2021年高考英语(北京卷)基础知识积累与运用(原卷版)

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语（北京卷）基础知识积累与运用
完形填空
一．基础词汇考查与积累
二．词性转换
三．高考真题改编之语法填空
1.I got a seat opposite a middleaged man with sharp eyes，___________ kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap．
2.Your child has been looking for an opportunity _____________ (climb) out of the window, so I have been watching all the time.
语法填空
一．基础词汇考查与积累
二．词性转换
阅读A篇
一．基础词汇考查与积累
二．词性转换
三．一词多义(将下列斜体字的含义写在横线上) 1. apply,
原文：Who can apply？
谁可以申请？
（1）By the time I saw the job advertised, it was too late to apply. ______________
（2）The discount applies only to children under the age of ten. _____________
（3）Apply the cream to exposed areas every three hours and after swimming. _____________
（4）You can solve any problem if you apply yourself. ______________
原文：Applicants are required to present a letter from a technical institution.
申请者被要求呈递一份来自于技术机构的信。

（1）They presented a sum of money to the charitable organization to help the homeless. ____________ （2）This job presents many difficulties to the new recruit. _____________
（3）Everyone present weled the decision. _____________
（4）The game has existed in its present from for more than 300 years. _____________
（5）I am looking for a birthday present for my mother, but I didn’t find any suitable. _____________ （6）I am usually too immersed to the present to worry about the future. ______________
四．高考真题改编之语法填空
1. You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work __________ the manager.
2. You should have your motivation letter ready before ___________ (fill) out the application form.
3. If __________ (select)，you will be contacted by a manager．
五．写作积累与练习
You should have a good mand of either English or French．
你应该熟悉掌握英语或者法语。

You must have an excellent knowledge of officerelated software．
你必须熟悉掌握办公室相关的软件。

You should possess strong interpersonal and munication skills．
你应该拥有强的人际交往技巧。

练习1：熟悉掌握英语和办公室相关软件可以使你胜任这份工作。

__________________________________________________________________________________
练习2：我拥有强的人际交往技巧以及积极的人生态度，所以，我可以胜任这份工作。

__________________________________________________________________________________
阅读B篇
一．基础词汇考查与积累
二．词性转换
三．一词多义(将下列斜体字的含义写在横线上)
affect
原文：Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．
既然我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且是十个人的生活。

（1）Both buildings were badly affected by the big fire. ______________
（2）I was deeply affected by the film. ______________
（3）The drought affected local farmers and market gardeners. _____________
四．高考真题改编之语法填空
1. Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望）and need ___________ I joined this project without hesitation．
2. ___________ the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．
五．长难句分析
When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．
阅读C篇
一．基础词汇的考查与积累
二．词性转换
三．熟词生义 (翻译句子，并写出黑体词的含义)
Researchers in many areas have projected the widespread collapse as“a credible scenario（情景）this century”．
project, ____________
翻译：___________________________________________________________________________ 四．长难句分析
1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world's most technologically advanced nations．
2.Not very long ago，it was also unthinkable that a virus would shut down nations and that safety nets would be proven so disastrously lacking in flexibility．
阅读D篇
一．基础词汇考查与积累
二．词性转换
三．熟词生义 (翻译句子，并写出黑体词的含义)
1. Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it．
wrinkle, ____________
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 2.The clock registers both shortterm irregularities and longterm trends in river dynamics．
register, ___________
翻译：________________________________________________________________________________ 四．高考真题改编之语法填空
1. We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers，___________ are sensitive to local and global environmental changes．
2. This sort of observatory allows us ___________ (witness) those changes on our smartwatches or phones.
五．长难句分析
It's a sort of observatory that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame（时间框架），and allows us to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phones.
阅读理解七选五
一．基础词汇考查与积累
一．词性转换
三．高考真题改编之语法填空
1. ____________ (interesting)，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
2. When the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects _________ heart rates appeared to follow suit．
四．长难句分析
When it es to heart health，there is speculation （推测）that it's not the style of music，but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．
五．写作积累与练习
1. Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．
在晚上，很多人睡前享受放松的音乐。

istening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
每天就听30分钟轻柔的音乐可以通过压力和焦虑的减轻，来促进健康的血糖水平。

3.By distracting （分心）the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels．人们说，音乐可以降低压力和焦虑的水平，帮助人们从痛苦中分散注意力。

练习1：在演出之前，他们排练了好几天，为了展示最好的自己。

_____________________________________________________________________________________
练习2：听舒缓的音乐可以从痛苦中分散注意力，这使得降低压力和焦虑水平。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 阅读任务
一．基础词汇考查与积累
二．词性转换
三．高考真题改编之语法填空
1.Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues ___________ (relate) to those concerns．
2. ___________ (pare) with those who avoided an argument, people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions.
3. It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking ___________ (talk) about it may eventually lead to a better oute．
书面表达（略）。