'制冷专业毕业设计外文翻译',doc_type,doc
小型制冷压缩机研究 毕业设计外文翻译
Small COMPRESSORCompressor refrigeration system is the core and heart of its decision to the refrigeration system capabilities and features. This paper not only energy efficient, noise and vibration and refrigeration agent analyzed small refrigeration compressor technical performance, Analysis also have appeared in recent years, the new, special small compressor main feature for us small refrigeration compressor future development trend of laying a technological foundation.As we all know, the compressor refrigeration system is the core and heart. Compressor and decided that the cooling system capacity and features. In a sense, the cooling system design and matching of the compressor is the ability demonstrated. Therefore, countries in the world are all in the refrigeration industry refrigeration compressor research invested a tremendous amount of energy, new research direction, and research results continue to emerge. Compressor technology and performance level with each passing day.1.A compressor Efficiency StudyCompressor refrigeration system is the core energy components, improve the efficiency of refrigeration systems of the most direct and effective means is to increase the efficiency of the compressor, It will bring the energy consumption decreased significantly. Moreover, can only avoid the system take measures (such as simply increasing heat exchanger area, etc.) caused by the consumption of materials increased. In recent years, as world energy shortage situation worsens day by day, more and more attention to various energy-saving work the energy efficiency of products made by the ever-increasing demands. Due to losses such as friction, leakage, harmful heat, the electrical loss, flow resistance, noise vibration of existence, Compressor work far below the actual efficiency of theoretical efficiency. Therefore, from a theoretical point of view, any reduction in a loss of arbitrary measures toimprove the efficiency of the compressor. The objective facts have led to the energy saving compressor scope, direction, width, research topics and results varied.On the current international energy-efficient compressors research concentrated mainly in a few areas : research lubrication properties Compressor parts of the friction bearings to reduce friction characteristics of power, improve the efficiency of the compressor; reduce leakage losses to improve the efficiency of the compressor; using frequency modulation technology or refrigeration system through the effort with the user load to match the best energy saving In this regard the particular frequency technology has been relatively mature well known and not repeat them here. Valve Research is an old topic but it is also an eternal topic, Improvement of the valve designed to improve the efficiency of the compressor also Nagamochi endless harvest. Research in this area many times, from the valve material, sports law, optimizing the structure of the applicable theory, exhaustive testing methods. In short, energy-saving compressors on the research in recent years has become one of the refrigeration industry first hot issues.In recent years, domestic refrigeration compressor industry to studyenergy-saving products are also giving great concern. Progress larger products mainly refrigerator compressor industry. In China efficient refrigerators GEF projects to promote and support, both the enterprises for energy-efficient products is the understanding of the performance of refrigerator compressors have a qualitative leap. At present, domestic enterprises refrigerator compressor products of the highest energy efficiency has reached 1.95%. Refrigerator compressor domestic enterprises to take a lot of technical measures such as high efficiency motors or synchronous motor, concave valves, Plane thrust bearing, low viscosity lubricants, the new Getter muffler, reducing friction losses, and achieved great results. The main problem is the lack of domestic enterprises currently free technology, the technology has to imitate the line mainly, Most of the enterprises to build their own technology infrastructure alsounconscious, nor the interest, and this restricts the development of technological capacity.Relative to the refrigerator compressor industry, domestic energy-efficientair-conditioning compressor study it was not perturbed, Over the years the efficiency of the compressor is no substantive change, greater market demand makes most of the air-conditioning compressor enterprises will concentrate on expanding production on. With the nation on the air conditioner energy efficiency standards set for the further improvement of China's air conditioner exports various perils of showing, domestic air-conditioning compressor of this short-sighted enterprises will be unable to adapt to the energy-saving development of the situation. Enterprise also on the follow-up is weak.pressor noise and vibration studyCurrently, the noise has been regarded as one of the serious pollution. Household refrigeration equipment as the source of power and heart, refrigeration compressor noise, to be a measure of its performance as an important indicator. In fact, to a compressor speaking, Most of the noise is due to shell by some noise from the source excitation (such as springs, refrigerant pressure pulsation, exhaust pipe, lubricants etc. excited). But compressor noise sources and pathways complex and diverse, which gives the compressor noise silencer brought great difficulties.On the compressor noise, vibration and foreign scholars have conducted a large number of long-term research. Here in this regard to the main research results are summarized below :The main refrigeration compressor noise Exaggerative inlet, exhaust radiation aerodynamic noise, mechanical moving parts of machinery noise and noise-driven motor three components :2.1Aerodynamic noiseCompressor inlet airflow noise is due to the intake manifold pressure pulsation in the elections. Inlet-frequency noise and the intake manifold gas Lane same frequency pulsating with the speed of the compressor. Compressor exhaust noise is due to air in the exhaust pipe caused by fluctuating pressures. Exhaust noise than the inlet noise weak, so the compressor aerodynamic noise generally Inlet mainly noise2.2Mechanical NoiseCompressor mechanical noise, including members of the general impact and friction, the piston vibration, noise impact of the valve, These noise with randomness, was puted.2.3Electromagnetic noiseCompressor electromagnetic noise is generated by the motor. Motor noise and aerodynamic noise and mechanical noise is weaker compared. Noise source compressor inlet, exhaust, aerodynamic noise, the strongest, followed by mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise. Through in-depth studies, we can further that the main compressor noise from the vibration (from the Department of spring, Refrigeration medium pressure pulsation and smoke exhaust pipe and lubricants have incentive) to the ambient medium spread formation noise. On the effort to reduce compressor noise, much of the literature (abbreviated) proposed a series of measures and the Noise and Vibration Reduction program :① increase rigid shell structure to improve the overall resonance frequency reduces vibration amplitude;② curvature of the shell to avoid mutation, the surface, and the natural frequency is inversely proportional to the radius of curvature. shell shape it should be the smallest curvature radius;③ spring bearing flags will be moved to higher rigid position;④ shell should be used as little as possible of the plane; bending stress and the stress coupling membrane (just on the surface) will shell itself is fairly rigid. Therefore compressor shell to be used as little as possible planar structure;⑤ avoid the exhaust pipe and condenser incentive, optimizing exhaust flow pulsation, Exhaust pipe used in the introduction of additional volume to the elimination of pressure fluctuation spectrum of high-order harmonics;⑥ non-symmetric shell shape; Symmetrical three-dimensional structure means that the axis, along the main axis biggest stress of least resistance. Therefore it is asymmetrical shell structure means that the compressor can be greatly reduced along the axis direction of a force while the probability;⑦ set inlet, exhaust muffler, the closed Compressor Muffler generally muffler. It uses Cross Section, resonant cavity caused acoustic impedance changes in reflectivity or sound energy consumption. or use acoustic-acoustic send phase difference of 180 degrees to offset the muffler of noise. Shell compressor in the lateral closed Unicom a Helmholtz resonator, namely : Helmholtz resonator from the chamber through the neck hole and shell compressor connected into the internal cavity, to reduce compressor cavity stimulated acoustic modal amplitude. The results showed : resonator resonance frequency modulation of the actual compressor cavity stimulated the greatest vibration modes, will be substantially reduced resonance peak response spectrum and lead to significant change. However, it will affect the appearance andthe compressor refrigerator settings, the research results are not yet applied to products.Lubricants and residual volume-coil motor windings will lead to the same types of bulk compressor levels between different (from levels average). By changing the shell external support to increase torsional stiffness and reduce vibration surface; Noise study the complex requirements of researchers has strong theory, the enterprise has good skills base and the need for greater investment and a longer timeframe. This is domestic enterprises compressor one of the weak links, which is now basically in the qualitative phase of experimental research, Along with a great chance and randomness.3. new refrigerants ApplicationBased on the new environmental requirements of refrigerant compressor refrigeration industry is a hot issue. As for the refrigerator product R22 refrigerant substitutes the end of the work, new refrigerant compressor in the past few years mainly concentrated in the air conditioning industry. Apart from the now relatively mature R410A, R407C the study, The largest is the hot issue of CO2 compressor. This is the only issue for a briefing.CO2 currently on the research and application of concentrated mainly in three aspects : one is the most urgent need of alternative refrigerants applications, such as automotive air conditioning, as refrigerant emissions, environmental harm, must be adopted as soon as possible without endangering the environment refrigerants; the other is to consider the characteristics of CO2 cycle, the most favorable to the use of this cycle of occasions, If heat pump water heater is to supercritical CO2 in hot conditions decentralization there is a significant temperature slip will help heat Water heated to a higher temperature characteristics of the focus of public attention; another one is CO2 into account the nature of heat transfer properties and characteristics of using CO2 as a refrigerant, taking into account CO2 good cold flow properties andheat transfer characteristics, use it as a cascade refrigeration cycle cryogenic stage refrigerants.Compressor transcritical carbon dioxide as an air conditioning system efficiency and reliability of the most affected parts, It should be fully integrated supercritical carbon dioxide cycle specific characteristics of a new design. Like ammonia and CO2, the adiabatic exponent K value higher, up 1.30, it may result in the compressor discharge temperature high, However, as the needs of CO2 compressor pressure ratio small, there is no need for cooling the compressor itself. Adiabatic index is high pressure over the small, I can reduce the gap compressor further expansion of the volume losses to the higher volume efficiency compressors. After experimental and theoretical research, Jurgen Horst SUB and found Kruse, reciprocating compressor is a good film sliding seal as the preferred CO2 system. 8:3 its carbon dioxide compressor exhaust valve for improved Exhaust improved compressor efficiency of carbon dioxide increased by 7%.As the carbon dioxide pressure is far greater than the traditional critical circulatory pressure, compressor shaft seal design requirements than the original compressor is much higher, compressor shaft seal leakage over a period of time is still hampered Actually, the main reason.Danfoss, Denso, ZEXEL such as carbon dioxide compressor has entered the stage of small batch production.The IEA in March 1999, the Joint Japan, Norway, Sweden, Britain and the United States to activate the "Selected Issue on CO2 as working fluid Compression Systems in the "three-year project.Beginning in 1994, BMW, DAIMLERBENZ VOL O, Germany's Volkswagen and Danfoss. Péchiney and other European companies launched the famous "RACE"to the joint project, the Joint European well-known universities, automotive air conditioning manufacturers and other developed CO2 automotive air-conditioning system. Subregion Motor Company has production equipment CO2 carair-conditioning systems of cars, Germany KONVECTA production to the quality of CO2 in the air-conditioned Buses run from 1996 to date. DANFOSS, the Obrist Austria, the United Kingdom have developed a carbon dioxide compressor motor. Japan DENSO, ZEXEL CO2 compressor has entered the stage of mass production.With major manufacturers inputs, the type of CO2 compressor with ordinary motor compressor trend line major swing to determine the displacement swashplate, scroll and the main variable displacement.4. New principle of refrigeration compressorsIn recent years, the new structure and working principle of refrigeration compressor made a more progress, mainly linear compressor, Elliptic compressors, compressor rotor Swing, spiral vane compressor, in the past, the author has been described in the article, here will not repeat it.Linear compressor which is the domestic refrigerator compressor industry the focus of attention. In 2004 the International Compressor Engineering Conference has five linear compressor on the article. LG and researchers still Sunpower two main companies. The past two years, several domestic enterprises in the refrigerator compressor to the development of the linear compressor, However, enterprises have the technical foundation for the domestic financial strength and the limitations of scientific research institutions, believe in a short period of time can not enter the stage of industrialization.5 the classification of the refrigeration compressor5.1 reciprocating compressorReciprocating compressor is a kind of traditional refrigeration compressor, the biggest characteristic is to achieve the capacity and pressure than any of the design. Although it is widely applied, but the market share is gradually reduced.So far, the fridge (including small freezing and cold storage device) host compound compressor is ever to give priority to. Through the optimal design of valve structure, friction pair, reciprocating refrigerator compressor refrigeration coefficient of power refrigerating capacity (units) by 1.0 (w/w) of the early ninety s to today's 1.8 or so; In addition to the energy saving technology progress, and environmental protection is closely related to the refrigerant alternative technology has also made gratifying progress, refrigerator system in our country has a large number of using R600 hydrocarbons, such as small refrigeration device is also used the new working substance such as everything. To further improve the efficiency of the reciprocating compressor refrigerator, to reduce the system noise is still the development direction of it.5.2 linear compressorStill make reciprocating linear compressor, due to the linear motion of the motor can be directly drives the piston reciprocating motion, so as to avoid the complexity of the crank connecting rod mechanism and the resulting mechanical power consumption. Linear compressor assembly as the refrigerator system has appeared, the refrigeration coefficient of linear refrigerator compressor has more than 2.0 (w/w), market prospects look good. The main problem is the design of the compressor oil system and the effective control of linear motor displacement limit point and the corresponding anti-collision cylinder technology.5.3 the swash plate compressorSwash plate compressor is also a kind of variant structure of reciprocating compressor, is mainly used in automotive air conditioning system at present. After decades of development, the swash plate compressor has become a very mature model, in possession of more than 70 of the automotive air conditioning compressor market. In spite of this, because it still belongs to the series of reciprocating structure, so in thecar air conditioning system can effect comparing (refrigeration coefficient) and only around 1.5, weight and volume is big, big. Because of the mature of swashplate automobile air conditioning compressor technology, combined with technology, further improvement in the foreseeable future, will continue to maintain a certain market share, but in a certain displacement range by substituting is inevitable.5.4 rotor compressorRotor compressor in the 1970 s by the attention of domestic, it represents the structure including the rolling piston type, sliding-vane, etc. On the rolling piston type is widely used in household air conditioner at present, there are also some applications on the refrigerator. This kind of compressor don't need air suction valve, make it suitable for variable speed operation, which can improve system performance by frequency conversion control. In order to ensure high power (3 p) of the motor output power in the performance of the rolling piston compressor, the domestic research and development and the end of last century, double rotor rolling piston compressor, is now on the market. Double rotor on the rolling piston compressor structure has two advantages: (1) force of the rotating system be improved, the machine vibration and noise is reduced; (2) increase the standalone swept volume and improve the output power of the motor.Below 3 p air conditioning unit, temporarily can not replace a good model of the rolling piston compressor. So improve the efficiency of the compression process, reduce noise and motor speed control and the R410A and other related technical issues after new refrigerating agent, etc., is a research direction of the rolling piston compressor.Sliding vane compressor is a kind of rotor compressor, mainly used to provide compressed air, displacement is in commonly 0.3-3 m3 / min, the market share is low. Rotary vane compressor sliding vane compressor is a kind of transition structure, because of its better starting performance, the compression process torque change is not big, at present is mainly used for miniature cars and some smaller displacementplumbing vehicle air conditioning system. The dynamic characteristics under high speed is the main technology of this compressor research direction.5.5 screw compressorScrew compressor with small size, light weight, easy to maintenance etc., is a model of the fast development in refrigeration compressor. On the one hand, the screw type line, structural design has made considerable progress, on the other hand, the introduction of special screw rotor milling especially grinding, improve the machining precision and machining efficiency of key parts, makes the performance of screw compressor has been effectively improved, industrialization production of the necessary hardware also has the safeguard. At present, the screw compressor is given priority to with compressed air, in medium ReBengShi air conditioning has successful application in the system. Due to increasing the reliability of the screw compressor work within the scope of the medium refrigerating capacity has gradually replace of reciprocating compressor and occupied most of the centrifugal compressor market. 5.6 scroll compressorScroll compressor has been rapid development in the past ten years, the structure of the basic theory, research and development to achieve large-scale industrial production, industrial prototype constitutes the compressor technology development new luminescent spot. The development of numerical control processing technology to realize the mass production, the vortex compressor incomparable performance advantage is the precondition of its vast in the market. A few short years, has been in the field of cabinet air conditioning holds an absolute advantage. In cabinet air conditioning system, scroll compressor refrigeration coefficient has amounted to 3.4 (w/w); In the field of automotive air conditioning, the refrigeration coefficient of scroll compressor has amounted to 2.0 (w/w), and shows strong competition potential. The development of the vortex compressor is to enlarge its range of refrigerating capacity, further improve the efficiency, using alternative working medium and lower the manufacturing cost, etc.Since there is no valve, compression force and torque and small changes in the structure make it more suitable for the advantages of frequency control of motor speed operation, it also become the main direction of scroll compressor technology development. Development of scroll compressor of variable displacement mechanism is the key point of the development of the technology. At present, the use of axial sealing technology, "flexible" theory can realize cooling/heating capacity of 10% to 100% within the scope of the regulation.Due to the vortex compressor suction exhaust characteristic of almost continuous, low starting torque and liquid impact resistance, created the condition for parallel use of vortex compressor. In parallel with the vortex compressor can greatly increase the cooling capacity of the unit, can increase from the current single 25 horsepower to single unit 100 horsepower (4 sets of single parallel), and makes the cold quantity adjustment is more reasonable, give full play to the single machine with the highest efficiency. But single in parallel, one of the biggest problems is the oil return is not the average of the unit when using single machine burning phenomenon.3.1.5 centrifugal compressorAt present in large quantity of cold (greater than 1500 kw) remain within the scope of advantage, this is mainly benefited from the cold quantity range, it has incomparable system overall efficiency. The movement of the centrifugal compressor parts little and simple, and its manufacturing precision is much lower than the screw compressor, these are the characteristics of the manufacturing cost is relatively low, and reliable. Relatively speaking, the development of centrifugal compressor is slow, due to the challenges of the screw compressor and absorption chiller.Centrifuge market capacity is around 700 ~ between 1200, because under the premise that the current technology, the machine is mainly used for air conditioning of large buildings, demand is limited. In recent years because of the large infrastructure projects are built, the centrifugal refrigeration and air conditioning compressor is becoming a hot spot of attention again. Solve surge phenomenon, improve the volume adjustment and theadaptability to change with working condition, miniaturization technology is the main development direction of the centrifugal compressor technology.3.1.6 other structure formsSingle tooth of the compressor, some structures, such as cross slider compressor unique positive displacement compressor also has a certain degree of development, but has not been formed in the domestic production capacity.5. Special refrigeration compressorsAlthough domestic enterprises household refrigeration compressors long accustomed to large-scale production mode, we are accustomed to the number of effectiveness. However, the fierce price competition situation, as products become increasingly lower profit margins, When the production of millions of compressors can only make a few million dollars of profit, some on special refrigeration compressors can be regarded as a way out. Special refrigeration compressor exhaustive, it is impossible in this enumeration. But their common feature is their production scale is small, a single high-profit products faster transition, In most cases the need for the user's requirements designed. These products lead to more and more domestic enterprises to the compressor. If the number of domestic enterprises are developing or already have production capacity of the refrigerator compressor truck翻译小型制冷压缩机研究压缩机是制冷系统的核心和心脏，它决定了制冷系统的能力和特征。
空调制冷相关外文翻译
附录AAbstract: Cooling panels are increasingly used in domestic residential buildings. To provide medium temperature cold water for the cool吨panel, and dehumidify the indoor air simultaneously, a new kind of temperature-humidity independent control air-conditioning unit was developed for single residential house by utilizing multi-variable technology. First, the supply sir temperature was studied to determine the proper supply air flow rate for the humidity control. Then, the energy consumption of different temperature-humidity independent control systems was studied. The analysis indicates that unity evaporating temperature can be used to handle the mois-tore load and sensible heat load in two evaporators. So the unit scheme was put forward. Two evaporators were used to produce medium temperature water and dry air separately, and electric expansion valves were used to control the refrigerant distribution between the two evaporators. Then, experimental work was carried out to in-vestigate the influence of wmpressor frequency, refrigerant distribution on the dehumidification capacity, energy efficiency and refrigeration capacity. In the end, the paper concludes that both compressor frequency and refrig-erant distribution can control the dehumidification capacity, but the former influences the EER more than the latter, while the latter influences the refrigeration capacity more than the former. We can find a proper running point at certain sensible and latent cooling load by adjusting both compressor frequency and electric expansionvalve. The energy consumption of this kind of unit was estimated and compared with present~air conditioners, which shows that it can save about 41%cooling energy consumption.In the ventilation standards, the indoor relative humidity was always ignored in the past, because if the relative humidity is maintained between 30 % and 70 %，it affects little on people’s thermal oom-fort. In Yangtze River area, the outdoor air humidity is very high in the whole year, so the buildingmoisture load needs to be taken into consideration when designing the air-conditioning system. Jiang Yi etc. started to study the temperature and humidity control air-rnnditioning system in 1990x.They pointed out that low temperature cold source must 6e provided to remove both sensible latent loads, which is a waste of energy, because sensible load can be removed by higher tempera- ture cold source. They developed the liquid desiccant dehumidification system to control the humidity and medium temperature cold water refrigerator to control the temperature.However, the liquid desiccant dehumidificationsystems are often too large and expensive for a residential house. Thus, to develop a new kind of air-conditioner for the residential building to control the temperature and humidity independently is the very problem that we are facing with and to solve.Radiation panel is a new kind of air conditioning device removing heat through radiation. The watersupply temperature cannot exceed the indoor dewpoint temperature in~of condensation on its surface. However, the water supply temperature is always around 7 Celsius degree, which is much lower than the indoor dew point temperature. Consequentheat exchangers or mixture valves are needed toget mediumtemperature cold water ( around 18 Celsins degrees)，which is obviously a waste of energyaccording to the second law of thermodynamics.Thus, producing medium temperature cold water directly is a solution to t he problem.At the same time, dry air is needed to compensate the indoor latent load; otherwise, condensation may happen on the surface of the radiation panel. In this paper, we developed a high efficiency residential air-conditioning unit, which can produce medium temperature cold water and dry air simultaneously to deal with the sensible load and latent load separately.In the cold dehumidification, the supply air ishandled by surface air cooler to remove the water vapor in it. The temperature and humidity ratio of thesupply air are both lowered, so that it can handle theentire indoor moisture Toad, while undertake a part ofthe sensible heat load. From the point of view of en-ergy conservation, it is assumed that the air is supplied at dew-point temperature.Under certain indoor moisture load, the supply airflow rate changes with its temperature. If the temperature of the supply air is relatively high, e. g.，16℃，its humidity ratio is relatively high, thus, it canlessmoisture of unit~air flow rate, so the supply air flowrate has to be enlarged to meet the dehumidification requiretnent. On the contrary,迁the supply air temperature is low, less air flow rate is needed tothetore. The supply air flow rate at different supply tempetalure is s)bvm in fig. 1.For the residential buildings, the outdoor airflow rate is determined by the rate of ventilationiel.Thus, in a residential house, of which the area isfixed, the outdoor air flow rate is constant, while thesupply air flow rate changes according to its temperalure. Consequently, the minimum supply air temper-store can be obtained, because the minimum supplair flow rate is the outdoor air flow rate.From fig.2 and fig. 3, we can find that the minimam supply air temperature decreases with the in'crease of indoor moisture load. At the same supply aiitemperature, the supply sir flow rate increases withIn the application, dedicated outdoor air andoutdoor air plus return air are both frequently used.In the dedicated outdoor air system, the supply airtemperature is relatively low, so its cold source ener-gy efficiency is relatively low, which will decrease thesystem efficiency. But it handles less indoor sensibleheat load,，the high temperature cold source will undertake more load, which can enhance the systemefficiency. In order to study whether the dedicated outdoor air system or the outdoor a us return air system is~efficient, numerical models are established to estimate their performances.The study results show that if ieturn sir is usedin the supply air to remove the moisture, the energyconsumption is less than the case that only outdoor air is used to remove the moisture. As a result, air banfiling unit should be designed according to the outdoorair plus return air flow rate.Different low temperature cold source and hightemperature cold source can be used to handle the indoor moisture load and sensible heat load. In the tablebelow, the equipments and their required temperatureare listed.In fig. 6, the study results show that when di-rest expansion dry coils are used to handle the indoorsensible heat load, the energy consumption will beless than using radiation panels. It is because that therefrigerant exchange heat with the air directly, without producing medium temperature cold water, so theevaporating temperaturewill be higher for the sensible heat handling unit. However, these kinds of senBible heat handling units are seldom used in application. On the contrary, radiation panels are widely used,，the tetn-hum independent contra! unit is designed to provide dry supply air and medium temperaLure cold water.Temperatnre-Hamidity Independent Con trol Unit ExperimentBased on the above study, unity evaporatingtemperature can be used in two evaporators to controlthe indoor temperature and humidity independently.Its scheme is shown in fig.When running at part Ioad, if "on-off" control isused in the system, the indoor humidity cannot beproperly controlled, so the water vapor may condenseon the surface of the radiation panel. Consequently,variable refrigerant technology should be exerted tocontrol the indoor humidity continuously.If capillary tube is used as the throttling governor, the throttling capability is fixed anct the refrigerant mass flow rate ratio in two evaporators is alsofixed. As a result, when the moisture load increases,the total refrigerant mass flow rate has to be enhancedto meet the dehumidification requirementalso enhance the cooling capacity. Butwhich willthe coolingload may not increase with the moisture load, so the indoor temperature will be lowered. Similarly, whenthe indoor moisture load decreases, end if the coolingcapacity needs to keep stead to maintain the indoortemperature, the refrigerant mass flow rate will alsokeep stead, thus, the indoor humidity wiV rise.These cases will cause people uncomfortable and energy waste. Electric expansion valves can adjust the refrigerant mass flow rate in the two evaporators tocontrol the dehumidification and cooling capacity.Consequently, electric expansion valves should be ex-erted to control the refrigerant mass flow rate to meetthe dehumidification and cooling load at the same Based on the above analysis, the unity evaporating temperature tem-hum independent control ACsystem is designed and produced.From the point of view of thermal dynamics, thethermal cycle of this kind of unit is as simple as an ordinary AC unit. But the two evaporators work together to meet the requirement of dehumidificationand cooling, so the working status of the two evaporators have to be studied to obtain the running pointof the unit under different moisture load and coolingload. Experimental work is carried out to investigateits performance under different circumstances.In order to obtain the impact of outdoor air temperature, indoor air temperature, indoor air relativehumidity, compressor frequency, and refrigerant rado in two evaporators on the performance of the unit,orthogonal experiments are designed.The unit conducted orthogonal experiments andthe results reveal that, the frequency of compressorand the distribution of refrigerant in air side and water side have great impact on dehumidification capacity, cooling capacity and the efficiency. From the unit performance study, we can obtainthe running point and EER of the unit under differentcircumstances, thus, the energy consumption of theunit in the coolingcan 6e estimated. The result showed that the unity evaporatingtemperatureetemperaturhumidity independent control unit cansave about 41%energy consumption compared to ordinary room airwnditioner, which can control the indoor temperature only.Two evaporators were used to produce mediumtemperature water and dry air separately, and electricexpansion valve was used to control the refrigerantdistribution between the two evaporators. Then, experimental work was carried out to investigate the influence of compressor frequency, refrigerant distribution on the dehumidification capacity, energy efficiency and refrigeration capacity, which led to the conclusion that both compressor frequency and refrigerantdistribution can control the dehumidification capacity,but the former influenced the EER more than the latter, while the latter influenced the refrigeration capacify more than the former. We can find a properrunning point for a certain sensible and latent coolingload by adjusting both wmpressor frequency and electric expansion valve. In the end, the energy consumption of the unit was calculated and compared tothe ordinary room sir-conditioner, and the resultshowed that it can save about 41 % energy consumption附录B冷却板正越来越多地应用于国内住宅。
制冷专业英语大全
