人教版初中英语情态动词知识点及经典练习题

初中英语神态动词知识点及经典练习题
神态动词知识点总结：
（一）神态动词的定义
神态动词表示说话人对动作的态度，比方：需要，可能，意向，猜想或许思疑等等。

（二）神态动词的特色
1）有必定词义；
2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；
3）与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一同组成谓语（除ought to作固定词组对待）。

4 ）否认句中，在神态动词后边加not 。

（三）神态动词有：must, shall, should, had better词形无变化
can(could), may(might), will(would)词形有变化
need既能够是神态动词，也能够是实义动词，拥有两重性。

（四）神态动词的基本用法
1. can (could)
1）表示会做某事，有能力做某事。

意思 = be able to 其否认式 can ’ t 表示“不可以”。

在过去时顶用 could 和 couldn ’t. （即有种能力，特别是生来具备的能力，此时 may 和 must 均不可以取代它）。

He can speak English, but he can’t speak Japanese.
= He is able to speak English, but he isn’ t able to speak Japanese.
I could smile but I couldn’ t speak when I was 2 months old.
= I was able to smile but I wan s’ t able to speak when I was 2 months old.
差别： 1、 can 只用于此刻时和过去时(could), be able to可用于各样时态。

They will be able to tell you the news soon.
2、be able to不与can连用，但能够和其余神态动词或助动词连用。

He may be able to speak English very well some day in the future.
3、用在过去时中， could 常常表示能够做某事，事实上不必定去做，而 was∕were able to 则表示“过去做成了某事”。

在否认句中二者可通用。

2）用于征采建议
—— Can /Could /May /Might I(we) do sth —
— Yes, you can/may. / Of course you can.
—— No(Sorry), you can’ t. /mustn’ t.
注意：①此处的could 和 might 都不表示过去，不过语气上的委宛，不用作回答。

②否认回答中，表示对别人造成必定损害或影响，或表示违犯了某种规定或法律时，
用 mustn’ t 较好。

.—— Could I take the book out of the library——Sorry, you mustn’ t.
—— May I smoke here——I’ m afraid you mustn’ t.
③表示过去能力时，could发问，只好用could回答。

.—— Could you ride a bike when you were 4 years old——No, I couldn’ t.
3）表提出建议或恳求
Can/Could you (please) do sth = Would you (please) do sth（此句型中some不变 any ）
. Could you please give me a hand
Would you please pass me some salt
4）表示允或承=may
. OK. You can /may come and find me at any time tomorrow.
5）表示有必定掌握的推，用于否认句和疑句。

此can’t“不可以能”必定句用 must 。

表示没有掌握的推，用may /might。

.——The window is broken. Who did it
—— It may be Mary.
—— It can’ t be Mary. The window is in the men’ s toilet.
—— Can it be anyone else
—— Then, it must be Bob. I saw him go into the toilet just now.
He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car.他不可以能有足的
新。

【例】— I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She __be there, I have just been there.’t’t 【分析】依据下文“我去那边”可知，“不可以能”，She said she would go there.—No.’t’t
can’t表示推[答案] A
2. may (might)
may 表示“能够，可能” ，否认形式may not ，表示“不可以够”。

1）表示没有掌握的推，“可能，也” 。

能够指去，也能够指在，但气更为不必定。

. He may have a lot of work to do. = Maybe he has a lot of work to do.
You may be right. = Maybe you are right.
2）表示求“我能够⋯⋯”表示求、可，比can 正式
.You may /can go now.
—— May I use your pen
—— Yes, you may. / Yes, please. / Go ahead.
—— No, you can’ t. / mustn’t.
在回答以may 惹起的句，多防止用个，而用其余方式，如 Yes, please. / Certainly.
/ Please don’t ./ You’d better not. / No, you mustn’t.等，免得得太峻或不
客气。

3）、表示希望、乞求、祝福，常可“祝福”。

往常是用may +主 +V 比如： May you have a good time.祝你得快乐。

祝你幸福！ May you succeed ！祝你成功！ May you be
happy!
3. must
must表示“必，必定，必定”，否认形式mustn ’ t = must not表示“严禁” 。

.1）表示必，意思同have to
—— Must I do it now
—— Yes, you must.
—— No, you don’ t have to. / No, you needn’ t. ( 注意：否认回答不用
Children mustn’t play on the road because it’ s too dangerous. (mustn
mustn’ t)
’ t 只
表“严禁”)
He doesn
=He needn 区：① must
’ t have to go away from here.
’ t leave here.
表达主意向的“必”，have to表达客上或按道理“不得不”。

