湖北省武汉市高中毕业生2021届高三年级三月质量检测英语试题及解析

武汉市2021届高中毕业生三月质量检测
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3. 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15.
B. £ 9. 18.
C. £ 9. 15.
答案是C。

1. Where are probably the speakers?
A. At home.
B. At school.
C. At hospital.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. An interview.
B. An exam.
C. A debate.
3. What is the woman worried about?
A. Driving too fast.
B. Missing the exit.
C. Getting a ticket.
4. What is the weather today?
A. Foggy.
B. Cloudy.
C. Sunny.
5. Who is good at playing the violin?
A. The man.
B. The man's sister.
C. The woman.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6. Why is the woman making the phone call?
A. To pay for the contract.
B. To rent an apartment.
C. To make some arrangements.
7. How will the woman make the payment?
A. In cash.
B. By credit card.
C. By check.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What was the girl's mother angry about?
A. She didn't do her homework.
B. She didn't ask for permission.
C. She didn't finish the housework.
9. What does the man offer to do for the girl?
A. Give her a ride.
B. Pick her up later.
C. Help her with homework.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What does the man need to borrow books?
A. An application form.
B. A library card.
C. An identity card.
11. How much should the man pay if he is late for a day?
A. Six pence.
B. Fifteen pence.
C. Fifty pence.
12. What is not allowed in the library?
A. Laptops.
B. Food and drinks.
C. Cellphones.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. When did the speakers last meet?
A. Last week.
B. Weeks ago.
C. Months ago.
14. What did the man do last month?
A. He joined a health club.
B. He had a new job
C. He bought some guess passes.
15. How did the woman feel about exercising at home?
A. She felt great.
B. She felt sick.
C. She felt bored.
16. What will the speakers possibly do this weekend?
A. Join a gym.
B. Work out together.
C. Start a health club.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. When is the essay due?
A. 18th October.
B. 19th October.
C. 28th October.
18. Which way is better to hand in the essay?
A. By email.
B. In person.
C. By post.
19. What goes on the last page of the essay?
A. The ideas you used.
B. The books you used.
C. The data you used.
20. What is not mentioned in the speech?
A. Making the essay easy to read.
B. Using page numbers.
C. Noting the words limit.
第二部分阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2. 5分，满分50分)
第一节（共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

A
School's Annual Talent Show
Entry Forms Due: Friday October 9
It's time for our fall talent show to be held at the Middle School Little Theatre on Friday, Nov. 13th. If there are too many acts for one show, an additional performance will be added two days before the show.
Students and teachers are supposed to dust off their tutus(芭蕾舞裙), tune up their instruments, or warm up their voices for any act under two minutes. To participate please complete a participation form, volunteer sheet, and permission slip.
If you are not interested in performing, we hope you will attend the show! Stay tuned for more information! Guests attending the show may make a small monetary donation to help cover the cost of this event.
Students/Teachers participating must include their music with their forms. Music shall be on a CD, clearly labeled with the title, track number, and performer's name(s). CDs will NOT be returned. If you prefer, you may email your music to Jane Doe at janedoe@email.c-o/m. Your CD must be performance ready. Any necessary editing must be complete. For questions regarding the music, please phone Jane at 123-4567-8910.
Please send your forms and music by the deadline to your child's classroom.
1. When will possible additional performances be added?
A. October 9th.
B. November 13th.
C. November 11th.
D. October 7th. 2. What is required for a student to participate in the show? A. Contribute a small amount of money. B. Email your music to Jane Doe. C. Just send in the participation form. D. Get prepared in two minutes. 3. Who is this notice addressed to? A. The students. B. The performers. C. The parents. D. The guests. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【分析】这是一篇应用文。

文章是写给学生家长的关于学校一年一度举行的才艺表演的通知。

【1题详解】细节理解题。

根据文章第一段中句子“It's time for ou r fall talent show to be held at the Middle School Little Theatre on Friday, Nov. 13th. If there are too many acts for one show, an additional performance will be added two days before the show.”（我们的秋季才艺表演将于11月13日星期五在中学小剧场举行。

如果一场演出人数过多，将在演出前两天增加一场演出。

）可知，额外增加的表演会在演出前两天增加，才艺表演的演出时间为11月13日，那么额外增加的表演应该在11月11日。

故选C项。

【2题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第一句“Students and teachers are supposed to dust off their tutus(芭蕾舞裙), tune up their instruments, or warm up their voices for any act under two minutes. ”（在两分钟内，任何表演中的学生和老师都要提前掸去芭蕾舞裙上的灰尘，调好乐器，或者试音）可知，参加演出的学生，需要在两分钟内提前做好准备工作。