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷refrigeration蒸发制冷evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋desert bag制冷机refrigerating machine制冷机械refrigerating machinery制冷工程refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商refrigeration contractor制冷工作者refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer制冷技术员refrigeration technician制冷技师refrigeration technician制冷技工refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic 制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman冷藏链cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop冷藏refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器heat exchanger热交换器heat exchanger紧凑式换热器compact heat exchanger管式换热器tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器surface type heat exchanger表面式换热器surface type heat exchanger板管式换热器tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器counter flow heat exchanger*流式换热器cross-flow heat echanger折流式换热器turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器heat pipe exchanger蓄热器recuperator壳管式换热器shell and tube heat exchanger管板tube plate可拆端盖removable head管束bundle of tube管束尺寸size of tube bundle顺排管束in-line hank of tubes 错排管束staggered hank of tubes盘管coil蛇形管serpentine coilU形管U-tube光管bare tube肋片管finned tube翅片管finned tube肋管finned tube肋管束finned tube bundle肋片fin套片plate fin螺旋肋spiral fin整体肋integral fin纵向肋longitudinal fin钢丝肋wire fin内肋inner fin肋片管尺寸size of fin tube肋片厚度fin thickness肋距spacing of fin肋片数pitch of fin肋片长度finned length肋片高度finned height肋效率fin efficiency换热面积heat exchange surface传热面积heat exchange surface冷却面积cooling surface加热表面heat exchange surface基表面primary surface扩展表面extended surface肋化表面finned surface迎风表面face area流通表面flow area净截面积net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速face velocity净截面流速air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速face velocity of mass净截面质量流速mass velocity at net area冷（热）媒有效流通面积effective area for cooling or heating medium冷（热）媒流速velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition；sensible cooling condition 湿工况wet condition；dehumidifying condition接触系数contact factor旁通系数bypass factor换热效率系数coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却surface cooling蒸发冷却evaporating cooling冷却元件cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应Ranque-Hilsch effect涡流管制冷vortex tube refrigeration涡流管vortex tube兰克管Ranque tube膨胀喷嘴expansion injector涡流室vortex device分离孔板separation orifice调节阀control valve膨胀压力比expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量cold gas fraction热气流分量hot gas fraction冷却效应cooling effect加热效应heating effect冷却效率cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应magnetocaloric effect磁制冷magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机magnetic refrigerating machine磁冰箱magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统refrigeration system制冷机refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统compression system压缩机compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor,refrigerant compressor吸气端suction end排气端discharge end低压侧low pressure side高压侧high pressure side蒸发压力evaporating pressure吸气压力suction pressure,back pressure排气压力discharge pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature冷凝压力condensing pressure冷凝温度condensing temperature吸气温度suction temperature 回气温度back temperature排气温度discharge temperature压缩比compression ratio双效压缩dual compression单级压缩single-stage compression双级压缩compound compression多级压缩multistage compression压缩级compression stage低压级low pressure stage高压级high pressure stage中间压力intermediate pressure中间冷却intercooling多级膨胀multistage expansion湿压缩wet compression干压缩dry compression制冷系统refrigerating system机械制冷系统mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system 单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统indirect refrigeration system融霜系统defrosting system热气融霜系统defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigerating system冰堵freeze-up冰塞ice plug脏堵filth blockage油堵greasy blockage液击（冲缸、敲缸）slugging湿行程wet stroke镀铜现象appearance of copper-plating烧毁burn-out倒霜frost back制冷机组refrigerating unit压缩机组compressor unit开启式压缩机组open type compresssor unit开启式压缩机open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组semihermetic compressor unit 半封闭式压缩机semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机hermetically sealed compressor压缩冷凝机组condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组semihermetically sealed condensing unit开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组commercial condensing unit 整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机positive displacement compressor往复式压缩机（活塞式压缩机）reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机rotary compressor滑片式压缩机sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机single vane rotary compressor滚动转子式压缩机rolling rotor compressor三角转子式压缩机triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机multi-vane rotary compressor 滑片blade旋转活塞式压缩机rolling piston compressor涡旋式压缩机scroll compressor涡旋盘scroll固定涡旋盘stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘driven scroll,orbiting scroll斜盘式压缩机（摇盘式压缩机）swash plate compressor斜盘swash plate摇盘wobble plate螺杆式压缩机screw compressor单螺杆压缩机single screw compressor 阴转子female rotor阳转子male rotor主转子main rotor闸转子gate rotor无油压缩机oil free compressor膜式压缩机diaphragm compressor活塞式压缩机reciprocating compressor单作用压缩机single acting compressor双作用压缩机double acting compressor双效压缩机dual effect compressor双缸压缩机twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机closed crankcase compressor开式曲轴箱压缩机open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机uniflow compressor逆流式压缩机return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机dry piston compressor双级压缩机compund compressor多级压缩机multistage compressor差动活塞式压缩机stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机tandem compressor,dual compressor截止阀line valve,stop valve排气截止阀discharge line valve吸气截止阀suction line valve部分负荷旁通口partial duty port能量调节器energy regulator容量控制滑阀capacity control slide valve容量控制器capacity control消声器muffler联轴节coupling曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱加热器crankcase heater轴封crankcase seal,shaft seal填料盒stuffing box轴封填料shaft packing机械密封mechanical seal波纹管密封bellows seal转动密封rotary seal迷宫密封labyrinth seal轴承bearing滑动轴承sleeve bearing偏心环eccentric strap滚珠轴承ball bearing滚柱轴承roller bearing滚针轴承needle bearing止推轴承thrust bearing外轴承pedestal bearing臼形轴承footstep bearing轴承箱bearing housing止推盘thrust collar偏心销eccentric pin曲轴平衡块crankshaft counterweight,crankshaft balance weight曲柄轴crankaxle偏心轴eccentric type crankshaft曲拐轴crankthrow type crankshaft连杆connecting rod连杆大头crank pin end连杆小头piston pin end曲轴crankshaft主轴颈main journal曲柄crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销crank pin曲拐crank throw曲拐机构crank-toggle阀盘valve disc阀杆valve stem阀座valve seat阀板valve plate阀盖valve cage阀罩valve cover阀升程限制器valve lift guard阀升程valve lift阀孔valve port吸气口suction inlet压缩机气阀compressor valve吸气阀suction valve排气阀delivery valve圆盘阀disc valve环片阀ring plate valve簧片阀reed valve舌状阀cantilever valve条状阀beam valve提升阀poppet valve菌状阀mushroom valve杯状阀tulip valve缸径cylinder bore余隙容积clearance volume附加余隙（补充余隙）clearance pocket活塞排量swept volume,piston displacement理论排量theoretical displacement实际排量actual displacement实际输气量actual displacement,actual output of gas气缸工作容积working volume of the cylinder活塞行程容积piston displacement气缸cylinder 气缸体cylinder block气缸壁cylinder wall水冷套water cooled jacket气缸盖（气缸头）cylinder head安全盖（假盖）safety head假盖false head活塞环piston ring气环sealing ring刮油环scraper ring油环scrape ring活塞销piston pin活塞piston活塞行程piston stroke吸气行程suction stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke压缩行程compression stroke排气行程discharge stroke升压压缩机booster compressor立式压缩机vertical compressor卧式压缩机horizontal compressor角度式压缩机angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机absorption refrigerating machine吸收式制冷系统absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统intermittent absoprtion system连续循环吸收式系统continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷solid absorption refrigeration氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine单级氨-水吸收式制冷机single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 多级氨-水吸收式制冷机multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 双级氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生和双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process 分解decomposition水解hydrolysis扩散diffusion能量增强剂energy booster缓蚀剂anticorrsive发生不足incomplete boiling吸收不足incomplete absorption喷淋密度sprinkle density溴化锂lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液aqueous solution of lithium bromide 氨水溶液aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂absorbent,absorbing agent吸附剂adsorbent溶液solution浓度concentration溶解度solubility溶剂solvent溶质solute浓溶液rich solution,concentrated solution稀溶液weak solution,diluted solution溶液分压partial pressure of liquor吸收absorption吸附adsorption吸收式制冷absorption refrigeration吸附式制冷adsorption refrigeration工质对working substance热力系数heat ratio放气范围deflation ratio焓-浓度图enthalpy concentration chart溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine 溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组lithiumbromide absorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump 蒸汽型吸收式制冷机steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机hot water operated absorption refrigerating machine发生器generator沉浸式发生器submerged generator 喷淋式发生器spray-type generator立式降膜式发生器vertical falling film generator直燃式发生器direct-fired generator高压发生器high pressure generator低压发生器low pressure generator吸收器absorber喷淋式吸收器spray absorber降膜式吸收器falling film absorber立式降膜式吸收器vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器horizontal falling film absorber 喷淋装置spray system溶液换热器solution heat exchanger溶晶管anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置purging system精馏器rectifier屏蔽泵shield pump发生器泵generator pump吸收器泵absorber pump蒸发器泵evaporator pump溶液泵solution pump氨水泵aqua-ammonia pump混合阀mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能solar energy太阳常数solar constant太阳能系统solar energy system被动式太阳能系统passive solar energy system主动式太阳能系统active solar energy system混合式太阳能系统hybrid solar energy system太阳能制冷solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷solarpowered cooling太阳能吸收式制冷机solar absorption refrigerating machine光-热转换制冷photothermal refrigeration光-电转换制冷photoelectrical refrigeration太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机continual solar absorption refrigerating machine间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置solar air-conditioning system太阳能制冷系统solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器solar collector选择式吸收表面selective absorber surface电淀积electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器flat plate solar collector真空管太阳能集热器tubular solar collector,vacuum tube collector聚光型太阳能机热器focus solar collector集热量heat-collecting capacity集热温度heat-collecting temperature集热效率heat-collecting efficiency蓄热介质heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器rock storge container辅助热源supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统solar energy storge system太阳能供热系统solar heating system,solar space heating installation自然循环闭式供水系统natural convection closed water system强制循环闭式供水系统forced convection in a closed water system热风供热系统warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管heat pipe深冷热管cryogenic heat pipe低温热管low temperature heat pipe中温热管moderate temperature heat pipe高温热管liquid metal heat pipe管芯wick相容性compatibility传热极限heat transport limitation重力热管gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器heat pipe surgery cryoprobe余热exhaust heat低温余热low temperature exhaust heat余热制冷utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine动力-制冷循环power/refrigeration cycle透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流swirl叶片颤振blade flutter叶片通过频率blade passing frequency喘振surging脱流stall叶轮反应度(反作用度) impeller reaction 叶轮impeller半开式叶轮unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮shrouded impeller叶片blade,vane导流叶片组件pre-rotary vane assembly扩压器diffuser蜗壳scroll滑动slip透平压缩机turbocompressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor轴流式压缩机axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机subsonic compressor超音速压缩机supersonic compressor冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔atmpspheric cooling tower，natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔spray cooling tower拉西环Rasching rings温度接近值approach水垢scale水垢抑制剂scale inhibitor藻类algae防藻剂algaecide淀渣slime升压阀back-up valve冷水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower凉水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower冷却塔water cooling tower，cooling tower喷水池spray pond干式冷水塔dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔wet-dry cooling tower冷水塔填料packing of cooling tower，fill of cooling tower膜式填料film packing帘栅形填料grid packing，grid fill片式填料plate packing，plate fill松散填料random packing，random fill飞溅式填料splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器turbine cooler温降temperature drops开式循环open cycle闭式循环closed cycle除水water elimination补气air supply回热式空气制冷循环regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统aircraft air-conditioning system 增压式飞机空调系统"Bootstrap" system冲压空气ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节flow regulation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve 过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve流量调节flow regualation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve 过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀constant pressure expansion valve能量调节capacity regulator单机能量调节capacity regulation of single unit卸载能量调节capacity regulation of load drainage 程序指令式能量调节系统capacity regulation system of program order电磁阀solenoid valve电磁滑阀magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机steam-jet refrigerating machine 蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统steam jet refrigerating system 蒸汽喷射器steam ejector主喷射器main ejector辅助喷射器auxiliary ejector喷射系数jet coefficient主冷凝器main condenser辅助冷凝器auxiliary condenser多效蒸发multieffective evaporation高位安装high-level installation低位安装low-level installation高低位安装high-low-level installation臭氧层保护英语臭氧ozone臭氧层ozonesphere,ozone layer臭氧层破坏ozonesphere depletion,ozonesphere disturbance消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances（ODS）禁用制冷剂forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂transition refrigerant替代制冷剂substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂natural refrigerant氟利昂家族freon group全氟代烃fluorocarbon （FC）氯氟烃chloroflurocarbon（CFC）氢氟烃hydrofluorocarbon（HCF）含氢氯氟烃hydrochloroflurocarbon（HCFC）含氢氯化烃hydrochlorocarbon（HCC）全氯化烃polychlorocarbon（PCC）哈龙Halon共沸混合物azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound,hydrocarbon （HC）臭氧消耗潜能值ozone depletion potential（ODP）温室效应greenhouse effect全球变暖global warming京都议定书kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值global warming potential（GWP）变暖影响总当量total equivalent warming impact （TEWI）寿命期气候性能life cycle climate performance （LCCP）蕴含能量embodied energy不易收集的排放fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration温差电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration半导体制冷semiconductor refrigeration热电效应thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应Peltier effect热电制冷效应thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应Thomson effect焦耳效应Joule effect傅里叶效应Fourier effect温差电动势thermoelectric power塞贝克系数Seebeck coefficient优值系数figure of merit热电堆thermoelectric pile温差电堆thermoelectric pile最佳电流optimum current 经济电流economic current热电半导体thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料thermoelectric material热电制冷材料thermoelectric cooling materialn型半导体n-type semiconductorsp型半导体p-type semiconductors半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigerating unit热电制冷器thermoelectric refrigerating unit热电空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体恒温器thermoelectric thermostat半导体冷饮水器thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵thermoelectric heat pump半导体降温机thermoelectric dehumidifier低温半导体制冷器low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit粘接式半导体制冷器sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit嵌装式半导体制冷器inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit复叠式半导体制冷器cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit医用半导体制冷器medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统open brine system闭式盐水系统closed brine system盐水箱brine bank盐水混合箱brine mixing tank盐水溢流箱brine return tank盐水回流箱brine return tank盐水膨胀箱brine balance tank盐水加热器brine heater盐水冷却器brine cooler盐水筒brine drum盐水集管brine header盐水泵brine pump盐水喷雾brine spray盐水喷淋brine sparge制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况operating conditions标准性能standard rating标准工况standard condition空调工况air conditioning condition内部条件internal conditions外部条件external conditions蓄热accumulation of heat蓄冷accumulation of cold制冰能力ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance容积效率volumetric efficiency容积输气量vulumetric displacement实际输气量actual displacement理论输气量theoretical displacement冷凝热量condenser heat过冷热量heat of subcooling过热热量superheat运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions标准制冷量standard rating名义工况normal conditions试验工况test conditions轴功率brake power效率efficiency指示效率indicated efficiency机械效率mechanical efficiency总效率overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance （COP）制冷压缩机的制冷系数refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance热力完善度thermodynamical perfectness能效比energy efficiency ratio （EER）热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热（减湿）制冷量useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of air conditioner空调器有效总制冷量useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant 单位压缩功compress work per mass示功图indicator diagram指示功indicated work摩擦功frictional work功率power摩擦功率frictional power指示功率indicated power理论功率idea power制冷量refrigerating capacity总制冷量gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume制冷系统制冷量system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity 蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation，refrigerating plant工业制冷装置industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置commercial refrigerating plant中心站房central station成套机组self-contained system规范安装code installation制冷回路refrigerating circuit热平衡heat balance货物负荷product load操作负荷service load设计负荷design load负荷系数load factor制冷装置试验与操作试运转commissioning吹污flush气密性试验gas-tight test，air-right test密闭容器closed container漏气air infiltration放气air vent检漏leak hunting，leak detection检漏仪leak detector卤素灯halide torch电子检漏仪electronic leak detector真空试验vacuum test试验压力test pressure工作压力operating pressure，working pressure最高工作压力highest operating pressure气密试验压力gas-tight test pressure设计压力design pressure平衡压力balance pressure充气aerate，gas charging制冷剂充注refrigerant charging首次充注initial charge保护充注holding charge，service charge制冷剂不足lack of refrigerant，under-charge，gas shortage缺液starveling充灌台charging board充灌量charge充注过多overcharge供液过多overfeeding制冷剂抽空pump down of refrigerant降温试验pull down test制冷[功能]试验refrigeration test卸载起动no-load starting，unloaded start卸载机构unloader闪发flash vaporization，instantaneous vaporization 闪发气体flash gas不凝性气体non condensable gas气体排除gas purging，degassing，gasoff 阀针跳动hammering，needle hammer阀振荡hunting of a valve阀片跳动valve flutter，valve bounce短期循环short-cycling异常温升overheating泄漏leak气蚀cavitation制冷剂瓶refrigerant cylinder，gas bottle检修用瓶service cylinder，gas bottle紧急泄放阀emergency-relief valve检修阀service valve安全阀pressure relief valve抽空阀pump out valve加油阀oil charge valve放油阀oil drain valve放空阀purge valve充灌阀charging valve喷液阀liquid injection valve润滑油润滑油lubricant oil冷冻机油refrigeration oil冷冻油refrigerant oil凝点condensation point闪点flash point浊点cloud point絮凝点flock point流动点pour point起泡foaming皂化saponify油泥sludge结碳carbonization制冷剂制冷剂（制冷工质）refrigerant高温制冷剂high temperature refrigerant低压制冷剂low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂medium temperature refrigerant 中压制冷剂medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂low temperature refrigerant高压制冷剂high pressure refrigerant氟利昂freon卤化碳制冷剂halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14 氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷methane乙烷ethane丙烷propane丁烷butane异丁烷isobutane乙烯ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compund refrigerant 氨ammonia二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide干冰dry ice共沸制冷剂azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器vertical-type evaporator平行管蒸发器receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器submerged evaporator板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator螺旋板式蒸发器spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator，tube-in-sheet evaporator管板式蒸发器tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器forced circulation evaporator冷液式蒸发器liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器wrap-round evaporator蒸发器evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器direct evaporator直接式蒸发器direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器indirect evaporator干式蒸发器dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器pump-feed evaporator冷凝器英语冷凝器condenser冷凝液condensate空冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器natural convecton air-cooled condenser强制通风式冷凝器forced draught condenser冷凝风机condensate fan线绕式冷凝器wire and tube condenser水冷式冷凝器water-cooled condenser沉浸式盘管冷凝器submerged coil condenser套管式冷凝器double pipe condenser壳管式冷凝器shell and tube condenser组合式冷凝器multishell condenser卧式壳管式冷凝器closed shell and tube condenser 卧式冷凝器closed condenser立式壳管式冷凝器open shell and tube condenser 立式冷凝器open condenser，vertical condenser 壳盘管式冷凝器shell and coil condenser分隔式冷凝器split condenser淋激式冷凝器atmospheric condenser溢流式冷凝器bleeder-type condenser蒸发式冷凝器evaporative condenser板式冷凝器plate-type condenser空冷板式冷凝器air-cooled plate-type condenser 水冷板式冷凝器water-cooled plate-type condenser焊接板式冷凝器welded sheet condenser螺旋板式冷凝器spiral sheet condenser冷凝-贮液器condenser-receiver混合式冷凝器barometric condenser液化器liquefier冷凝水泵condensate pump 冷凝器梳condensate comb预冷盘管desuperheating coil过冷器subcooler中间冷却器intercooler盐水冷却器brine cooler气-液回热器liquid or suction heat exchanger回热器superheater紊流器turbulator预冷器precooler级间冷却器interstage cooler饮水冷却器drinking-water cooler喷泉式饮水冷却器bubbler-type drinking water cooler冷藏间冷却器cold-storage cooler盐水（水）冷却器brine（water）cooler空气冷却器air cooler，forced draught干式空气冷却器dry-type air cooler强制循环空气冷却器forced-circulation air cooler 自然对流空气冷却器natural-convection air cooler 空气冷却机组air-cooler unit蒸发盘管干燥盘管drier coil冷却盘管cooling coil蒸发盘管expansion coil蓄冷盘管hold-voer coil直接蒸发盘管direct expansion coil制冷剂分配器refrigerant distributor支承板tube support蓄冷板hold-over plate共晶混合物板eutectic plate折流板baffle滴水盘drip tray冷藏库排管冷却排管cooling coil，cooling grid冷却排管组cooling battery顶排管overhead coil墙排管wall coil，wall grid蓄冷排管hold-over coil，hold-over grid蓄冷板hold-over plate管道与附件配管tubing空调制冷配管ACR tubing管道piping，tubing制冷管路refrigeration pipe line系统酸状况acid condition system退火annealing加压元件pressure imposing element检修门access door。
冷水机组 毕业设计外文翻译
英文翻译Chilled Water Systems[1]Chilled water systems were used in less than 4% of commercial buildings in the U.S. in 1995. However, because chillers are usually installed in larger buildings, chillers cooled over 28% of the U.S. commercial building floor space that same year (DOE, 1998). Five types of chillers are commonly applied to commercial buildings: reciprocating, screw, scroll, centrifugal, and absorption. The first four utilize the vapor compression cycle to produce chilled water. They differ primarily in the type of compressor used. Absorption chillers utilize thermal energy (typically steam or combustion source) in an absorption cycle with either an ammonia-water or water-lithium bromide solution to produce chilled water.Overall SystemFigure 4.2.2 shows a simple representation of a dual chiller application with all the major auxiliary equipment. An estimated 86% of chillers are applied in multiple chiller arrangements like that shown in the figure (Bitondo and Tozzi, 1999). In chilled water systems, return water from the building is circulated through each chiller evaporator where it is cooled to an acceptable temperature (typically 4 to 7°C) (39 to 45°F). The chilled water is then distributed to water-to-air heat exchangers spread throughout the facility. In these heat exchangers, air is cooled and dehumidified by the cold water. During the process, the chilled water increases in temperature and must be returned to the chiller(s).The chillers shown in Figure 4.2.2 are water-cooled chillers. Water is circulated through the condenser of each chiller where it absorbs heat energy rejected from the high pressure refrigerant. The water is then pumped to a cooling tower where the water is cooled through an evaporation process. Cooling towers are described in a later section. Chillers can also be air cooled. In this configuration, the condenserwould be a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger with air absorbing the heat energy rejected by the high pressure refrigerant.Chillers nominally range in capacities from 30 to 18,000 kW (8 to 5100 ton). Most chillers sold in the U.S. are electric and utilize vapor compression refrigeration to produce chilled water. Compressors for these systems are either reciprocating, screw, scroll, or centrifugal in design. A small number of centrifugal chillers are sold that use either an internal combustion engine or steam drive instead of an electric motor to drive the compressor.[1]节选自James B. Bradford et al. “HVAC Equipment and Systems”.Handbook of Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning.Ed. Jan F. Kreider.Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC. 2001FIGURE 4.2.2 A dual chiller application with major auxiliary systems (courtesy of Carrier Corporation).The type of chiller used in a building depends on the application. For large office buildings or in chiller plants serving multiple buildings, centrifugal compressors are often used. In applications under 1000 kW (280 tons) cooling capacities, reciprocating or screw chillers may be more appropriate. In smaller applications, below 100 kW (30 tons), reciprocating or scroll chillers are typically used.Vapor Compression ChillersTable 4.2.5 shows the nominal capacity ranges for the four types of electrically driven vapor compression chillers. Each chiller derives its name from the type of compressor used in the chiller. The systems range in capacities from the smallest scroll (30 kW; 8 tons) to the largest centrifugal (18,000 kW; 5000 tons).Chillers can utilize either an HCFC (R-22 andR-123) or HFC (R-134a) refrigerant. The steady state efficiency of chillers is often stated as a ratio of the power input (in kW) to the chilling capacity (in tons). A capacity rating of one ton is equal to 3.52 kW or 12,000 btu/h. With this measure of efficiency, the smaller number is better. As seen in Table 4.2.5, centrifugal chillers are the most efficient; whereas, reciprocating chillers have the worst efficiency of the four types. The efficiency numbers provided in the table are the steady state full-load efficiency determined in accordance to ASHRAE Standard 30 (ASHRAE, 1995). These efficiency numbers do not include the auxiliary equipment, such as pumps and cooling tower fans that can add from 0.06 to 0.31 kW/ton to the numbers shown (Smit et al., 1996).Chillers run at part load capacity most of the time. Only during the highest thermal loadsin the building will a chiller operate near its rated capacity. As a consequence, it is important to know how the efficiency of the chiller varies with part load capacity. Figure 4.2.3 shows a representative data for the efficiency (in kW/ton) as a function of percentage full load capacity for a reciprocating, screw, and scroll chiller plus a centrifugal chiller with inlet vane control and one with variable frequency drive (VFD) for the compressor. The reciprocating chiller increases in efficiency as it operates at a smaller percentage of full load. In contrast, the efficiency of a centrifugal with inlet vane control is relatively constant until theload falls to about 60% of its rated capacity and its kW/ton increases to almost twice its fully loaded value.FIGURE 4.2.3 Chiller efficiency as a function of percentage of full load capacity.In 1998, the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) developed a new standard that incorporates into their ratings part load performance of chillers (ARI 1998c). Part load efficiency is expressed by a single number called the integrated part load value (IPLV). The IPLV takes data similar to that in Figure 4.2.3 and weights it at the 25%, 50%,75%, and 100% loads to produce a single integrated efficiency number. The weighting factors at these loads are 0.12, 0.45, 0.42, and 0.01, respectively. The equation to determine IPLV is:Most of the IPLV is determined by the efficiency at the 50% and 75% part load values. Manufacturers will provide, on request, IPLVs as well as part load efficiencies such as those shown in Figure 4.2.3.FIGURE 4.2.4 Volume-pressure relationships for a reciprocating compressor.The four compressors used in vapor compression chillers are each briefly described below. While centrifugal and screw compressors are primarily used in chiller applications, reciprocating and scroll compressors are also used in smaller unitary packaged air conditioners and heat pumps.Reciprocating CompressorsThe reciprocating compressor is a positive displacement compressor. On the intake stroke of the piston, a fixed amount of gas is pulled into the cylinder. On the compressionstroke, the gas is compressed until the discharge valve opens. The quantity of gas compressed on each stroke is equal to the displacement of the cylinder. Compressors used in chillers have multiple cylinders, depending on the capacity of the compressor. Reciprocating compressors use refrigerants with low specific volumes and relatively high pressures. Most reciprocating chillers used in building applications currently employ R-22.Modern high-speed reciprocating compressors are generally limited to a pressure ratio of approximately nine. The reciprocating compressor is basically a constant-volumevariable-head machine. It handles variousdischarge pressures with relatively small changes in inlet-volume flow rate as shown by the heavy line (labeled 16 cylinders) in Figure 4.2.4. Condenser operation in many chillers is related to ambient conditions, for example, through cooling towers, so that on cooler days the condenser pressure can be reduced. When the air conditioning load is lowered, less refrigerant circulation is required. The resulting load characteristic is represented by the solid line that runs from the upper right to lower left of Figure 4.2.4.The compressor must be capable of matching the pressure and flow requirements imposed by the system. The reciprocating compressor matches the imposed discharge pressure at any level up to its limiting pressure ratio. Varying capacity requirements can be met by providing devices that unloadindividual or multiple cylinders. This unloading is accomplished by blocking the suction or discharge valves that open either manually or automatically. Capacity can also be controlled through the use of variable speed or multi-speed motors. When capacity control is implemented on a compressor, other factors at part-load conditions need to considered, such as (a) effect on compressor vibration and sound when unloaders are used, (b) the need for good oil return because of lower refrigerant velocities, and (c) proper functioning of expansion devices at the lower capacities.With most reciprocating compressors, oil is pumped into the refrigeration system from the compressor during normal operation. Systems must be designed carefully to return oil to the compressor crankcase to provide for continuous lubrication and also to avoid contaminating heat-exchanger surfaces.Reciprocating compressors usually are arranged to start unloaded so that normal torque motors are adequate for starting. When gas engines are used for reciprocating compressor drives, careful matching of the torque requirements of the compressor and engine must be considered.FIGURE 4.2.5 Illustration of a twin-screw compressor design (courtesy of CarrierCorporation).Screw CompressorsScrew compressors, first introduced in 1958 (Thevenot, 1979), are positive displacement compressors. They are available in the capacity ranges that overlap with reciprocating compressors and small centrifugal compressors. Both twin-screw and single-screw compressors are used in chillers. The twin-screw compressor is also called the helical rotary compressor. Figure 4.2.5 shows a cutaway of a twin-screw compressor design. There are two main rotors (screws). One is designated male (4 in the figure) and the other female (6 in the figure).The compression process is accomplished by reducing the volume of the refrigerant with the rotary motion of screws. At the low pressure side of the compressor, a void is created when the rotors begin to unmesh. Low pressure gas is drawn into the void between the rotors. As the rotors continue to turn, the gas is progressively compressed as it moves toward the discharge port. Once reaching a predetermined volume ratio, the discharge port is uncovered and the gas is discharged into the high pressure side of the system. At a rotation speed of 3600 rpm, a screw compressor has over 14,000 discharges per minute (ASHRAE, 1996).Fixed suction and discharge ports are used with screw compressors instead of valves, as used in reciprocating compressors. These set the built-in volume ratio — the ratio of the volume of fluid space in the meshing rotors at the beginning of the compression process to the volume in the rotors as the discharge port is first exposed. Associated with the built-in volume ratio is a pressure ratio that depends on the properties of the refrigerant being compressed. Screw compressors have the capability to operate at pressure ratios of above 20:1 (ASHRAE, 1996). Peak efficiency is obtained if the discharge pressure imposed by the system matchesthe pressure developed by the rotors when the discharge port is exposed. If the interlobe pressure in the screws is greater or less than discharge pressure, energy losses occur but no harm is done to the compressor.Capacity modulation is accomplished by slide valves that provide a variable suction bypass or delayed suction port closing, reducing the volume of refrigerant compressed. Continuously variable capacity control is most common, but stepped capacity control is offered in some manufacturers’ machines. Variable discharge porting is available on some machines to allow control of the built-in volume ratio during operation.Oil is used in screw compressors to seal the extensive clearance spaces between the rotors, to cool the machines, to provide lubrication, and to serve as hydraulic fluid for the capacity controls. An oil separator is required for the compressor discharge flow to remove the oil from the high-pressure refrigerant so that performance of system heat exchangers will not be penalized and the oil can be returned for reinjection in the compressor.Screw compressors can be direct driven at two-pole motor speeds (50 or 60 Hz). Their rotary motion makes these machines smooth running and quiet. Reliability is high when the machines are applied properly. Screw compressors are compact so they can be changed out readily for replacement or maintenance. The efficiency of the best screw compressors matches or exceeds that of the best reciprocating compressors at full load. High isentropic and volumetric efficiencies can be achieved with screw compressors because there are no suction or discharge valves and small clearance volumes. Screw compressors for building applications generally use either R-134a or R-22.译文冷水机组1995年，在美国，冷水机组应用在至少4％的商用建筑中。
冷水机组 毕业设计外文翻译
