高一英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析

高一英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Last week, Vodafone started a test of the UK's first full 5G service, available for use by businesses in Salford. It is part of its plan to trial the technology in seven UK cities. But what can we expect from the next generation of mobile technology?
One thing we will see in the preparation for the test is lots of tricks with the new tech. Earlier this year, operators paid almost £ 1.4 billion for the 5G wavelengths, and to compensate for that cash, they will need to catch the eye of consumers. In September, Vodafone used its bit of the range to display the UK's first hologram (全息) call. The Manchester City captain Steph Houghton appeared as a hologram in Newbury. It isn't all holograms, however: 5G will offer faster internet access, with Ofcom (英国通讯管理局) suggesting that video that takes a minute to download on 4G will be available in just a second.
The wider application is to support connected equipment on the "internet of things" -not just the internet-enabled fridge that can reorder your milk for you, but the network that will enable driverless cars and delivery drones (无人机) to communicate with each other.
Prof William Webb has warned that the technology could be a case of the emperor's new clothes. Much of the speed increase, he claims, could have been achieved by putting more money in the 4G network, rather than a new technology. Other different voices have suggested that a focus on rolling out wider rural broadband access and addressing current network coverage would be more beneficial to the UK as a whole.
Obviously, 5G will also bring a cost to consumers. It requires a handset for both 5G and 4G, and the first 5G-enabled smart phones are expected in the coming year. With the slow pace of network rollout so far, it is likely that consumers will end up upgrading to a new 5 G phone well before 5 G becomes widely available in the next couple of years.
（1）Why does Prof William Webb say "the technology could be a case of the emperor's new clothes"?
A. He is in favor of the application of the new technology.
B. 5G will bring a cost to consumers in their daily life.
C. 5G helps people communicate better with each other.
D. He prefers more money to be spent on 4G networks.
（2）The underlined word "addressing" in the fourth paragraph has the closest meaning to________. A. making a speech to B. trying to solve C. managing to decrease D. responding to
（3）The last paragraph indicates that .
A. it'll take several years .to make 5G accessible to the public in the UK
B. 5G service shows huge development potential and a broad market
C. customers are eager to use 5G smart phones instead of 4G ones
D. it's probable that 5G network rollout is speeding up in Britain
（4）What do we know about the text?
A. Vodafone is successful in spreading the 5G service.
B. Steph Houghton appeared as a hologram by 4G.
C. The application of 5G will make life much easier.
D. 5G phones are available in rural areas of the UK.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述的是4G向5G的转变。

5G会给人们带来更多的好处，使人们的生活更加舒适。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第四段中Prof William Webb has warned that the technology could be a case of the emperor's new clothes. Much of the speed increase, he claims, could have been achieved by putting more money in the 4G network, rather than a new technology. 可知，Prof William Webb说“这项技术可能是皇帝新衣的一个例子”是因为他更愿意把更多的钱花在4G网络上。

故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据第四段中Other different voices have suggested that a focus on rolling out wider rural broadband access and addressing current network coverage would be more beneficial to the UK as a whole.“其他不同的声音表示，集中精力推广更广泛的农村宽带接入，解决目前的网络覆盖问题，将对整个英国更有利。

”由此推知划线词的意思是“试图解决”。

故选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据最后一段With the slow pace of network rollout so far, it is likely that consumers will end up upgrading to a new 5 G phone well before 5 G becomes widely available in the next couple of years.可知，最后一段指出，让5G在英国向公众开放需要几年的时间。