故选D项。

【3题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“Please send your forms and music by the deadline to your child's classroom.”（请在截止日期前将表格和音乐送到孩子的教室）中的your child可知，
这个通知是发给家长的，故选C项。

【点睛】
B
A 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water, drug addiction and other social problems has been named Time Magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year”.
Rao told The Associated Press in an interview from her home that the prize is nothing that I could have ever imagined. And I’m so grateful and just so excited that we’re really taking a look at the upcoming generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands.
Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals. Rao insisted that starting out small doesn't matter, as long as you're passionate about it.
She told Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions. The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan, inspired her work to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone, she said.
“I was like 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab, and my mum was like, A what?” Rao told Jolie. She said that work is going to be in our generation’s hands pretty soon. “So if no one else i s gonna do it, I’m gonna do it.”
In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness, the best way that a younger generation can better the world.
“We have science in everything we’re involved in, and I think that’s the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator.” Rao said, “Anybody can do science.”
4. What did Rao think of the award she received?
A. It was a mark of social progress.
B. It was a recognition of her work.
C. It was an inspiration to the youth.
D. It was a title beyond her expectation
5. Why would Rao start to pursue science?
A. To encourage people to aim high.
B. To pursue her passion for research.
C. To change the society for the better.
D. To stop science from being questioned.
6. Which word can best describe Rao?
A. Cool.
B. Kind.
C. Independent.
D. Creative.
7. What's the purpose of the text?
A. To report a young genius.
B. To introduce new inventions.
C. To improve social conditions.
D. To present artificial intelligence.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了一位年仅15的孩子Rao被《时代》杂志评为第一个“年度儿童”。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文章第二段“the prize is nothing that I could have ever imagined(该奖项是我从未想过的)”可知，Rao从未觉得自己可以得奖，这远远超出了她的预期。

故选D。

【5题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文章第四段“She told Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions.(她在接受《时代》杂志特约编辑安吉丽娜·朱莉采访时表示，她很早就开始追求科学，是为了改善社会条件)”可知，Rao追求科学是为了改善社会条件，即让社会变得更好。

故选C。

【6题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“We have science in everything we’re involved in, and I think that’s the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator(我们参与的每件事都包含了科学。

我认为这是最重要的是科学很酷，创新很酷，任何人都可以成为创新者)”以及文章第一段“created apps(创立应用软件)”可知，Rao热爱创新并且追求创新。

由此推知，她是一个非常创新的人。

故选D。

【7题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章第一段“A 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water, drug addiction an d other social problems has been named Time Magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the
Year”.(近日，美国科罗拉多州一名15岁的高中生和年轻科学家被《时代》杂志评为第一个“年度儿童”。

他使用人工智能(AI)技术，并创建了应用程序，来解决饮用水污染、吸毒成瘾和其他社会问题)”可知，本文主要介绍了年仅十五岁的年度儿童Rao以及她所做出的贡献。

短文的目的是报道一个年轻的天才。

故选A。

C
Killer whales, or orcas, are known for their severe attacks on sea animals but they have never posed a threat to humans. However, since late July, the normally social animals have been intentionally attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal.
The strange behavior first surfaced on July 29, 2020, when a 46-foot boat was repeatedly attacked for almost an hour by nine orcas, causing the boat to rotate(旋转) 180 degrees and having its engine switched off. Since then, over 30 more similar incidents have been reported. On September 23, 2020, Spain's government banned boats of less than 50 feet in length from sailing in the 60-mile stretch of the Atlantic coastline between Ferrol and the Estaca de Bares Cape, where the attacks have been occurring.
Researchers across the world are trying to explain the orcas' behavior. Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefish tuna - the orcas' primary food source -which has left the area's killer whales starving and unable to feed their babies. "I saw them look at boats carrying fish.
I think they know humans are somehow related to food shortages, "says Ken Balcomb, senior scientist at the Center for Whale Research in Washington, USA. The environmentalists believe the sudden increase in boat traffic and fishing activities, after months of absence due to restrictions on human activity last spring, could also be contributing to the agitation.
However, Alfredo López, a biology professor in Galicia, Spain, thinks the attacks are defensive measures the orcas adopted to protect themselves against boat injuries. The researcher came to this conclusion after looking at the of the videos of a few incidents and noticing that two of the young killer whales involved had serious injuries. Hopefully, the experts will be able to find a way to restore the harmony between the animals and the humans soon.
8. What do we know about orcas in paragraph 1?
A. They are friendly to humans.
B. They have changed their behavior.
C. They are famous for hunting skills
D. They have met tough living conditions.
9. Who hold(s) the idea that fishing activities caused the incidents?
A. Ken Balcomb.
B. The environmentalists.
C. Alfredo López.
D. Spain's government.
10. What does the underlined word "the agitation" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The attacks.
B. Food shortages.
C. The overfishing.
D. Human activities.
11. What might be a suitable title for this text?
A. How do killer whales attack humans?
B. Why Are Killer Whales attacking Boats?
C. How can we live in harmony with animals?
D. Why are boats banned from sailing on the sea?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。