英文翻译Chilled Water Systems[1]Chilled water systems were used in less than 4% of commercial buildings in the U.S. in 1995. However, because chillers are usually installed in larger buildings, chillers cooled over 28% of the U.S. commercial building floor space that same year (DOE, 1998). Five types of chillers are commonly applied to commercial buildings: reciprocating, screw, scroll, centrifugal, and absorption. The first four utilize the vapor compression cycle to produce chilled water. They differ primarily in the type of compressor used. Absorption chillers utilize thermal energy (typically steam or combustion source) in an absorption cycle with either an ammonia-water or water-lithium bromide solution to produce chilled water.Overall SystemFigure 4.2.2 shows a simple representation of a dual chiller application with all the major auxiliary equipment. An estimated 86% of chillers are applied in multiple chiller arrangements like that shown in the figure (Bitondo and Tozzi, 1999). In chilled water systems, return water from the building is circulated through each chiller evaporator where it is cooled to an acceptable temperature (typically 4 to 7°C) (39 to 45°F). The chilled water is then distributed to water-to-air heat exchangers spread throughout the facility. In these heat exchangers, air is cooled and dehumidified by the cold water. During the process, the chilled water increases in temperature and must be returned to the chiller(s).The chillers shown in Figure 4.2.2 are water-cooled chillers. Water is circulated through the condenser of each chiller where it absorbs heat energy rejected from the high pressure refrigerant. The water is then pumped to a cooling tower where the water is cooled through an evaporation process. Cooling towers are described in a later section. Chillers can also be air cooled. In this configuration, the condenserwould be a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger with air absorbing the heat energy rejected by the high pressure refrigerant.Chillers nominally range in capacities from 30 to 18,000 kW (8 to 5100 ton). Most chillers sold in the U.S. are electric and utilize vapor compression refrigeration to produce chilled water. Compressors for these systems are either reciprocating, screw, scroll, or centrifugal in design. A small number of centrifugal chillers are sold that use either an internal combustion engine or steam drive instead of an electric motor to drive the compressor.[1]节选自James B. Bradford et al. “HVAC Equipment and Systems”.Handbook of Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning.Ed. Jan F. Kreider.Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC. 2001FIGURE 4.2.2 A dual chiller application with major auxiliary systems (courtesy of Carrier Corporation).The type of chiller used in a building depends on the application. For large office buildings or in chiller plants serving multiple buildings, centrifugal compressors are often used. In applications under 1000 kW (280 tons) cooling capacities, reciprocating or screw chillers may be more appropriate. In smaller applications, below 100 kW (30 tons), reciprocating or scroll chillers are typically used.Vapor Compression ChillersTable 4.2.5 shows the nominal capacity ranges for the four types of electrically driven vapor compression chillers. Each chiller derives its name from the type of compressor used in the chiller. The systems range in capacities from the smallest scroll (30 kW; 8 tons) to the largest centrifugal (18,000 kW; 5000 tons).Chillers can utilize either an HCFC (R-22 andR-123) or HFC (R-134a) refrigerant. The steady state efficiency of chillers is often stated as a ratio of the power input (in kW) to the chilling capacity (in tons). A capacity rating of one ton is equal to 3.52 kW or 12,000 btu/h. With this measure of efficiency, the smaller number is better. As seen in Table 4.2.5, centrifugal chillers are the most efficient; whereas, reciprocating chillers have the worst efficiency of the four types. The efficiency numbers provided in the table are the steady state full-load efficiency determined in accordance to ASHRAE Standard 30 (ASHRAE, 1995). These efficiency numbers do not include the auxiliary equipment, such as pumps and cooling tower fans that can add from 0.06 to 0.31 kW/ton to the numbers shown (Smit et al., 1996).Chillers run at part load capacity most of the time. Only during the highest thermal loadsin the building will a chiller operate near its rated capacity. As a consequence, it is important to know how the efficiency of the chiller varies with part load capacity. Figure 4.2.3 shows a representative data for the efficiency (in kW/ton) as a function of percentage full load capacity for a reciprocating, screw, and scroll chiller plus a centrifugal chiller with inlet vane control and one with variable frequency drive (VFD) for the compressor. The reciprocating chiller increases in efficiency as it operates at a smaller percentage of full load. In contrast, the efficiency of a centrifugal with inlet vane control is relatively constant until theload falls to about 60% of its rated capacity and its kW/ton increases to almost twice its fully loaded value.FIGURE 4.2.3 Chiller efficiency as a function of percentage of full load capacity.In 1998, the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) developed a new standard that incorporates into their ratings part load performance of chillers (ARI 1998c). Part load efficiency is expressed by a single number called the integrated part load value (IPLV). The IPLV takes data similar to that in Figure 4.2.3 and weights it at the 25%, 50%,75%, and 100% loads to produce a single integrated efficiency number. The weighting factors at these loads are 0.12, 0.45, 0.42, and 0.01, respectively. The equation to determine IPLV is:Most of the IPLV is determined by the efficiency at the 50% and 75% part load values. Manufacturers will provide, on request, IPLVs as well as part load efficiencies such as those shown in Figure 4.2.3.FIGURE 4.2.4 Volume-pressure relationships for a reciprocating compressor.The four compressors used in vapor compression chillers are each briefly described below. While centrifugal and screw compressors are primarily used in chiller applications, reciprocating and scroll compressors are also used in smaller unitary packaged air conditioners and heat pumps.Reciprocating CompressorsThe reciprocating compressor is a positive displacement compressor. On the intake stroke of the piston, a fixed amount of gas is pulled into the cylinder. On the compressionstroke, the gas is compressed until the discharge valve opens. The quantity of gas compressed on each stroke is equal to the displacement of the cylinder. Compressors used in chillers have multiple cylinders, depending on the capacity of the compressor. Reciprocating compressors use refrigerants with low specific volumes and relatively high pressures. Most reciprocating chillers used in building applications currently employ R-22.Modern high-speed reciprocating compressors are generally limited to a pressure ratio of approximately nine. The reciprocating compressor is basically a constant-volumevariable-head machine. It handles variousdischarge pressures with relatively small changes in inlet-volume flow rate as shown by the heavy line (labeled 16 cylinders) in Figure 4.2.4. Condenser operation in many chillers is related to ambient conditions, for example, through cooling towers, so that on cooler days the condenser pressure can be reduced. When the air conditioning load is lowered, less refrigerant circulation is required. The resulting load characteristic is represented by the solid line that runs from the upper right to lower left of Figure 4.2.4.The compressor must be capable of matching the pressure and flow requirements imposed by the system. The reciprocating compressor matches the imposed discharge pressure at any level up to its limiting pressure ratio. Varying capacity requirements can be met by providing devices that unloadindividual or multiple cylinders. This unloading is accomplished by blocking the suction or discharge valves that open either manually or automatically. Capacity can also be controlled through the use of variable speed or multi-speed motors. When capacity control is implemented on a compressor, other factors at part-load conditions need to considered, such as (a) effect on compressor vibration and sound when unloaders are used, (b) the need for good oil return because of lower refrigerant velocities, and (c) proper functioning of expansion devices at the lower capacities.With most reciprocating compressors, oil is pumped into the refrigeration system from the compressor during normal operation. Systems must be designed carefully to return oil to the compressor crankcase to provide for continuous lubrication and also to avoid contaminating heat-exchanger surfaces.Reciprocating compressors usually are arranged to start unloaded so that normal torque motors are adequate for starting. When gas engines are used for reciprocating compressor drives, careful matching of the torque requirements of the compressor and engine must be considered.FIGURE 4.2.5 Illustration of a twin-screw compressor design (courtesy of CarrierCorporation).Screw CompressorsScrew compressors, first introduced in 1958 (Thevenot, 1979), are positive displacement compressors. They are available in the capacity ranges that overlap with reciprocating compressors and small centrifugal compressors. Both twin-screw and single-screw compressors are used in chillers. The twin-screw compressor is also called the helical rotary compressor. Figure 4.2.5 shows a cutaway of a twin-screw compressor design. There are two main rotors (screws). One is designated male (4 in the figure) and the other female (6 in the figure).The compression process is accomplished by reducing the volume of the refrigerant with the rotary motion of screws. At the low pressure side of the compressor, a void is created when the rotors begin to unmesh. Low pressure gas is drawn into the void between the rotors. As the rotors continue to turn, the gas is progressively compressed as it moves toward the discharge port. Once reaching a predetermined volume ratio, the discharge port is uncovered and the gas is discharged into the high pressure side of the system. At a rotation speed of 3600 rpm, a screw compressor has over 14,000 discharges per minute (ASHRAE, 1996).Fixed suction and discharge ports are used with screw compressors instead of valves, as used in reciprocating compressors. These set the built-in volume ratio — the ratio of the volume of fluid space in the meshing rotors at the beginning of the compression process to the volume in the rotors as the discharge port is first exposed. Associated with the built-in volume ratio is a pressure ratio that depends on the properties of the refrigerant being compressed. Screw compressors have the capability to operate at pressure ratios of above 20:1 (ASHRAE, 1996). Peak efficiency is obtained if the discharge pressure imposed by the system matchesthe pressure developed by the rotors when the discharge port is exposed. If the interlobe pressure in the screws is greater or less than discharge pressure, energy losses occur but no harm is done to the compressor.Capacity modulation is accomplished by slide valves that provide a variable suction bypass or delayed suction port closing, reducing the volume of refrigerant compressed. Continuously variable capacity control is most common, but stepped capacity control is offered in some manufacturers’ machines. Variable discharge porting is available on some machines to allow control of the built-in volume ratio during operation.Oil is used in screw compressors to seal the extensive clearance spaces between the rotors, to cool the machines, to provide lubrication, and to serve as hydraulic fluid for the capacity controls. An oil separator is required for the compressor discharge flow to remove the oil from the high-pressure refrigerant so that performance of system heat exchangers will not be penalized and the oil can be returned for reinjection in the compressor.Screw compressors can be direct driven at two-pole motor speeds (50 or 60 Hz). Their rotary motion makes these machines smooth running and quiet. Reliability is high when the machines are applied properly. Screw compressors are compact so they can be changed out readily for replacement or maintenance. The efficiency of the best screw compressors matches or exceeds that of the best reciprocating compressors at full load. High isentropic and volumetric efficiencies can be achieved with screw compressors because there are no suction or discharge valves and small clearance volumes. Screw compressors for building applications generally use either R-134a or R-22.译文冷水机组1995年，在美国，冷水机组应用在至少4％的商用建筑中。
制冷专业英语大全
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷 refrigeration蒸发制冷evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋 desert bag制冷机 refrigerating machine制冷机械 refrigerating machinery 制冷工程refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商refrigeration contractor制冷工作者 refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer制冷技术员refrigeration technician制冷技师refrigeration technician制冷技工 refrigeration mechanic 冷藏工人 icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman冷藏链 cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop 冷藏 refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器 heat exchanger热交换器 heat exchanger紧凑式换热器compact heat exchanger管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器surface type heat exchanger表面式换热器surface type heat exchanger板管式换热器 tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器 plate heat exchanger 螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器 parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器counter flow heat exchanger*流式换热器cross-flow heat echanger折流式换热器 turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器 heat pipe exchanger 蓄热器 recuperator壳管式换热器 shell and tube heat exchanger管板 tube plate可拆端盖 removable head管束 bundle of tube管束尺寸 size of tube bundle顺排管束 in-line hank of tubes 错排管束 staggered hank of tubes 盘管 coil蛇形管 serpentine coilU形管 U-tube光管 bare tube肋片管 finned tube翅片管 finned tube肋管 finned tube肋管束 finned tube bundle肋片 fin套片 plate fin螺旋肋 spiral fin整体肋 integral fin 纵向肋 longitudinal fin钢丝肋 wire fin内肋 inner fin肋片管尺寸 size of fin tube肋片厚度 fin thickness肋距 spacing of fin肋片数 pitch of fin肋片长度 finned length肋片高度 finned height肋效率 fin efficiency换热面积 heat exchange surface 传热面积 heat exchange surface 冷却面积 cooling surface加热表面 heat exchange surface 基表面 primary surface扩展表面 extended surface肋化表面 finned surface迎风表面 face area流通表面 flow area净截面积net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速 face velocity净截面流速air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速 face velocity of mass净截面质量流速 mass velocity at net area冷（热）媒有效流通面积 effective area for cooling or heating medium 冷（热）媒流速 velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition；sensible cooling condition 湿工况wet condition；dehumidifying condition接触系数 contact factor旁通系数 bypass factor换热效率系数 coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力 air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却 surface cooling蒸发冷却 evaporating cooling冷却元件 cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应Ranque-Hilscheffect涡流管制冷vortex tube refrigeration涡流管 vortex tube兰克管 Ranque tube膨胀喷嘴 expansion injector涡流室 vortex device分离孔板 separation orifice调节阀 control valve膨胀压力比expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量 cold gas fraction热气流分量 hot gas fraction冷却效应 cooling effect加热效应 heating effect冷却效率 cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应 magnetocaloric effect磁制冷 magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机 magnetic refrigerating machine磁冰箱 magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统 refrigeration system制冷机 refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system 蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system 压缩式系统 compression system压缩机 compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor,refrigerant compressor吸气端 suction end排气端 discharge end低压侧 low pressure side高压侧 high pressure side蒸发压力 evaporating pressure吸气压力suction pressure,back pressure排气压力 discharge pressure蒸发温度 evaporating temperature 冷凝压力 condensing pressure冷凝温度 condensing temperature 吸气温度 suction temperature回气温度 back temperature排气温度 discharge temperature 压缩比 compression ratio双效压缩 dual compression 单级压缩single-stage compression双级压缩 compound compression多级压缩 multistage compression 压缩级 compression stage低压级 low pressure stage高压级 high pressure stage中间压力 intermediate pressure中间冷却 intercooling多级膨胀 multistage expansion湿压缩 wet compression干压缩 dry compression制冷系统 refrigerating system机械制冷系统mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统 ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system 双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system 多级制冷系统multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统direct refrigeration system 直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统indirect refrigeration system融霜系统 defrosting system热气融霜系统 defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障breakdown of therefrigerating system冰堵 freeze-up冰塞 ice plug脏堵 filth blockage油堵 greasy blockage液击（冲缸、敲缸） slugging湿行程 wet stroke镀铜现象appearance of copper-plating烧毁 burn-out倒霜 frost back制冷机组 refrigerating unit压缩机组 compressor unit开启式压缩机组open type compresssor unit开启式压缩机 open type compressor 半封闭式压缩机组semihermetic compressor unit半封闭式压缩机semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机hermetically sealed compressor压缩冷凝机组 condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组semihermetically sealed condensing unit开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组commercial condensing unit整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机positive displacement compressor往复式压缩机（活塞式压缩机）reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机 rotary compressor滑片式压缩机sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机 single vane rotary compressor 滚动转子式压缩机 rolling rotor compressor三角转子式压缩机 triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机multi-vane rotary compressor滑片 blade旋转活塞式压缩机 rolling piston compressor涡旋式压缩机 scroll compressor涡旋盘 scroll固定涡旋盘stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘driven scroll,orbiting scroll斜盘式压缩机（摇盘式压缩机） swash plate compressor斜盘 swash plate摇盘 wobble plate螺杆式压缩机 screw compressor单螺杆压缩机single screw compressor阴转子 female rotor阳转子 male rotor主转子 main rotor闸转子 gate rotor无油压缩机 oil free compressor膜式压缩机 diaphragm compressor 活塞式压缩机reciprocating compressor单作用压缩机single acting compressor双作用压缩机double acting compressor双效压缩机 dual effect compressor 双缸压缩机twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机closed crankcase compressor开式曲轴箱压缩机 open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机 uniflow compressor 逆流式压缩机return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机dry piston compressor双级压缩机 compund compressor多级压缩机 multistage compressor 差动活塞式压缩机 stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机tandem compressor,dual compressor截止阀 line valve,stop valve排气截止阀 discharge line valve 吸气截止阀 suction line valve部分负荷旁通口 partial duty port 能量调节器 energy regulator容量控制滑阀capacity control slide valve容量控制器 capacity control消声器 muffler联轴节 coupling曲轴箱 crankcase曲轴箱加热器 crankcase heater轴封 crankcase seal,shaft seal 填料盒 stuffing box轴封填料 shaft packing机械密封 mechanical seal 波纹管密封 bellows seal转动密封 rotary seal迷宫密封 labyrinth seal轴承 bearing滑动轴承 sleeve bearing偏心环 eccentric strap滚珠轴承 ball bearing滚柱轴承 roller bearing滚针轴承 needle bearing止推轴承 thrust bearing外轴承 pedestal bearing臼形轴承 footstep bearing轴承箱 bearing housing止推盘 thrust collar偏心销 eccentric pin曲轴平衡块crankshaftcounterweight,crankshaft balance weight曲柄轴 crankaxle偏心轴 eccentric type crankshaft 曲拐轴 crankthrow type crankshaft 连杆 connecting rod连杆大头 crank pin end连杆小头 piston pin end曲轴 crankshaft主轴颈 main journal曲柄 crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销 crank pin曲拐 crank throw曲拐机构 crank-toggle阀盘 valve disc阀杆 valve stem 阀座 valve seat阀板 valve plate阀盖 valve cage阀罩 valve cover阀升程限制器 valve lift guard 阀升程 valve lift阀孔 valve port吸气口 suction inlet压缩机气阀 compressor valve 吸气阀 suction valve排气阀 delivery valve圆盘阀 disc valve环片阀 ring plate valve簧片阀 reed valve舌状阀 cantilever valve条状阀 beam valve提升阀 poppet valve菌状阀 mushroom valve杯状阀 tulip valve缸径 cylinder bore余隙容积 clearance volume附加余隙（补充余隙） clearance pocket活塞排量swept volume,piston displacement理论排量theoretical displacement实际排量 actual displacement实际输气量actual displacement,actual output of gas 气缸工作容积working volume of the cylinder活塞行程容积 piston displacement 气缸 cylinder气缸体 cylinder block气缸壁 cylinder wall水冷套 water cooled jacket气缸盖（气缸头） cylinder head 安全盖（假盖） safety head假盖 false head活塞环 piston ring气环 sealing ring刮油环 scraper ring油环 scrape ring活塞销 piston pin活塞 piston活塞行程 piston stroke吸气行程 suction stroke膨胀行程 expansion stroke压缩行程 compression stroke排气行程 discharge stroke升压压缩机 booster compressor立式压缩机 vertical compressor卧式压缩机 horizontal compressor 角度式压缩机angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机absorption refrigerating machine吸收式制冷系统absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统intermittent absoprtion system连续循环吸收式系统continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷 solid absorption refrigeration氨-水吸收式制冷机 ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 单级氨-水吸收式制冷机single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine多级氨-水吸收式制冷机 multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine双级氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生和双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process分解 decomposition水解 hydrolysis扩散 diffusion能量增强剂 energy booster缓蚀剂 anticorrsive发生不足 incomplete boiling吸收不足 incomplete absorption喷淋密度 sprinkle density溴化锂 lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液 aqueous solution of lithium bromide氨水溶液aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂 absorbent,absorbing agent 吸附剂 adsorbent溶液 solution 浓度 concentration溶解度 solubility溶剂 solvent溶质 solute浓溶液rich solution,concentrated solution稀溶液weak solution,diluted solution溶液分压partial pressure of liquor吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption吸收式制冷absorption refrigeration吸附式制冷adsorption refrigeration工质对 working substance热力系数 heat ratio放气范围 deflation ratio焓-浓度图 enthalpy concentration chart溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine 两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine 单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine 双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine 三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine 两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机 two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine 溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组lithiumbromide absorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump蒸汽型吸收式制冷机steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机hot wateroperated absorption refrigerating machine发生器 generator沉浸式发生器 submerged generator 喷淋式发生器spray-type generator立式降膜式发生器vertical falling film generator直燃式发生器direct-fired generator高压发生器high pressure generator低压发生器 low pressure generator 吸收器 absorber喷淋式吸收器 spray absorber降膜式吸收器falling film absorber 立式降膜式吸收器vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器horizontal falling film absorber喷淋装置 spray system溶液换热器solution heat exchanger溶晶管 anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置 purging system精馏器 rectifier屏蔽泵 shield pump发生器泵 generator pump吸收器泵 absorber pump蒸发器泵 evaporator pump溶液泵 solution pump氨水泵 aqua-ammonia pump混合阀 mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能 solar energy太阳常数 solar constant太阳能系统 solar energy system被动式太阳能系统 passive solar energy system主动式太阳能系统active solar energy system混合式太阳能系统hybrid solar energy system太阳能制冷 solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷 solarpowered cooling太阳能吸收式制冷机solar absorption refrigerating machine 光-热转换制冷photothermal refrigeration 光-电转换制冷photoelectrical refrigeration太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机 solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机continual solar absorption refrigerating machine间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置solar air-conditioning system太阳能制冷系统solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器 solar collector选择式吸收表面selective absorber surface电淀积 electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器flat plate solar collector真空管太阳能集热器 tubular solar collector,vacuum tube collector 聚光型太阳能机热器 focus solar collector集热量 heat-collecting capacity 集热温度heat-collecting temperature集热效率heat-collecting efficiency蓄热介质 heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器rock storge container辅助热源supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统solar energy storge system太阳能供热系统solar heating system,solar space heating installation自然循环闭式供水系统natural convection closed water system强制循环闭式供水系统forced convection in a closed water system热风供热系统warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管 heat pipe深冷热管 cryogenic heat pipe低温热管low temperature heat pipe中温热管moderate temperature heat pipe高温热管 liquid metal heat pipe 管芯 wick相容性 compatibility传热极限heat transport limitation重力热管gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器 heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器 heat pipe surgery cryoprobe余热 exhaust heat低温余热 low temperature exhaust heat 余热制冷 utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平 freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine动力-制冷循环power/refrigeration cycle透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流 swirl叶片颤振 blade flutter叶片通过频率blade passing frequency喘振 surging脱流 stall叶轮反应度(反作用度) impeller reaction叶轮 impeller半开式叶轮 unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮 shrouded impeller叶片 blade,vane导流叶片组件pre-rotary vane assembly扩压器 diffuser蜗壳 scroll滑动 slip透平压缩机 turbocompressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor轴流式压缩机axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机 stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机 flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机 subsonic compressor 超音速压缩机supersonic compressor冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔atmpspheric cooling tower，natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔 film cooling tower 水滴式冷水塔 drop cooling tower 喷雾式冷水塔 spray cooling tower拉西环 Rasching rings温度接近值 approach水垢 scale水垢抑制剂 scale inhibitor藻类 algae防藻剂 algaecide淀渣 slime升压阀 back-up valve冷水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower凉水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower冷却塔water cooling tower，cooling tower喷水池 spray pond干式冷水塔 dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔wet-dry cooling tower冷水塔填料packing of cooling tower，fill of cooling tower膜式填料 film packing帘栅形填料 grid packing，grid fill 片式填料 plate packing，plate fill 松散填料 random packing，random fill飞溅式填料 splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器 turbine cooler温降 temperature drops开式循环 open cycle闭式循环 closed cycle除水 water elimination补气 air supply回热式空气制冷循环 regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统aircraft air-conditioning system增压式飞机空调系统 "Bootstrap" system冲压空气 ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节 flow regulation制冷剂控制器 refrigerant control 膨胀阀 expansion valve节流阀 throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve 热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管 external equalizer pipe 内平衡管 internal equalizer pipe 蒸发器阻力损失 pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注 same material charge 交*充注 cross charge吸附充注 absorptive charge气体充注 gas charge膨胀阀过热度 superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀 hand expansion valve 自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀 float regulation valve 浮球阀 float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve流量调节 flow regualation制冷剂控制器 refrigerant control 膨胀阀 expansion valve节流阀 throttle valve 热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管 external equalizer pipe 内平衡管 internal equalizer pipe 蒸发器阻力损失 pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注 same material charge 交*充注 cross charge吸附充注 absorptive charge气体充注 gas charge膨胀阀过热度 superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀 hand expansion valve 自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀 float regulation valve 浮球阀 float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀constant pressure expansion valve能量调节 capacity regulator 单机能量调节 capacity regulation of single unit卸载能量调节 capacity regulation of load drainage程序指令式能量调节系统 capacity regulation system of program order 电磁阀 solenoid valve电磁滑阀 magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机steam-jet refrigerating machine蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统steam jet refrigerating system蒸汽喷射器 steam ejector主喷射器 main ejector辅助喷射器 auxiliary ejector喷射系数 jet coefficient主冷凝器 main condenser辅助冷凝器 auxiliary condenser多效蒸发multieffective evaporation高位安装 high-level installation 低位安装 low-level installation 高低位安装high-low-level installation 臭氧层保护英语臭氧 ozone臭氧层 ozonesphere,ozone layer臭氧层破坏ozonesphere depletion,ozonesphere disturbance消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances（ODS）禁用制冷剂 forbidden refrigerant 过渡制冷剂transition refrigerant替代制冷剂substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂 natural refrigerant氟利昂家族 freon group全氟代烃 fluorocarbon （FC）氯氟烃 chloroflurocarbon（CFC）氢氟烃 hydrofluorocarbon（HCF）含氢氯氟烃hydrochloroflurocarbon（HCFC）含氢氯化烃hydrochlorocarbon （HCC）全氯化烃 polychlorocarbon（PCC）哈龙 Halon共沸混合物 azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound,hydrocarbon（HC）臭氧消耗潜能值ozone depletion potential（ODP）温室效应 greenhouse effect全球变暖 global warming京都议定书 kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值global warming potential（GWP）变暖影响总当量 total equivalent warming impact（TEWI）寿命期气候性能 life cycle climate performance（LCCP）蕴含能量 embodied energy不易收集的排放fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration温差电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration半导体制冷semiconductor refrigeration热电效应 thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应 Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应 Peltier effect热电制冷效应thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应 Thomson effect焦耳效应 Joule effect傅里叶效应 Fourier effect温差电动势 thermoelectric power 塞贝克系数 Seebeck coefficient 优值系数 figure of merit热电堆 thermoelectric pile温差电堆 thermoelectric pile最佳电流 optimum current经济电流 economic current热电半导体thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料 thermoelectric material 热电制冷材料thermoelectric cooling material n型半导体 n-type semiconductors p型半导体 p-type semiconductors 半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigeratingunit热电制冷器thermoelectric refrigerating unit热电空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器 thermoelectric air conditioner半导体恒温器thermoelectric thermostat半导体冷饮水器thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵thermoelectric heat pump半导体降温机thermoelectricdehumidifier低温半导体制冷器 low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit 粘接式半导体制冷器sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit 嵌装式半导体制冷器inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit 复叠式半导体制冷器cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit 医用半导体制冷器medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit 盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统open brine system闭式盐水系统 closed brine system 盐水箱 brine bank 盐水混合箱 brine mixing tank 盐水溢流箱 brine return tank 盐水回流箱 brine return tank 盐水膨胀箱 brine balance tank 盐水加热器 brine heater盐水冷却器 brine cooler盐水筒 brine drum盐水集管 brine header盐水泵 brine pump盐水喷雾 brine spray盐水喷淋 brine sparge制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况 operating conditions 标准性能 standard rating标准工况 standard condition空调工况air conditioning condition内部条件 internal conditions外部条件 external conditions蓄热 accumulation of heat蓄冷 accumulation of cold制冰能力 ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数 heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance容积效率 volumetric efficiency容积输气量vulumetric displacement实际输气量 actual displacement理论输气量theoreticaldisplacement冷凝热量 condenser heat过冷热量 heat of subcooling过热热量 superheat运转工况下的制冷量 rating under working conditions标准制冷量 standard rating名义工况 normal conditions试验工况 test conditions轴功率 brake power效率 efficiency指示效率 indicated efficiency机械效率 mechanical efficiency总效率 overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance （COP）制冷压缩机的制冷系数refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance热力完善度thermodynamical perfectness能效比energy efficiency ratio （EER）热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热（减湿）制冷量 useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of air conditioner空调器有效总制冷量 useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量 circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant单位压缩功 compress work per mass 示功图 indicator diagram指示功 indicated work摩擦功 frictional work功率 power摩擦功率 frictional power指示功率 indicated power理论功率 idea power制冷量 refrigerating capacity总制冷量gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing 单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume 制冷系统制冷量system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation，refrigerating plant 工业制冷装置industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置commercial refrigerating plant中心站房 central station成套机组 self-contained system规范安装 code installation制冷回路 refrigerating circuit热平衡 heat balance货物负荷 product load操作负荷 service load设计负荷 design load负荷系数 load factor制冷装置试验与操作试运转 commissioning吹污 flush气密性试验gas-tight test，air-right test 密闭容器 closed container漏气 air infiltration放气 air vent检漏 leak hunting，leak detection 检漏仪 leak detector卤素灯 halide torch电子检漏仪electronic leak detector真空试验 vacuum test试验压力 test pressure工作压力operating pressure，working pressure最高工作压力highest operating pressure气密试验压力gas-tight test pressure设计压力 design pressure平衡压力 balance pressure充气 aerate，gas charging制冷剂充注 refrigerant charging 首次充注 initial charge保护充注 holding charge，service charge制冷剂不足 lack of refrigerant，under-charge，gas shortage缺液 starveling充灌台 charging board充灌量 charge充注过多 overcharge供液过多 overfeeding制冷剂抽空pump down of refrigerant降温试验 pull down test制冷[功能]试验refrigeration test卸载起动no-load starting，unloaded start卸载机构 unloader闪发flash vaporization，instantaneous vaporization闪发气体 flash gas不凝性气体 non condensable gas气体排除 gas purging，degassing，gasoff阀针跳动 hammering，needle hammer 阀振荡 hunting of a valve阀片跳动valve flutter，valve bounce短期循环 short-cycling异常温升 overheating泄漏 leak气蚀 cavitation制冷剂瓶 refrigerant cylinder，gas bottle检修用瓶service cylinder，gas bottle紧急泄放阀emergency-relief valve检修阀 service valve安全阀 pressure relief valve抽空阀 pump out valve加油阀 oil charge valve放油阀 oil drain valve放空阀 purge valve充灌阀 charging valve喷液阀 liquid injection valve润滑油润滑油 lubricant oil 冷冻机油 refrigeration oil冷冻油 refrigerant oil凝点 condensation point闪点 flash point浊点 cloud point絮凝点 flock point流动点 pour point起泡 foaming皂化 saponify油泥 sludge结碳 carbonization制冷剂制冷剂（制冷工质） refrigerant高温制冷剂high temperature refrigerant低压制冷剂low pressurerefrigerant中温制冷剂medium temperature refrigerant中压制冷剂medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂low temperature refrigerant高压制冷剂high pressure refrigerant氟利昂 freon卤化碳制冷剂halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22 氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷 methane乙烷 ethane丙烷 propane丁烷 butane异丁烷 isobutane乙烯 ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compund refrigerant氨 ammonia二氧化碳 carbon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide干冰 dry ice共沸制冷剂azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂 near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器vertical-type evaporator平行管蒸发器 receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器 herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器submerged evaporator板式蒸发器 plate-type evaporator 螺旋板式蒸发器spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator，tube-in-sheet evaporator管板式蒸发器tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器 ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器 ice-bank evaporator 蓄冰式蒸发器 ice-bank evaporator 结霜蒸发器 frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器 defrosting evaporator 无霜蒸发器nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器forced circulation evaporator 冷液式蒸发器liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器wrap-round evaporator蒸发器 evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器direct evaporator直接式蒸发器 direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器 indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器 indirect evaporator 干式蒸发器dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器 flooded evaporator 再循环式蒸发器recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器pump-feed evaporator。
空调专业毕业设计外文翻译--工程热力学和制冷循环