. I must study hard.
It’ s too late. I have to go now.
②must 没有人称和时态的变化，而have to有。

. He had to walk back home because he lost all his money.
Mom will be away for a week, so we will have to do the cooking by ourselves.
2）表示有掌握的必定句中的推断，He must be ill. He looks so pale.“必定，必定” ，只用于必定句。

他准是病了。

他的神色苍白。

注意其反意问句的组成形式：
当 must 表示必定的判断、推断时，其反意疑问句要用实质问句的助动词来组成。

如：
She must have seen the film before，hasn’t she(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn’t you (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
need 表示“需要” ，否认形式needn’t = need not“不用、不需要”
1)、作神态动词，仅用于否认句和疑问句。

. He needn’ t go home early yesterday. = He didn’ t need/have to go home early yesterday.
Need I call him right now——Yes, you must.(注意：必定回答不用need)
—— No, you needn’ t. /No, you don’ t have to.
2）、作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，假如是人作主语后边多接动词不定式：
need sth./sb.
need to do sth.否认形式don’ t need to = don’ t have to表示“不用”
. I need some help.
He needed to go home early yesterday.
Do I need to call him right now——Yes, you do. /——No, you don’ t.
假如是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这类状况下应注意两点：
①. 主动形式的动名词doing 拥有被动的含义；② . 该动名词能够改为其动词不定式的被动形
式而句子的意义不变。

比如：. The door needs painting.= The door needs to be painted.
那扇门需要油漆一下。

Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.你的车需要维修了。

3）、 need作名词
be in (great) need of sth = need sth (badly)“特别需要某物”
meet the need“知足需要（需求）”
there is/was no need (for sb) to do sth“某人没必需做某事”
5. dare的用法：
dare 意为“敢、敢于” , 用法近似于need，有两种词性：
（ 1） dare 作为神态动词，多用于否认句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有
一般此刻时和一般过去时。

如：Dare he tell them what he knows他敢告诉他们所知道的
状况吗 I daren ’t ask her–will you do it for me我可不敢问她，你能帮我问问吗
（ 2） dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数实时态的变化。

如：He doesn’t dare to break
his promise.他不敢食言。

注意：在口语中， dare 的各样形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。

如：Do you dare tell her what I said
你敢告她我的 I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他
： need 和 dare的用法
1、need 和 dare 既可用作情，也可用作。

用作情，往常不
用于必定句而主要用于否认句和疑句。

用作，可用于各样句式。

2、其余用法： I dare say⋯固定，不是“我敢”而是“我想”。

I dare day he ’ll come again.我想他会再来的。

Needn’ t have done:表示本没必需做而做了
6. shall 的用法：
1）表征意，用于第一、第三人称疑句。

Shall I get some tea我你点茶好
Shall the boy wait outside那男孩在外面等
2）表人的意向，有“命令、允、警示、信心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称述句。

You shall do as I say.按我的做。

（命令）
You shall have my answer tomorrow.你明日能够获得我的回复。

（允）
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他会懊悔的，我告你。

（警告）
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.什么也不可以阻挡我行
划。

（信心）
：在英中，我能够用其余多种方式提出我的建或征采方意。

(1).用“ Let's do...”来提出建。

如：Let's go for a walk after supper.
(2).用“ What/How about...”来提出建；about后接名或ing形式。

如： What about/How about a drink What about/How about taking Tom with us
(3). 用“ Why not...”来提出建，表示“何不⋯⋯” not 面后接原形。

“Why not... ”
上是“ Why don't you/we...”的略形式。

如：Why not meet at the school gate at
eight Why don't we stay here another day
(4).用“ Would you like...”来提出建，意思是“你想要⋯⋯”Would you like后可接名或不定式。

如： Would you like a cup of tea Would you like to go and see her 所以，假如我：“去游泳好”英中可有几种表达法：Shall we go for a swim Let's go for a swim， shall we What about/How about going swimming Why not go for
a swim Would you like to go for a swim What do you think of going for a swim
6、 will的用法
1）、表意向，用于各样人称述句。

“愿意”
I will do anything for you.我愿你做任何事。

2）、表求，用于疑句。

Will you close the window It’s a bit cold.你把窗关上好有点冷。

Won’t you drink some more coffee再来一点咖啡好
注意：
1、 will在 there be句型中的形式及其句式。

因为“一般未来”的构能够用“will+原形”来表示，所以there be 句型的一般将
来的形式就是 there will be。

（必定不可以 there will have）比如： There are many students in our school.→There will be many students in our school. There will be
a sports meeting next week.必定不可以： There will have a sports meeting next week.
2、 will 与 be going to do something区：
①. be going to表示近期、目前就要生的事情，will表示的未来一些，如：
He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
②. be going to表示依据主判断未来必定生的事情，will 表示客大未来必生的
事情。