报道了西班牙葡萄牙近海区多艘小型渔船遭遇杀人鲸袭击。

【8题详解】
推理判断题。

由根据第一段第一句“Killer whales, or orcas, are known for their severe attacks on sea animals but they have never posed a threat to humans.”可知，以前虎鲸从未袭击人类。

结合第二句“ However, since late July, the normally social animals have been intentionally attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal.”（然而自从去年七月，这种动物一直在有意地袭击西班牙葡萄牙近海岸水域的渔船。

）可知，虎鲸改变了他们的行为。

故选B项。

”
【9题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第三段“Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefish tuna - the orcas' primary food source -which has left the area's killer whales starving and unable to feed their babies. "I saw them look at boats carrying fish. I think they know humans are somehow related to food shortages, "says Ken Balcomb, senior scientist at the Center for Whale Research in Washington, USA.（有些研究员认为可能是由于人类过度捕猎虎鲸为食的鱼类引起的，导致虎鲸吃不饱不能喂养幼鲸。

Ken Balcomb,说他看到虎鲸盯着载满鱼的船，大概知道人类和他们挨饿有关）可知，A项符合题意。

故选A项。

【10题详解】
词句猜测题。

第三段在分析虎鲸袭击人类的渔船行为的原因。

举例说明了有的研究员认为是
人类过度捕鱼可能导致虎鲸食物不足，引发虎鲸袭击渔船。

划线词所在句子“The environmentalists believe the sudden increase in boat traffic and fishing activities, after months of absence due to restrictions on human activity last spring, could also be contributing to the agitation.”（环境学家认为好几个月的春季禁渔期结束，渔船流量突然增加和捕鱼活动也可能会导致这些虎鲸袭击渔船事件。

）该句分析了另一个引发虎鲸袭击事件的原因，据此可以推测划线词的意思是虎鲸袭击事件。

故选A项。

【11题详解】
推理判断题。

文章开头介绍虎鲸袭击渔船的异常行为。

接下来分析各种有可能引发虎鲸异常行为的诱因，所以题目应该是“虎鲸为什么袭击渔船”。

故选B项
D
US and Canadian researchers recently calculated the total amount of the world's groundwater and estimated that it is equal to a lake 180 metres deep covering the entire Earth. This makes groundwater the largest active freshwater resource on the planet. The team also investigated its age. How did they do this?
Humans introduced a convenient time signature on the Earth when we started testing atomic (原子的) weapons. This leaves a time stamp which can be found in water, rocks and living organisms. By seeing if radioactivity (放射性) from atomic bomb testing was present in the groundwater, the researchers could estimate that about 6% of this groundwater is younger than50 years old. If this water was spread evenly over the continents, then there is just three metres depth of "modern" groundwater spread equally over the continents.
It could be argued that if we use only this "modem" groundwater, then this is sustainable, as we know that it has been replaced (or recharged) by natural processes over the last 50years. But how quickly groundwater recharges changes over time.
Water has to reach the inside of rocks, either now or in the past. This means that the amount of rainfall has to be more than the amount of water evaporating (蒸发) from the land surface, and more than the amount of water used by all the plants. When this occurs, fresh water can recharge the groundwater from either water "leaking" from the beds of rivers or from rainwater that passes through the soil.
In many parts of the world we know that groundwater recharge varies due to natural climate variability such as El Nino. Groundwater recharge will also change with global warming.
12. In order to know the age of groundwater, we can ________.
A.find its time stamp
B. test atomic weapons
C. examine its freshness
D. spread groundwater equally 13. What do people think of the supply of "modern" groundwater? A. It's fresh. B. It's limited. C. It's vital. D. It's sufficient. 14. What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Water evaporating. B. Water leaking from river beds. C. Water getting into rocks. D. Water being used by all the plants. 15. What are the last three paragraphs mainly talking about? A. Climate variability. B. Global warming. C. Groundwater exploration. D. Groundwater sustainability. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了地下水成为地球上最大的活跃淡水资源的现象以及地下水的可持续性。