附录B 英文翻译THERMODYNAMICS AND REFRIGERATION CYCLES THERMODYNAMICS is the study of energy, its transformations, and its relation to states of matter. This chapter covers the application of thermodynamics to refrigeration cycles. The first part reviews the first and second laws of thermodynamics and presents methods for calculating thermodynamic properties. The second and third parts address compression and absorption refrigeration cycles, two common methods of thermal energy transfer.THERMODYNAMICSA thermodynamic system is a region in space or a quantity of matter bounded by a closed surface. The surroundings include everything external to the system, and the system is separated from the surroundings by the system boundaries. These boundaries can be movable or fixed, real or imaginary. Entropy and energy are important in any thermodynamic system. Entropy measures the molecular disorder of a system. The more mixed a system, the greater its entropy; an orderly or unmixed configuration is one of low entropy. Energy has the capacity for producing an effect and can be categorized into either stored or transient forms.Stored EnergyThermal (internal) energy is caused by the motion of molecules and/or intermolecular forces.Potential energy (PE) is caused by attractive forces existing between molecules, or the elevation of the system.mgzPE=(1)wherem =massg = local acceleration of gravityz = elevation above horizontal reference planeKinetic energy (KE) is the energy caused by the velocity of molecules and is expressed as22m VKE=(2)whereV is the velocity of a fluid stream crossing the system boundary.Chemical energy is caused by the arrangement of atoms composing the molecules.Nuclear (atomic) energy derives from the cohesive forces holding protons and neutrons together as the atom’s nucleus.Energy in TransitionHeat Q is the mechanism that transfers energy across the boundaries of systems with differing temperatures, always toward the lower temperature. Heat is positive when energy is added to the system (see Figure 1).Work is the mechanism that transfers energy across the boundaries of systems with differing pressures (or force of any kind),always toward the lower pressure. If the total effect produced in the system can be reduced to the raising of a weight, then nothing but work has crossed the boundary. Workis positive when energy is removed from the system (see Figure 1).Mechanical or shaft work W is the energy delivered or absorbed by a mechanism, such as a turbine, air compressor, or internal combustion engine.Flow work is energy carried into or transmitted across the system boundary because a pumping process occurs somewhere outside the system, causing fluid to enter the system. It can bemore easily understood as the work done by the fluid just outside the system on the adjacent fluid entering the system to force or push it into the system. Flow work also occurs as fluid leaves the system.Flow work =pv (3)where p is the pressure and v is the specific volume, or the volume displaced per unit mass evaluated at the inlet or exit.A property of a system is any observable characteristic of the system. The state of a system is defined by specifying the minimum set of independent properties. The most common thermodynamic properties are temperature T, pressure p, and specific volume v or density ρ. Additional thermodynamic properties include entropy, stored forms of energy, and enthalpy.Frequently, thermodynamic properties combine to form other properties. Enthalpy h is an important property that includes internal energy and flow work and is defined as≡(4) pvh+uwhere u is the internal energy per unit mass.Each property in a given state has only one definite value, and any property always has the same value for a given state, regardless of how the substance arrived at that state.A process is a change in state that can be defined as any change in the properties of a system. A process is described by specifying the initial and final equilibrium states, the path (if identifiable), and the interactions that take place across system boundaries during theprocess.A cycle is a process or a series of processes wherein the initial and final states of the system are identical. Therefore, at the conclusion of a cycle, all the properties have the same value they had at the beginning. Refrigerant circulating in a closed system undergoes acycle.A pure substance has a homogeneous and invariable chemical composition. It can exist in more than one phase, but the chemical composition is the same in all phases.If a substance is liquid at the saturation temperature and pressure,it is called a saturated liquid. If the temperature of the liquid is lower than the saturation temperature for the existing pressure, it is called either a subcooled liquid (the temperature is lower than the saturation temperature for the given pressure) or a compressed liquid (the pressure is greater than the saturation pressure for the given temperature).When a substance exists as part liquid and part vapor at the saturation temperature, its quality is defined as the ratio of the mass of vapor to the total mass. Quality has meaning only when the substance is saturated (i.e., at saturation pressure and temperature).Pressure and temperature of saturated substances are not independent properties.If a substance exists as a vapor at saturation temperature and pressure, it is called a saturated vapor. (Sometimes the term dry saturated vapor is used to emphasize that the quality is 100%.)When the vapor is at a temperature greater than the saturation temperature, it is a superheated vapor. Pressure and temperature of a superheated vapor are independent properties, because the temperature can increase while pressure remains constant. Gases such as air at room temperature and pressure are highly superheated vapors.FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICSThe first law of thermodynamics is often called the law of conservation of energy. The following form of the first-law equation is valid only in the absence of a nuclear or chemical reaction.Based on the first law or the law of conservation of energy for any system, open or closed, there is an energy balance asNet amount of energy Net increase of stored=added to system energy in systemor[Energy in] – [Energy out] = [Increase of stored energy in system]Figure 1 illustrates energy flows into and out of a thermodynamic system. For the general case of multiple mass flows with uniform properties in and out of the system, the energy balance can be written=-++++-+++∑∑W Q gz V pv u m gz V pv u m out out in in )2()2(22 []system i i f f gz V pv u m gz V pv u m )2()2(22++-++ (5)where subscripts i and f refer to the initial and final states,respectively.Nearly all important engineering processes are commonly modeled as steady-flow processes. Steady flow signifies that all quantities associated with the system do not vary with time. Consequently,0)2()2(22=-+++-++∑∑W Q gz V h m gz V h m leavingstream all entering stream all (6)where h = u + pv as described in Equation (4).A second common application is the closed stationary system for which the first law equation reduces to[]system i f u u m W Q )(-=- (7)SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICSThe second law of thermodynamics differentiates and quantifies processes that only proceed in a certain direction (irreversible) from those that are reversible. The second law may be described in several ways. One method uses the concept of entropy flow in an open system and the irreversibility associated with the process. The concept of irreversibility provides added insight into the operation of cycles. For example, the larger the irreversibility in a refrigeration cycle operating with a given refrigeration load between two fixed temperature levels, the larger the amount of work required tooperate the cycle. Irreversibilities include pressure drops in lines andheat exchangers, heat transfer between fluids of different temperature, and mechanical friction. Reducing total irreversibility in a cycle improves cycle performance. In the limit of no irreversibilities, a cycle attains its maximum ideal efficiency. In an open system, the second law of thermodynamics can be described in terms of entropy asdI s m s m dS e e i i T Q system +-+=δδδ(8)wheredS = total change within system in time dt during process systemδm s = entropy increase caused by mass entering (incoming)δm s = entropy decrease caused by mass leaving (exiting)δQ/T = entropy change caused by reversible heat transfer between system and surroundings at temperature TdI = entropy caused by irreversibilities (always positive)Equation (8) accounts for all entropy changes in the system. Rearranged, this equation becomes []I d dS s m s m T Q sys i i e e -+-=)(δδδ (9)In integrated form, if inlet and outlet properties, mass flow, and interactions with the surroundings do not vary with time, the general equation for the second law isI ms ms T Q S S out in revsystem i f +-+=-∑∑⎰)()(/)(δ (10)In many applications, the process can be considered to operate steadily with no change in time. The change in entropy of the system is therefore zero. The irreversibility rate, which is the rate of entropy production caused by irreversibilities in the process, can be determined by rearranging Equation (10):∑∑∑--=surrin out T Q ms ms I )()( (11) Equation (6) can be used to replace the heat transfer quantity.Note that the absolute temperature of the surroundings with which the system is exchanging heat is used in the last term. If the temper-ature of the surroundings is equal to the system temperature, heat istransferred reversibly and the last term in Equation (11) equals zero.Equation (11) is commonly applied to a system with one mass flow in, the same mass flow out, no work, and negligible kinetic or potential energy flows. Combining Equations (6) and (11) yields []surr inout in out T h h s s m I ---=)( (12)In a cycle, the reduction of work produced by a power cycle (or the increase in work required by a refrigeration cycle) equals the absolute ambient temperature multiplied by the sum of irreversibilities in all processes in the cycle. Thus, the difference in reversible and actual work for any refrigeration cycle, theoretical or real, operating under the same conditions, becomes∑+=I T W W reversible actual 0 (13)THERMODYNAMIC ANAL YSIS OFREFRIGERATION CYCLESRefrigeration cycles transfer thermal energy from a region of low temperature T to one of higher temperature. Usually the higher-T R temperature heat sink is the ambient air or cooling water, at temperature T 0, the temperature of the surroundings.The first and second laws of thermodynamics can be applied to individual components to determine mass and energy balances and the irreversibility of the components. This procedure is illustrated in later sections in this chapter.Performance of a refrigeration cycle is usually described by a coefficient of performance (COP), defined as the benefit of the cycle (amount of heat removed) divided by the required energy input to operate the cycle:Useful refrigerating effectCOP ≡Useful refrigeration effect/Net energy supplied from external sources (14)Net energy supplied from external sources For a mechanical vapor compression system, the net energy supplied is usually in the form of work, mechanical or electrical, and may include work to the compressor and fans or pumps. Thus,net evapW Q COP = (15)In an absorption refrigeration cycle, the net energy supplied is usually in the form of heat into the generator and work into the pumps and fans, ornet gen evapW Q Q COP += (16)In many cases, work supplied to an absorption system is very small compared to the amount of heat supplied to the generator, so the work term is often neglected.Applying the second law to an entire refrigeration cycle shows that a completely reversible cycle operating under the same conditions has the maximum possible COP. Departure of the actual cycle from an ideal reversible cycle is given by the refrigerating efficiency:tev R COP COP)(=η (17)The Carnot cycle usually serves as the ideal reversible refrigeration cycle. For multistage cycles, each stage is described by a reversible cycle.工程热力学和制冷循环工程热力学是研究能量及其转换和能量与物质状态之间的关系。
制冷专业英语
目录制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照 (2)制冷专业英语基本术语 (5)压缩机制冷系统及机组 (6)热泵 (9)制冷系统自动调节 (11)制冷装置 (12)制冷辅助设备 (13)管道与附件 (15)制冷装置试验与操作 (17)制冷能力及计算术语 (19)除霜 (21)蒸发器及冷却设备 (22)冷却器 (24)冷凝器 (25)一般制冷换热器 (26)制冷剂 (29)载冷剂 (31)润滑油 (32)臭氧层保护 (33)冷却塔 (34)制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温A LCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温、干蒸汽加湿器AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷专业英语基本术语制冷refrigeration蒸发制冷evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋desert bag制冷机refrigerating machine制冷机械refrigerating machinery制冷工程refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商refrigeration contractor制冷工作者refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer制冷技术员refrigeration technician制冷技师refrigeration technician制冷技工refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人 icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman冷藏链cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop 冷藏refrigerated preservation压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统refrigeration system制冷机refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system 蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统compression system压缩机compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor, refrigerant compressor 吸气端suction end排气端discharge end低压侧low pressure side高压侧high pressure side蒸发压力evaporating pressure吸气压力suction pressure, back pressure排气压力discharge pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature冷凝压力condensing pressure冷凝温度condensing temperature吸气温度suction temperature回气温度back temperature排气温度discharge temperature压缩比compression ratio双效压缩dual compression单级压缩single-stage compression双级压缩compound compression多级压缩multistage compression压缩级compression stage低压级low pressure stage高压级high pressure stage中间压力intermediate pressure中间冷却intercooling多级膨胀multistage expansion湿压缩wet compression干压缩dry compression制冷系统refrigerating system机械制冷系统mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid direct expansion 重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统indirect refrigeration system融霜系统defrosting system热气融霜系统defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigerating system冰堵freeze-up冰塞ice plug脏堵filth blockage油堵greasy blockage液击（冲缸、敲缸）slugging湿行程wet stroke镀铜现象appearance of copper-plating烧毁burn-out倒霜frost back制冷机组refrigerating unit压缩机组compressor unit开启式压缩机组open type compressor unit开启式压缩机open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组semihermetic compressor unit半封闭式压缩机semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机hermetically sealed compressor压缩冷凝机组condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组semihermetically sealed condensing unit 开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组commercial condensing unit整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组straddle refrigerating unit热泵热泵heat pump供热热泵heating heat pump制冷与供热热泵cooling and heating heat pump热泵循环heat pump cycle性能系数coefficient of performance (COP)供热量heat output压缩式热泵compression heat pump蒸汽压缩式热泵vapour compression heat pump空气压缩式热泵air heat pump蒸汽喷射式热泵steam jet heat pump吸收式热泵absorption heat pump低温型吸收式热泵low temperature absorption heat pump 高温型吸收式热泵high temperature absorption heat pump 水-气式热泵water/air heat pump土壤热源热泵ground source heat pump土壤盘管热泵ground coil heat pump水源热泵water source heat pump水盘管热泵water coil heat pump空气源热泵air source heat pump空气盘管热泵air coil heat pump热泵空气盘管heat pump air coil, air coil热泵水盘管heat pump water coil, water coil热泵土壤盘管heat pump ground coil, ground coil气-气式热泵air/air heat pump气-水式热泵air/water heat pump水-水式热泵water/water heat pump地-气式热泵soil/air heat pump地-水式热泵soil/water heat pump一次热泵primary heat pump二次热泵secondary heat pump第三级热泵tertiary pump太阳能热泵solar heat pump家用热泵domestic heat pump工业热泵industrial heat pump高温热泵high temperature heat pump温度放大器templifier热泵式热水器heat pump water heater热泵式空调器heat pump air conditioner热泵式干燥机heat pump drying plant蒸馏和浓缩用热泵heat pump for distilling and thickenning processes制冷系统自动调节流量调节flow regulation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostatic expansion valve 外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostatic expansion valve 外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交叉充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation，refrigerating plant 工业制冷装置industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置commercial refrigerating plant中心站房central station成套机组self-contained system规范安装code installation制冷回路refrigerating circuit热平衡heat balance货物负荷product load操作负荷service load设计负荷design load负荷系数load factor制冷辅助设备压力容器pressure vessel贮液筒/器surge drum高压贮液筒high pressure receiver低压贮液筒low pressure receiver低压平衡筒accumulator，surge drum均压管/平衡管equalizer均压罐equalizer tank平衡罐balance tank液体分离器suction trap气液分离器flash chamber净化系统purge recovery system油分离器oil separator集液器liquid trap集油器oil receiver，oil trap不凝性气体分离器non condensable gas purger 放空气器gas purger干燥器dehydrator，drier过滤器filter，screen，strainer干燥过滤器drier-filter脱水dehydration干燥drying干燥剂desiccant硅胶silica gel活性铝activated carbon分子筛molecular sieve润滑lubrication滑油冷却器oil cooler中间冷却器intercooler，interstage cooler闪发式中间冷却器flash intercooler 膨胀容器expansion tank经济器economizer喷射器ejector搅拌器agitator抽气回收装置purge recovery unit排空pump-down循环泵circulation pump液位指示器liquid level indicator窥镜sight glass液体流动指示器liquid flow indicator 吸入压力表suction gauge排出压力表discharge gauge管道与附件配管tubing空调制冷配管ACR tubing管道piping，tubing制冷管路refrigeration pipe line系统酸状况acid condition system退火annealing加压元件pressure imposing element 检修门access door气封vapor lock主管main歧管manifold集管header盐水管brine line盐水集管brine header旁通管by-pass套管tube-within-a-tube伸缩弯expansion loop存油弯oil loop液环liquid loop吸入管suction line，return line消声器muffler分液贮存器accumulator排出管discharge line，hot gas line 液体管liquid line冷凝液管condensate line管道附件fittings软接头connecting hose加液接头charging connection快装接头quick-release coupling，quick-coupler 法兰flange接管coupling收缩管constricted tube异径内承插管reducing coupling异径外承插管double male reduction异径套管reducing bushing螺纹接管nipple阀valve截止阀stop valve止回阀check valve角阀angle valve球阀ball type valve，ball valve闸阀gate valve操作阀service valve防通阀bypass valve二通阀two-way valve三通阀three-way valve塞子plug端盖cap垫gasket垫料gasket填料packing喇叭口接头flared joint扩口工具flaring tool胀口工具swaging tool弯曲弹簧bending spring弹簧弯管器bending spring扭矩扳手torque wrench制冷装置试验与操作试运转commissioning吹污flush气密性试验gas-tight test，air-right test密闭容器closed container漏气air infiltration放气air vent检漏leak hunting，leak detection检漏仪leak detector卤素灯halide torch电子检漏仪electronic leak detector真空试验vacuum test试验压力test pressure工作压力operating pressure，working pressure最高工作压力highest operating pressure气密试验压力gas-tight test pressure设计压力design pressure平衡压力balance pressure充气aerate，gas charging制冷剂充注refrigerant charging首次充注initial charge保护充注holding charge，service charge制冷剂不足lack of refrigerant，under-charge，gas shortage 缺液starveling充灌台charging board充灌量charge充注过多overcharge供液过多overfeeding制冷剂抽空pump down of refrigerant降温试验pull down test制冷[功能]试验refrigeration test卸载起动no-load starting，unloaded start卸载机构unloader闪发flash vaporization，instantaneous vaporization 闪发气体flash gas不凝性气体non condensable gas气体排除gas purging，degassing，gasoff阀针跳动hammering，needle hammer阀振荡hunting of a valve阀片跳动valve flutter，valve bounce短期循环short-cycling异常温升overheating泄漏leak气蚀cavitation制冷剂瓶refrigerant cylinder，gas bottle检修用瓶service cylinder，gas bottle紧急泄放阀emergency-relief valve检修阀service valve安全阀pressure relief valve抽空阀pump out valve加油阀oil charge valve放油阀oil drain valve放空阀purge valve充灌阀charging valve喷液阀liquid injection valve制冷能力及计算术语制冷量refrigerating capacity总制冷量gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume制冷系统制冷量system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热（减湿）制冷量useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of air conditioner空调器有效总制冷量useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant单位压缩功compress work per mass示功图indicator diagram指示功indicated work摩擦功frictional work功率power摩擦功率frictional power指示功率indicated power理论功率idea power轴功率brake power效率efficiency指示效率indicated efficiency机械效率mechanical efficiency总效率overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance （COP）制冷压缩机的制冷系数refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance 热力完善度thermodynamical perfectness能效比energy efficiency ratio （EER）热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance热泵用压缩机的供热系数heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance 容积效率volumetric efficiency容积输气量volumetric displacement实际输气量actual displacement理论输气量theoretical displacement冷凝热量condenser heat过冷热量heat of subcooling过热热量superheat运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions标准制冷量standard rating名义工况normal conditions试验工况test conditions运行工况operating conditions标准性能standard rating标准工况standard condition空调工况air conditioning condition内部条件internal conditions外部条件external conditions蓄热accumulation of heat蓄冷accumulation of cold制冰能力ice-making capacity除霜结霜frost formation积霜frost deposit回霜frost back除霜defrosting化霜defrosting融霜defrosting冲霜defrosting人工除霜manual defrosting除霜周期defrosting cycle除霜循环defrosting cycle中止除霜循环off-cycle defrosting周期除霜系统cycle defrost system自动除霜automatic defrosting半自动除霜semi-automatic defrosting高速半自动除霜fast semi-automatic defrosting定时除霜time defrosting外能除霜external defrosting水除霜water defrosting水除霜系统water defrosting system热水除霜hot water defrosting热液除霜系统hot liquid defrosting system内能除霜internal defrosting热气除霜hot gas defrosting热气除霜系统hot gas defrosting system热液除霜hot liquid defrosting逆循环除霜reverse cycle defrosting逆循环除霜系统reverse cycle defrosting system除霜用热气管hot gas line for defrosting热箱除霜thermotank defrost电加热器除霜electric heater defrosting电加热器除霜系统electric heater defrosting system 暖空气除霜warm air defrosting除霜水盘drip tray，defrost pan蒸发器及冷却设备蒸发器evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器direct evaporator直接式蒸发器direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器indirect evaporator干式蒸发器dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器pump-feed evaporator壳盘管式蒸发器shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器vertical-type evaporator平行管蒸发器raceway coil螺旋管式蒸发器spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器submerged evaporator板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator螺旋板式蒸发器spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator，tube-in-sheet evaporator 管板式蒸发器tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器forced circulation evaporator 冷液式蒸发器liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器wrap-round evaporator干燥盘管drier coil冷却盘管cooling coil蒸发盘管expansion coil蓄冷盘管hold-over coil直接蒸发盘管direct expansion coil制冷剂分配器refrigerant distributor支承板tube support蓄冷板hold-over plate共晶混合物板eutectic plate折流板baffle滴水盘drip tray中间冷却器intercooler盐水冷却器brine cooler气-液回热器liquid or suction heat exchanger回热器superheater紊流器turbulator预冷器precooler级间冷却器interstage cooler饮水冷却器drinking-water cooler喷泉式饮水冷却器bubbler-type drinking water cooler 冷藏间冷却器cold-storage cooler盐水（水）冷却器brine（water）cooler空气冷却器air cooler，forced draught干式空气冷却器dry-type air cooler强制循环空气冷却器forced-circulation air cooler自然对流空气冷却器natural-convection air cooler空气冷却机组air-cooler unit冷凝器condenser冷凝液condensate空冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器natural convection air-cooled condenser 强制通风式冷凝器forced draught condenser冷凝风机condensate fan线绕式冷凝器wire and tube condenser水冷式冷凝器water-cooled condenser沉浸式盘管冷凝器submerged coil condenser套管式冷凝器double pipe condenser壳管式冷凝器shell and tube condenser组合式冷凝器multishell condenser卧式壳管式冷凝器closed shell and tube condenser卧式冷凝器closed condenser立式壳管式冷凝器open shell and tube condenser立式冷凝器open condenser，vertical condenser壳盘管式冷凝器shell and coil condenser分隔式冷凝器split condenser淋激式冷凝器atmospheric condenser溢流式冷凝器bleeder-type condenser蒸发式冷凝器evaporative condenser板式冷凝器plate-type condenser空冷板式冷凝器air-cooled plate-type condenser水冷板式冷凝器water-cooled plate-type condenser焊接板式冷凝器welded sheet condenser螺旋板式冷凝器spiral sheet condenser冷凝-贮液器condenser-receiver混合式冷凝器barometric condenser液化器liquefier冷凝水泵condensate pump冷凝器梳condensate comb预冷盘管desuperheating coil过冷器subcooler一般制冷换热器换热器heat exchanger热交换器heat exchanger紧凑式换热器compact heat exchanger管式换热器tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器surface type heat exchanger 表面式换热器surface type heat exchanger 板管式换热器tube-on-sheet heat exchanger 板翅式换热器plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 平板式换热器flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器parallel flow heat exchanger 逆流式换热器counter flow heat exchanger *流式换热器cross-flow heat exchanger折流式换热器turn back flow heat exchanger 直接接触式换热器direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器heat pipe exchanger蓄热器recuperator壳管式换热器shell and tube heat exchanger 管板tube plate可拆端盖removable head管束bundle of tube管束尺寸size of tube bundle顺排管束in-line hank of tubes错排管束staggered hank of tubes盘管coil蛇形管serpentine coilU形管U-tube光管bare tube肋片管finned tube翅片管finned tube肋管finned tube肋管束finned tube bundle肋片fin套片plate fin螺旋肋spiral fin整体肋integral fin纵向肋longitudinal fin钢丝肋wire fin内肋inner fin肋片管尺寸size of fin tube肋片厚度fin thickness肋距spacing of fin肋片数pitch of fin肋片长度finned length肋片高度finned height肋效率fin efficiency换热面积heat exchange surface 传热面积heat exchange surface 冷却面积cooling surface加热表面heat exchange surface 基表面primary surface扩展表面extended surface肋化表面finned surface迎风表面face area流通表面flow area净截面积net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速face velocity净截面流速air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速face velocity of mass净截面质量流速mass velocity at net area冷（热）媒有效流通面积effective area for cooling or heating medium 冷（热）媒流速velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition；sensible cooling condition湿工况wet condition；dehumidifying condition接触系数contact factor旁通系数bypass factor换热效率系数coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却surface cooling蒸发冷却evaporating cooling冷却元件cooling element制冷剂制冷剂（制冷工质）refrigerant高温制冷剂high temperature refrigerant低压制冷剂low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂medium temperature refrigerant中压制冷剂medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂low temperature refrigerant高压制冷剂high pressure refrigerant氟利昂freon卤化碳制冷剂halocarbon refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷methane乙烷ethane丙烷propane丁烷butane异丁烷isobutane乙烯ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compound refrigerant 氨ammonia二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide干冰dry ice共沸制冷剂azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂near azeotropic mixture refrigerant 非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant载冷剂secondary refrigerant水water盐水brine冰盐cryohydrate低共融混合物eutectic mixture氯化钠水溶液sodium chloride water氯化钙水溶液calcium chloride water 氯化镁水溶液magnesium chloride water 乙醇ethanol乙醇水溶液ethanol water乙二醇水溶液glycol water抗冻剂antifreeze agent不冻液non freezing solution共晶溶液eutectic solution冻结混合物freezing mixture共晶冰eutectic ice防蚀剂corrosion inhibitor润滑油lubricant oil冷冻机油refrigeration oil 冷冻油refrigerant oil凝点condensation point闪点flash point浊点cloud point絮凝点flock point流动点pour point起泡foaming皂化saponify油泥sludge结碳carbonization臭氧层保护臭氧ozone臭氧层ozonosphere, ozone layer臭氧层破坏ozonosphere depletion, ozonosphere disturbance 消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances（ODS）禁用制冷剂forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂transition refrigerant替代制冷剂substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂natural refrigerant氟利昂家族freon group全氟代烃fluorocarbon （FC）氯氟烃chlorofluorocarbon（CFC）氢氟烃hydro fluorocarbon（HCF）含氢氯氟烃hydro chlorofluorocarbon（HCFC）含氢氯化烃hydrochlorocarbon（HCC）全氯化烃polychlorocarbon（PCC）哈龙Halon共沸混合物azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound, hydrocarbon（HC）臭氧消耗潜能值ozone depletion potential（ODP）温室效应greenhouse effect全球变暖global warming京都议定书kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值global warming potential（GWP）变暖影响总当量total equivalent warming impact（TEWI）寿命期气候性能life cycle climate performance（LCCP）蕴含能量embodied energy不易收集的排放fugitive emissions冷却塔冷水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower凉水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower冷却塔water cooling tower，cooling tower自然通风式冷却塔atmospheric cooling tower，natural draught cooling tower 机械通风式冷水塔mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔spray cooling tower拉西环Rasching rings温度接近值approach水垢scale水垢抑制剂scale inhibitor藻类algae防藻剂algaecide淀渣slime升压阀back-up valve。
制冷专业英语大全
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷refrigeration蒸发制冷evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋desert bag制冷机refrigerating machine制冷机械refrigerating machinery制冷工程refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商refrigeration contractor制冷工作者refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer制冷技术员refrigeration technician制冷技师refrigeration technician制冷技工refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic 制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman冷藏链cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop冷藏refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器heat exchanger热交换器heat exchanger紧凑式换热器compact heat exchanger管式换热器tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器surface type heat exchanger表面式换热器surface type heat exchanger板管式换热器tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器counter flow heat exchanger*流式换热器cross-flow heat echanger折流式换热器turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器heat pipe exchanger蓄热器recuperator壳管式换热器shell and tube heat exchanger管板tube plate可拆端盖removable head管束bundle of tube 管束尺寸size of tube bundle顺排管束in-line hank of tubes错排管束staggered hank of tubes盘管coil蛇形管serpentine coilU形管U-tube光管bare tube肋片管finned tube翅片管finned tube肋管finned tube肋管束finned tube bundle肋片fin套片plate fin螺旋肋spiral fin整体肋integral fin纵向肋longitudinal fin钢丝肋wire fin内肋inner fin肋片管尺寸size of fin tube肋片厚度fin thickness肋距spacing of fin肋片数pitch of fin肋片长度finned length肋片高度finned height肋效率fin efficiency换热面积heat exchange surface传热面积heat exchange surface冷却面积cooling surface加热表面heat exchange surface基表面primary surface扩展表面extended surface肋化表面finned surface迎风表面face area流通表面flow area净截面积net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速face velocity净截面流速air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速face velocity of mass净截面质量流速mass velocity at net area冷(热)媒有效流通面积effective area for cooling or heating medium冷(热)媒流速velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition;sensible cooling condition湿工况wet condition;dehumidifying condition接触系数contact factor旁通系数bypass factor换热效率系数coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力air pressure drop of coil;air resistance of coil盘管水阻力pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却surface cooling蒸发冷却evaporating cooling冷却元件cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应Ranque-Hilsch effect涡流管制冷vortex tube refrigeration涡流管vortex tube兰克管Ranque tube膨胀喷嘴expansion injector涡流室vortex device分离孔板separation orifice调节阀control valve膨胀压力比expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量cold gas fraction热气流分量hot gas fraction冷却效应cooling effect加热效应heating effect冷却效率cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应magnetocaloric effect磁制冷magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机magnetic refrigerating machine磁冰箱magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统refrigeration system制冷机refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统compression system压缩机compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor,refrigerant compressor吸气端suction end排气端discharge end低压侧low pressure side高压侧high pressure side蒸发压力evaporating pressure 吸气压力suction pressure,back pressure排气压力discharge pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature冷凝压力condensing pressure冷凝温度condensing temperature吸气温度suction temperature回气温度back temperature排气温度discharge temperature压缩比compression ratio双效压缩dual compression单级压缩single-stage compression双级压缩compound compression多级压缩multistage compression压缩级compression stage低压级low pressure stage高压级high pressure stage中间压力intermediate pressure中间冷却intercooling多级膨胀multistage expansion湿压缩wet compression干压缩dry compression制冷系统refrigerating system机械制冷系统mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system 单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统indirect refrigeration system融霜系统defrosting system热气融霜系统defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigeratingsystem冰堵freeze-up冰塞ice plug脏堵filth blockage油堵greasy blockage液击(冲缸、敲缸) slugging湿行程wet stroke镀铜现象appearance of copper-plating烧毁burn-out倒霜frost back制冷机组refrigerating unit压缩机组compressor unit开启式压缩机组open type compresssor unit开启式压缩机open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组semihermetic compressor unit 半封闭式压缩机semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机hermetically sealed compressor压缩冷凝机组condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组semihermetically sealed condensing unit开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组commercial condensing unit 整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机positive displacement compressor往复式压缩机(活塞式压缩机) reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机rotary compressor滑片式压缩机sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机single vane rotary compressor滚动转子式压缩机rolling rotor compressor三角转子式压缩机triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机multi-vane rotary compressor 滑片blade旋转活塞式压缩机rolling piston compressor 涡旋式压缩机scroll compressor涡旋盘scroll固定涡旋盘stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘driven scroll,orbiting scroll斜盘式压缩机(摇盘式压缩机) swash plate compressor斜盘swash plate摇盘wobble plate螺杆式压缩机screw compressor单螺杆压缩机single screw compressor阴转子female rotor阳转子male rotor主转子main rotor闸转子gate rotor无油压缩机oil free compressor膜式压缩机diaphragm compressor活塞式压缩机reciprocating compressor单作用压缩机single acting compressor双作用压缩机double acting compressor双效压缩机dual effect compressor双缸压缩机twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机closed crankcase compressor开式曲轴箱压缩机open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机uniflow compressor逆流式压缩机return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机dry piston compressor双级压缩机compund compressor多级压缩机multistage compressor差动活塞式压缩机stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机tandem compressor,dual compressor截止阀line valve,stop valve排气截止阀discharge line valve吸气截止阀suction line valve部分负荷旁通口partial duty port能量调节器energy regulator容量控制滑阀capacity control slide valve容量控制器capacity control消声器muffler联轴节coupling曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱加热器crankcase heater轴封crankcase seal,shaft seal填料盒stuffing box轴封填料shaft packing机械密封mechanical seal波纹管密封bellows seal转动密封rotary seal迷宫密封labyrinth seal轴承bearing滑动轴承sleeve bearing偏心环eccentric strap滚珠轴承ball bearing滚柱轴承roller bearing滚针轴承needle bearing止推轴承thrust bearing外轴承pedestal bearing臼形轴承footstep bearing轴承箱bearing housing止推盘thrust collar偏心销eccentric pin曲轴平衡块crankshaft counterweight,crankshaft balance weight曲柄轴crankaxle偏心轴eccentric type crankshaft曲拐轴crankthrow type crankshaft连杆connecting rod连杆大头crank pin end连杆小头piston pin end曲轴crankshaft主轴颈main journal曲柄crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销crank pin曲拐crank throw曲拐机构crank-toggle阀盘valve disc阀杆valve stem阀座valve seat阀板valve plate阀盖valve cage阀罩valve cover阀升程限制器valve lift guard阀升程valve lift阀孔valve port吸气口suction inlet压缩机气阀compressor valve吸气阀suction valve排气阀delivery valve圆盘阀disc valve环片阀ring plate valve簧片阀reed valve舌状阀cantilever valve条状阀beam valve 提升阀poppet valve菌状阀mushroom valve杯状阀tulip valve缸径cylinder bore余隙容积clearance volume附加余隙(补充余隙) clearance pocket活塞排量swept volume,piston displacement理论排量theoretical displacement实际排量actual displacement实际输气量actual displacement,actual output of gas气缸工作容积working volume of the cylinder活塞行程容积piston displacement气缸cylinder气缸体cylinder block气缸壁cylinder wall水冷套water cooled jacket气缸盖(气缸头) cylinder head安全盖(假盖) safety head假盖false head活塞环piston ring气环sealing ring刮油环scraper ring油环scrape ring活塞销piston pin活塞piston活塞行程piston stroke吸气行程suction stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke压缩行程compression stroke排气行程discharge stroke升压压缩机booster compressor立式压缩机vertical compressor卧式压缩机horizontal compressor角度式压缩机angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机absorption refrigerating machine吸收式制冷系统absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统intermittent absoprtion system连续循环吸收式系统continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷solid absorption refrigeration氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine单级氨-水吸收式制冷机single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 多级氨-水吸收式制冷机multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 双级氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生与双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process 分解decomposition水解hydrolysis扩散diffusion能量增强剂energy booster缓蚀剂anticorrsive发生不足incomplete boiling吸收不足incomplete absorption喷淋密度sprinkle density溴化锂lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液aqueous solution of lithium bromide 氨水溶液aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂absorbent,absorbing agent吸附剂adsorbent溶液solution浓度concentration溶解度solubility溶剂solvent溶质solute浓溶液rich solution,concentrated solution稀溶液weak solution,diluted solution溶液分压partial pressure of liquor吸收absorption吸附adsorption吸收式制冷absorption refrigeration吸附式制冷adsorption refrigeration工质对working substance热力系数heat ratio放气范围deflation ratio焓-浓度图enthalpy concentration chart溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine 双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine 溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组lithiumbromide absorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump 蒸汽型吸收式制冷机steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机hot water operated absorption refrigerating machine发生器generator沉浸式发生器submerged generator喷淋式发生器spray-type generator立式降膜式发生器vertical falling film generator直燃式发生器direct-fired generator高压发生器high pressure generator低压发生器low pressure generator吸收器absorber喷淋式吸收器spray absorber降膜式吸收器falling film absorber立式降膜式吸收器vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器horizontal falling film absorber 喷淋装置spray system溶液换热器solution heat exchanger溶晶管anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置purging system精馏器rectifier屏蔽泵shield pump发生器泵generator pump吸收器泵absorber pump蒸发器泵evaporator pump溶液泵solution pump氨水泵aqua-ammonia pump混合阀mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能solar energy太阳常数solar constant太阳能系统solar energy system被动式太阳能系统passive solar energy system主动式太阳能系统active solar energy system混合式太阳能系统hybrid solar energy system太阳能制冷solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷solarpowered cooling太阳能吸收式制冷机solar absorption refrigerating machine光-热转换制冷photothermal refrigeration光-电转换制冷photoelectrical refrigeration太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机continual solar absorption refrigerating machine间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置solar air-conditioning system太阳能制冷系统solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器solar collector选择式吸收表面selective absorber surface电淀积electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器flat plate solar collector真空管太阳能集热器tubular solar collector,vacuum tube collector聚光型太阳能机热器focus solar collector集热量heat-collecting capacity集热温度heat-collecting temperature集热效率heat-collecting efficiency蓄热介质heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器rock storge container辅助热源supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统solar energy storge system太阳能供热系统solar heating system,solar space heating installation自然循环闭式供水系统natural convection closed water system强制循环闭式供水系统forced convection in a closed water system热风供热系统warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管heat pipe深冷热管cryogenic heat pipe低温热管low temperature heat pipe中温热管moderate temperature heat pipe 高温热管liquid metal heat pipe管芯wick相容性compatibility传热极限heat transport limitation重力热管gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器heat pipe surgery cryoprobe余热exhaust heat低温余热low temperature exhaust heat余热制冷utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine动力-制冷循环power/refrigeration cycle透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流swirl叶片颤振blade flutter叶片通过频率blade passing frequency喘振surging脱流stall叶轮反应度(反作用度) impeller reaction叶轮impeller半开式叶轮unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮shrouded impeller叶片blade,vane导流叶片组件pre-rotary vane assembly扩压器diffuser蜗壳scroll滑动slip透平压缩机turbocompressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor轴流式压缩机axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机subsonic compressor超音速压缩机supersonic compressor冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔atmpspheric cooling tower,natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔spray cooling tower拉西环Rasching rings温度接近值approach水垢scale水垢抑制剂scale inhibitor藻类algae防藻剂algaecide淀渣slime升压阀back-up valve冷水塔water cooling tower,cooling tower凉水塔water cooling tower,cooling tower冷却塔water cooling tower,cooling tower喷水池spray