He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
③. be going to 含有“ 划，准”的意思，而will没有个意思，如： She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
④. 在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用 will, 如： If any beasts comes
at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
7. should的用法
1）、表。

意“ ” （某件事宜于做），用于各样人称。

否认形式 should n’ t = should not 表示“不”
You should be polite to your teachers.你老有礼貌。

2）、表推，意“想必必定、照、估”等。

The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.
部新影是一流演主演的，估拍得很好。

They should be home by now.照他在当已到家了。

的用法
1）表意向
I said I would do anything for you.我我愿意你做任何事。

2）表委宛地提出求、建或见解。

常句型：①表求Would you please do⋯——OK⋯. / Sorry,⋯.
②Would you like sth——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
Would you like to do sth—— I’ d love to.
—— I ’ d love to, but⋯ .
(注意：以上句型中，some不any)
9. ought to
1）表，意“ ”（因任、等做），口气比should
稍重。

You oughtn ’t to smoke so much.你不抽么多烟。

2）表推，暗含很大的可能，气弱。

There’s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow.今日有彩霞，明日是个晴天。

10、 used to
表示去的作或状，在不复生或存在。

疑式和否认式有两种。

I usedn ’t (didn’t use) to smoke.我去不吸烟。

Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot你去常步行去学校
11、 had better do表示“最好是做⋯⋯”，否认形式had better not do
. You’ d better not drink so much coffee.
区： I t ’ s better for you to do more exercise and not to have so much junk foo
：一、不一样情的否认意也不一样：
1. （ 1）.can ’t可“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball.我不会打球。

（2）当句子表推，用 can’t表达不可以能，如：He can’t be ill. He is playing chess
with Tom. 他不可以能病了，他正和Tom下棋呢。

（ 3）can’t可用往返答“ May I⋯” 的句。

如：May I come in我能够来No, you mustn ’t. / can’t.不，你不可以。

（ 4）can’t可用于固定中。

can’t help doing忍不住，不由自主
can’t wait to do something急不可以待地要做⋯
如： She can’t help crying.她不由大哭起来。

The children can’t wait to open the box.孩子急不可以待地想翻开盒子。

2.may 的否认式 may not ，成“可能不” ，如： He may not be at home. 他也不在家。

3.（ 1）mustn’t表示不，不可以。

如： He mustn’t leave his room. 他不走开他的房。

You mustn’t talk in class.你不可以够在上。

(2) mustn ’t也可用于以may 表示要求的否认回答中。

如：—May I stand here我可以站在里— No, you mustn ’t (can ’t). 不，不可以。

4. （ 1）needn’t意“不用”。

如：You needn’t meet him unless you’d like to.你
不需要他，除非你愿意。

（ 2）needn’t + have+ 的去分，表没必需做而做了的作，暗含或精力上
的浪。

如：You needn’t have bought it.你没必需它（但你却了）。

5. shouldn ’t表示不。

如： You shouldn ’t feel so unhappy over such little things.于种小事，你不感觉么不高。

二、含有情的疑句的回答:
1.may引出的句，能够有以下回答方式： Yes,you may. Yes, of course. Yes, certainly. Sure .
No, you mustn’t. No, you can’t.
2.must 引出的疑句，回答方式：Yes, ⋯must. No, ⋯ needn ’t/ don ’t have to.
在疑句中，表示委宛的气，此could 没有去式的意思。

如 :Could you do me a favour你能帮我个忙—Could I use your pen我能用一下你的笔— Yes, you can.能够。

（注意回答）
4.shall 引出的疑句用于第一人称，表示征采方意或客气的求。

其回答方式有以下几种：
Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.
you⋯的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right/OK/ With pleasure.Certainly.(No, thank you .)Yes, please.【例】— Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily—________.
’s right pleasure doesn’t matter trouble
【分析】 A. 意“ 了”， B. 意“ 意效” , C. 意“没关系” D. 意“不事”。

答案： B
三、 : 情表示推的用法:
1、“情+原形”表示在的推。

1）、 can 表示推一般用于否认句或疑句。

如：
That man can＇ t be her husbandshe
is still single.
2）、 must 表示必定的推，一般用于必定句中。

如：He must be in his office Li must be working now，for the lights in his office are still on.
3）、 might 表示推不必定是may的去，不过表示其可能性小。

如：The man may be the headmaster.
— Where is Mr Li—He might be working in his office.—May Mr Li come—He might not come here.
4）、Could 表示推，气 can 比要弱，者留有余地。