【12题详解】细节理解题。

根据第二段“Humans introduced a convenient time signature on the Earth when we started testing atomic (原子的) weapons. This leaves a time stamp which can be found in water, rocks and living organisms.(人类在开始测试核武器时在地球上引入了方便的时间签名。

这就
留下了一个可以在水、岩石和生物体内找到的时间印记)”可知，为了了解地下水的年龄，
我们可以找到它的时间印记。

故选A项。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段“If this water was spread evenly over the continents, then there is just
three metres depth of "modern" groundwater spread equally over the continents.(如果这些水平均
分布在各大洲，那么只有3米深的“现代”地下水平均分布在各大洲)”可知，人们认为这
种“现代”地下水是有限的。

故选B项。

【14题详解】
词句猜测题。

根据第四段“Water has to reach the inside of rocks, either now or in the past.(水必
须到达岩石内部，无论是现在还是过去)”可知，this指代的是水进入岩石。

故选C项。

【15题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据倒数第三段“It could be argued that if we use only this "modem" groundwater, then this is sustainable(有人可能会说，如果我们只使用这种“现代”地下水，那么这是可持续的)”和倒数第二段“When this occurs, fresh water can recharge the groundwater from either water "leaking" from the beds of rivers or from rainwater that passes through the soil.(当这种情况发生时，淡水可以通过从河床“漏出”的水或通过土壤的雨水来补充地下水)”以及最后一段“Groundwater recharge will also change with global warming.(地下水补给也会随着全球变暖而改变)”可知，最后三段都围绕地下水的可持续性来写。

故选D项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Diversity comes in many forms: gender, race, age, culture, etc. All of these contribute to an individual's unique experience of the world. Here are some reasons why it is significant in all aspects of our lives.
Productivity
Bringing together people of various backgrounds lead to new ideas. ___16___ When tackling an issue, wouldn't it be better to have more than one understanding approach, rather than everyone contributing the same thoughts and conclusions?
Becoming a World Citizen
If you experience diversity in your everyday life, you will be regularly exposed to people, cultures, traditions, and practices that are unlike your own. Not only will you improve your social development, but you will also increase your understanding of the world. ___17___ Growing Acceptance
Promoting diversity is the first step to true acceptance. Through growing contact with, and communication between new people, individuals may see that they may have more in common than they thought.___18___ And that is okay, too! Increasing familiarity with these differences can facilitate acceptance.
Richer Life Experience
Diversity is colorful! What if everyone who surrounded you was exactly like you, in every way?___19___ We need new ideas, views, and practices to stimulate and inspire us, to show us the way others eat, celebrate, and love!
We must not forget to spread the word about the importance of diversity and to face the world with a love and a celebration of our differences.___20___
A. Where is the fun in that?
B. Or, they may still be remarkably different.
C. Everyone has their own way of viewing a problem.
D. This will prepare you to be a part of a global society.
E. Is diversity something we should fight for in all aspects of our lives?
F. Hearing about another's experience can provide you a different idea.
G. Together, our differences make a strong and beautiful world community.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了多样性的多种形式以及好处。

【16题详解】
根据下文“When tackling an issue, wouldn't it be better to have more than one understanding approach, rather than everyone contributing the same thoughts and conclusions?(在处理一个问题时，有多个理解方法而不是每个人都有相同的想法和结论不是更好吗？)”说明大家都有各自的想法。

C选项“Everyone has their own way of viewing a problem.(每个人都有自己看待问题的方式)”符合题意，故选C项。

【17题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Becoming a World Citizen(成为世界公民)”可知，多样性可以使自己成为世界的一员。

D选项“This will prepare you to be a part of a global society.(这将为你成为全球化社会的一员做好准备)”符合题意，故选D项。

【18题详解】
根据前文“Through growing contact with, and communication between new people, individuals may see that they may have more in common than they thought.(通过与陌生人之间不断增长的接触和交流，个人可能会发现他们可能有比他们认为的更多的共同之处)”以及后文“通过与
陌生人之间不断增长的接触和交流，个人可能会发现他们可能有比他们认为的更多的共同之处。