pond干式冷水塔dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔wet-dry cooling tower冷水塔填料packing of cooling tower,fill of cooling tower膜式填料film packing帘栅形填料grid packing,grid fill片式填料plate packing,plate fill松散填料random packing,random fill飞溅式填料splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器turbine cooler温降temperature drops开式循环open cycle闭式循环closed cycle除水water elimination补气air supply回热式空气制冷循环regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统aircraft air-conditioning system 增压式飞机空调系统"Bootstrap" system冲压空气ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节flow regulation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve 过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve流量调节flow regualation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve 过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀constant pressure expansion valve能量调节capacity regulator单机能量调节capacity regulation of single unit卸载能量调节capacity regulation of load drainage 程序指令式能量调节系统capacity regulation system of program order电磁阀solenoid valve电磁滑阀magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机steam-jet refrigerating machine 蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统steam jet refrigerating system 蒸汽喷射器steam ejector主喷射器main ejector辅助喷射器auxiliary ejector喷射系数jet coefficient主冷凝器main condenser辅助冷凝器auxiliary condenser多效蒸发multieffective evaporation高位安装high-level installation低位安装low-level installation高低位安装high-low-level installation臭氧层保护英语臭氧ozone臭氧层ozonesphere,ozone layer臭氧层破坏ozonesphere depletion,ozonesphere disturbance消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances(ODS) 禁用制冷剂forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂transition refrigerant替代制冷剂substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂natural refrigerant氟利昂家族freon group全氟代烃fluorocarbon (FC)氯氟烃chloroflurocarbon(CFC)氢氟烃hydrofluorocarbon(HCF)含氢氯氟烃hydrochloroflurocarbon(HCFC)含氢氯化烃hydrochlorocarbon(HCC)全氯化烃polychlorocarbon(PCC)哈龙Halon共沸混合物azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound,hydrocarbon(HC)臭氧消耗潜能值ozone depletion potential(ODP)温室效应greenhouse effect全球变暖global warming京都议定书kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值global warming potential(GWP)变暖影响总当量total equivalent warming impact(TEWI)寿命期气候性能life cycle climate performance(LCCP)蕴含能量embodied energy不易收集的排放fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration温差电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration半导体制冷semiconductor refrigeration热电效应thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应Peltier effect热电制冷效应thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应Thomson effect焦耳效应Joule effect傅里叶效应Fourier effect温差电动势thermoelectric power塞贝克系数Seebeck coefficient优值系数figure of merit热电堆thermoelectric pile温差电堆thermoelectric pile最佳电流optimum current经济电流economic current热电半导体thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料thermoelectric material热电制冷材料thermoelectric cooling materialn型半导体n-type semiconductorsp型半导体p-type semiconductors半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigerating unit热电制冷器thermoelectric refrigerating unit热电空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体恒温器thermoelectric thermostat半导体冷饮水器thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵thermoelectric heat pump半导体降温机thermoelectric dehumidifier低温半导体制冷器low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit粘接式半导体制冷器sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit嵌装式半导体制冷器inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit复叠式半导体制冷器cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit医用半导体制冷器medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统open brine system闭式盐水系统closed brine system盐水箱brine bank盐水混合箱brine mixing tank盐水溢流箱brine return tank盐水回流箱brine return tank盐水膨胀箱brine balance tank盐水加热器brine heater盐水冷却器brine cooler盐水筒brine drum盐水集管brine header盐水泵brine pump盐水喷雾brine spray盐水喷淋brine sparge制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况operating conditions标准性能standard rating标准工况standard condition空调工况air conditioning condition内部条件internal conditions外部条件external conditions蓄热accumulation of heat蓄冷accumulation of cold制冰能力ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance容积效率volumetric efficiency容积输气量vulumetric displacement实际输气量actual displacement理论输气量theoretical displacement冷凝热量condenser heat过冷热量heat of subcooling过热热量superheat运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions标准制冷量standard rating名义工况normal conditions试验工况test conditions轴功率brake power效率efficiency指示效率indicated efficiency机械效率mechanical efficiency总效率overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance (COP) 制冷压缩机的制冷系数refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance热力完善度thermodynamical perfectness能效比energy efficiency ratio (EER)热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热(减湿)制冷量useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of air conditioner空调器有效总制冷量useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant 单位压缩功compress work per mass示功图indicator diagram指示功indicated work摩擦功frictional work功率power摩擦功率frictional power指示功率indicated power理论功率idea power制冷量refrigerating capacity总制冷量gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume制冷系统制冷量system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity 蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation,refrigerating plant工业制冷装置industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置commercial refrigerating plant中心站房central station成套机组self-contained system规范安装code installation制冷回路refrigerating circuit热平衡heat balance货物负荷product load操作负荷service load设计负荷design load负荷系数load factor制冷装置试验与操作试运转commissioning吹污flush气密性试验gas-tight test,air-right test密闭容器closed container漏气air infiltration放气air vent检漏leak hunting,leak detection检漏仪leak detector卤素灯halide torch电子检漏仪electronic leak detector真空试验vacuum test试验压力test pressure工作压力operating pressure,working pressure最高工作压力highest operating pressure气密试验压力gas-tight test pressure设计压力design pressure平衡压力balance pressure充气aerate,gas charging制冷剂充注refrigerant charging首次充注initial charge保护充注holding charge,service charge制冷剂不足lack of refrigerant,under-charge,gas shortage缺液starveling充灌台charging board充灌量charge充注过多overcharge供液过多overfeeding制冷剂抽空pump down of refrigerant降温试验pull down test制冷[功能]试验refrigeration test卸载起动no-load starting,unloaded start卸载机构unloader闪发flash vaporization,instantaneous vaporization 闪发气体flash gas不凝性气体non condensable gas气体排除gas purging,degassing,gasoff阀针跳动hammering,needle hammer阀振荡hunting of a valve阀片跳动valve flutter,valve bounce短期循环short-cycling异常温升overheating 泄漏leak气蚀cavitation制冷剂瓶refrigerant cylinder,gas bottle检修用瓶service cylinder,gas bottle紧急泄放阀emergency-relief valve检修阀service valve安全阀pressure relief valve抽空阀pump out valve加油阀oil charge valve放油阀oil drain valve放空阀purge valve充灌阀charging valve喷液阀liquid injection valve润滑油润滑油lubricant oil冷冻机油refrigeration oil冷冻油refrigerant oil凝点condensation point闪点flash point浊点cloud point絮凝点flock point流动点pour point起泡foaming皂化saponify油泥sludge结碳carbonization制冷剂制冷剂(制冷工质) refrigerant高温制冷剂high temperature refrigerant低压制冷剂low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂medium temperature refrigerant 中压制冷剂medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂low temperature refrigerant高压制冷剂high pressure refrigerant氟利昂freon卤化碳制冷剂halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷methane乙烷ethane丙烷propane丁烷butane异丁烷isobutane乙烯ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compund refrigerant 氨ammonia二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide干冰dry ice共沸制冷剂azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器vertical-type evaporator平行管蒸发器receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器submerged evaporator板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator螺旋板式蒸发器spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator,tube-in-sheet evaporator管板式蒸发器tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器forced circulation evaporator 冷液式蒸发器liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器wrap-round evaporator蒸发器evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器direct evaporator直接式蒸发器direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器indirect evaporator干式蒸发器dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器pump-feed evaporator冷凝器英语冷凝器condenser冷凝液condensate空冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器natural convecton air-cooled condenser强制通风式冷凝器forced draught condenser冷凝风机condensate fan线绕式冷凝器wire and tube condenser水冷式冷凝器water-cooled condenser沉浸式盘管冷凝器submerged coil condenser套管式冷凝器double pipe condenser壳管式冷凝器shell and tube condenser组合式冷凝器multishell condenser卧式壳管式冷凝器closed shell and tube condenser 卧式冷凝器closed condenser立式壳管式冷凝器open shell and tube condenser 立式冷凝器open condenser,vertical condenser壳盘管式冷凝器shell and coil condenser分隔式冷凝器split condenser淋激式冷凝器atmospheric condenser溢流式冷凝器bleeder-type condenser蒸发式冷凝器evaporative condenser板式冷凝器plate-type condenser空冷板式冷凝器air-cooled plate-type condenser 水冷板式冷凝器water-cooled plate-type condenser焊接板式冷凝器welded sheet condenser螺旋板式冷凝器spiral sheet condenser冷凝-贮液器condenser-receiver混合式冷凝器barometric condenser液化器liquefier冷凝水泵condensate pump冷凝器梳condensate comb。
制冷压缩机中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译Small COMPRESSORCompressor refrigeration system is the core and heart of its decision to the refrigeration system capabilities and features. This paper not only energy efficient, noise and vibration and refrigeration agent analyzed small refrigeration compressor technical performance, Analysis also have appeared in recent years, the new, special small compressor main feature for us small refrigeration compressor future development trend of laying a technological foundation.As we all know, the compressor refrigeration system is the core and heart. Compressor and decided that the cooling system capacity and features. In a sense, the cooling system design and matching of the compressor is the ability demonstrated. Therefore, countries in the world are all in the refrigeration industry refrigeration compressor research invested a tremendous amount of energy, new research direction, and research results continue to emerge. Compressor technology and performance level with each passing day.1.A compressor Efficiency StudyCompressor refrigeration system is the core energy components, improve the efficiency of refrigeration systems of the most direct and effective means is to increase the efficiency of the compressor, It will bring the energy consumption decreased significantly. Moreover, can only avoid the system take measures (such as simply increasing heat exchanger area, etc.) caused by the consumption of materials increased. In recent years, as world energy shortage situation worsens day by day, more and more attention to various energy-saving work the energy efficiency ofproducts made by the ever-increasing demands. Due to losses such as friction, leakage, harmful heat, the electrical loss, flow resistance, noise vibration of existence, Compressor work far below the actual efficiency of theoretical efficiency. Therefore, from a theoretical point of view, any reduction in a loss of arbitrary measures to improve the efficiency of the compressor. The objective facts have led to the energy saving compressor scope, direction, width, research topics and results varied.On the current international energy-efficient compressors research concentrated mainly in a few areas : research lubrication properties Compressor parts of the friction bearings to reduce friction characteristics of power, improve the efficiency of the compressor; reduce leakage losses to improve the efficiency of the compressor; using frequency modulation technology or refrigeration system through the effort with the user load to match the best energy saving In this regard the particular frequency technology has been relatively mature well known and not repeat them here. Valve Research is an old topic but it is also an eternal topic, Improvement of the valve designed to improve the efficiency of the compressor also Nagamochi endless harvest. Research in this area many times, from the valve material, sports law, optimizing the structure of the applicable theory, exhaustive testing methods. In short, energy-saving compressors on the research in recent years has become one of the refrigeration industry first hot issues.In recent years, domestic refrigeration compressor industry to studyenergy-saving products are also giving great concern. Progress larger products mainly refrigerator compressor industry. In China efficient refrigerators GEF projects to promote and support, both the enterprises for energy-efficient products is the understanding of the performance of refrigerator compressors have a qualitative leap. At present, domestic enterprises refrigerator compressor products of the highest energy efficiency has reached 1.95%. Refrigerator compressor domestic enterprises to take a lot of technical measures such as high efficiency motors or synchronous motor, concave valves, Plane thrust bearing, low viscosity lubricants, the new Getter muffler,reducing friction losses, and achieved great results. The main problem is the lack of domestic enterprises currently free technology, the technology has to imitate the line mainly, Most of the enterprises to build their own technology infrastructure also unconscious, nor the interest, and this restricts the development of technological capacity.Relative to the refrigerator compressor industry, domestic energy-efficientair-conditioning compressor study it was not perturbed, Over the years the efficiency of the compressor is no substantive change, greater market demand makes most of the air-conditioning compressor enterprises will concentrate on expanding production on. With the nation on the air conditioner energy efficiency standards set for the further improvement of China's air conditioner exports various perils of showing, domestic air-conditioning compressor of this short-sighted enterprises will be unable to adapt to the energy-saving development of the situation. Enterprise also on the follow-up is weak.2. Compressor noise and vibration studyCurrently, the noise has been regarded as one of the serious pollution. Household refrigeration equipment as the source of power and heart, refrigeration compressor noise, to be a measure of its performance as an important indicator. In fact, to a compressor speaking, Most of the noise is due to shell by some noise from the source excitation (such as springs, refrigerant pressure pulsation, exhaust pipe, lubricants etc. excited). But compressor noise sources and pathways complex and diverse, which gives the compressor noise silencer brought great difficulties.On the compressor noise, vibration and foreign scholars have conducted a large number of long-term research. Here in this regard to the main research results are summarized below :The main refrigeration compressor noise Exaggerative inlet, exhaust radiation aerodynamic noise, mechanical moving parts of machinery noise and noise-driven motor three components :2.1 Aerodynamic noiseCompressor inlet airflow noise is due to the intake manifold pressure pulsation in the elections. Inlet-frequency noise and the intake manifold gas Lane same frequency pulsating with the speed of the compressor. Compressor exhaust noise is due to air in the exhaust pipe caused by fluctuating pressures. Exhaust noise than the inlet noise weak, so the compressor aerodynamic noise generally Inlet mainly noise2.2 Mechanical NoiseCompressor mechanical noise, including members of the general impact and friction, the piston vibration, noise impact of the valve, These noise with randomness, was puted.2.3Electromagnetic noiseCompressor electromagnetic noise is generated by the motor. Motor noise and aerodynamic noise and mechanical noise is weaker compared. Noise source compressor inlet, exhaust, aerodynamic noise, the strongest, followed by mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise. Through in-depth studies, we can further that the main compressor noise from the vibration (from the Department of spring, Refrigeration medium pressure pulsation and smoke exhaust pipe and lubricants have incentive) to the ambient medium spread formation noise. On the effort to reduce compressor noise, much of the literature (abbreviated) proposed a series of measures and the Noise and Vibration Reduction program :① increase rigid shell structure to improve the overall resonance frequency reduces vibration amplitude;② curvature of the shell to avoid mutation, the surface, and the natural frequency is inversely proportional to the radius of curvature. shell shape it should be the smallest curvature radius;③ spring bearing flags will be moved to higher rigid position;④ shell should be used as little as possible of the plane; bending stress and the stress coupling membrane (just on the surface) will shell itself is fairly rigid. Therefore compressor shell to be used as little as possible planar structure;⑤ avoid the exhaust pipe and condenser incentive, optimizing exhaust flow pulsation, Exhaust pipe used in the introduction of additional volume to the elimination of pressure fluctuation spectrum of high-order harmonics;⑥ non-symmetric shell shape; Symmetrical three-dimensional structure means that the axis, along the main axis biggest stress of least resistance. Therefore it is asymmetrical shell structure means that the compressor can be greatly reduced along the axis direction of a force while the probability;⑦ set inlet, exhaust muffler, the closed Compressor Muffler generally muffler. It uses Cross Section, resonant cavity caused acoustic impedance changes in reflectivity or sound energy consumption. or use acoustic-acoustic send phase difference of 180 degrees to offset the muffler of noise. Shell compressor in the lateral closed Unicom a Helmholtz resonator, namely : Helmholtz resonator from the chamber through the neck hole and shell compressor connected into the internal cavity, to reduce compressor cavity stimulated acoustic modal amplitude. The results showed :resonator resonance frequency modulation of the actual compressor cavity stimulated the greatest vibration modes, will be substantially reduced resonance peak response spectrum and lead to significant change. However, it will affect the appearance and the compressor refrigerator settings, the research results are not yet applied to products.Lubricants and residual volume-coil motor windings will lead to the same types of bulk compressor levels between different (from levels average). By changing the shell external support to increase torsional stiffness and reduce vibration surface; Noise study the complex requirements of researchers has strong theory, the enterprise has good skills base and the need for greater investment and a longer timeframe. This is domestic enterprises compressor one of the weak links, which is now basically in the qualitative phase of experimental research, Along with a great chance and randomness.3. new refrigerants ApplicationBased on the new environmental requirements of refrigerant compressor refrigeration industry is a hot issue. As for the refrigerator product R22 refrigerant substitutes the end of the work, new refrigerant compressor in the past few years mainly concentrated in the air conditioning industry. Apart from the now relatively mature R410A, R407C the study, The largest is the hot issue of CO2 compressor. This is the only issue for a briefing.CO2 currently on the research and application of concentrated mainly in three aspects : one is the most urgent need of alternative refrigerants applications, such as automotive air conditioning, as refrigerant emissions, environmental harm, must be adopted as soon as possible without endangering the environment refrigerants; the other is to consider the characteristics of CO2 cycle, the most favorable to the use of this cycle of occasions, If heat pump water heater is to supercritical CO2 in hot conditions decentralization there is a significant temperature slip will help heat Water heated to a higher temperature characteristics of the focus of public attention; anotherone is CO2 into account the nature of heat transfer properties and characteristics of using CO2 as a refrigerant, taking into account CO2 good cold flow properties and heat transfer characteristics, use it as a cascade refrigeration cycle cryogenic stage refrigerants.Compressor transcritical carbon dioxide as an air conditioning system efficiency and reliability of the most affected parts, It should be fully integrated supercritical carbon dioxide cycle specific characteristics of a new design. Like ammonia and CO2, the adiabatic exponent K value higher, up 1.30, it may result in the compressor discharge temperature high, However, as the needs of CO2 compressor pressure ratio small, there is no need for cooling the compressor itself. Adiabatic index is high pressure over the small, I can reduce the gap compressor further expansion of the volume losses to the higher volume efficiency compressors. After experimental and theoretical research, Jurgen Horst SUB and found Kruse, reciprocating compressor is a good film sliding seal as the preferred CO2 system. 8:3 its carbon dioxide compressor exhaust valve for improved Exhaust improved compressor efficiency of carbon dioxide increased by 7%.As the carbon dioxide pressure is far greater than the traditional critical circulatory pressure, compressor shaft seal design requirements than the original compressor is much higher, compressor shaft seal leakage over a period of time is still hampered Actually, the main reason.Danfoss, Denso, ZEXEL such as carbon dioxide compressor has entered the stage of small batch production.The IEA in March 1999, the Joint Japan, Norway, Sweden, Britain and the United States to activate the "Selected Issue on CO2 as working fluid Compression Systems in the "three-year project.Beginning in 1994, BMW, DAIMLERBENZ VOL O, Germany's Volkswagen and Danfoss. Péchiney and other European companies launched the famous "RACE" to the joint project, the Joint European well-known universities, automotive air conditioning manufacturers and other developed CO2 automotive air-conditioning system. Subregion Motor Company has production equipment CO2 carair-conditioning systems of cars, Germany KONVECTA production to the quality of CO2 in the air-conditioned Buses run from 1996 to date. DANFOSS, the Obrist Austria, the United Kingdom have developed a carbon dioxide compressor motor. Japan DENSO, ZEXEL CO2 compressor has entered the stage of mass production.With major manufacturers inputs, the type of CO2 compressor with ordinary motor compressor trend line major swing to determine the displacement swashplate, scroll and the main variable displacement.4. New principle of refrigeration compressorsIn recent years, the new structure and working principle of refrigeration compressor made a more progress, mainly linear compressor, Elliptic compressors, compressor rotor Swing, spiral vane compressor, in the past, the author has been described in the article, here will not repeat it.Linear compressor which is the domestic refrigerator compressor industry the focus of attention. In 2004 the International Compressor Engineering Conference has five linear compressor on the article. LG and researchers still Sunpower two main companies. The past two years, several domestic enterprises in the refrigerator compressor to the development of the linear compressor, However, enterprises have the technical foundation for the domestic financial strength and the limitations of scientific research institutions, believe in a short period of time can not enter the stage of industrialization.5 the classification of the refrigeration compressor5.1 reciprocating compressorReciprocating compressor is a kind of traditional refrigeration compressor, the biggest characteristic is to achieve the capacity and pressure than any of the design. Although it is widely applied, but the market share is gradually reduced.So far, the fridge (including small freezing and cold storage device) host compound compressor is ever to give priority to. Through the optimal design of valve structure, friction pair, reciprocating refrigerator compressor refrigeration coefficient of power refrigerating capacity (units) by 1.0 (w/w) of the early ninety s to today's 1.8 or so; In addition to the energy saving technology progress, and environmental protection is closely related to the refrigerant alternative technology has also made gratifying progress, refrigerator system in our country has a large number of using R600 hydrocarbons, such as small refrigeration device is also used the new working substance such as everything. To further improve the efficiency of the reciprocating compressor refrigerator, to reduce the system noise is still the development direction of it.5.2 linear compressorStill make reciprocating linear compressor, due to the linear motion of the motor can be directly drives the piston reciprocating motion, so as to avoid the complexity of the crank connecting rod mechanism and the resulting mechanical power consumption. Linear compressor assembly as the refrigerator system has appeared, the refrigeration coefficient of linear refrigerator compressor has more than 2.0 (w/w), market prospects look good. The main problem is the design of the compressor oil system and the effective control of linear motor displacement limit point and the corresponding anti-collision cylinder technology.5.3 the swash plate compressorSwash plate compressor is also a kind of variant structure of reciprocating compressor, is mainly used in automotive air conditioning system at present. Afterdecades of development, the swash plate compressor has become a very mature model, in possession of more than 70 of the automotive air conditioning compressor market. In spite of this, because it still belongs to the series of reciprocating structure, so in the car air conditioning system can effect comparing (refrigeration coefficient) and only around 1.5, weight and volume is big, big. Because of the mature of swashplate automobile air conditioning compressor technology, combined with technology, further improvement in the foreseeable future, will continue to maintain a certain market share, but in a certain displacement range by substituting is inevitable.5.4 rotor compressorRotor compressor in the 1970 s by the attention of domestic, it represents the structure including the rolling piston type, sliding-vane, etc. On the rolling piston type is widely used in household air conditioner at present, there are also some applications on the refrigerator. This kind of compressor don't need air suction valve, make it suitable for variable speed operation, which can improve system performance by frequency conversion control. In order to ensure high power (3 p) of the motor output power in the performance of the rolling piston compressor, the domestic research and development and the end of last century, double rotor rolling piston compressor, is now on the market. Double rotor on the rolling piston compressor structure has two advantages: (1) force of the rotating system be improved, the machine vibration and noise is reduced; (2) increase the standalone swept volume and improve the output power of the motor.Below 3 p air conditioning unit, temporarily can not replace a good model of the rolling piston compressor. So improve the efficiency of the compression process, reduce noise and motor speed control and the R410A and other related technical issues after new refrigerating agent, etc., is a research direction of the rolling piston compressor.Sliding vane compressor is a kind of rotor compressor, mainly used to provide compressed air, displacement is in commonly 0.3-3 m3 / min, the market share is low.Rotary vane compressor sliding vane compressor is a kind of transition structure, because of its better starting performance, the compression process torque change is not big, at present is mainly used for miniature cars and some smaller displacement plumbing vehicle air conditioning system. The dynamic characteristics under high speed is the main technology of this compressor research direction.5.5 screw compressorScrew compressor with small size, light weight, easy to maintenance etc., is a model of the fast development in refrigeration compressor. On the one hand, the screw type line, structural design has made considerable progress, on the other hand, the introduction of special screw rotor milling especially grinding, improve the machining precision and machining efficiency of key parts, makes the performance of screw compressor has been effectively improved, industrialization production of the necessary hardware also has the safeguard. At present, the screw compressor is given priority to with compressed air, in medium ReBengShi air conditioning has successful application in the system. Due to increasing the reliability of the screw compressor work within the scope of the medium refrigerating capacity has gradually replace of reciprocating compressor and occupied most of the centrifugal compressor market. 5.6 scroll compressorScroll compressor has been rapid development in the past ten years, the structure of the basic theory, research and development to achieve large-scale industrial production, industrial prototype constitutes the compressor technology development new luminescent spot. The development of numerical control processing technology to realize the mass production, the vortex compressor incomparable performance advantage is the precondition of its vast in the market. A few short years, has been in the field of cabinet air conditioning holds an absolute advantage. In cabinet air conditioning system, scroll compressor refrigeration coefficient has amounted to 3.4 (w/w); In the field of automotive air conditioning, the refrigeration coefficient of scroll compressor has amounted to 2.0 (w/w), and shows strong competition potential. The development of the vortex compressor is to enlarge itsrange of refrigerating capacity, further improve the efficiency, using alternative working medium and lower the manufacturing cost, etc.Since there is no valve, compression force and torque and small changes in the structure make it more suitable for the advantages of frequency control of motor speed operation, it also become the main direction of scroll compressor technology development. Development of scroll compressor of variable displacement mechanism is the key point of the development of the technology. At present, the use of axial sealing technology, "flexible" theory can realize cooling/heating capacity of 10% to 100% within the scope of the regulation.Due to the vortex compressor suction exhaust characteristic of almost continuous, low starting torque and liquid impact resistance, created the condition for parallel use of vortex compressor. In parallel with the vortex compressor can greatly increase the cooling capacity of the unit, can increase from the current single 25 horsepower to single unit 100 horsepower (4 sets of single parallel), and makes the cold quantity adjustment is more reasonable, give full play to the single machine with the highest efficiency. But single in parallel, one of the biggest problems is the oil return is not the average of the unit when using single machine burning phenomenon.3.1.5 centrifugal compressorAt present in large quantity of cold (greater than 1500 kw) remain within the scope of advantage, this is mainly benefited from the cold quantity range, it has incomparable system overall efficiency. The movement of the centrifugal compressor parts little and simple, and its manufacturing precision is much lower than the screw compressor, these are the characteristics of the manufacturing cost is relatively low, and reliable. Relatively speaking, the development of centrifugal compressor is slow, due to the challenges of the screw compressor and absorption chiller. Centrifuge market capacity is around 700 ~ between 1200, because under the premise that the current technology, the machine is mainly used for air conditioning of large buildings, demand is limited. In recent years because of the large infrastructure projects are built, the centrifugal refrigeration and air conditioning compressor is becoming a hot spot ofattention again. Solve surge phenomenon, improve the volume adjustment and the adaptability to change with working condition, miniaturization technology is the main development direction of the centrifugal compressor technology.3.1.6 other structure formsSingle tooth of the compressor, some structures, such as cross slider compressor unique positive displacement compressor also has a certain degree of development, but has not been formed in the domestic production capacity.5. Special refrigeration compressorsAlthough domestic enterprises household refrigeration compressors long accustomed to large-scale production mode, we are accustomed to the number of effectiveness. However, the fierce price competition situation, as products become increasingly lower profit margins, When the production of millions of compressors can only make a few million dollars of profit, some on special refrigeration compressors can be regarded as a way out. Special refrigeration compressor exhaustive, it is impossible in this enumeration. But their common feature is their production scale is small, a single high-profit products faster transition, In most cases the need for the user's requirements designed. These products lead to more and more domestic enterprises to the compressor. If the number of domestic enterprises are developing or already have production capacity of the refrigerator compressor truck翻译小型制冷压缩机研究压缩机是制冷系统的核心和心脏，它决定了制冷系统的能力和特征。
制冷专业英语大全