故选A。

（4）推理判断题。

根据第二段中5G will offer faster internet access, with Ofcom (英国通讯管理局) suggesting that video that takes a minute to download on 4G will be available in just a second.可知，5G的应用将使生活变得更容易。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
You can either travel or read, but either your body or soul must be on the way. The popular saying has inspired many people to read or go sightseeing. Traveling just like reading, is a refreshing journey from the busy world. Books, brain food, can keep you company on your travel.
On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac
The book is a globally popular spiritual guide book about youth. The main character in the book drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life. The book can be a good partner with you to explore the United States.
Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." The book tells a young artist's romantic but miserable life, about how he reads, dreams, and has a relationship. Experience the artist's passionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.
The Stories of Sahara, 1967, by Sanmao
The book narrates the author's simple but adventurous life in the Sahara Desert, which seems a desolate and dull place. The fancy natural scenery and life there, along with the author's romantic and intensive emotion, will inspire you to explore the mysterious land. Reading the book is like participating in a dialogue with the author, who is sincere and humorous.
Lotus, 2006 by Annbaby
This novel set in Tibet, tells three people's stories, each with their unique characteristics. It reveals modern people's emotions and inner life, their confusion about love, and exploration of Buddhism. The book is a good partner to bring you to the sacred land Tibet.
（1）Which book is about the exploration of life value through a journey?
A. On the Road.
B. Life is Elsewhere.
C. The Stories of Sahara.
D. Lotus.
（2）Whose book could be the most suitable for your trip to Germany?
A. Jack Kerouac's.
B. Sanmao's.
C. Annbaby's.
D. Milan Kundera's.
（3）What can we learn from the text?
A. Lotus is a religious book exploring Tibetan Buddhist culture.
B. On the road advises a classic route for driving across the US.
C. The stories of Sahara records its authors' own life in the desert.
D. Life is Elsewhere demonstrates Jean-Jacques Rousseau's own life.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac部分中的“After the exhausting and exciting trip, the characters in the book begin to realize the meaning of life.”可知，在那令人筋疲力尽的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据The Stories of the Sahara,1967, by Sanmao部分中的“Experience the artist's pas sionate life in the book during a trip to Central Europe”可知，Germany（德国）是属于Central Europe （中欧）的，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据Life is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera部分中的“The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life.”可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi .However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (齿乳象).
Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a piece of earth that was recently plowed (犁、耕)."I thought it was a log," Caid said. "I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it." The bone weighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their tub (浴盆), but it took their collective strength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone.
"They didn't expect to find that," Michael's mom said. "Now that they have, I believe that they will be more aware of their surroundings and what they're digging up when they are digging and playing."
"We've gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and that's what I thought it was," the brothers' mother said. "This is our first set of teeth we've found. So we thought it was their imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination."
They were exploring near the brothers' home. Lo and behold (真想不到), they saw what they thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (古生物负责人) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a "very mature individual."
The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern-day counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸).
（1）How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon?
A. With great efforts.
B. By chance.
C. Instructed by an expert.
D. Through imagination.
（2）At first the brothers' mother thought the jawbone was .
A. from people who died in the Civil War
B. the bone from a very mature individual
C. like a log or something
D. the prehistoric bone
（3）The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it .
A. helps people to know more about the Civil War
B. teaches kids to be more aware of their surroundings
C. promotes the research on more prehistoric creatures
D. attracts the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the article?
A. Prehistoric Bones Recently Found in Mississippi
B. Not Petrified Wood Nor Civil War Relics
C. First Identifying Bone as a "Very Mature Individual"
D. Unexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone 【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段“Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi .However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (齿乳象).”可知他们是在玩耍的时候无意中发现齿乳象的颚骨的。

故选B。

（2）考查判断推理。

根据第四段中的“We've gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and that's what I thought it was”可知之前他们曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物，所以他的母亲认为这次他们发现的还是内战里死亡的人的遗物。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“ It was the curator of paleontology (古生物负责人) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a ‘very mature individual.’”“可知齿乳象的颚骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了史前巨物齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正
确答案。

4．阅读理解
What do Leonardo da Vincii, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Brad Pitt Prince William, and Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the world's population may be left-handed and still most people around the world are right-handed. What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet no one really knows for sure. One simple idea suggests that people normally get right-handedness from their parents. Studies have found that two right-handed parents have only a 9.5 percent chance of having a left-handed child, whereas two left-handed parents have a 26 percent chance of having a left-handed child. Another common theory is that left-handed people suffer mild brain damage during birth, which makes them left-handed. However, if this theory were true, it would not explain why the percentage of left-banded people is so similar in every society, when birth conditions vary so much from society to society.
Whatever the reasons behind it, people's attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abnormal. For most people today, either case is perfectly acceptable.
（1）What makes one right-handed?
A. The environment.
B. Mild brain damage during birth.
C. The reason is uncertain.
D. Other people.
（2）Why is the number of young people who are left-handed bigger than that of the elderly?
A. Because the elderly are forced to become right-handed.
B. Because left-handed people are considered abnormal.
C. Because left-handedness can be cured.
D. Because the young are easily damaged.
（3）What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Left-handed people are looked down upon.
B. General facts about left-handed people.
C. Some famous left-handed people.
D. The reasons why people are left-handed.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。

（1）考查细节理解。

第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根据” As yet no one really knows for sure.”可知，虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测，但是原因不明。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段“Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abnormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯，但是，现在人们的态度已经转变了。