（这也没关系!）”可知，通过与陌生人之间不断增长的接触和交流，也可能有很大的差别。

B选项“Or, they may still be remarkably different.(或者，它们可能仍然非常不同)”符合题意，故选B项。

【19题详解】
根据前文“What if everyone who surrounded you was exactly like you, in every way?(如果你周围的人在各个方面都和你一模一样呢？)”以及本段小标题“Richer Life Experience(丰富的生活体验)”可知，和各方面都一模一样的人交流是无趣的。

A选项“Where is the fun in that? (这有什么乐趣呢？)”符合题意，故选A项。

【20题详解】
根据前文“We must not forget to spread the word about the importance of diversity and to face the world with a love and a celebration of our differences.(我们一定不要忘记传播多样性的重要性，用爱和庆祝我们的差异来面对世界)”可知，多样性影响着世界。

G选项“Together, our differences make a strong and beautiful world community.(我们的差异共同构成了一个强大而美丽的世界共同体)”符合题意，故选G项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One day I was driving to the marsh(湿地)for bird-watching. The weather forecast called for the possibility of fog. As I ___21___ the destination, the fog began to ___22___ . At a turning point, I lost ___23___ of the car and ran into the wet land.
I tried to open the door, but it was locked as the water had ___24___ the electrical system. I remembered I had a fire extinguisher(灭火器). I ___25___ it and gave the window a ___26___ hit. It merely bounced off. I hit it again, with the ___27___ result.
The water level had risen, and soon I was swinging the extinguisher underwater. I had to
___28___ for air and down to take as many ___29___ as my breath would allow. I was nearly
___30___. A part of me just wanted to give up. But then another thought came to mind, " You have ___31___ more time. What will you do with it?" "I'm going to try ___32___, "I responded.
I ___33___ swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could and suddenly the impact felt different. I ___34___ my left hand and felt a hole in the ___35___. I knew I was going to live.
21. A. sought B. approached C. chose D. visited
22. A. build B. lift C. decrease D. disappear
23. A. sight B. track C. touch D. control
24. A. operated B. settled C. shorted D. developed
25. A. broke B. grabbed C. controlled D. closed
26. A. gentle B. mild C. indirect D. sharp
27. A. same B. joyful C. positive D. different
28. A. go out B. go away C. go up D. go over
29. A. fists B. swings C. cuts D. breaks
30. A. delighted B. disappointed C. determined D. desperate
31. A. a little B. much C. plenty of D. far
32. A. weaker B. harder C. better D. worse
33. A. started B. paused C. continued D. considered
34. A. waved B. shook C. extended D. took
35. A. car B. door C. extinguisher D. window 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
这是一篇记叙文。

作者在去湿地观鸟时遇到了大雾，汽车失去控制冲进了沼泽地。

作者不断努力，没有放弃，用灭火器把车窗砸出了一个洞，从而实现了自救。

【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：当我接近目的地时，雾开始形成。

A.sought 寻找；B.approached接近；C.chose选择，挑选；D.visited拜访，访问。

根据“At a turning point, I lost control of the car and ran into the wet land.”（在一个转弯处，我的车失去了控制，冲进了沼泽地。

）可知，作
者此时还没有到达目的地，所以是指接近目的地。

故选B。

【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：当我接近目的地时，雾开始形成。

A.build建立，建筑；B.lift举起；
C.decrease减少，减小，降低；
D.disappear消失，失踪，不复存在。

根据“At a turning point, I
lost control of the car and ran into the wet land.”（在一个转弯处，我的车失去了控制，冲进了
沼泽地。

）可知，作者因为有雾而看不清路冲进了沼泽地。

故选A。

【23题详解】考查名词辨析。

句意：在一个转弯处，我的车失去了控制，冲进了沼泽地。

A.sight视力，景象；B.track轨道，足迹；C.touch触碰；D.control控制。

根据“ran into the wet land”可知，
此处是指车失去了控制。

故选D。

【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：我试图开门，但门锁上了，因为水使电力系统短路了。

A.operated运
转；B.settled解决；C.shorted使短路；D.developed发展。

根据“it was locked”可知，此处是
指水使电力系统短路了，所以门无法打开。

故选C。

【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：我一把抓过它，用力往窗户上一击。

A.broke打破；B.grabbed抓住；
C.controlled控制；
D.closed关闭。

根据后文“It merely bounced off.”（它只是被弹开。

）可知，
此处是指作者抓过灭火器砸窗户。

故选B。

【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：我一把抓过它，用力往窗户上一击。

A.gentle温柔的；d柔
和的；C.indirect间接的；D.sharp强烈的。

根据“I tried to open the door, but it was locked”可知，
车门被锁住了，“我”无法出去，所以会用力砸窗户。

故选D。

【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：我又敲了一下，结果还是一样。

A.same相同的；B.joyful开心的；
C.positive积极的；
D.different不同的。

根据“The water level had risen, and soon I was swinging
the extinguisher underwater. ”（水位上升了，很快我就在水下挥舞着灭火器。