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷refrigeration蒸发制冷evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋desert bag制冷机refrigerating machine制冷机械refrigerating machinery制冷工程refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商refrigeration contractor 制冷工作者refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer 制冷技术员refrigeration technician 制冷技师refrigeration technician制冷技工refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman 冷藏链cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop 冷藏refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器heat exchanger 热交换器heat exchanger紧凑式换热器compact heat exchanger 管式换热器tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器surface type heat exchanger表面式换热器surface type heat exchanger板管式换热器tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器counter flow heat exchanger*流式换热器cross-flow heat echanger 折流式换热器turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器heat pipe exchanger蓄热器recuperator壳管式换热器shell and tube heat exchanger 管板tube plate可拆端盖removable head管束bundle of tube管束尺寸size of tube bundle顺排管束in-line hank of tubes错排管束staggered hank of tubes盘管coil蛇形管serpentine coil U形管U-tube光管bare tube肋片管finned tube 翅片管finned tube肋管finned tube肋管束finned tube bundle肋片fin套片plate fin螺旋肋spiral fin整体肋integral fin纵向肋longitudinal fin 钢丝肋wire fin内肋inner fin肋片管尺寸size of fin tube肋片厚度fin thickness 肋距spacing of fin肋片数pitch of fin肋片长度finned length肋片高度finned height肋效率fin efficiency 换热面积heat exchange surface传热面积heat exchange surface冷却面积cooling surface加热表面heat exchange surface基表面primary surface 扩展表面extended surface肋化表面finned surface迎风表面face area流通表面flow area净截面积net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速face velocity净截面流速air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速face velocity of mass净截面质量流速mass velocity at net area冷（热）媒有效流通面积effective area for cooling or heating medium冷（热）媒流速velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition；sensible cooling condition湿工况wet condition；dehumidifying condition 接触系数contactfactor旁通系数bypass factor 换热效率系数coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却surface cooling蒸发冷却evaporating cooling冷却元件cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应Ranque-Hilsch effect涡流管制冷vortex tube refrigeration涡流管vortex tube兰克管Ranque tube 膨胀喷嘴expansion injector涡流室vortex device 分离孔板separation orifice调节阀control valve 膨胀压力比expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量cold gas fraction热气流分量hot gas fraction冷却效应coolingeffect加热效应heating effect冷却效率cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应magnetocaloric effect 磁制冷magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机magnetic refrigerating machine磁冰箱magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统refrigeration system制冷机refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统compression system压缩机compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor,refrigerant compressor吸气端suction end排气端discharge end 低压侧low pressure side高压侧high pressure side蒸发压力evaporating pressure吸气压力suction pressure,back pressure 排气压力discharge pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature冷凝压力condensing pressure冷凝温度condensing temperature吸气温度suction temperature回气温度back temperature排气温度discharge temperature压缩比compression ratio双效压缩dual compression 单级压缩single-stage compression双级压缩compound compression多级压缩multistage compression压缩级compression stage低压级low pressure stage高压级high pressure stage中间压力intermediate pressure中间冷却intercooling 多级膨胀multistage expansion湿压缩wet compression干压缩drycompression制冷系统refrigerating system机械制冷系统mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator bygravity液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统indirect refrigeration system融霜系统defrosting system热气融霜系统defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigerating system冰堵freeze-up 冰塞ice plug脏堵filth blockage油堵greasy blockage 液击（冲缸、敲缸）slugging湿行程wet stroke镀铜现象appearance of copper-plating烧毁burn-out倒霜frost back制冷机组refrigerating unit压缩机组compressor unit开启式压缩机组open type compresssor unit 开启式压缩机open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组semihermeticcompressor unit半封闭式压缩机semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机hermetically sealed compressor压缩冷凝机组condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组semihermetically sealed condensing unit 开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组commercial condensing unit整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机positive displacement compressor往复式压缩机（活塞式压缩机）reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机rotary compressor滑片式压缩机sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机single vane rotary compressor滚动转子式压缩机rolling rotor compressor 三角转子式压缩机triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机multi-vane rotary compressor滑片blade旋转活塞式压缩机rolling piston compressor涡旋式压缩机scroll compressor涡旋盘scroll固定涡旋盘stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘driven scroll,orbiting scroll斜盘式压缩机（摇盘式压缩机）swash plate compressor斜盘swash plate摇盘wobble plate螺杆式压缩机screw compressor单螺杆压缩机single screw compressor阴转子female rotor 阳转子male rotor主转子main rotor闸转子gate rotor无油压缩机oil free compressor膜式压缩机diaphragm compressor活塞式压缩机reciprocating compressor单作用压缩机single acting compressor双作用压缩机double acting compressor双效压缩机dual effect compressor双缸压缩机twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机closed crankcase compressor 开式曲轴箱压缩机open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机uniflow compressor逆流式压缩机return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机dry piston compressor双级压缩机compund compressor多级压缩机multistage compressor差动活塞式压缩机stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机tandem compressor,dualcompressor截止阀line valve,stop valve排气截止阀discharge line valve吸气截止阀suction line valve部分负荷旁通口partial duty port能量调节器energy regulator容量控制滑阀capacity control slide valve容量控制器capacity control消声器muffler联轴节coupling曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱加热器crankcase heater 轴封crankcase seal,shaft seal填料盒stuffing box轴封填料shaft packing机械密封mechanical seal波纹管密封bellows seal转动密封rotary seal 迷宫密封labyrinth seal 轴承bearing滑动轴承sleeve bearing偏心环eccentric strap 滚珠轴承ball bearing 滚柱轴承roller bearing滚针轴承needle bearing止推轴承thrust bearing外轴承pedestal bearing臼形轴承footstep bearing轴承箱bearing housing止推盘thrust collar偏心销eccentric pin 曲轴平衡块crankshaft counterweight,crankshaf t balance weight曲柄轴crankaxle偏心轴eccentric type crankshaft曲拐轴crankthrow type crankshaft连杆connecting rod 连杆大头crank pin end连杆小头piston pin end曲轴crankshaft主轴颈main journal 曲柄crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销crank pin曲拐crank throw曲拐机构crank-toggle 阀盘valve disc阀杆valve stem阀座valve seat阀板valve plate阀盖valve cage阀罩valve cover阀升程限制器valve lift guard阀升程valve lift阀孔valve port吸气口suction inlet压缩机气阀compressor valve吸气阀suction valve 排气阀delivery valve 圆盘阀disc valve环片阀ring plate valve 簧片阀reed valve舌状阀cantilever valve 条状阀beam valve提升阀poppet valve 菌状阀mushroom valve杯状阀tulip valve缸径cylinder bore余隙容积clearance volume附加余隙（补充余隙）clearance pocket活塞排量swept volume,piston displacement理论排量theoretical displacement实际排量actual displacement实际输气量actual displacement,actual output of gas气缸工作容积working volume of the cylinder活塞行程容积piston displacement气缸cylinder气缸体cylinder block 气缸壁cylinder wall 水冷套water cooled jacket气缸盖（气缸头）cylinder head安全盖（假盖）safety head假盖false head活塞环piston ring气环sealing ring刮油环scraper ring油环scrape ring活塞销piston pin活塞piston活塞行程piston stroke 吸气行程suction stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke压缩行程compression stroke排气行程discharge stroke升压压缩机booster compressor立式压缩机vertical compressor卧式压缩机horizontal compressor角度式压缩机angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机absorption refrigerating machine吸收式制冷系统absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统intermittent absoprtion system连续循环吸收式系统continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷solid absorption refrigeration 氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine单级氨-水吸收式制冷机single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine多级氨-水吸收式制冷机multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine双级氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生和双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process分解decomposition水解hydrolysis扩散diffusion能量增强剂energy booster缓蚀剂anticorrsive发生不足incomplete boiling吸收不足incompleteabsorption喷淋密度sprinkle density溴化锂lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液aqueous solution of lithium bromide氨水溶液aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂absorbent,absorbing agent吸附剂adsorbent溶液solution浓度concentration溶解度solubility溶剂solvent溶质solute浓溶液rich solution,concentrated solution稀溶液weak solution,diluted solution 溶液分压partial pressure of liquor吸收absorption吸附adsorption吸收式制冷absorption refrigeration 吸附式制冷adsorption refrigeration 工质对working substance热力系数heat ratio放气范围deflation ratio焓-浓度图enthalpy concentration chart溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组lithiumbromideabsorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump蒸汽型吸收式制冷机steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机hot water operated absorption refrigerating machine发生器generator沉浸式发生器submerged generator喷淋式发生器spray-type generator 立式降膜式发生器vertical falling film generator直燃式发生器direct-fired generator高压发生器high pressure generator低压发生器low pressure generator吸收器absorber喷淋式吸收器spray absorber降膜式吸收器falling film absorber立式降膜式吸收器vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器horizontal falling film absorber喷淋装置spray system 溶液换热器solution heat exchanger溶晶管anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置purging system精馏器rectifier屏蔽泵shield pump发生器泵generator pump吸收器泵absorber pump蒸发器泵evaporator pump溶液泵solution pump 氨水泵aqua-ammonia pump混合阀mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能solar energy太阳常数solar constant太阳能系统solar energy system被动式太阳能系统passive solar energy system主动式太阳能系统active solar energy system混合式太阳能系统hybrid solar energy system太阳能制冷solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷solarpowered cooling 太阳能吸收式制冷机solar absorption refrigerating machine光-热转换制冷photothermal refrigeration光-电转换制冷photoelectrical refrigeration太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机continual solar absorption refrigerating machine间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置solar air-conditioning system 太阳能制冷系统solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器solar collector选择式吸收表面selective absorber surface电淀积electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器flat plate solar collector 真空管太阳能集热器tubular solarcollector,vacuum tube collector聚光型太阳能机热器focus solar collector集热量heat-collecting capacity集热温度heat-collecting temperature集热效率heat-collecting efficiency 蓄热介质heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器rock storge container辅助热源supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统solar energy storge system 太阳能供热系统solar heating system,solar space heating installation自然循环闭式供水系统natural convection closed water system强制循环闭式供水系统forced convection in a closed water system 热风供热系统warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管heat pipe深冷热管cryogenic heat pipe低温热管lowtemperature heat pipe 中温热管moderate temperature heat pipe 高温热管liquid metal heat pipe管芯wick相容性compatibility 传热极限heat transport limitation重力热管gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器heat pipe surgery cryoprobe 余热exhaust heat低温余热low temperature exhaust heat余热制冷utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine 动力-制冷循环power/refrigeration cycle透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流swirl叶片颤振blade flutter 叶片通过频率blade passing frequency喘振surging脱流stall叶轮反应度(反作用度)impeller reaction叶轮impeller半开式叶轮unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮shrouded impeller叶片blade,vane导流叶片组件pre-rotary vane assembly扩压器diffuser蜗壳scroll滑动slip透平压缩机turbocompressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor 轴流式压缩机axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机subsonic compressor超音速压缩机supersonic compressor 冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔atmpspheric cooling tower，natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔induced draught cooling tower 送风式冷水塔forceddraught cooling tower 水膜式冷水塔film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔spray cooling tower拉西环Rasching rings 温度接近值approach 水垢scale水垢抑制剂scale inhibitor藻类algae防藻剂algaecide淀渣slime升压阀back-up valve 冷水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower 凉水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower 冷却塔water cooling tower，cooling tower 喷水池spray pond干式冷水塔dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔wet-dry cooling tower 冷水塔填料packing of cooling tower，fill of cooling tower膜式填料film packing 帘栅形填料grid packing，grid fill片式填料plate packing，plate fill松散填料random packing，random fill飞溅式填料splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器turbine cooler温降temperature drops开式循环open cycle 闭式循环closed cycle 除水water elimination 补气air supply回热式空气制冷循环regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统aircraft air-conditioning system增压式飞机空调系统"Bootstrap" system冲压空气ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节flow regulation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve 热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve 内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge 吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge 膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve流量调节flow regualation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansionvalve节流阀throttle valve 热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve 内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge 吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge 膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀constant pressure expansion valve能量调节capacity regulator单机能量调节capacity regulation of single unit 卸载能量调节capacity regulation of load drainage程序指令式能量调节系统capacity regulation system of program order电磁阀solenoid valve 电磁滑阀magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机steam-jet refrigerating machine蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统steam jet refrigerating system蒸汽喷射器steam ejector主喷射器main ejector 辅助喷射器auxiliary ejector喷射系数jet coefficient主冷凝器main condenser辅助冷凝器auxiliary condenser多效蒸发multieffective evaporation高位安装high-level installation低位安装low-level installation高低位安装high-low-level installation臭氧层保护英语臭氧ozone臭氧层ozonesphere,ozone layer 臭氧层破坏ozonesphere depletion,ozonesphere disturbance消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances（ODS）禁用制冷剂forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂transition refrigerant替代制冷剂substituterefrigerant自然制冷剂natural refrigerant氟利昂家族freon group全氟代烃fluorocarbon （FC）氯氟烃chloroflurocarbon （CFC）氢氟烃hydrofluorocarbon （HCF）含氢氯氟烃hydrochloroflurocarbon （HCFC）含氢氯化烃hydrochlorocarbon （HCC）全氯化烃polychlorocarbon （PCC）哈龙Halon 共沸混合物azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound,hydrocarbon （HC）臭氧消耗潜能值ozone depletion potential（ODP）温室效应greenhouse effect 全球变暖global warming京都议定书kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值global warming potential （GWP）变暖影响总当量total equivalent warming impact （TEWI）寿命期气候性能life cycle climate performance（LCCP）蕴含能量embodied energy不易收集的排放fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration温差电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration半导体制冷semiconductor refrigeration热电效应thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应Peltier effect热电制冷效应thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应Thomson effect焦耳效应Joule effect 傅里叶效应Fourier effect温差电动势thermoelectric power塞贝克系数Seebeck coefficient优值系数figure of merit热电堆thermoelectric pile温差电堆thermoelectric pile最佳电流optimum current经济电流economic current热电半导体thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料thermoelectric material 热电制冷材料thermoelectric cooling materialn型半导体n-type semiconductorsp型半导体p-type semiconductors半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigerat ing unit热电制冷器thermoelectric refrigerating unit热电空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体恒温器thermoelectric thermostat半导体冷饮水器thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵thermoelectric heat pump半导体降温机thermoelectric dehumidifier低温半导体制冷器low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit粘接式半导体制冷器sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit嵌装式半导体制冷器inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit复叠式半导体制冷器cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit医用半导体制冷器medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统open brine system闭式盐水系统closed brine system盐水箱brine bank 盐水混合箱brine mixing tank盐水溢流箱brine return tank盐水回流箱brine return tank盐水膨胀箱brine balance tank盐水加热器brine heater盐水冷却器brine cooler盐水筒brine drum盐水集管brine header 盐水泵brine pump盐水喷雾brine spray 盐水喷淋brine sparge 制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔S TAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思” VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况operating conditions标准性能standard rating标准工况standard condition空调工况air conditioning condition 内部条件internal conditions外部条件external conditions蓄热accumulation of heat 蓄冷accumulation of cold制冰能力ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance容积效率volumetric efficiency容积输气量vulumetric displacement 实际输气量actual displacement理论输气量theoretical displacement冷凝热量condenser heat过冷热量heat of subcooling过热热量superheat运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions标准制冷量standard rating名义工况normal conditions试验工况test conditions轴功率brake power效率efficiency指示效率indicated efficiency机械效率mechanical efficiency总效率overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance （COP）制冷压缩机的制冷系数refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance热力完善度thermodynamical perfectness能效比energy efficiency ratio （EER）热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热（减湿）制冷量useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of airconditioner空调器有效总制冷量useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant单位压缩功compress work per mass示功图indicator diagram指示功indicated work 摩擦功frictional work 功率power摩擦功率frictional power指示功率indicated power理论功率idea power 制冷量refrigerating capacity总制冷量gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume制冷系统制冷量system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation，refrigerating plant工业制冷装置industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置commercial refrigerating plant 中心站房central station成套机组self-contained system 规范安装code installation制冷回路refrigerating circuit热平衡heat balance货物负荷product load 操作负荷service load 设计负荷design load 负荷系数load factor 制冷装置试验与操作试运转commissioning 吹污flush气密性试验gas-tight test，air-right test密闭容器closed container漏气air infiltration放气air vent检漏leak hunting，leak detection检漏仪leak detector 卤素灯halide torch电子检漏仪electronic leak detector真空试验vacuum test 试验压力test pressure 工作压力operating pressure，working pressure最高工作压力highest operating pressure气密试验压力gas-tight test pressure 设计压力design pressure平衡压力balance pressure充气aerate，gas charging制冷剂充注refrigerant charging首次充注initial charge 保护充注holding charge，service charge 制冷剂不足lack of refrigerant，under-charge，gas shortage缺液starveling充灌台charging board 充灌量charge充注过多overcharge 供液过多overfeeding 制冷剂抽空pump down of refrigerant降温试验pull downtest制冷[功能]试验refrigeration test卸载起动no-load starting，unloaded start 卸载机构unloader闪发flash vaporization，instantaneous vaporization闪发气体flash gas不凝性气体non condensable gas气体排除gas purging，degassing，gasoff阀针跳动hammering，needle hammer阀振荡hunting of a valve阀片跳动valve flutter，valve bounce短期循环short-cycling 异常温升overheating 泄漏leak气蚀cavitation制冷剂瓶refrigerant cylinder，gas bottle检修用瓶service cylinder，gas bottle紧急泄放阀emergency-relief valve 检修阀service valve 安全阀pressure relief valve抽空阀pump out valve 加油阀oil charge valve 放油阀oil drain valve 放空阀purge valve充灌阀charging valve 喷液阀liquid injectionvalve润滑油润滑油lubricant oil冷冻机油refrigeration oil冷冻油refrigerant oil 凝点condensation point闪点flash point浊点cloud point絮凝点flock point流动点pour point起泡foaming皂化saponify油泥sludge结碳carbonization制冷剂制冷剂（制冷工质）refrigerant高温制冷剂high temperature refrigerant 低压制冷剂low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂medium temperature refrigerant 中压制冷剂medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂low temperature refrigerant 高压制冷剂high pressure refrigerant氟利昂freon卤化碳制冷剂halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125 氟利昂134a freon 134a 氟利昂152a freon 152a 碳氢化合物制冷剂hydrocarbon refrigerant 甲烷methane乙烷ethane丙烷propane丁烷butane异丁烷isobutane乙烯ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compund refrigerant氨ammonia二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide干冰dry ice 共沸制冷剂azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500 氟里昂501 freon 501 氟里昂502 freon 502 氟里昂503 freon 503 氟里昂504 freon 504 近共沸溶液制冷剂near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器shell-and-coil evaporator 壳管式蒸发器shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器spray-type evaporator 立管式蒸发器vertical-type evaporator 平行管蒸发器receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器submerged evaporator 板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator螺旋板式蒸发器spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator，tube-in-sheet evaporator 管板式蒸发器tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器ice cube maker evaporator 结冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器nonfrosting evaporator 强制通风蒸发器forced circulation evaporator冷液式蒸发器liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器wrap-round evaporator 蒸发器evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器direct evaporator直接式蒸发器direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器indirect evaporator干式蒸发器dry expansion evaporator 满液式蒸发器flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器pump-feed evaporator 冷凝器英语冷凝器condenser冷凝液condensate空冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器natural convecton air-cooled condenser强制通风式冷凝器forced draught condenser冷凝风机condensate fan线绕式冷凝器wire and tube condenser水冷式冷凝器water-cooled condenser 沉浸式盘管冷凝器submerged coil condenser套管式冷凝器double pipe condenser壳管式冷凝器shell and tube condenser组合式冷凝器multishell condenser卧式壳管式冷凝器closed shell and tube condenser卧式冷凝器closed condenser 立式壳管式冷凝器open shell and tube condenser立式冷凝器open condenser，vertical condenser壳盘管式冷凝器shell and coil condenser分隔式冷凝器split condenser淋激式冷凝器atmospheric condenser 溢流式冷凝器bleeder-type condenser 蒸发式冷凝器evaporative condenser 板式冷凝器plate-type condenser空冷板式冷凝器air-cooled plate-type。
制冷行业中英文术语对照2019.8.22
制冷行业中英文术语对照2019.8.22空调、制冷词汇中英文对照表1 主题内容与适用范围本标准适用于本公司的所有空调产品及技术文件所使用的名词、术语。
本标准提供一套标准的，统一的制冷、空调名词，术语的中英文对照表，用作产品说明书，图样及有关技术文件的用词规范。
2 词汇中英文对照表2.1 通用词汇部分制冷refrigeration空气调节air conditioning环境条件environmental conditions标准工况standard test condition空调工况air conditioning condition制冷量refrigerating capacity(cooling capacity)标准制冷量standard cooling capacity能效比energy efficiency ratio(EER)性能系数coefficient of performance(COP)温度temperature湿度humidity压力pressure干空气dry air湿空气moist air大气压力atmospheric pressure饱和空气saturated air干球温度dry bulb temperature湿球温度wet bulb temperature露点温度dew point temperature机器露点apparatus dew point绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity含湿量specific humidity空气循环air circulation制冷系统refrigeration system制冷循环refrigeration cycle(cooling cycle) 制热循环heating cycle蒸发evaporation冷凝condensation过冷subcooling过热superheat过程process压缩compression膨胀expansion节流throttling灌注量refrigerant charge制冷剂refrigerant氟利昂22 freon22润滑油lubricant oil吸气端suction end排气端discharge end低压侧low pressure side高压侧high pressure side蒸发压力evaporating pressure冷凝压力condessing pressure吸气压力suction pressure排气压力discharge pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature冷凝温度condensing temperature吸气温度suction temperature排气温度discharge temperature压缩比compression ratio制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigeration system 冰堵ice blockage脏堵filth blockage油堵greasy blockage液击slugging结霜frost formation除霜defrosting自动除霜automatic defrosting定时除霜time defrosting空气净化air cleaning空气除臭air deodorization空气离子化air ionization循环风量air flow volume制热量heating capacity噪声noise空气动力性噪声air power noise机械噪声mechanical noise消声sound attenuation声强级sound intensity level产品product图纸drawing技术文件technical file尺寸dimension技术要求technical requirement长度length宽度width高度height超薄ultra—thin系列series保护装置protection devices纠正correct(correction)更改modification(modify)编制compile标准化standardize校对proofread工艺technology(workmanship)审核check 审定examine and approve批准approve签名signature(sign)日期date爆炸图assembly drawing组件components零件parts结构structure厂商manufacturer认证资料approved information附录attachment方案procedure标题栏underline明细栏specification list绝缘电阻insulation resistance起动电流starting current运转电流running current泄漏电流leakage current耐压试验high-voltage test安全试验safety test温升试验temperture-raise test溢水试验water over-flow test潮态试验humidity-state test把手handle功率power电流current起动试验starting test非正常运行abnormal operation堵转试验locked test机械强度试验mechanical strength test 接地方式earthing methods开路circuit-open断路circuit-break短路circuit-short接线端子wiring terminal爬电距离creepage distance电气间隙clearance基本绝缘basic insulation附加绝缘supplementary insulation 加强绝缘reinforced insulation对重绝缘double insulation额定电压rated voltage额定电压范围rated voltage range工作电压working voltage额定输入功率rated input power额定电流rated current额定频率rated frequency额定频率范围rated frequency range电源软线power supply cordX连接type X attachmentY连接type Y attachmentZ连接type Z attachment电源引线supply leadsI类器具class I appliance正常负截normal load气候类别climate type塑料件plastic parts内部结构internal structure流线型streamline特点(性) features数据data性能参数specification诊断diagnostic直径diameter公差tolerance用户手册owner’s manual产品说明书product instruction manual 包装箱package carton 装箱单packing list铭牌nameplate型号model型号标识model mark图样目录index of drawing文件目录index of files汇总表specifications list自制件self-making part外协件cooperation part外购件purchased part商标trademark合格证quality certificate保修卡guarantee card用户档案files of consumer项目item外形尺寸outlines and dimensions控制系统controlling systems功能function液晶显示liquid crystal indicate加工工艺machine workmanship装饰decoration装配质量assembly quality抗干扰immunity机械制图mechanic drawing标准件stardard parts总装general assembly工艺总结sunmary of technological work喇叭口outlet with flare检漏leakage test防潮moisture resistance电气强度electric strength工艺性technological efficiency工艺性审查review of technological efficiency 可加工性machinability生产过程production process工艺过程process序号item no代号code no名称description规格specification页数page no.备注remarks幅面size工艺文件technological documentation工艺路线process route工艺设计process design工艺要素process factor工艺规范process specification工艺参数process parameter工艺准备process preparation of production 工艺设备manufacturing equipment生产纲领production program生产类型type of production生产批量production batch生产周期production cycle原材料raw material主要材料primary material，辅助材料auxiliary material工件workpiece在制品work-in-process半成品semifinished product成品final product合格品conforming product不合格品non-conforming product废品scrap焊接welding热处理heat treatment表面处理surface treatment机械加工machining装配assembly工序operation安装set up基准datum工艺孔auxiliary hole工艺尺寸process dimension尺寸链dimension chain加工精度machining accuracy表面粗糙度surface roughness夹具jigs and fixtures弯管pipe bending扩口flaring缩口necking去毛刺deburring除锈rust removal清洗cleaning2.2机器词汇部分房间空调器room air conditioner单元式空调机unitary air conditioner窗式空调机window-type air conditioner 分体式空调器split-type air conditioner室内机indoor unit室外机outdoor unit蒸发器evaporator冷凝器condenser毛细管capillary压缩机compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor(回转)转子式压缩机rotary compressor涡旋式压缩机scroll compressor气缸cylinder吸气阀suction valve排气阀discharge valve理论排量theoretical displacement实除排量actual displacement热交换器heat exchangerU形管U-shape tube吊顶式ceiling suspended吸顶式ceiling cassettes(ceiling concealed)壁挂式wall mounted落地式floor standing光管plain copper pipe内螺纹管inner groove copper pipe翅片管finned tube四通换向阀4-way reversing valve单向阀one-way valve轴流风机axial flow fan(propeller fan)离心风机centrifugal fan(sirocco fan)贯流风机cross flow fan(linefrow fan)截止阀cut-off valve(ball valve)过滤器strainer底盘(底板) chassis(lower panel)安装板installation sheet前(后)面板front(rear) panel侧板side plate(side panel)边板end plate (end panel)风扇电机fan motor电机支架motor support中间隔板mid．isolation sheet(separator support plate)网罩protection grill nets扫风电机swing motor(louver motor)步进电机step motor (vane motor)进风格栅air intake grill步进电机座vane crank继电器引线relay assy lead电器安装板electrical supporting plate盖板cover plate(top plate)电容capacitor电容夹capacitor clamp胶圈o-gasket管路系统tubing systems排气管discharge pipe吸气管suction pipe电气原理图electrical schematic diagram 电气接线图electrical wring diagram线路图circuit diagram保温管thermal insulation pipe连接管堵头connection pipe cap电器安装盒electrical box汽液分离器liquid-gas separator接线板T erminal Board交流接触器AC contactor贮液器liquid accumlator波纹软管corrugated pipe四芯(六芯)控制线signal cable with 4(6)cores 电热管heater element扫风叶片支架louver support左右端盖side box (L,R)电源线power cord控制器controller红外遥控器remote controller继电器relay主令开关main switch温控器thermostat螺钉screw螺栓bolt螺母nut垫圈gasket排水管drainage pipe油分离器oil separator插片inset block插孔inset bolt电机保护器motor protector保险丝fusePTC发热元件PTC electrical heater 变压器transformer控制面膜controlling panel脚轮castor固定螺丝set screw底板under plate水位开关water-level switch触摸开关touch switch热断路thermal cut-out限温器temperature limiter电脑芯片IC集成电路integrated circuit可控硅controlled silicon蜂鸣器buzzer插座socket插头plug过滤网air filter过滤栅filter grille蜗壳propeller housing水箱water tank水箱盖tank cover上隔板upper inner cover下隔板lower inner cover上卡板top cover下卡板bottom cover扫风叶片swing louver支撑条support bar导风叶片louver出风格栅air outlet grill出水管drainage duct出水槽outlet for water模具mould灯箱light box机壳body感温包temp.sensor电磁阀solenoid valve电磁线圈solenoid coil压缩机过载保护thermal switch高压保护high pressure switch低压保护low pressure switch吊顶机风扇蜗壳casing set集水盘drain pan安装螺钉盖screw cover(screw cap) 壁挂机安装板wall frame电机固定件motor holder电机固定圈rubber mount风叶护网fan guard2.3 仪器,仪表词汇部分温度计thermometer水银温度计mercurial thermometer 电阻温度计resistance thermometer 热敏电阻thermistor热电偶thermocouple热电偶温度计thermocouple thermometor 量热计calorimeter 表压gauge pressure绝对压力absolute pressure压力计pressure gauge真空vacuum真空计pressure gauge真空压力计compound gauge干球温度计dry bulb thermometer温球温度计wet bulb thermometer温度计hygrometer干湿球温度计dry-wet bulb hygrometer流量计flowrator喷嘴flow nozzle质量流量计mass flowmeter温度传感器temperature sensor湿度传感器humidity sensor风速仪anemometer机械风速仪mechanical anemometer数字风速仪digital anemometer热线风速仪hot-wire anemometer声级计sound level meter工具tool测量放大器measurement amplifier电容传声器condenser microphone绝缘电阻表insolation resistance meter耐压测试仪high_voltage reliability meter接地电阻测试台testing station of earthing resistance泄漏电流测试装置testing equipment of leaking current直流电阻电桥electric bridge of DC resistance灼热丝试验装置testing equipment for scorching漏电起痕试验装置testing equipment of scrap with leaking current 球压装置ball-pressure apparatus扩口器rube-outlet expamder弯管器rube bender卤素检漏仪halogen leak detector电子检漏仪electrical leak detector板子wrench冲击钻electric driven rotary hammer3.0 附录附录一按英文字母顺序排列的词汇表附录二按汉语拼音字母顺序排列的词表附加说明：附录一按英文字母顺序排列的词汇表空气调节air conditioning空调工况air conditioning condition大气压力atmospheric pressure机器露点apparatus dew point绝对湿度absolute humidity空气循环air circulation自动除霜automatic defrosting空气净化air cleaning空气除臭air deodorization空气离子化air ionization循环风量air flow volume空气动力性噪声air power noise批准approve爆炸图assembly drawing认证资料approved information附录attachment非正常运行abnormal operation装配质量assembly quality辅助材料auxiliary material装配assembly工艺孔auxiliary hole实除排量actual displacemant轴流风机axial flow fan (propeller fan)进风格栅air intake grill交流接触器AC contactor过滤网air filter绝对压力absolute pressure风速仪anemometer制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigeration system 基本绝缘basic insulation螺栓bolt蜂鸣器buzzer下卡板bottom cover机壳body球压装置ball-pressure apparatus性能系数coefficient of performance冷凝condensation压缩compression冷凝压力condensing pressure冷凝温度condensing temperature压缩比compression ratio纠正correct (correction)编制compile审核check组件components电流current开路circuit-open断路circuit-break短路circuit-short爬电距离creepage distance电气间隙clearanceI类器具class I appliance气候类别climate type外协件cooperation part控制系统controlling systems代号code no合格品conforming product清洗cleaning冷凝器condenser毛细管capillary tube压缩机compressor气缸cylinder吊顶式ceiling suspended吸顶式ceiling cassettes (ceiling concealed)单向阀check valve 离心风机centrifugal fan (sirocco fan)贯流风机cross-flow fan (linefrow fan)截止阀cut-off valve (ball valve)底盘(底板) chassis(lower panel)盖板cover plate(top plate)电容capacitor电容夹capacitor clamp线路图circuit diagram连接管堵头connection pipe cap波纹软管corrugated pipe控制器controller控制面膜controlling panel脚轮castor可控硅controlled silicon吊顶机风扇蜗壳casing set量热计calorimeter真空压力计compound gauge电容传声器condenser microphone 干空气dry air干球温度dry bulb temperature露点温度dew point temperature 排气端discharge end排气压力discharge pressure排气温度discharge temperature 除霜defrosting图纸·drawing尺寸dimension日期date对重绝缘double insulation数据data诊断diagnostic直径diameter装饰decoration电气强度dielectric strength名称description基准datum尺寸链dimension chain去毛刺deburring排气阀discharge valve排气管discharge pipe排水管drainage pipe出水管drainage duct集水盘drain pan干球温度计dry bulb thermometer干湿球温度计dry-wet bulb hygrometer数字风速仪digital anemometer环境条件environmental conditions蒸发evaporation膨胀expansion蒸发压力evaporating pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature审定examine and approve接地方式earthing methods蒸发器evaporator边板end plate(end panel)电器安装板electrical supporting plate电气原理图electrical principle diagram电气接线图electrical wring diagram电器安装盒electrical box电子检漏仪electrical leak detector直流电阻电桥electric bridge of DC rdsistance 冲击钻electric driven rotary hammer 氟时昂22 freon22脏堵filth blockage结霜frost formation特点(性) features用户档案files of consumer功能function成品final product扩口flaring落地式floor standing翅片管finned tube风扇电机fan motor保险丝fuse过滤栅filter grille出风格栅front grill风叶护网fan guard测量计flowrator喷嘴flow nozzle油堵greasy blockage保修卡guarantee card总装general assembly垫圈gasket表压gauge pressure湿度humidity制热循环heating cycle高压侧high pressure side制热量heating capacity耐压试验high-voltage test潮态试验humidity-state test把手handle高度height热处理heat treatment热交换器heat exchanger电热管heater element高压保护high pressure switch湿度计hygrometer热线风速仪hot-wire anemometer耐压测试仪high-voltage reliability meter 卤素检漏仪halogen leak detector温度传感器humidity sensor冰堵ice plug绝缘电阻insulation resistance内部结构internal structure图样目录index文件目录index of files项目item抗干扰immunity序号item no室内机indoor unit内螺纹管inner groove copper pipe安装板installation sheet插片inset block插孔inset bolt电脑芯片IC集成电路integrated circuit绝缘电阻表insolation resistance meter 夹具jigs and fixtures润滑油lubricant oil低压侧low pressure side长度length校对look through泄漏电流leakage current堵转试验locked test液晶显示liquid crystol indicate检汛leakage test汽液分离器liquid-gas separator贮液器liquid accumlator扫风叶片支架louver support下隔板lower inner cover导风叶片lower louver灯箱light box低压保护low pressure switch湿空气moist air机械噪声mechanical noise更改modification (modify)厂商manufacturer机械强度试验mechanical strength test型号model型号标识model mark加工工艺machine workmanship机械制图mechanic drawing防潮moisture resistance可加工性machinability工艺设备manufacturing equipment机械加工machining加工精度machining accuracy电机支架motor support中间隔板mid isolation sheet(separator support plate)主令开关main switch电机保护器motor protector模具mould电机固定件motor holder水银温度计mercurial thermometer质量流量计mass flowmeter机械风速仪mechanical anemometer测量放大器measurement amplifier噪声noise正常负截normal load铭牌nameplate不合格品non-conforming product缩口necking螺母nut用户手册owner’smanual外形尺寸outlines and dimensions喇叭口outlet with flare工序operation室外机out door unit胶圈o-gasket油分离器oil separator出水槽outlet for water压力pressure过程process产品product保护装置protection devices零件parts方案procedure功率power电源软线power supply cord塑料件plastic parts产品说明书product instruction manual包箱package carton装箱单packing list外购件purchased part生产过程production process工艺过程process页数page no工艺路线process route工艺设计process design工艺要素process factor工艺规范process specification工艺参数process parameter工艺准备process preparation of production 工艺纲领production program工艺批量production batch生产周期production cycle主要材料primary material工艺尺寸process dimension弯管pipe bending光管plain copper pipe前（后）面板panel front（rear）网罩protection grill nets电源线power cordPTC发热元件PTC electrical heater插头plug蜗壳propeller housing压力计pressure gauge真空计vauucn gauge合格证quality certificate制冷refrigeration制冷量refrigerating capacity (cooling capacity)相对湿度relative humidity制冷系统refrigeration system制冷循环refrigeration cycle灌注量refrigerant charge制冷剂refrigerant运转电流running current加强绝缘reinforced insulation额定电压rated voltage额定电压范围rated voltage range额定输入功率rated input额定电流rated current额定频率rated frequency额定频率范围rated frequency range工艺性审查review of technological efficiency 备注remarks原材料raw material除锈rust removal房间空调器room air conditioner往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor转子式压缩机rotary compressor继电器引线relay assy lead无线遥控器remote controller继电器relay电机固定圈rubber mount电阻温度计resistance thermometer标准工况standard condition标准制冷量standard rating饱和空气saturated air含湿量specific humidity过冷subcooling过热superheat吸气端suction end吸气压力suction pressure吸气温度suction temperature液击slugging消声sound attenuation声强级sound intensity level系列series标准化standardize签名signature(sign)结构structure明细栏specification list起动电流starting current安全试验security test起动试验starting test附加绝缘supplementary insulation电源引线supply leads流线型streamline性能考数specsifications汇总表specifications list自制件self-making part标准件stardard parts工艺总结summary of technological work 规格standards幅面size半成品semifinished product废品scrap表面处理surface treatment安装set up表面粗糙度surface roughness分体式空调器split-type air conditioner涡旋式压缩机scroll compressor吸气阀suction valve过滤器strainer侧板side plate (side panel)扫风电机swing motor (louver motor)步进电机step motor(vane motor)吸气管suction pipe四芯(六芯)控制线signal cable with 4(6) cores 左右端盖side box(L.R)螺钉screw固定螺丝set screw插座socket扫风叶片swing louver支撑条support bar电磁阀solenoid valve电磁线圈solenoid coil安装螺钉盖screw cover (screw cap)声级计sound level meter温度temperature节流throttling定时除霜time defrosting技术文件technical file技术要求technical requirement工艺technology (workmanship)温升试验temperture-raise testX连接type X attachmentY连接type Y attachmentZ连接type Z attachment公差tolerance商标trademark工艺性technologicul efficiency工艺文件technological documentation 生产类型type of production理论排量theoretical displacement管路系统tubing systems保温管thermal insulation pipe温控器thermostat变压器transformer触摸开关touch switch热断路thermal cut-out限温器temperature limiter水箱盖tank cover上卡板top cover感温包temp. sensor压缩机过载保护thermal switch温度计thermometer热敏电阻thermistor热电偶thermocouple热电偶温度计thermocouple thermometor温度传感器temperature sensor工具tool扩口器tube-outlet expamder接地电阻测试台testing station of earthing resistance泄漏电流测试装置testing equipment of leaking current灼热丝试验装置testing equipment for scorching漏电起痕试验装置testing equipment of scrap with leaking current 弯管器tube bender超簿ultra-thin标题栏underline单元式空调机unitary air conditionerU形管U-shape tube底板underplate。
毕业设计_制冷专业毕业设计外文翻译--结霜工况下强制对流换热器的翅片性能(终稿)
中文译文：结霜工况下强制对流换热器的翅片性能摘要在本文中，经过修改的模拟结霜工况下风机供风翅片式换热器的热交换翅片上霜增长的数值模型已经得到证实。
结果发现，制冷换热器上结霜导致翅片热流量、气流速度和翅效率的急剧下降，以及压降的增大。
精确地研究显示改变几个设计参数（其中包括风机的型式）的影响。
2002年Eldevier 科学有限公司和IIR 。
保留所有权利。
1.介绍对制冷系统、空调设备以及空气对空气型热回收系统来说，翅片式热交换器结霜是一个常见问题。
在这些系统中，结霜对制冷换热器来说是最重要的性能影响因素。
换热器表面结霜对热交换器的热工性能的影响有好几个方面。
1. 换热器表面结霜增大了翅片与气流间的热阻，从而降低了制冷系统用热交换器的冷却能力。
对于气流速度以及气流与翅片表面的温差给定的情况，一定厚度的霜层会降低热流量，这是因为霜层的实际导热系数很小并且霜层间会形成温差。
2. 热交换器表面结霜使得通过换热器的气体量大大减少、气体压降大大上升。
根据风机的特性，在连续结霜数小时后，气流的路径会变短甚至会被完全堵塞。
主要符号A 总表面积，2m b a s e A 基管表面积，2m c A 最小流通面面积，2m f A 翅片面积，2m in A 迎风面面积，2m C 压力损失修正系数f C 摩擦系数 f i nc 翅的比热容，11-K ㎏ J - p c 霜的比定压热容，11-K ㎏ J - pa c 空气的比定压热容，11-K ㎏ J - eff D 霜层实际气体扩散速度，1s m - s e f f ,D 霜表面实际气体速度，1s m -h D 管内径，m f 穆迪（或达西）摩擦系数fin h 翅高，m f h 对流传热系数，﹣1﹣2K m W mf h 对流传质系数，﹣1﹣2K m W sg h 升华潜热，﹣1㎏ J0h 无霜对流传热系数，﹣1﹣2K m W c K 入口流体收缩损失系数 e K 出口气体膨胀损失系数 e f f k 霜的导热系数，﹣1﹣1K m Wfin k 翅片的导热系数，11K Wm 177-- f i n l 翅长，m∙m 相变速度，1﹣3﹣s m ㎏ n 翅片数 D Nu 充分发展流的努塞尔数 Nu 局部努塞尔数P 大气压强，﹣2m N Pr 普朗特数Q 气体体积流量，﹣13s m b a s e q 光管热流量，Wfin q 单翅片热流量，W t o t a q 基面总热流量，Wf q 结霜下单翅片热流量,W t o t a l q ∆ 基面总传热量变化，Wd Re 以内径为特征尺度的雷诺数 Sh 当地舍伍德数S 方程15、16的源项，1﹣3﹣s m ㎏ t 时间，sf i n t 翅间距，m T 温度，K0T 翅间气流平均温度，K c T 翅表面温度，Ka T 翅间平均气流温度，℃b T 基面温度，℃in T 入口气流温度，K out T 出口气流温度，K V 翅间气体平均速度，1s m - in V 迎风面风速，1s m - in W 入口气体湿度，1-㎏ ㎏ W 湿度，1-㎏ ㎏ 0W 翅片间气体平均湿度，1-㎏ ㎏ fs W 霜表面湿度，1-㎏ ㎏ in W 翅片入口气体含湿量，1-㎏ ㎏ x 坐标，mo u t W 翅片出口气体含湿量，1-㎏ ㎏ y 坐标，ma ε 霜内空气体积分数，βεε-=1a z 坐标，m βε 霜内冰的体积分数，i f βρρε= f δ 霜层厚度，mf δ 平均测量霜层厚度，m a vg f -δ 翅片霜层平均厚度，m b a s e f -δ 无翅区霜层平均厚度，m f i n δ 翅厚，mμ 空气动力粘度，s Pa f η 翅效率a ρ 空气密度，-3m ㎏ f ρ 霜密度，-3m ㎏ f ρ 平均测量霜密度，-3m ㎏ f i n ρ 翅片密度，-3m ㎏i ρ 冰密度，-3m ㎏ v ρ 蒸汽密度，-3m ㎏P ∆ 翅片压降，Pa P ∆ 测得翅间平均压降T ∆ 空气经翅片的温变，K f δ∆ 霜层厚度变化，mW ∆ 沿翅片空气的湿度变化，1-㎏ ㎏ f ρ∆ 霜的密度变化，-3m ㎏ ()P ∆∆ 沿翅片压降的变化，Pa t o t a l q ∆ 通过基面的总热流量，W 3. 为了维持积霜换热器的良好性能，定期或循环融霜来防止霜的累积是必需的。
制冷专业英语大全