故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌
握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Daniella Wride was brushing her daughter's long brown hair when she noticed that with each comb, masses of the hair were coming out. That was January 1, 2017. Within 20 days, seven-year-old Gianessa Wride's hair was completely gone, and her doctor said the hair would never grow back. Gianessa had become one of the 6.
8 million Americans with alopecia, an auto-immune disease that causes hair loss.
Alopecia isn't painful, but for kids who suffer from it, the severe pain comes from standing out from the crowd. For the most part, the students in Gianessa's first-grade class in Salem, Utah, were understanding. But the occasional jokes of "Baldy"(秃子) made her feel like an abandoned child. "I didn't want her to feel that she wasn't like the other kids," her mother said." I tried covering her baldness, but the artificial hair was uncomfortable."
Then comes the school's traditional "Crazy Hair Day" in April, a great just-for-fun celebration where all the kids and their parents can express their wild sides a bit. Daniella and Gianessa decided that rather than hide Gianessa's baldness under the artificial hair, they would celebrate it. Daniella bought scrapbook-sticker (贴纸) jewels and decorated her head with flowered designs and even a deer. "They just fit her personality," Daniella smiled. "She's so lovely."
On the morning of the competition, Gianessa was nervous. Would her friends think it was funny? However, with her mother's encouragement, she had nothing to fear. Impressive Gianessa was a hit and a winner of the crazy-hair competition. Gianessa is now glad that she dared to go bare. "I was sad at first when I lost all my hair," she told people. "But now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids can't. I'm thinking now it might be fun to decorate my head with some colourful butterflies and flowers. "
（1）Why was Gianessa different from other kids?
A.She was born bald.
B.She suffered from hair loss.
C.She was talented in hair designing.
D.She had her head fully shaved.
（2）How did others react to Gianessa's disease?
A.Her doctor was quite optimistic.
B.Her mother gave her artificial hair.
C.Her classmates were all considerate.
D.Her school offered her special help.
（3）What could Gianessa do on the "Crazy Hair Day"?
A.She could tease others.
B.She could decorate her hair.
C.She could shop scrapbook-stickers.
D.She could show her personality.
（4）What is the main idea of the text?
A.The girl faced her disease in a most beautiful way.
B.The artificial hair built up the girl's confidence.
C.The competition served as a way to make a change.
D.The disease was cured with mother's love and care.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个七岁的女孩Gianessa Wride得了一种疾病，掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来，但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下，勇敢地展现她的个性，愉快地生活。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Within 20 days, seven-year-old Gianessa Wride's hair was completely g one, and her doctor said the hair would never grow back.”不到20天，7岁的Gianessa Wride的头发就完全脱落了，医生说她的头发再也长不出来了，可知，Gianessa Wride和其他孩子不一样，因为她遭受脱发之苦。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“I tried covering her baldness, but the artificial hair was uncomfortable.”我试着盖住她的秃顶，但人造的头发不舒服)可知，她妈妈给Gianessa戴了假发。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“But now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids can't. I'm thinking now it might be fun to decorate my head with some colourful butterflies and flowers.”但现在我喜欢秃顶。

我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。

我在想用彩蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣，可知，Gianessa在“疯狂发型日”能够正视自己，展现她的个性。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“But now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids can't. I'm thinking now it might be fun to decorate my head with some colourful butterflies and flowers.”但现在我喜欢秃顶。

我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。

我在想用彩蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣，结合主要内容为记叙一个七岁的女孩得了一种疾病，掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来，但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下，展现她的个性，愉快地生活。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
When I was a child, our dining room had two kinds of chairs — two large ones with arm rests and four small ones without. The larger ones stood at the ends of the table, the smaller ones on the sides. Mom and Dad sat in the big chairs, except when one of us was away; then Mom would sit in one of the smaller chairs. Dad always sat at the end, at the "head" of the table. Sitting where he did, Dad was framed by the window through which the yard could be seen with its trees and grass. His chair was not just a place for him at table; it was a place in which he was situated against the yard and the trees. It was the holy(神圣的)and protected place that was his, and ours through him.
After Dad retired, he and Mom moved out into a small flat. When thy came to visit me at their old house, Dad still sat at the end of the table though the table was no longer his but mine. Only with my marriage to Barbara, did I hear a voice questioning the arrangement. She requested, gently but firmly, that I sit at the head of the table in our home. I realized then that I was head of the family, but I also felt unwilling to introduce such a change. How would I feel sitting in that "head" place in my Dad's presence? And how would he handle it? I was to find out on the occasion of our youngest child's first birthday.
Mom and Dad arrived for lunch, and went into the dining room. Dad moved toward his usual seat in front of the window. Before he could get around the side of the table, I took a deep breath and said, "Dad, this is going to be your place, next to Mom, on the side." He stopped, looked at me and then sat down. I felt sad, and angry
at Barbara for pushing me to do this. It would have been easy to say, "My mistake, Dad. Sit where you always sit, " But I didn't.
When he and Mom were seated, Barbara and I took our places. I don't know how Dad felt. I do know that, though removed from his usual place, he continued to share his best self with us, telling stories of his childhood and youth to the delight of his grandchildren. As I served the food, our lives experienced a change, which we continue to live with.
It wasn't easy, but I sense that there is also something good in the change which has occurred. I am beginning to learn that "honoring one's father" is more than the question of which place to occupy at the dining table. It also means listening, wherever we sit and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad longs to tell. We may then, during these magical moments, even be able to forget about whose chair is whose.
（1）Why did Dad always sit in the big chair at the end of the table before he retired?
A.Because the chair was large enough for him.
B.Because sitting there he could see the trees and grass in the yard.
C.Because it was the holy seat for the head of the family.
D.Because the chair was comfortable with arm rests.
（2）What do we know from the second paragraph?
A.The writer's parents moved out because the house was too old.
B.The writer didn't want to hurt his father’s feelings.
C.The writer's wife was rude to his parents.
D.The writer didn't dare to refuse his wife's request.
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Dad felt upset after being removed from his usual place.
B.The writer was satisfied with the new seating arrangement.
C.Dad continued to tell stories to cover his embarrassment.
D.Dad didn't appear to mind where he sat.
（4）What does the writer intend to tell us?
A.Respecting Dad is more than the question of dining seat.
B.It is not easy to go against parents' wishes.
C.Think twice before you act.
D.Every coin has two sides.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙，通过讲述作者和父亲餐厅座位的变化告诉我们尊重父母并不在于餐厅的座位，而是快乐相处。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“His chair was not just a place for him at table; it was a place in which he was situated against the yard and the trees. It was the holy(神圣的）and protected place that was his, and ours through him.”可知父亲的餐桌位置不仅是靠着院子和树林的地方，还是一个一家之主神圣和受保护的地方。