）可知，再次砸
窗户也依然没有砸开，所以是一样的结果。

故选A。

【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。

句意：我得上去透透气，再下去尽可能多地挥舞。

A.go out出去；B.go
away离开；C.go up向上；D.go over复习。

根据“The water level had risen, and soon I was
swinging the extinguisher underwater. ”可知，我得在水下挥舞灭火器，所以必须上去透气。

故选C。

【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：我得上去透透气，再下去尽可能多地挥舞。

A.fists拳头； B.swings 挥舞；C.cuts削减；D.breaks休息。

根据“The water level had risen, and soon I was swinging the exti nguisher underwater. ”可知，此处是指尽可能多地挥舞。

故选B。

【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：我几乎绝望了。

A.delighted高兴的； B.disappointed失望的；
C.determined坚定的；
D.desperate绝望的。

根据“A part of me just wanted to give up.”（我有点想放弃。

）可知，此处是指“我”几乎绝望了。

故选D。

【31题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：你还有一点时间。

A.a little一点；B.much许多的；C.plenty of许多的；D.far远的。

根据转折词but可知，前后句意相反，所以此处是指另一个声音说不要放弃，但是因为已经尝试了很久，所以是指还有一点时间。

故选A。

【32题详解】
考查形容词和副词辨析。

句意：“我会更加努力的。

”我回答道。

A.weaker更虚弱的；B.harder 更努力地；C.better更好地；D.worse更差地。

根据“I continued swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could and suddenly the imp act felt different. ”（我继续尽我所能地挥舞着灭火器，突然，我感觉受到了不同的冲击。

）可知，此处是指“我”决定更加努力。

故选B。

【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：我继续尽我所能地挥舞着灭火器，突然，我感觉受到了不同的冲击。

A.started开始；
B.paused暂停；
C.continued继续；
D.considered认为。

根据“swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could”可知，此处是指继续挥舞灭火器。

故选C。

【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：我伸出左手，感到窗户上有个洞。

A.waved摇晃； B.shook摇晃；
C.extended延伸，伸出；
D.took拿走。

根据“felt a hole”可知，此处是指伸出手摸。

故选C。

【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：我伸出左手，感到窗户上有个洞。

A.car汽车；B.door门；C.extinguisher 灭火器；D.window窗户。

根据“I grabbed it and gave the window a sharp hit. ”可知，此处是指把窗户砸出一个洞。

故选D。

第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The history of Chinese characters dates back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years. It is agreed that hanzi began ___36___ simple pictures, images that the ancient Chinese people drew, painted, and carved ___37___(describe) nature and their lives.
The ___38___ (old) symbols recognizable as Chinese characters are those found on ancient animal bones. These 3000-year-old symbols, jiaguwen, ___39___(carve) on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into ___40___ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity.
When you first look at Chinese characters, you will most ___41___(like) feel that they are very complicated. About 80% of Chinese characters are composed of smaller ___42___ (part), which are combined in many different ways to form tens of thousands of hanzi. Fortunately you need to know only about two or three thousand characters for use in ___43___(day) life.
Chinese char acters and Chinese culture are inseparably linked. China’s writing system forms ___44___ strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with ____45____(that) of the past. As China takes its place in the international community, many international students are studying Chinese and are coming to appreciate China’s impressive culture.
【答案】36. as 37. to describe
38. oldest 39. were carved
40. how 41. likely
42. parts 43. daily
44. a 45. those
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了汉字的历史以及与中国文化之间的关系。

【36题详解】
考查介词。

句意：人们一致认为，汉字最初是作为简单的图画，是古代中国人民绘制、绘画和雕刻来描述自然和他们的生活的图像。

根据句意可知，此处表达“汉字一开始作为一些简单的图画”。

固定短语begin as译为“起初作为、开始时作为”。

故填as。

【37题详解】。