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷 refrigeration蒸发制冷 evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋 desert bag制冷机 refrigerating machine制冷机械 refrigerating machinery制冷工程 refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商 refrigeration contractor制冷工作者 refrigerationist制冷工程师 refrigeration engineer制冷技术员 refrigeration technician制冷技师 refrigeration technician制冷技工 refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人 icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic制冷维修技工 refrigeration serviceman冷藏链 cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop冷藏 refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器 heat exchanger热交换器 heat exchanger紧凑式换热器 compact heat exchanger管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器 double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器 surface type heat exchanger表面式换热器 surface type heat exchanger板管式换热器 tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器 plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器 plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器 flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器 parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器 counter flow heat exchanger*流式换热器 cross-flow heat echanger折流式换热器 turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器 direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器 rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器 scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器 heat pipe exchanger蓄热器 recuperator壳管式换热器 shell and tube heat exchanger管板 tube plate 可拆端盖 removable head管束 bundle of tube管束尺寸 size of tube bundle顺排管束 in-line hank of tubes错排管束 staggered hank of tubes盘管 coil蛇形管 serpentine coilU形管 U-tube光管 bare tube肋片管 finned tube翅片管 finned tube肋管 finned tube肋管束 finned tube bundle肋片 fin套片 plate fin螺旋肋 spiral fin整体肋 integral fin纵向肋 longitudinal fin钢丝肋 wire fin内肋 inner fin肋片管尺寸 size of fin tube肋片厚度 fin thickness肋距 spacing of fin肋片数 pitch of fin肋片长度 finned length肋片高度 finned height肋效率 fin efficiency换热面积 heat exchange surface传热面积 heat exchange surface冷却面积 cooling surface加热表面 heat exchange surface基表面 primary surface扩展表面 extended surface肋化表面 finned surface迎风表面 face area流通表面 flow area净截面积 net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速 face velocity净截面流速 air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速 face velocity of mass净截面质量流速 mass velocity at net area冷（热）媒有效流通面积effective area for cooling or heating medium冷（热）媒流速 velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition；sensible cooling文案大全condition湿工况 wet condition；dehumidifying condition 接触系数 contact factor旁通系数 bypass factor换热效率系数 coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力 pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却 surface cooling蒸发冷却 evaporating cooling冷却元件 cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应 vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应 Ranque-Hilsch effect涡流管制冷 vortex tube refrigeration涡流管 vortex tube兰克管 Ranque tube膨胀喷嘴 expansion injector涡流室 vortex device分离孔板 separation orifice调节阀 control valve膨胀压力比 expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量 cold gas fraction热气流分量 hot gas fraction冷却效应 cooling effect加热效应 heating effect冷却效率 cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应 magnetocaloric effect磁制冷 magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机 magnetic refrigerating machine磁冰箱 magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统 refrigeration system制冷机 refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统 compression system压缩机 compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor,refrigerant compressor 吸气端 suction end排气端 discharge end低压侧 low pressure side高压侧 high pressure side蒸发压力 evaporating pressure吸气压力 suction pressure,back pressure排气压力 discharge pressure蒸发温度 evaporating temperature冷凝压力 condensing pressure冷凝温度 condensing temperature吸气温度 suction temperature回气温度 back temperature排气温度 discharge temperature压缩比 compression ratio双效压缩 dual compression单级压缩 single-stage compression双级压缩 compound compression多级压缩 multistage compression压缩级 compression stage低压级 low pressure stage高压级 high pressure stage中间压力 intermediate pressure中间冷却 intercooling多级膨胀 multistage expansion湿压缩 wet compression干压缩 dry compression制冷系统 refrigerating system机械制冷系统 mechanical refrigerating system 氟利昂制冷系统 freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统 ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统 multistage refrigerating system 复叠式制冷系统 cascade refrigerating system 混合制冷剂复叠系统 mixed refrigerant cascade 集中制冷系统 central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统 direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity文案大全液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统 indirect refrigeration system融霜系统 defrosting system热气融霜系统 defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统 eletrothermal defrosting system 制冷系统故障 breakdown of the refrigerating system冰堵 freeze-up冰塞 ice plug脏堵 filth blockage油堵 greasy blockage液击（冲缸、敲缸） slugging湿行程 wet stroke镀铜现象 appearance of copper-plating烧毁 burn-out倒霜 frost back制冷机组 refrigerating unit压缩机组 compressor unit开启式压缩机组 open type compresssor unit开启式压缩机 open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组 semihermetic compressor unit 半封闭式压缩机 semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机 hermetically sealed compressor 压缩冷凝机组 condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组 semihermetically sealed condensing unit开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组 industrial condensing unit 商业用压缩冷凝机组 commercial condensing unit 整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组 straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机 positive displacement compressor 往复式压缩机（活塞式压缩机） reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机 rotary compressor滑片式压缩机 sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机single vane rotary compressor滚动转子式压缩机 rolling rotor compressor三角转子式压缩机 triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机multi-vane rotary compressor滑片 blade旋转活塞式压缩机 rolling piston compressor涡旋式压缩机 scroll compressor涡旋盘 scroll固定涡旋盘 stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘 driven scroll,orbiting scroll斜盘式压缩机（摇盘式压缩机）swash plate compressor斜盘 swash plate摇盘 wobble plate螺杆式压缩机 screw compressor单螺杆压缩机 single screw compressor阴转子 female rotor阳转子 male rotor主转子 main rotor闸转子 gate rotor无油压缩机 oil free compressor膜式压缩机 diaphragm compressor活塞式压缩机 reciprocating compressor单作用压缩机 single acting compressor双作用压缩机 double acting compressor双效压缩机 dual effect compressor双缸压缩机 twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机 closed crankcase compressor 开式曲轴箱压缩机 open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机 uniflow compressor逆流式压缩机 return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机 dry piston compressor双级压缩机 compund compressor多级压缩机 multistage compressor差动活塞式压缩机stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机tandem compressor,dual compressor截止阀 line valve,stop valve排气截止阀 discharge line valve吸气截止阀 suction line valve文案大全部分负荷旁通口 partial duty port能量调节器 energy regulator容量控制滑阀 capacity control slide valve容量控制器 capacity control消声器 muffler联轴节 coupling曲轴箱 crankcase曲轴箱加热器 crankcase heater轴封 crankcase seal,shaft seal填料盒 stuffing box轴封填料 shaft packing机械密封 mechanical seal波纹管密封 bellows seal转动密封 rotary seal迷宫密封 labyrinth seal轴承 bearing滑动轴承 sleeve bearing偏心环 eccentric strap滚珠轴承 ball bearing滚柱轴承 roller bearing滚针轴承 needle bearing止推轴承 thrust bearing外轴承 pedestal bearing臼形轴承 footstep bearing轴承箱 bearing housing止推盘 thrust collar偏心销 eccentric pin曲轴平衡块crankshaft counterweight,crankshaft balance weight曲柄轴 crankaxle偏心轴 eccentric type crankshaft曲拐轴 crankthrow type crankshaft连杆 connecting rod连杆大头 crank pin end连杆小头 piston pin end曲轴 crankshaft主轴颈 main journal曲柄 crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销 crank pin曲拐 crank throw曲拐机构 crank-toggle阀盘 valve disc阀杆 valve stem阀座 valve seat阀板 valve plate阀盖 valve cage 阀罩 valve cover阀升程限制器 valve lift guard阀升程 valve lift阀孔 valve port吸气口 suction inlet压缩机气阀 compressor valve吸气阀 suction valve排气阀 delivery valve圆盘阀 disc valve环片阀 ring plate valve簧片阀 reed valve舌状阀 cantilever valve条状阀 beam valve提升阀 poppet valve菌状阀 mushroom valve杯状阀 tulip valve缸径 cylinder bore余隙容积 clearance volume附加余隙（补充余隙） clearance pocket活塞排量 swept volume,piston displacement理论排量 theoretical displacement实际排量 actual displacement实际输气量 actual displacement,actual output of gas气缸工作容积 working volume of the cylinder 活塞行程容积 piston displacement气缸 cylinder气缸体 cylinder block气缸壁 cylinder wall水冷套 water cooled jacket气缸盖（气缸头） cylinder head安全盖（假盖） safety head假盖 false head活塞环 piston ring气环 sealing ring刮油环 scraper ring油环 scrape ring活塞销 piston pin活塞 piston活塞行程 piston stroke吸气行程 suction stroke膨胀行程 expansion stroke压缩行程 compression stroke排气行程 discharge stroke升压压缩机 booster compressor立式压缩机 vertical compressor文案大全卧式压缩机 horizontal compressor角度式压缩机 angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机 symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机 absorption refrigerating machine 吸收式制冷系统absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统 intermittent absoprtion system 连续循环吸收式系统continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷 solid absorption refrigeration 氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine单级氨-水吸收式制冷机single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 多级氨-水吸收式制冷机multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 双级氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生和双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process分解 decomposition水解 hydrolysis扩散 diffusion能量增强剂 energy booster缓蚀剂 anticorrsive发生不足 incomplete boiling吸收不足 incomplete absorption喷淋密度 sprinkle density溴化锂 lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液aqueous solution of lithium bromide氨水溶液 aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂 absorbent,absorbing agent吸附剂 adsorbent溶液 solution浓度 concentration溶解度 solubility溶剂 solvent溶质 solute浓溶液 rich solution,concentrated solution 稀溶液 weak solution,diluted solution溶液分压 partial pressure of liquor吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption吸收式制冷 absorption refrigeration吸附式制冷 adsorption refrigeration工质对 working substance热力系数 heat ratio放气范围 deflation ratio焓-浓度图 enthalpy concentration chart溴化锂吸收式制冷机 lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组lithiumbromide absorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump蒸汽型吸收式制冷机 steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机hot water operated absorption refrigerating machine发生器 generator沉浸式发生器 submerged generator喷淋式发生器 spray-type generator立式降膜式发生器vertical falling film文案大全generator直燃式发生器 direct-fired generator高压发生器 high pressure generator低压发生器 low pressure generator吸收器 absorber喷淋式吸收器 spray absorber降膜式吸收器 falling film absorber立式降膜式吸收器vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器horizontal falling film absorber喷淋装置 spray system溶液换热器 solution heat exchanger溶晶管 anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置 purging system精馏器 rectifier屏蔽泵 shield pump发生器泵 generator pump吸收器泵 absorber pump蒸发器泵 evaporator pump溶液泵 solution pump氨水泵 aqua-ammonia pump混合阀 mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能 solar energy太阳常数 solar constant太阳能系统 solar energy system被动式太阳能系统 passive solar energy system 主动式太阳能系统 active solar energy system 混合式太阳能系统 hybrid solar energy system 太阳能制冷 solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷 solarpowered cooling太阳能吸收式制冷机solar absorption refrigerating machine光-热转换制冷 photothermal refrigeration光-电转换制冷 photoelectrical refrigeration 太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机continual solar absorption refrigerating machine间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机 intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置 solar air-conditioning system 太阳能制冷系统solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器 solar collector选择式吸收表面 selective absorber surface电淀积 electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器 flat plate solar collector 真空管太阳能集热器tubular solar collector,vacuum tube collector聚光型太阳能机热器 focus solar collector集热量 heat-collecting capacity集热温度 heat-collecting temperature集热效率 heat-collecting efficiency蓄热介质 heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器 rock storge container辅助热源 supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统 solar energy storge system太阳能供热系统solar heating system,solar space heating installation自然循环闭式供水系统natural convection closed water system强制循环闭式供水系统 forced convection in a closed water system热风供热系统 warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管 heat pipe深冷热管 cryogenic heat pipe低温热管 low temperature heat pipe中温热管 moderate temperature heat pipe高温热管 liquid metal heat pipe管芯 wick相容性 compatibility传热极限 heat transport limitation重力热管 gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器 heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器 heat pipe surgery cryoprobe余热 exhaust heat低温余热 low temperature exhaust heat余热制冷utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平 freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine 动力-制冷循环 power/refrigeration cycle文案大全透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流 swirl叶片颤振 blade flutter叶片通过频率 blade passing frequency喘振 surging脱流 stall叶轮反应度(反作用度) impeller reaction叶轮 impeller半开式叶轮 unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮 shrouded impeller叶片 blade,vane导流叶片组件 pre-rotary vane assembly扩压器 diffuser蜗壳 scroll滑动 slip透平压缩机 turbocompressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor轴流式压缩机 axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机 flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机 subsonic compressor超音速压缩机 supersonic compressor冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔 atmpspheric cooling tower，natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔 mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔 induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔 forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔 film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔 drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔 spray cooling tower拉西环 Rasching rings温度接近值 approach水垢 scale水垢抑制剂 scale inhibitor藻类 algae防藻剂 algaecide淀渣 slime升压阀 back-up valve冷水塔 water cooling tower，cooling tower凉水塔 water cooling tower，cooling tower 冷却塔 water cooling tower，cooling tower喷水池 spray pond干式冷水塔 dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔 wet-dry cooling tower冷水塔填料 packing of cooling tower，fill of cooling tower膜式填料 film packing帘栅形填料 grid packing，grid fill片式填料 plate packing，plate fill松散填料 random packing，random fill飞溅式填料 splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷 air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器 turbine cooler温降 temperature drops开式循环 open cycle闭式循环 closed cycle除水 water elimination补气 air supply回热式空气制冷循环 regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统aircraft air-conditioning system增压式飞机空调系统 "Bootstrap" system冲压空气 ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节 flow regulation制冷剂控制器 refrigerant control膨胀阀 expansion valve节流阀 throttle valve热力膨胀阀 thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀 thermal electric expansion valve 内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管 external equalizer pipe内平衡管 internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失 pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注 same material charge交*充注 cross charge吸附充注 absorptive charge气体充注 gas charge文案大全膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节 superheat temperature regulation 膨胀阀容量 expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀 hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀 automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀 float regulation valve浮球阀 float valve低压浮球阀 low pressure float valve高压浮球阀 high pressure float valve流量调节 flow regualation制冷剂控制器 refrigerant control膨胀阀 expansion valve节流阀 throttle valve热力膨胀阀 thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀 thermal electric expansion valve 内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管 external equalizer pipe内平衡管 internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失 pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注 same material charge交*充注 cross charge吸附充注 absorptive charge气体充注 gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节 superheat temperature regulation 膨胀阀容量 expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀 hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀 automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀 float regulation valve浮球阀 float valve低压浮球阀 low pressure float valve高压浮球阀 high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀 constant pressure expansion valve 能量调节 capacity regulator单机能量调节capacity regulation of single unit卸载能量调节capacity regulation of load drainage程序指令式能量调节系统 capacity regulation system of program order电磁阀 solenoid valve 电磁滑阀 magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀 three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷 steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机steam-jet refrigerating machine蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机 evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机 contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统steam jet refrigerating system蒸汽喷射器 steam ejector主喷射器 main ejector辅助喷射器 auxiliary ejector喷射系数 jet coefficient主冷凝器 main condenser辅助冷凝器 auxiliary condenser多效蒸发 multieffective evaporation高位安装 high-level installation低位安装 low-level installation高低位安装 high-low-level installation臭氧层保护英语臭氧 ozone臭氧层 ozonesphere,ozone layer臭氧层破坏 ozonesphere depletion,ozonesphere disturbance消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances （ODS）禁用制冷剂 forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂 transition refrigerant替代制冷剂 substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂 natural refrigerant氟利昂家族 freon group全氟代烃 fluorocarbon （FC）氯氟烃 chloroflurocarbon（CFC）氢氟烃 hydrofluorocarbon（HCF）含氢氯氟烃 hydrochloroflurocarbon（HCFC）含氢氯化烃 hydrochlorocarbon（HCC）全氯化烃 polychlorocarbon（PCC）哈龙 Halon共沸混合物 azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound,hydrocarbon （HC）文案大全臭氧消耗潜能值 ozone depletion potential（ODP）温室效应 greenhouse effect全球变暖 global warming京都议定书 kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值 global warming potential（GWP）变暖影响总当量 total equivalent warming impact （TEWI）寿命期气候性能 life cycle climate performance （LCCP）蕴含能量 embodied energy不易收集的排放 fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷 thermoelectric refrigeration温差电制冷 thermoelectric refrigeration半导体制冷 semiconductor refrigeration热电效应 thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应 Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应 Peltier effect热电制冷效应thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应 Thomson effect焦耳效应 Joule effect傅里叶效应 Fourier effect温差电动势 thermoelectric power塞贝克系数 Seebeck coefficient优值系数 figure of merit热电堆 thermoelectric pile温差电堆 thermoelectric pile最佳电流 optimum current经济电流 economic current热电半导体 thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料 thermoelectric material热电制冷材料 thermoelectric cooling material n型半导体 n-type semiconductorsp型半导体 p-type semiconductors半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigerating unit热电制冷器 thermoelectric refrigerating unit 热电空调器 thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器 thermoelectric air conditioner 半导体恒温器 thermoelectric thermostat半导体冷饮水器 thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵 thermoelectric heat pump半导体降温机 thermoelectric dehumidifier 低温半导体制冷器low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit粘接式半导体制冷器sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit嵌装式半导体制冷器inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit复叠式半导体制冷器cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit医用半导体制冷器medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统 open brine system闭式盐水系统 closed brine system盐水箱 brine bank盐水混合箱 brine mixing tank盐水溢流箱 brine return tank盐水回流箱 brine return tank盐水膨胀箱 brine balance tank盐水加热器 brine heater盐水冷却器 brine cooler盐水筒 brine drum盐水集管 brine header盐水泵 brine pump盐水喷雾 brine spray盐水喷淋 brine sparge制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高文案大全Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况 operating conditions标准性能 standard rating标准工况 standard condition空调工况 air conditioning condition内部条件 internal conditions外部条件 external conditions蓄热 accumulation of heat蓄冷 accumulation of cold制冰能力 ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数 heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance容积效率 volumetric efficiency容积输气量 vulumetric displacement实际输气量 actual displacement理论输气量 theoretical displacement冷凝热量 condenser heat过冷热量 heat of subcooling过热热量 superheat运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions标准制冷量 standard rating名义工况 normal conditions试验工况 test conditions轴功率 brake power文案大全效率 efficiency指示效率 indicated efficiency机械效率 mechanical efficiency总效率 overall efficiency制冷系数 coefficient of performance （COP）制冷压缩机的制冷系数 refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance热力完善度 thermodynamical perfectness能效比 energy efficiency ratio （EER）热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热（减湿）制冷量 useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of air conditioner 空调器有效总制冷量 useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量 circulating mass of refrigerant 制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant单位压缩功 compress work per mass示功图 indicator diagram指示功 indicated work摩擦功 frictional work功率 power摩擦功率 frictional power指示功率 indicated power理论功率 idea power制冷量 refrigerating capacity总制冷量 gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量 net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量 refrigerating capacity per weighing 单位容积制冷量 refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume制冷系统制冷量 system refrigerating capacity 单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量 compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation，refrigerating plant工业制冷装置 industrial refrigerating plant 商业制冷装置 commercial refrigerating plant 中心站房 central station成套机组 self-contained system规范安装 code installation制冷回路 refrigerating circuit热平衡 heat balance货物负荷 product load操作负荷 service load设计负荷 design load负荷系数 load factor制冷装置试验与操作试运转 commissioning吹污 flush气密性试验 gas-tight test，air-right test密闭容器 closed container漏气 air infiltration放气 air vent检漏 leak hunting，leak detection检漏仪 leak detector卤素灯 halide torch电子检漏仪 electronic leak detector真空试验 vacuum test试验压力 test pressure工作压力 operating pressure，working pressure 最高工作压力 highest operating pressure气密试验压力 gas-tight test pressure设计压力 design pressure平衡压力 balance pressure充气 aerate，gas charging制冷剂充注 refrigerant charging首次充注 initial charge保护充注 holding charge，service charge制冷剂不足 lack of refrigerant，under-charge，gas shortage缺液 starveling充灌台 charging board充灌量 charge充注过多 overcharge供液过多 overfeeding制冷剂抽空 pump down of refrigerant降温试验 pull down test制冷[功能]试验 refrigeration test卸载起动 no-load starting，unloaded start文案大全卸载机构 unloader闪发flash vaporization，instantaneous vaporization闪发气体 flash gas不凝性气体 non condensable gas气体排除 gas purging，degassing，gasoff阀针跳动 hammering，needle hammer阀振荡 hunting of a valve阀片跳动 valve flutter，valve bounce短期循环 short-cycling异常温升 overheating泄漏 leak气蚀 cavitation制冷剂瓶 refrigerant cylinder，gas bottle检修用瓶 service cylinder，gas bottle紧急泄放阀 emergency-relief valve检修阀 service valve安全阀 pressure relief valve抽空阀 pump out valve加油阀 oil charge valve放油阀 oil drain valve放空阀 purge valve充灌阀 charging valve喷液阀 liquid injection valve润滑油润滑油 lubricant oil冷冻机油 refrigeration oil冷冻油 refrigerant oil凝点 condensation point闪点 flash point浊点 cloud point絮凝点 flock point流动点 pour point起泡 foaming皂化 saponify油泥 sludge结碳 carbonization制冷剂制冷剂（制冷工质） refrigerant高温制冷剂 high temperature refrigerant低压制冷剂 low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂 medium temperature refrigerant中压制冷剂 medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂 low temperature refrigerant 高压制冷剂 high pressure refrigerant氟利昂 freon卤化碳制冷剂 halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂 hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷 methane乙烷 ethane丙烷 propane丁烷 butane异丁烷 isobutane乙烯 ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compund refrigerant氨 ammonia二氧化碳 carbon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide干冰 dry ice共沸制冷剂 azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器 shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器 shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器 spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器 vertical-type evaporator平行管蒸发器 receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器 spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器 herringbone type evaporator 沉浸式盘管蒸发器 submerged evaporator板式蒸发器 plate-type evaporator文案大全螺旋板式蒸发器 spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator，tube-in-sheet evaporator管板式蒸发器 tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器 embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器 roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器 roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器 ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器 ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器 ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器 frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器 defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器 nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器 forced circulation evaporator 冷液式蒸发器 liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器 wrap-round evaporator蒸发器 evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器 direct evaporator直接式蒸发器 direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器 indirect cooled evaporator 间接式蒸发器 indirect evaporator干式蒸发器 dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器 flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器 recirculation-type evaporator 强制循环式蒸发器 pump-feed evaporator冷凝器英语冷凝器 condenser冷凝液 condensate空冷式冷凝器 air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器 air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器natural convecton air-cooled condenser强制通风式冷凝器 forced draught condenser冷凝风机 condensate fan线绕式冷凝器 wire and tube condenser水冷式冷凝器 water-cooled condenser沉浸式盘管冷凝器 submerged coil condenser套管式冷凝器 double pipe condenser壳管式冷凝器 shell and tube condenser组合式冷凝器 multishell condenser卧式壳管式冷凝器closed shell and tube condenser卧式冷凝器 closed condenser立式壳管式冷凝器 open shell and tube condenser 立式冷凝器 open condenser，vertical condenser 壳盘管式冷凝器 shell and coil condenser分隔式冷凝器 split condenser淋激式冷凝器 atmospheric condenser溢流式冷凝器 bleeder-type condenser蒸发式冷凝器 evaporative condenser板式冷凝器 plate-type condenser空冷板式冷凝器air-cooled plate-type condenser水冷板式冷凝器water-cooled plate-type condenser焊接板式冷凝器 welded sheet condenser螺旋板式冷凝器 spiral sheet condenser冷凝-贮液器 condenser-receiver混合式冷凝器 barometric condenser液化器 liquefier冷凝水泵 condensate pump冷凝器梳 condensate comb预冷盘管 desuperheating coil过冷器 subcooler中间冷却器 intercooler盐水冷却器 brine cooler气-液回热器 liquid or suction heat exchanger 回热器 superheater紊流器 turbulator预冷器 precooler级间冷却器 interstage cooler饮水冷却器 drinking-water cooler喷泉式饮水冷却器 bubbler-type drinking water cooler冷藏间冷却器 cold-storage cooler盐水（水）冷却器 brine（water）cooler空气冷却器 air cooler，forced draught干式空气冷却器 dry-type air cooler强制循环空气冷却器forced-circulation air cooler自然对流空气冷却器natural-convection air cooler空气冷却机组 air-cooler unit蒸发盘管干燥盘管 drier coil冷却盘管 cooling coil蒸发盘管 expansion coil蓄冷盘管 hold-voer coil直接蒸发盘管 direct expansion coil制冷剂分配器 refrigerant distributor支承板 tube support文案大全。
制冷专业英语大全
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷refrigeration蒸发制冷evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋desert bag制冷机refrigerating machine制冷机械refrigerating machinery制冷工程refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商refrigeration contractor制冷工作者refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer制冷技术员refrigeration technician制冷技师refrigeration technician制冷技工refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人icer制冷安装技工refrigeration installation mechanic 制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman冷藏链cold chain制冷与空调维修店refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop冷藏refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器heat exchanger热交换器heat exchanger紧凑式换热器compact heat exchanger管式换热器tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器double-pipe heat exchanger间壁式换热器surface type heat exchanger表面式换热器surface type heat exchanger板管式换热器tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器plate-fin heat exchanger板式换热器plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器flat plate heat exchanger顺流式换热器parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器counter flow heat exchanger*流式换热器cross-flow heat echanger折流式换热器turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器direct heat exchanger旋转式换热器rotary heat exchanger刮削式换热器scraped heat exchanger热管式换热器heat pipe exchanger蓄热器recuperator壳管式换热器shell and tube heat exchanger管板tube plate可拆端盖removable head 管束bundle of tube管束尺寸size of tube bundle顺排管束in-line hank of tubes错排管束staggered hank of tubes盘管coil蛇形管serpentine coilU形管U-tube光管bare tube肋片管finned tube翅片管finned tube肋管finned tube肋管束finned tube bundle肋片fin套片plate fin螺旋肋spiral fin整体肋integral fin纵向肋longitudinal fin钢丝肋wire fin内肋inner fin肋片管尺寸size of fin tube肋片厚度fin thickness肋距spacing of fin肋片数pitch of fin肋片长度finned length肋片高度finned height肋效率fin efficiency换热面积heat exchange surface传热面积heat exchange surface冷却面积cooling surface加热表面heat exchange surface基表面primary surface扩展表面extended surface肋化表面finned surface迎风表面face area流通表面flow area净截面积net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速face velocity净截面流速air velocity at net area迎风面质量流速face velocity of mass净截面质量流速mass velocity at net area冷（热）媒有效流通面积effective area for cooling or heating medium冷（热）媒流速velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况dry condition；sensible cooling condition 湿工况wet condition；dehumidifying condition接触系数contact factor旁通系数bypass factor换热效率系数coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却surface cooling蒸发冷却evaporating cooling冷却元件cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应Ranque-Hilsch effect涡流管制冷vortex tube refrigeration涡流管vortex tube兰克管Ranque tube膨胀喷嘴expansion injector涡流室vortex device分离孔板separation orifice调节阀control valve膨胀压力比expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量cold gas fraction热气流分量hot gas fraction冷却效应cooling effect加热效应heating effect冷却效率cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应magnetocaloric effect磁制冷magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机magnetic refrigerating machine磁冰箱magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统refrigeration system制冷机refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统mechanical compression refrigeration system蒸气压缩制冷系统vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统compression system压缩机compressor制冷压缩机refrigerating compressor,refrigerant compressor吸气端suction end排气端discharge end 低压侧low pressure side高压侧high pressure side蒸发压力evaporating pressure吸气压力suction pressure,back pressure排气压力discharge pressure蒸发温度evaporating temperature冷凝压力condensing pressure冷凝温度condensing temperature吸气温度suction temperature回气温度back temperature排气温度discharge temperature压缩比compression ratio双效压缩dual compression单级压缩single-stage compression双级压缩compound compression多级压缩multistage compression压缩级compression stage低压级low pressure stage高压级high pressure stage中间压力intermediate pressure中间冷却intercooling多级膨胀multistage expansion湿压缩wet compression干压缩dry compression制冷系统refrigerating system机械制冷系统mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统ammonia refrigerating system压缩式制冷系统compression refrigerating system 单级压缩制冷系统single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity液泵供液制冷系统refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统indirect refrigeration system融霜系统defrosting system热气融霜系统defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障breakdown of the refrigerating system冰堵freeze-up冰塞ice plug脏堵filth blockage油堵greasy blockage液击（冲缸、敲缸）slugging湿行程wet stroke镀铜现象appearance of copper-plating烧毁burn-out倒霜frost back制冷机组refrigerating unit压缩机组compressor unit开启式压缩机组open type compresssor unit开启式压缩机open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组semihermetic compressor unit 半封闭式压缩机semihermetic compressor全封闭式压缩机组hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机hermetically sealed compressor压缩冷凝机组condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组semihermetically sealed condensing unit开启式压缩冷凝机组open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组commercial condensing unit 整马力压缩冷凝机组integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机positive displacement compressor往复式压缩机（活塞式压缩机）reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机rotary compressor滑片式压缩机sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机single vane rotary compressor 滚动转子式压缩机rolling rotor compressor三角转子式压缩机triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机multi-vane rotary compressor 滑片blade旋转活塞式压缩机rolling piston compressor涡旋式压缩机scroll compressor涡旋盘scroll固定涡旋盘stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘driven scroll,orbiting scroll斜盘式压缩机（摇盘式压缩机）swash plate compressor斜盘swash plate摇盘wobble plate螺杆式压缩机screw compressor单螺杆压缩机single screw compressor阴转子female rotor阳转子male rotor主转子main rotor闸转子gate rotor无油压缩机oil free compressor膜式压缩机diaphragm compressor活塞式压缩机reciprocating compressor单作用压缩机single acting compressor双作用压缩机double acting compressor双效压缩机dual effect compressor双缸压缩机twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机closed crankcase compressor开式曲轴箱压缩机open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机uniflow compressor逆流式压缩机return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机dry piston compressor双级压缩机compund compressor多级压缩机multistage compressor差动活塞式压缩机stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机tandem compressor,dual compressor截止阀line valve,stop valve排气截止阀discharge line valve吸气截止阀suction line valve部分负荷旁通口partial duty port能量调节器energy regulator容量控制滑阀capacity control slide valve容量控制器capacity control消声器muffler联轴节coupling曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱加热器crankcase heater轴封crankcase seal,shaft seal填料盒stuffing box轴封填料shaft packing机械密封mechanical seal波纹管密封bellows seal转动密封rotary seal迷宫密封labyrinth seal轴承bearing滑动轴承sleeve bearing偏心环eccentric strap滚珠轴承ball bearing滚柱轴承roller bearing滚针轴承needle bearing止推轴承thrust bearing外轴承pedestal bearing臼形轴承footstep bearing轴承箱bearing housing止推盘thrust collar偏心销eccentric pin曲轴平衡块crankshaft counterweight,crankshaft balance weight曲柄轴crankaxle偏心轴eccentric type crankshaft曲拐轴crankthrow type crankshaft连杆connecting rod连杆大头crank pin end连杆小头piston pin end曲轴crankshaft主轴颈main journal曲柄crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销crank pin曲拐crank throw曲拐机构crank-toggle阀盘valve disc阀杆valve stem阀座valve seat阀板valve plate阀盖valve cage阀罩valve cover阀升程限制器valve lift guard阀升程valve lift阀孔valve port吸气口suction inlet压缩机气阀compressor valve 吸气阀suction valve排气阀delivery valve圆盘阀disc valve环片阀ring plate valve簧片阀reed valve舌状阀cantilever valve条状阀beam valve提升阀poppet valve菌状阀mushroom valve杯状阀tulip valve缸径cylinder bore余隙容积clearance volume附加余隙（补充余隙）clearance pocket活塞排量swept volume,piston displacement理论排量theoretical displacement实际排量actual displacement实际输气量actual displacement,actual output of gas气缸工作容积working volume of the cylinder活塞行程容积piston displacement气缸cylinder气缸体cylinder block气缸壁cylinder wall水冷套water cooled jacket气缸盖（气缸头）cylinder head安全盖（假盖）safety head假盖false head活塞环piston ring气环sealing ring刮油环scraper ring油环scrape ring活塞销piston pin活塞piston活塞行程piston stroke吸气行程suction stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke压缩行程compression stroke排气行程discharge stroke升压压缩机booster compressor立式压缩机vertical compressor卧式压缩机horizontal compressor角度式压缩机angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机absorption refrigerating machine吸收式制冷系统absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统intermittent absoprtion system连续循环吸收式系统continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷solid absorption refrigeration氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine单级氨-水吸收式制冷机single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 多级氨-水吸收式制冷机multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 双级氨-水吸收式制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生和双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process 分解decomposition水解hydrolysis扩散diffusion能量增强剂energy booster缓蚀剂anticorrsive发生不足incomplete boiling吸收不足incomplete absorption喷淋密度sprinkle density溴化锂lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液aqueous solution of lithium bromide 氨水溶液aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂absorbent,absorbing agent吸附剂adsorbent溶液solution浓度concentration溶解度solubility溶剂solvent溶质solute浓溶液rich solution,concentrated solution稀溶液weak solution,diluted solution溶液分压partial pressure of liquor吸收absorption吸附adsorption吸收式制冷absorption refrigeration吸附式制冷adsorption refrigeration工质对working substance热力系数heat ratio放气范围deflation ratio 焓-浓度图enthalpy concentration chart溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine 溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组lithiumbromide absorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump 蒸汽型吸收式制冷机steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机hot water operated absorption refrigerating machine发生器generator沉浸式发生器submerged generator喷淋式发生器spray-type generator立式降膜式发生器vertical falling film generator直燃式发生器direct-fired generator高压发生器high pressure generator低压发生器low pressure generator吸收器absorber喷淋式吸收器spray absorber降膜式吸收器falling film absorber立式降膜式吸收器vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器horizontal falling film absorber 喷淋装置spray system溶液换热器solution heat exchanger溶晶管anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置purging system精馏器rectifier屏蔽泵shield pump发生器泵generator pump吸收器泵absorber pump蒸发器泵evaporator pump溶液泵solution pump氨水泵aqua-ammonia pump混合阀mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能solar energy太阳常数solar constant太阳能系统solar energy system被动式太阳能系统passive solar energy system主动式太阳能系统active solar energy system混合式太阳能系统hybrid solar energy system太阳能制冷solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷solarpowered cooling太阳能吸收式制冷机solar absorption refrigerating