所以为什么爸爸在退休前总是坐在桌子尽头的大椅子上是因为那是一家之主的圣座。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“I realized then that I was head of the family, but I also felt unwilling to introduce such a change. How would I feel sitting in that "head" place in my Dad's presence? And how would he handle it?”可知作者成为一家之主后，不愿意占据父亲原来一家之主的神圣座位。

所以判断出作者不
想伤害父亲的感情。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Before he could get around the side of the t able, I took a deep breath and said, ‘Dad, this is going to be your place, next to Mom, on the side.’He stopped, looked at me and then sat down.和第四段though removed from his usual place, he continued to share his best self with us, telling stories of his chi ldhood and youth to the delight of his grandchildren.”可知作者让父亲坐在边上后，父亲似乎并没表现出介意坐在哪里，仍然和我们说笑，给孩子们讲他孩时和年轻时的故事。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“I am beginning to learn that ‘honoring one's father’ is more than the question of which place to occupy at the dining table. It also means listening, wherever we sit and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad longs to tell We may then, during these magical moments, even be able to forget about whose chair is whose.”可知作者开始认识到“孝敬父亲”不仅仅是在餐桌上占据什么位置的问题。

无论坐在哪里，无论坐什么位置，我们都会倾听爸爸渴望告诉我们的故事。

所以作者想告诉我们“孝敬父亲”，不仅仅是在餐桌上占据什么位置的问题。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.
Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the news paper appealed on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”
Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock（股票）drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test —preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income,
（1）What can we learn about the New England Courant?
A. It is mainly about the stock market.
B. It carries articles by political leaders.
C. It marks the beginning of newspapers.
D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.
（2）What can we infer about the newspaper editors?
A. They often accept readers' suggestions.
B. They caw a lot about each other's health.
C. They stop doing business with advertisers.
D. They face great difficulties in their business.
（3）Which of the following found a new way for its development?
A. the Washington Post.
B. The Guardian.
C. The New York Tinier.
D. New England Courant.
（4）How does the a uthor seem to feel about the future of newspapers”?
A. Satisfied.
B. Hopeful.
C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。

根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post《华盛顿邮报》。

故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。

通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
83-year-old Antonio Vicente has spent the last four decades of his life fighting against the trend. As Brazilian landowners cut down rainforests to make room for profitable plantations(种植园) and cattle grounds, he struggled to bring the jungles of his childhood back to life.
"When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back," he told the reporters, "I thought: 'Water is valuable, no one makes water and the population will not stop growing. What is going to happen? We are going to run out of water.'"
With only some donkeys and a small team of hired workers, Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his land. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way of life, and Antonio recalls often spending whole days and nights in his young jungle, surrounded by rats and foxes, and eating banana sandwiches for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Over the last 40 years, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife. As the forest grew, the water returned, and Antonio says that there are now over 20 water, sources on his land that were no longer there when he bought it. Then the animals started making a home there. Today, the forest is alive with the sounds of birds and insects living there, and more species are settling in every year.
"There are toucans(巨嘴鸟), all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning," 83-year-old Vicente says, "If you ask me who my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed."
（1）What do we learn about the Brazilian peasants?
A. They wasted much water on farming.
B. They focused on short-term profits.
C. They cared much about the environment.
D. They relied heavily on rainforests for a living.。