the core area of the old campus. Phase I is residence designed for renowned Chinese scholars, consisting of three private courtyards. Phase II is serviced apartment buildings designed for short stays of overseas scholars from Institute of Advanced Study, including four buildings connected by steel-structured corridors from north to south, and equipped with public space and supporting facilities.
Because of its on-campus location, the guideline of the design is to pursuit a humane characteristic with a pristine expression. To be specific, the aim is "functional, economical, and aesthetic". While harmonious scales and simple materials are applied, modern living patterns are adopted, the project merges quietly with the surrounding trees. through condensed research on behavior patterns of occupants, the architect is able to design with great care and respect to the different needs of the users, namely famous Chinese academics for phase I and overseas researchers for phase
II. In consideration of the site being located in a campus core area with a long history, the architect adopts courtyard layouts to respond to the campus texture, which intends to reach a harmony among human being, building and the environment.
Phase I is designed to have a private character, with each residence forming an independent courtyard. Together with the living room, study room, yard, loft and guest rooms, the design focused on various spaces of study in order to satisfy the scholars' needs. Unit of Phase II has western open kitchen in consideration of the living habits of foreign scholars. And the dining room and living room can merge into a large event space. Public and private sectors are well organized with reading room quiet and light-abundant.
Public space with humanistic concern for overseas visiting scholars also plays a very important role in the design of Phase II. there is a lobby, a bar and an activity room on the first floor to provide indoor communication. And there is the wide terrace on the second floor for outdoor leisure. The supporting facilities to benefit foreigner's living are friendly equipped in Phase II, the serviced apartment. Taken the occupant's needs into consideration, Phase II includes duty room (partly business center), linen room, laundry, storage and cleaner's dormitory. Intelligent amenities are provided such as the digital equipment of security, Internet, and communication.
Adhering to the design guidelines, the facade is covered by ash grey paint and grey facing brick. The steel corridor in Phase II is painted charcoal and
embellished with wooden shutters. the austere white walls, grey bricks, wooden shutters and dark metal together create the plain, gentle, intimate, yet restrained humanistic characteristics of the scholar residence.
the basic spatial layout language for this project is courtyard. Phase I has 3 private courtyards, each courtyard is a single residence. Phase II is a series
of 4 buildings sharing a connecting corridor and several semi-private green yards. Courtyard is the spatial pattern of traditional Chinese dwellings. And it also integrates well with the campus context. Courtyard echoes the nature of residential space.
The site is covered with lush vegetation, and the design tries its best to maintain the topography of the original site and keeps most of the trees onsite intact. the landscape design use arbors, shrubs and ground cover plants to prevent the exposure and erosion of soil. The pavement uses pebbles and flagstone to allow water penetration and to protect the water circulation for a sustainable development.□
评论
刘晓都：胜因院对于清华人是有特别意义的。

它是清华园的园中园，隐秘而高深，缘由是作为教授住宅，历史上出现过众多的名人名教授的身影，如费孝通、梁思成、刘仙洲、马约翰等等。

有如教师寓所在传统的西方大学校园里都是重要的组成部分，这样一批1940年代的小洋楼，密度偏低且年久质弱，却也承载了清华历史的一个重要部分。

在这里重新设计一片现代功能的专家公寓其挑战是显而易见的。

而庄惟敏的设计策略无疑是合宜和准确的。

两期建筑延续了原来老的建筑肌理，尺度没有夸张的放大。

布局简洁而缜密，一期引入院落式铺陈，二期重点处理环境关系，全部保留场地里的大型乔木。

材料使用从一期的白墙灰顶到二期加入的钢木连廊都很
好的契合着居住氛围所应有的温情，同时也带入一些当代设计的韵味。

设计的呈现反映了庄惟敏处理场地的敏感和功力，建筑布局准确有效，形式风格稳健，不急扯白脸，却也敢于不因袭传统红砖材料而做出多种探索。

事实证明这些探索是成功的。

看到这个建筑令我想起关肇邺院士曾经发表过的一个观点，建筑“重要的是得体”。

清华专家公寓便是一个得体而又有新意的作品，它表现出了庄惟敏作为清华建筑传人的人文气质：内敛而不掩神韵，平和乃不失大气。

Comments
LIU Xiaodu: Shengyin Yuan is of special significance to Tsinghua people. A concealed and recondite courtyard on campus, it used to be the residence community of many famous professors including FEI Xiaotong, LIANG Sicheng, LIU Xianzhou, MA Yuehan and others. Like the faculty apartment buildings in traditional Western colleges that occupy a unique position on campus, these buildings, though loosely scattered and long in disrepair, constitute an important part in Tsinghua's history. To redesign a modern apartment community for experts in this area presents an obvious challenge. ZHUANG Weimin's design strategy is undoubtedly both appropriate and accurate. Without exaggeration of scale, the two construction phases extend the original architectural texture with a simple yet meticulous disposition. Phase I introduces the courtyard layout, and phase II lays emphasis on its relationship with the environment by preserving all the trees on site. As for building materials, both the white wall and grey roof in phase I and the steel-and-wood corridors in phase II accord well with the supposed warm feeling of the residential atmosphere, while at the same time bringing some modern taste to the design. The
design shows ZHUANG's sensitivity and capacity in handling the site: the architectural layout is accurate and efficient, the formal style is assured and anxiety-free, while the architect is bold enough to depart from traditional red bricks and make more explorations in material application, which proved to be successful. This work reminds me of a famous statement by Prof. GUAN Zhaoye: "what matters in a building is its appropriateness." The experts' apartments in Tsinghua University can be regarded as both appropriate and innovative, exhibiting ZHUANG's cultural temperament as an inheritor of Tsinghua's architectural heritage: restrained yet charming, gentle yet magnanimous.。