machine光-热转换制冷photothermal refrigeration光-电转换制冷photoelectrical refrigeration太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机continual solar absorption refrigerating machine间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置solar air-conditioning system太阳能制冷系统solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器solar collector选择式吸收表面selective absorber surface电淀积electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器flat plate solar collector真空管太阳能集热器tubular solar collector,vacuum tube collector聚光型太阳能机热器focus solar collector集热量heat-collecting capacity集热温度heat-collecting temperature集热效率heat-collecting efficiency蓄热介质heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器rock storge container辅助热源supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统solar energy storge system太阳能供热系统solar heating system,solar space heating installation自然循环闭式供水系统natural convection closed water system 强制循环闭式供水系统forced convection in a closed water system热风供热系统warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管heat pipe深冷热管cryogenic heat pipe低温热管low temperature heat pipe中温热管moderate temperature heat pipe高温热管liquid metal heat pipe管芯wick相容性compatibility传热极限heat transport limitation重力热管gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器heat pipe surgery cryoprobe余热exhaust heat低温余热low temperature exhaust heat余热制冷utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine动力-制冷循环power/refrigeration cycle透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流swirl叶片颤振blade flutter叶片通过频率blade passing frequency喘振surging脱流stall叶轮反应度(反作用度) impeller reaction叶轮impeller半开式叶轮unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮shrouded impeller叶片blade,vane导流叶片组件pre-rotary vane assembly扩压器diffuser蜗壳scroll滑动slip透平压缩机turbocompressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor轴流式压缩机axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机subsonic compressor超音速压缩机supersonic compressor冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔atmpspheric cooling tower，natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔spray cooling tower拉西环Rasching rings温度接近值approach水垢scale水垢抑制剂scale inhibitor藻类algae防藻剂algaecide淀渣slime升压阀back-up valve冷水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower凉水塔water cooling tower，cooling tower冷却塔water cooling tower，cooling tower喷水池spray pond干式冷水塔dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔wet-dry cooling tower冷水塔填料packing of cooling tower，fill of cooling tower膜式填料film packing帘栅形填料grid packing，grid fill片式填料plate packing，plate fill松散填料random packing，random fill飞溅式填料splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器turbine cooler温降temperature drops开式循环open cycle闭式循环closed cycle除水water elimination补气air supply 回热式空气制冷循环regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统aircraft air-conditioning system 增压式飞机空调系统"Bootstrap" system冲压空气ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节flow regulation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve 过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve流量调节flow regualation制冷剂控制器refrigerant control膨胀阀expansion valve节流阀throttle valve热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve热电膨胀阀thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管external equalizer pipe内平衡管internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注same material charge交*充注cross charge吸附充注absorptive charge气体充注gas charge膨胀阀过热度superheat degree of expansion valve 过热温度调节superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀float regulation valve浮球阀float valve低压浮球阀low pressure float valve高压浮球阀high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀constant pressure expansion valve能量调节capacity regulator单机能量调节capacity regulation of single unit卸载能量调节capacity regulation of load drainage 程序指令式能量调节系统capacity regulation system of program order电磁阀solenoid valve电磁滑阀magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机steam-jet refrigerating machine 蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统steam jet refrigerating system 蒸汽喷射器steam ejector主喷射器main ejector辅助喷射器auxiliary ejector喷射系数jet coefficient主冷凝器main condenser辅助冷凝器auxiliary condenser多效蒸发multieffective evaporation高位安装high-level installation低位安装low-level installation高低位安装high-low-level installation臭氧层保护英语臭氧ozone臭氧层ozonesphere,ozone layer臭氧层破坏ozonesphere depletion,ozonesphere disturbance 消耗臭氧层物质ozone depleting substances（ODS）禁用制冷剂forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂transition refrigerant替代制冷剂substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂natural refrigerant氟利昂家族freon group全氟代烃fluorocarbon （FC）氯氟烃chloroflurocarbon（CFC）氢氟烃hydrofluorocarbon（HCF）含氢氯氟烃hydrochloroflurocarbon（HCFC）含氢氯化烃hydrochlorocarbon（HCC）全氯化烃polychlorocarbon（PCC）哈龙Halon共沸混合物azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物hydrocarbon compound,hydrocarbon （HC）臭氧消耗潜能值ozone depletion potential（ODP）温室效应greenhouse effect全球变暖global warming京都议定书kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值global warming potential（GWP）变暖影响总当量total equivalent warming impact （TEWI）寿命期气候性能life cycle climate performance （LCCP）蕴含能量embodied energy不易收集的排放fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration温差电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration半导体制冷semiconductor refrigeration热电效应thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应Peltier effect热电制冷效应thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应Thomson effect焦耳效应Joule effect傅里叶效应Fourier effect温差电动势thermoelectric power塞贝克系数Seebeck coefficient优值系数figure of merit热电堆thermoelectric pile温差电堆thermoelectric pile较佳电流optimum current经济电流economic current热电半导体thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料thermoelectric material热电制冷材料thermoelectric cooling materialn型半导体n-type semiconductorsp型半导体p-type semiconductors半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigerating unit热电制冷器thermoelectric refrigerating unit热电空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器thermoelectric air conditioner半导体恒温器thermoelectric thermostat半导体冷饮水器thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵thermoelectric heat pump半导体降温机thermoelectric dehumidifier低温半导体制冷器low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit粘接式半导体制冷器sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit嵌装式半导体制冷器inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit复叠式半导体制冷器cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit医用半导体制冷器medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统open brine system闭式盐水系统closed brine system盐水箱brine bank盐水混合箱brine mixing tank盐水溢流箱brine return tank盐水回流箱brine return tank盐水膨胀箱brine balance tank盐水加热器brine heater盐水冷却器brine cooler盐水筒brine drum盐水集管brine header盐水泵brine pump盐水喷雾brine spray盐水喷淋brine sparge制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况operating conditions标准性能standard rating标准工况standard condition空调工况air conditioning condition内部条件internal conditions外部条件external conditions蓄热accumulation of heat蓄冷accumulation of cold制冰能力ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance容积效率volumetric efficiency容积输气量vulumetric displacement实际输气量actual displacement理论输气量theoretical displacement冷凝热量condenser heat过冷热量heat of subcooling过热热量superheat运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions标准制冷量standard rating名义工况normal conditions试验工况test conditions轴功率brake power效率efficiency指示效率indicated efficiency机械效率mechanical efficiency总效率overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance （COP）制冷压缩机的制冷系数refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance热力完善度thermodynamical perfectness能效比energy efficiency ratio （EER）热泵供热系数heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热（减湿）制冷量useful latent heat (dehumidifyying) capacity of air conditioner空调器有效总制冷量useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant 单位压缩功compress work per mass示功图indicator diagram指示功indicated work摩擦功frictional work功率power摩擦功率frictional power指示功率indicated power理论功率idea power制冷量refrigerating capacity总制冷量gross refrigerating capacity净制冷量net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit ofswept volume制冷系统制冷量system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity制冷压缩机制冷量refrigerant compressor capacity 蒸发器净制冷量net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置refrigerating installation，refrigerating plant工业制冷装置industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置commercial refrigerating plant中心站房central station成套机组self-contained system规范安装code installation制冷回路refrigerating circuit热平衡heat balance货物负荷product load操作负荷service load设计负荷design load负荷系数load factor制冷装置试验与操作试运转commissioning吹污flush气密性试验gas-tight test，air-right test密闭容器closed container漏气air infiltration放气air vent检漏leak hunting，leak detection检漏仪leak detector卤素灯halide torch电子检漏仪electronic leak detector真空试验vacuum test试验压力test pressure工作压力operating pressure，working pressure较高工作压力highest operating pressure气密试验压力gas-tight test pressure设计压力design pressure平衡压力balance pressure充气aerate，gas charging制冷剂充注refrigerant charging首次充注initial charge保护充注holding charge，service charge 制冷剂不足lack of refrigerant，under-charge，gas shortage缺液starveling充灌台charging board充灌量charge充注过多overcharge供液过多overfeeding制冷剂抽空pump down of refrigerant降温试验pull down test制冷[功能]试验refrigeration test卸载起动no-load starting，unloaded start卸载机构unloader闪发flash vaporization，instantaneous vaporization 闪发气体flash gas不凝性气体non condensable gas气体排除gas purging，degassing，gasoff阀针跳动hammering，needle hammer阀振荡hunting of a valve阀片跳动valve flutter，valve bounce短期循环short-cycling异常温升overheating泄漏leak气蚀cavitation制冷剂瓶refrigerant cylinder，gas bottle检修用瓶service cylinder，gas bottle紧急泄放阀emergency-relief valve检修阀service valve安全阀pressure relief valve抽空阀pump out valve加油阀oil charge valve放油阀oil drain valve放空阀purge valve充灌阀charging valve喷液阀liquid injection valve润滑油润滑油lubricant oil冷冻机油refrigeration oil冷冻油refrigerant oil凝点condensation point闪点flash point浊点cloud point絮凝点flock point流动点pour point起泡foaming皂化saponify油泥sludge结碳carbonization制冷剂制冷剂（制冷工质）refrigerant高温制冷剂high temperature refrigerant低压制冷剂low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂medium temperature refrigerant中压制冷剂medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂low temperature refrigerant高压制冷剂high pressure refrigerant氟利昂freon卤化碳制冷剂halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷methane乙烷ethane丙烷propane丁烷butane异丁烷isobutane乙烯ethylene无机化合物制冷剂inorganic compund refrigerant 氨ammonia二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide干冰dry ice共沸制冷剂azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器shell-and-tube evaporator喷淋式蒸发器spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器vertical-type evaporator平行管蒸发器receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器spiral tube evaporator“V”型管蒸发器herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器submerged evaporator板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator螺旋板式蒸发器spiral sheet evaporator平板式蒸发器plate-type evaporator，tube-in-sheet evaporator管板式蒸发器tube-on-sheet evaporator凹凸板式蒸发器embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器forced circulation evaporator冷液式蒸发器liquid cooling evaporator封套式蒸发器wrap-round evaporator蒸发器evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器direct evaporator直接式蒸发器direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器indirect evaporator干式蒸发器dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器pump-feed evaporator冷凝器英语冷凝器condenser冷凝液condensate空冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器natural convecton air-cooled condenser强制通风式冷凝器forced draught condenser冷凝风机condensate fan线绕式冷凝器wire and tube condenser水冷式冷凝器water-cooled condenser。
制冷专业英语大全新编
制冷专业英语基本术语制冷 refrigeration蒸发制冷 evaporative refrigeration沙漠袋 desert bag制冷机 refrigerating machine制冷机械 refrigerating machinery制冷工程 refrigeration engineering制冷工程承包商 refrigeration contractor 制冷工作者 refrigerationist制冷工程师 refrigeration engineer制冷技术员 refrigeration technician制冷技师 refrigeration technician制冷技工 refrigeration mechanic冷藏工人 icer制冷安装技工 refrigeration installation mechanic制冷维修技工 refrigeration serviceman 冷藏链 cold chain制冷与空调维修店 refrigeration and air conditioning repair shop冷藏 refrigerated prvservation一般制冷换热器英语换热器 heat exchanger热交换器 heat exchanger紧凑式换热器 compact heat exchanger管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger套管式换热器 double-pipe heat exchanger 间壁式换热器 surface type heat exchanger 表面式换热器 surface type heat exchanger 板管式换热器 tube-on-sheet heat exchanger板翅式换热器 plate-fin heat exchanger 板式换热器 plate heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger平板式换热器 flat plate heat exchanger 顺流式换热器 parallel flow heat exchanger逆流式换热器 counter flow heat exchanger 流式换热器 cross-flow heat echanger折流式换热器 turn back flow heat exchanger直接接触式换热器 direct heat exchanger 旋转式换热器 rotary heat exchanger 刮削式换热器 scraped heat exchanger 热管式换热器 heat pipe exchanger蓄热器 recuperator壳管式换热器 shell and tube heat exchanger管板 tube plate可拆端盖 removable head管束 bundle of tube管束尺寸 size of tube bundle顺排管束 in-line hank of tubes错排管束 staggered hank of tubes盘管 coil蛇形管 serpentine coilU形管 U-tube光管 bare tube肋片管 finned tube翅片管 finned tube肋管 finned tube肋管束 finned tube bundle肋片 fin套片 plate fin螺旋肋 spiral fin整体肋 integral fin纵向肋 longitudinal fin钢丝肋 wire fin内肋 inner fin肋片管尺寸 size of fin tube肋片厚度 fin thickness肋距 spacing of fin肋片数 pitch of fin肋片长度 finned length肋片高度 finned height肋效率 fin efficiency换热面积 heat exchange surface传热面积 heat exchange surface冷却面积 cooling surface加热表面 heat exchange surface基表面 primary surface扩展表面 extended surface肋化表面 finned surface迎风表面 face area流通表面 flow area净截面积 net area;effective sectional area迎风面流速 face velocity净截面流速 air velocity at net area 迎风面质量流速 face velocity of mass净截面质量流速 mass velocity at net area 冷热媒有效流通面积 effective area for cooling or heating medium冷热媒流速 velocity of cooling or heating medium干工况 dry condition；sensible cooling condition湿工况 wet condition；dehumidifying condition接触系数 contact factor旁通系数 bypass factor换热效率系数 coefficient of heat transmission effectiveness盘管风阻力 air pressure drop of coil；air resistance of coil盘管水阻力 pressure drop of cooling or heating medium表面冷却 surface cooling蒸发冷却 evaporating cooling冷却元件 cooling element涡流管制冷英语涡流制冷效应 vortex refrigerating effect兰克-赫尔胥效应 Ranque-Hilsch effect涡流管制冷 vortex tube refrigeration涡流管 vortex tube兰克管 Ranque tube膨胀喷嘴 expansion injector涡流室 vortex device分离孔板 separation orifice调节阀 control valve膨胀压力比 expansion pressure ratio冷气流分量 cold gas fraction热气流分量 hot gas fraction冷却效应 cooling effect加热效应 heating effect冷却效率 cooling efficiency磁制冷英语磁热效应 magnetocaloric effect磁制冷 magnetic refrigeration磁制冷机 magnetic refrigerating machine 磁冰箱 magnetic refrigerator压缩机制冷系统及机组制冷系统 refrigeration system制冷机 refrigerating machine机械压缩制冷系统 mechanical compression refrigeration system 蒸气压缩制冷系统 vapour compression refrigeration system压缩式系统 compression system压缩机 compressor制冷压缩机 refrigeratingcompressor,refrigerant compressor吸气端 suction end排气端 discharge end低压侧 low pressure side高压侧 high pressure side蒸发压力 evaporating pressure吸气压力 suction pressure,back pressure 排气压力 discharge pressure蒸发温度 evaporating temperature冷凝压力 condensing pressure冷凝温度 condensing temperature吸气温度 suction temperature回气温度 back temperature排气温度 discharge temperature压缩比 compression ratio双效压缩 dual compression单级压缩 single-stage compression双级压缩 compound compression多级压缩 multistage compression压缩级 compression stage低压级 low pressure stage高压级 high pressure stage中间压力 intermediate pressure中间冷却 intercooling多级膨胀 multistage expansion湿压缩 wet compression干压缩 dry compression制冷系统 refrigerating system机械制冷系统 mechanical refrigerating system氟利昂制冷系统 freon refrigerating system氨制冷系统 ammonia refrigerating system 压缩式制冷系统 compressionrefrigerating system单级压缩制冷系统 single-stage compression refrigeration system双级压缩制冷系统 two-stage compression refrigeration system多级制冷系统 multistage refrigerating system复叠式制冷系统 cascade refrigerating system混合制冷剂复叠系统 mixed refrigerant cascade集中制冷系统 central refrigerating plant直接制冷系统 direct refrigeration system直接膨胀供液制冷系统 refrigeration system with supply liqiud direct expansion重力供液制冷系统 refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for the evaporator by gravity液泵供液制冷系统 refrigeration system with supply liquid refrigerant for evaporator by liquid pump间接制冷系统 indirect refrigeration system融霜系统 defrosting system热气融霜系统 defrosting system by superheated vapour电热融霜系统 eletrothermal defrosting system制冷系统故障 breakdown of the refrigerating system冰堵 freeze-up冰塞 ice plug脏堵 filth blockage油堵 greasy blockage液击冲缸、敲缸 slugging湿行程 wet stroke镀铜现象 appearance of copper-plating 烧毁 burn-out倒霜 frost back制冷机组 refrigerating unit压缩机组 compressor unit开启式压缩机组 open type compresssor unit开启式压缩机 open type compressor半封闭式压缩机组 semihermetic compressor unit半封闭式压缩机 semihermetic compressor 全封闭式压缩机组 hermetically sealed compressor unit全封闭式压缩机 hermetically sealed compressor 压缩冷凝机组 condensing unit全封闭式压缩冷凝机组 hermetically sealed condensing unit半封闭式压缩冷凝机组 semihermetically sealed condensing unit开启式压缩冷凝机组 open type compressor condensing unit工业用压缩冷凝机组 industrial condensing unit商业用压缩冷凝机组 commercial condensing unit整马力压缩冷凝机组 integral horsepower condensing unit分马力压缩冷凝机组 fractional horsepower condensing unit跨式制冷机组 straddle refrigerating unit容积式压缩机及零部件英语容积式压缩机 positive displacement compressor往复式压缩机活塞式压缩机 reciprocating compressor回转式压缩机 rotary compressor滑片式压缩机 sliding vane compressor单滑片回转式压缩机 single vane rotary compressor滚动转子式压缩机 rolling rotor compressor三角转子式压缩机 triangle rotor compressor多滑片回转式压缩机 multi-vane rotary compressor滑片 blade旋转活塞式压缩机 rolling piston compressor涡旋式压缩机 scroll compressor涡旋盘 scroll固定涡旋盘 stationary scroll,fixed scroll驱动涡旋盘 driven scroll,orbitingscroll斜盘式压缩机摇盘式压缩机 swash plate compressor斜盘 swash plate摇盘 wobble plate螺杆式压缩机 screw compressor单螺杆压缩机 single screw compressor阴转子 female rotor阳转子 male rotor主转子 main rotor闸转子 gate rotor无油压缩机 oil free compressor膜式压缩机 diaphragm compressor活塞式压缩机 reciprocating compressor 单作用压缩机 single acting compressor 双作用压缩机 double acting compressor 双效压缩机 dual effect compressor双缸压缩机 twin cylinder compressor闭式曲轴箱压缩机 closed crankcase compressor开式曲轴箱压缩机 open crankcase compressor顺流式压缩机 uniflow compressor逆流式压缩机 return flow compressor干活塞式压缩机 dry piston compressor双级压缩机 compund compressor多级压缩机 multistage compressor差动活塞式压缩机 stepped piston compound compressor,differential piston compressor串轴式压缩机 tandem compressor,dual compressor截止阀 line valve,stop valve排气截止阀 discharge line valve吸气截止阀 suction line valve部分负荷旁通口 partial duty port能量调节器 energy regulator容量控制滑阀 capacity control slide valve容量控制器 capacity control消声器 muffler联轴节 coupling曲轴箱 crankcase曲轴箱加热器 crankcase heater轴封 crankcase seal,shaft seal填料盒 stuffing box轴封填料 shaft packing机械密封 mechanical seal波纹管密封 bellows seal转动密封 rotary seal迷宫密封 labyrinth seal轴承 bearing滑动轴承 sleeve bearing偏心环 eccentric strap 滚珠轴承 ball bearing滚柱轴承 roller bearing滚针轴承 needle bearing止推轴承 thrust bearing外轴承 pedestal bearing臼形轴承 footstep bearing轴承箱 bearing housing止推盘 thrust collar偏心销 eccentric pin曲轴平衡块 crankshaftcounterweight,crankshaft balance weight 曲柄轴 crankaxle偏心轴 eccentric type crankshaft曲拐轴 crankthrow type crankshaft连杆 connecting rod连杆大头 crank pin end连杆小头 piston pin end曲轴 crankshaft主轴颈 main journal曲柄 crank arm,crank shaft曲柄销 crank pin曲拐 crank throw曲拐机构 crank-toggle阀盘 valve disc阀杆 valve stem阀座 valve seat阀板 valve plate阀盖 valve cage阀罩 valve cover阀升程限制器 valve lift guard阀升程 valve lift阀孔 valve port吸气口 suction inlet压缩机气阀 compressor valve吸气阀 suction valve排气阀 delivery valve圆盘阀 disc valve环片阀 ring plate valve簧片阀 reed valve舌状阀 cantilever valve条状阀 beam valve提升阀 poppet valve菌状阀 mushroom valve杯状阀 tulip valve缸径 cylinder bore余隙容积 clearance volume附加余隙补充余隙 clearance pocket活塞排量 swept volume,piston displacement理论排量 theoretical displacement实际排量 actual displacement实际输气量 actual displacement,actual output of gas气缸工作容积 working volume of the cylinder活塞行程容积 piston displacement气缸 cylinder气缸体 cylinder block气缸壁 cylinder wall水冷套 water cooled jacket气缸盖气缸头 cylinder head安全盖假盖 safety head假盖 false head活塞环 piston ring气环 sealing ring刮油环 scraper ring油环 scrape ring活塞销 piston pin活塞 piston活塞行程 piston stroke吸气行程 suction stroke膨胀行程 expansion stroke压缩行程 compression stroke排气行程 discharge stroke升压压缩机 booster compressor立式压缩机 vertical compressor卧式压缩机 horizontal compressor角度式压缩机 angular type compressor对称平衡型压缩机 symmetrically balanced type compress吸收式制冷机英语吸收式制冷机 absorption refrigerating machine吸收式制冷系统 absorption refrigerating system间歇式吸收系统 intermittent absoprtion system连续循环吸收式系统 continuous cycle absorption system固体吸收式制冷 solid absorption refrigeration氨-水吸收式制冷机 ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine 单级氨-水吸收式制冷机 single stage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine多级氨-水吸收式制冷机 multistage ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine双级氨-水吸收式制冷机 ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage absorption process双级发生和双级吸收式氨-水制冷机ammonia/water absorption refrigerating machine with two stage generation and absoprtion process分解 decomposition水解 hydrolysis扩散 diffusion能量增强剂 energy booster缓蚀剂 anticorrsive发生不足 incomplete boiling吸收不足 incomplete absorption喷淋密度 sprinkle density溴化锂 lithium bromide溴化锂水溶液 aqueous solution of lithium bromide氨水溶液 aqueous solution of ammonia吸收剂 absorbent,absorbing agent吸附剂 adsorbent溶液 solution浓度 concentration溶解度 solubility溶剂 solvent溶质 solute浓溶液 rich solution,concentrated solution稀溶液 weak solution,diluted solution 溶液分压 partial pressure of liquor吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption吸收式制冷 absorption refrigeration吸附式制冷 adsorption refrigeration工质对 working substance热力系数 heat ratio放气范围 deflation ratio焓-浓度图 enthalpy concentration chart 溴化锂吸收式制冷机 lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机 single-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两效型溴化锂吸收式制冷机 double-effect lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine单筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机 one-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine双筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机 two-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine三筒型溴化锂吸收式制冷机 three-shell lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine两级溴化锂吸收式制冷机 two-stage lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机 direct-fired lithiumbormide absorption refrigerating machine溴化锂吸收式冷温水机组 lithiumbromide absorption water heater chiller无泵型溴化锂吸收式制冷机lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine with bubble pump蒸汽型吸收式制冷机 steam operated absorption refrigerating machine热水型吸收式制冷机 hot water operated absorption refrigerating machine发生器 generator沉浸式发生器 submerged generator喷淋式发生器 spray-type generator立式降膜式发生器 vertical falling film generator直燃式发生器 direct-fired generator高压发生器 high pressure generator低压发生器 low pressure generator吸收器 absorber喷淋式吸收器 spray absorber降膜式吸收器 falling film absorber立式降膜式吸收器 vertical falling film absorber卧式降膜式吸收器 horizontal falling film absorber喷淋装置 spray system溶液换热器 solution heat exchanger 溶晶管 anti-crystallinic pipe抽气装置 purging system精馏器 rectifier屏蔽泵 shield pump发生器泵 generator pump吸收器泵 absorber pump蒸发器泵 evaporator pump溶液泵 solution pump氨水泵 aqua-ammonia pump混合阀 mixing valve太阳能制冷与供热英语太阳能 solar energy太阳常数 solar constant太阳能系统 solar energy system被动式太阳能系统 passive solar energy system主动式太阳能系统 active solar energy system混合式太阳能系统 hybrid solar energy system太阳能制冷 solar cooling太阳能热机驱动制冷 solarpowered cooling 太阳能吸收式制冷机 solar absorption refrigerating machine光-热转换制冷 photothermalrefrigeration光-电转换制冷 photoelectrical refrigeration太阳能蒸汽喷射制冷机 solar steam jet refrigerating machine连续式太阳能吸收式制冷机 continual solar absorption refrigerating machine 间歇式太阳能吸收式制冷机 intermittent solar absorption refrigerating machine 敞开式太阳能吸收式制冷机 open solar absorption refrigerating machine太阳能空调装置 solar air-conditioning system太阳能制冷系统 solar energy cooling system,solar cooling system太阳能集热器 solar collector选择式吸收表面 selective absorber surface电淀积 electrodeposition平板型太阳能集热器 flat plate solar collector真空管太阳能集热器 tubular solar collector,vacuum tube collector聚光型太阳能机热器 focus solarcollector集热量 heat-collecting capacity集热温度 heat-collecting temperature集热效率 heat-collecting efficiency蓄热介质 heat storge medium岩石蓄热容器 rock storge container辅助热源 supplementary heat source太阳能贮存系统 solar energy storge system太阳能供热系统 solar heatingsystem,solar space heating installation 自然循环闭式供水系统 natural convection closed water system强制循环闭式供水系统 forced convection in a closed water system热风供热系统 warm air heating system家用太阳能热水系统 solar domestic water heating system热管与余热制冷英语热管 heat pipe深冷热管 cryogenic heat pipe低温热管 low temperature heat pipe中温热管 moderate temperature heat pipe 高温热管 liquid metal heat pipe管芯 wick相容性 compatibility传热极限 heat transport limitation重力热管 gravity assisted heat pipe热管换热器 heat pipe exchanger深冷热管手术器 heat pipe surgery cryoprobe余热 exhaust heat低温余热 low temperature exhaust heat 余热制冷 utilizing waste heat for refrigeration氟利昂透平 freon turbine氟利昂透平离心式制冷机 centrifugal refrigerating machine driven by freon turbine动力-制冷循环 power/refrigeration cycle 透平压缩机及零部件英语涡流 swirl叶片颤振 blade flutter叶片通过频率 blade passing frequency 喘振 surging脱流 stall叶轮反应度反作用度 impeller reaction叶轮 impeller半开式叶轮 unshrouded impeller闭式叶轮 shrouded impeller叶片 blade,vane导流叶片组件 pre-rotary vane assembly 扩压器 diffuser蜗壳 scroll滑动 slip透平压缩机 turbocompressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor轴流式压缩机 axial flow compressor刚性轴离心式压缩机 stiff-shaft centrifugal compressor挠性轴离心式压缩机 flexibleshaft centrifugal compressor亚音速压缩机 subsonic compressor超音速压缩机 supersonic compressor冷却塔英语自然通风式冷却塔 atmpspheric cooling tower,natural draught cooling tower机械通风式冷水塔 mechanical draught cooling tower吸风式冷水塔 induced draught cooling tower送风式冷水塔 forced draught cooling tower水膜式冷水塔 film cooling tower水滴式冷水塔 drop cooling tower喷雾式冷水塔 spray cooling tower拉西环 Rasching rings温度接近值 approach水垢 scale水垢抑制剂 scale inhibitor藻类 algae防藻剂 algaecide淀渣 slime升压阀 back-up valve冷水塔 water cooling tower,cooling tower 凉水塔 water cooling tower,cooling tower 冷却塔 water cooling tower,cooling tower 喷水池 spray pond干式冷水塔 dry cooling tower湿-干式冷水塔 wet-dry cooling tower冷水塔填料 packing of cooling tower,fill of cooling tower膜式填料 film packing帘栅形填料 grid packing,grid fill片式填料 plate packing,plate fill松散填料 random packing,random fill飞溅式填料 splash packing空气压缩制冷系统英语空气循环制冷 air-cycle refrigeration空气循环制冷机 air-cycle refrigerating machine涡轮冷却器 turbine cooler温降 temperature drops开式循环 open cycle闭式循环 closed cycle除水 water elimination补气 air supply回热式空气制冷循环 regenerative air cycle飞机座舱空调系统 aircraftair-conditioning system增压式飞机空调系统 "Bootstrap" system 冲压空气 ram air制冷系统自动调节流量调节 flow regulation制冷剂控制器 refrigerant control膨胀阀 expansion valve节流阀 throttle valve热力膨胀阀 thermostatic expansion valve 热电膨胀阀 thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀 internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀 external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管 external equalizer pipe内平衡管 internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失 pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注 same material charge交充注 cross charge吸附充注 absorptive charge气体充注 gas charge膨胀阀过热度 superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节 superheat temperature regulation 膨胀阀容量 expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀 hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀 automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀 float regulation valve浮球阀 float valve低压浮球阀 low pressure float valve高压浮球阀 high pressure float valve流量调节 flow regualation制冷剂控制器 refrigerant control膨胀阀 expansion valve节流阀 throttle valve热力膨胀阀 thermostatic expansion valve 热电膨胀阀 thermal electric expansion valve内平衡热力膨胀阀 internal equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡热力膨胀阀 external equalizer thermostaice expansion valve外平衡管 external equalizer pipe内平衡管 internal equalizer pipe蒸发器阻力损失 pressure drop of evaporator同工质充注 same material charge交充注 cross charge吸附充注 absorptive charge气体充注 gas charge膨胀阀过热度 superheat degree of expansion valve过热温度调节 superheat temperature regulation膨胀阀容量 expansion valve capacity手动膨胀阀 hand expansion valve自动膨胀阀 automatic expansion valve浮球调节阀 float regulation valve浮球阀 float valve低压浮球阀 low pressure float valve高压浮球阀 high pressure float valve恒压膨胀阀 constant pressure expansion valve能量调节 capacity regulator单机能量调节 capacity regulation of single unit卸载能量调节 capacity regulation of load drainage程序指令式能量调节系统 capacity regulation system of program order电磁阀 solenoid valve电磁滑阀 magnetic slide valve三通电磁阀 three way magnetic valve蒸汽喷射式制冷系统英语蒸汽喷射制冷 steam jet refrigeration蒸汽喷射制冷机 steam-jet refrigerating machine蒸发式蒸汽喷射制冷机 evaporation-type steam jet refrigeration machine混合式蒸汽喷射制冷机 contact-type steam jet refrigerating machine蒸汽喷射制冷系统 steam jetrefrigerating system蒸汽喷射器 steam ejector主喷射器 main ejector辅助喷射器 auxiliary ejector喷射系数 jet coefficient主冷凝器 main condenser辅助冷凝器 auxiliary condenser多效蒸发 multieffective evaporation高位安装 high-level installation低位安装 low-level installation高低位安装 high-low-level installation 臭氧层保护英语臭氧 ozone臭氧层 ozonesphere,ozone layer臭氧层破坏 ozonespheredepletion,ozonesphere disturbance消耗臭氧层物质 ozone depleting substancesODS禁用制冷剂 forbidden refrigerant过渡制冷剂 transition refrigerant替代制冷剂 substitute refrigerant自然制冷剂 natural refrigerant氟利昂家族 freon group全氟代烃 fluorocarbon FC氯氟烃 chloroflurocarbonCFC氢氟烃 hydrofluorocarbonHCF含氢氯氟烃 hydrochloroflurocarbonHCFC 含氢氯化烃 hydrochlorocarbonHCC全氯化烃 polychlorocarbonPCC哈龙 Halon共沸混合物 azeotropic mixture碳氢化合物 hydrocarboncompound,hydrocarbonHC臭氧消耗潜能值 ozone depletion potentialODP温室效应 greenhouse effect 全球变暖 global warming京都议定书 kyoto protocol全球变暖潜能值 global warming potentialGWP变暖影响总当量 total equivalent warming impactTEWI寿命期气候性能 life cycle climate performanceLCCP蕴含能量 embodied energy不易收集的排放 fugitive emissions热电制冷英语热电制冷 thermoelectric refrigeration 温差电制冷 thermoelectric refrigeration 半导体制冷 semiconductor refrigeration 热电效应 thermoelectric effect塞贝克效应 Seebeck effect珀尔帖效应 Peltier effect热电制冷效应 thermoelectric refrigeration effect汤姆逊效应 Thomson effect焦耳效应 Joule effect傅里叶效应 Fourier effect温差电动势 thermoelectric power塞贝克系数 Seebeck coefficient优值系数 figure of merit热电堆 thermoelectric pile温差电堆 thermoelectric pile最佳电流 optimum current经济电流 economic current热电半导体 thermoelectric semiconductors热电材料 thermoelectric material热电制冷材料 thermoelectric cooling materialn型半导体 n-type semiconductorsp型半导体 p-type semiconductors半导体制冷器thermoelectric-refrigerating unit热电制冷器 thermoelectric refrigerating unit热电空调器 thermoelectric air conditioner半导体空调器 thermoelectric air conditioner半导体恒温器 thermoelectric thermostat 半导体冷饮水器 thermoelectric drinking water cooler半导体热泵 thermoelectric heat pump 半导体降温机 thermoelectric dehumidifier低温半导体制冷器 low temperature thermoelectric unit焊接式半导体制冷器 soldered thermoelectric refrigerating unit 粘接式半导体制冷器 sticky thermoelectric refrigerating unit 嵌装式半导体制冷器 inlaid thermoelectric refrigerating unit 复叠式半导体制冷器 cascade thermoelectric refrigerating unit 医用半导体制冷器 medicine thermoelectric refrigerating unit盐水冷却系统开式盐水冷却系统 open brine system 闭式盐水系统 closed brine system盐水箱 brine bank盐水混合箱 brine mixing tank盐水溢流箱 brine return tank盐水回流箱 brine return tank盐水膨胀箱 brine balance tank盐水加热器 brine heater盐水冷却器 brine cooler盐水筒 brine drum盐水集管 brine header盐水泵 brine pump盐水喷雾 brine spray盐水喷淋 brine sparge制冷暖通行业品牌中英文对照AEROFLEX “亚罗弗”保温ALCO “艾科”自控Alerton 雅利顿Alfa laval阿法拉伐ARMSTRONG “阿姆斯壮”保温AUX 奥克斯BELIMO 瑞士“搏力谋”BERONOR西班牙“北诺尔”电加热器BILTUR 意大利“百得”BOSIC “柏诚”自控BROAD 远大Burnham美国“博恩汉”锅炉CALPEDA意大利“科沛达”水泵CARLY 法国“嘉利”制冷配件Carrier 开利Chigo 志高Cipriani 意大利斯普莱力CLIMAVENETA意大利“克莱门特”Copeland“谷轮”压缩机CYRUS意大利”赛诺思”自控DAIKIN 大金Danfoss丹佛斯Dorin “多菱”压缩机DUNHAM-BUSH 顿汉布什DuPont美国“杜邦”制冷剂Dwyer 美国德威尔EBM “依必安”风机ELIWELL意大利“伊力威”自控EVAPCO美国“益美高”冷却设备EVERY CONTROL意大利“美控”Erie 怡日FRASCOLD 意大利“富士豪”压缩机FRICO瑞典“弗瑞克”空气幕FUJI “富士”变频器FULTON 美国“富尔顿”锅炉GENUIN “正野”风机GREE 格力GREENCOOL格林柯尔GRUNDFOS “格兰富”水泵Haier 海尔Hisense 海信HITACHI 日立Honeywell 霍尼韦尔Johnson 江森Kelon 科龙KRUGER瑞士“科禄格”风机KU BA德国“库宝”冷风机Liang Chi 良机LIEBERT 力博特MARLEY “马利”冷却塔Maneurop法国“美优乐”压缩机McQuary 麦克维尔Midea 美的MITSUBISHI三菱Munters 瑞典“蒙特”除湿机Oventrop德国“欧文托普”阀门Panasonic 松下RANCO “宏高”自控REFCOMP意大利“莱富康”压缩机RIDGID 美国“里奇”工具RUUD美国“路德”空调RYODEN “菱电”冷却塔SanKen “三垦”变频器Samsung 三星SANYO 三洋SASWELL英国森威尔Schneider 施耐德SenseAir 瑞典“森尔”传感器SIEMENS 西门子SINKO "新晃“空调SINRO “新菱”冷却塔STAND “思探得”加湿器SWEP 舒瑞普TECKA “台佳”空调Tecumseh“泰康”压缩机TRANE 特灵TROX德国“妥思”VASALA芬兰“维萨拉”传感器WILO德国“威乐”水泵WITTLER 德国”威特”阀门YORK 约克ZENNER德国“真兰”计量制冷能力及计算术语英语运行工况 operating conditions标准性能 standard rating标准工况 standard condition空调工况 air conditioning condition内部条件 internal conditions外部条件 external conditions蓄热 accumulation of heat蓄冷 accumulation of cold制冰能力 ice-making capacity热泵用压缩机的供热系数 heat-pump compressor coefficient of performance 容积效率 volumetric efficiency容积输气量 vulumetric displacement实际输气量 actual displacement理论输气量 theoretical displacement冷凝热量 condenser heat过冷热量 heat of subcooling过热热量 superheat运转工况下的制冷量 rating under working conditions标准制冷量 standard rating名义工况 normal conditions试验工况 test conditions轴功率 brake power效率 efficiency指示效率 indicated efficiency机械效率 mechanical efficiency 总效率 overall efficiency制冷系数 coefficient of performance COP 制冷压缩机的制冷系数 refrigerating compressor coefficient of performance 热力完善度 thermodynamical perfectness 能效比 energy efficiency ratio EER热泵供热系数 heat-pump coefficient of performance空调有效显热制冷量 useful sensible heat capacity of air conditioner空调有效潜热减湿制冷量 useful latent heat dehumidifyying capacity of air conditioner空调器有效总制冷量 useful total capacity of air conditioner制冷剂循环量 circulating mass of refrigerant制冷剂循环容积 circulating volume of refrigerant单位压缩功 compress work per mass示功图 indicator diagram指示功 indicated work摩擦功 frictional work功率 power摩擦功率 frictional power指示功率 indicated power理论功率 idea power制冷量 refrigerating capacity总制冷量 gross refrigerating capacity 净制冷量 net refrigerating capacity单位制冷量 refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量 refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume制冷系统制冷量 system refrigerating capacity单位轴功率制冷量 refrigerating effect per shaft power压缩冷凝机组制冷量 compressor condensing unit refrigerating capacity 制冷压缩机制冷量 refrigerant compressor capacity蒸发器净制冷量 net cooler refrigerating capacity制冷装置制冷装置 refrigeratinginstallation,refrigerating plant工业制冷装置 industrial refrigerating plant商业制冷装置 commercial refrigerating plant中心站房 central station成套机组 self-contained system规范安装 code installation制冷回路 refrigerating circuit热平衡 heat balance货物负荷 product load操作负荷 service load设计负荷 design load负荷系数 load factor制冷装置试验与操作试运转 commissioning吹污 flush气密性试验 gas-tight test,air-right test密闭容器 closed container漏气 air infiltration放气 air vent检漏 leak hunting,leak detection检漏仪 leak detector卤素灯 halide torch电子检漏仪 electronic leak detector真空试验 vacuum test试验压力 test pressure工作压力 operating pressure,working pressure最高工作压力 highest operating pressure 气密试验压力 gas-tight test pressure设计压力 design pressure平衡压力 balance pressure充气 aerate,gas charging制冷剂充注 refrigerant charging首次充注 initial charge保护充注 holding charge,service charge 制冷剂不足 lack ofrefrigerant,under-charge,gas shortage 缺液 starveling充灌台 charging board充灌量 charge充注过多 overcharge供液过多 overfeeding制冷剂抽空 pump down of refrigerant降温试验 pull down test制冷功能试验 refrigeration test 卸载起动 no-load starting,unloadedstart卸载机构 unloader闪发 flash vaporization,instantaneous vaporization闪发气体 flash gas不凝性气体 non condensable gas气体排除 gas purging,degassing,gasoff 阀针跳动 hammering,needle hammer阀振荡 hunting of a valve阀片跳动 valve flutter,valve bounce短期循环 short-cycling异常温升 overheating泄漏 leak气蚀 cavitation制冷剂瓶 refrigerant cylinder,gas bottle检修用瓶 service cylinder,gas bottle紧急泄放阀 emergency-relief valve检修阀 service valve安全阀 pressure relief valve抽空阀 pump out valve加油阀 oil charge valve放油阀 oil drain valve放空阀 purge valve充灌阀 charging valve喷液阀 liquid injection valve润滑油润滑油 lubricant oil冷冻机油 refrigeration oil冷冻油 refrigerant oil凝点 condensation point闪点 flash point浊点 cloud point絮凝点 flock point流动点 pour point起泡 foaming皂化 saponify油泥 sludge结碳 carbonization制冷剂制冷剂制冷工质 refrigerant高温制冷剂 high temperature refrigerant 低压制冷剂 low pressure refrigerant中温制冷剂 medium temperature refrigerant中压制冷剂 medium pressure refrigerant低温制冷剂 low temperature refrigerant 高压制冷剂 high pressure refrigerant 氟利昂 freon卤化碳制冷剂 halocarbo refrigerant氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22氟利昂113 freon 113氟利昂125 freon 125氟利昂134a freon 134a氟利昂152a freon 152a碳氢化合物制冷剂 hydrocarbon refrigerant甲烷 methane乙烷 ethane丙烷 propane丁烷 butane异丁烷 isobutane乙烯 ethylene无机化合物制冷剂 inorganic compund refrigerant氨 ammonia二氧化碳 carbon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide干冰 dry ice共沸制冷剂 azeotropic mixture refrigerant氟里昂500 freon 500氟里昂501 freon 501氟里昂502 freon 502氟里昂503 freon 503氟里昂504 freon 504近共沸溶液制冷剂 near azeotropic mixture refrigerant非共沸溶液制冷剂 nonazeotropic mixture refrigerant蒸发器壳盘管式蒸发器 shell-and-coil evaporator壳管式蒸发器 shell-and-tube evaporator 喷淋式蒸发器 spray-type evaporator立管式蒸发器 vertical-type evaporator 平行管蒸发器 receway coil螺旋管式蒸发器 spiral tube evaporator “V”型管蒸发器 herringbone type evaporator沉浸式盘管蒸发器 submerged evaporator 板式蒸发器 plate-type evaporator螺旋板式蒸发器 spiral sheet evaporator 平板式蒸发器 plate-typeevaporator,tube-in-sheet evaporator 管板式蒸发器 tube-on-sheet evaporator 凹凸板式蒸发器 embossed-plate evaporator吹胀式蒸发器 roll-bond evaporator压焊板式蒸发器 roll-bond evaporator制冰块器的蒸发器 ice cube maker evaporator结冰式蒸发器 ice-bank evaporator蓄冰式蒸发器 ice-bank evaporator结霜蒸发器 frosting evaporator除霜蒸发器 defrosting evaporator无霜蒸发器 nonfrosting evaporator强制通风蒸发器 forced circulation evaporator冷液式蒸发器 liquid cooling evaporator 封套式蒸发器 wrap-round evaporator蒸发器 evaporator直接冷却式蒸发器 direct evaporator直接式蒸发器 direct evaporator间接冷却式蒸发器 indirect cooled evaporator间接式蒸发器 indirect evaporator干式蒸发器 dry expansion evaporator满液式蒸发器 flooded evaporator再循环式蒸发器 recirculation-type evaporator强制循环式蒸发器 pump-feed evaporator 冷凝器英语冷凝器 condenser冷凝液 condensate空冷式冷凝器 air-cooled condenser风冷式冷凝器 air-cooled condenser自然对流空冷式冷凝器 natural convecton air-cooled condenser强制通风式冷凝器 forced draught condenser冷凝风机 condensate fan线绕式冷凝器 wire and tube condenser 水冷式冷凝器 water-cooled condenser。