如：— Could it be an animal — It could not be，because it is not moving.
5）、 Should 表示推的可能性比大，比must 的可能性小一点。

如：It is already 10
o’clock now they should be there.
2、情表示去可能生的作或存在的作的推性用法。

1）、“ must +have done/been ------”表示“ 去必定生某事或存在某种状”，不
用于“ musn’t+have -----”形式。

如：She must have seen the film before ，hasn’t she( 注
意反意疑句的后半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn’t you (注意反意疑句的后半部分)
2 ）、“ should +have done /been-------”表示“本当成某事，而上并无做”；
“shouldn ’t+ 达成式”表示“原来不当成，而上却做了”。

以上构常有者的的感情
色彩。

如： You should have finished your homework earlier (but in fact you did not
finish it on time).
You shouldn ’t have gone to bed when you woke up at five (but in fact you went
to bed again then).
3）、“ needn’t+ 达成式”表示“原来没有必需做某事，而上却做了”。

如：There was plenty of time. She needn＇t have hurried .
4）、“ can’t /couldn’t+have done /been-------”表示“ 去不可以能生了某事或存在
某种状”。

如：
I saw him just now. He can’t have gone to Japan.
She said the man couldn’t have stolen her car.
5）、“ could+have done/been -------”表示“ 去原来能，能够做某事或成某种状，
而上没有”，者有些憾。

“could sb. have done /been-------”是它的句形式。

如：You could have stayed with the Smiths while you were in NewYork (but in fact you stayed in a nearby hotel.) Could Mr Li have helped this girl student
6）、“ may/might+ 达成式”表示“ 去可能，原来能够于某事而上没有干”，might的可能性小，气弱。

如：He may have finished reading the book. She might have given you some help，however bus she was.
拓展：
情后跟行式，表示“想必正在⋯⋯”，“可能正在⋯⋯”，“ 当正在”等意。

It ’s twelve o’clock. They must having lunch.在是十二点。

他必定正在
吃。

They may be discussing problem.
He can’t be telling the truth.
She shouldn ’t be working like that. She 他可能正在个。

他的不可
以能是真。

’s still so weak.
她不当那干，
她身体仍那么虚。

神态动词易混点概括
易混点一 : can和be able to:
二者表示能力用法同样，但can 只有原形“can”和去式“could ”两种形式，在其余中要用be able to 来表示。

此外 be able to 常常指努力，花了和力以后才能做到某事。

易混点二1. can和:can 和 may
may均可用来征采意或可，意“能够”，一般可互使用。

如：Can/ May I
help you我能帮助你
2. can和may表示可能性的区：
1)在必定句顶用 might ， may， must ，不用 can
2)在疑句中表示推用 can ，不用 might ， may， must
3)在否认句顶用 can’t （不可以能），不用 may， must。

如： She may be in the classroom .
她可能在教室里。

Where can they be now他在可能在哪儿That can ’t be true.
可能是真的。

易混点三 : may be和maybe
那不
用法区常用地点
may be may情，be 原形句中，作
maybe副，大体、也，相当于perhaps句首，作状
比如： He may be wrong , but I’m not sure.也他了，但我也不确立。

易混点四： can’t和 mustn’t
1.can ’t依据其基本用法可：
（1）不会。

如： I can ’t speak English . 我不会英。

（ 2）不可以。

如： We can’t do it now because it’s too dark.天太黑了，我在干不
了。

（ 3）否认句中表示推。

“不可以能”，如：The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher..那个人不可以能是咱老，他年得多。

2.mustn’t意“严禁、不”，用来表达命令，表示烈的气。

如： You mustn’t play
football in the street. It ’s too dangerous. 你不可以够在街上踢足球，太危了。

易混点五：
must 和 have to
重于个人意志和主上的必需。

未来。

have to重于客上的必需，可用于在、去和
2. have to 能够用于多种；而must只用于一般在或未来。

to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.如：The composition is due 作文今日清晨到期，所以
我不得不昨天夜晚达成。

易混点六 : used to do / be used to doing / be used to do⋯/ used to do表示去常常生的作，去，只用于去，注意用be used for doing sth
to do ，不用 doing
形式；
be used to doing意“ 做⋯”，be 可有各样；
be used to do意“⋯⋯被使用去做⋯⋯, ” 被形式。

be used for doing sth“用作⋯⋯”如：My father used to eating meat.我父去起
床晚，但在不得不早起了。

She is used to eating meat.她吃肉。

He wasn’t used
to eating in a restaurant.他不在店吃。

A knife can be used for cutting things.( 刀能够用来割西)/ A knife can be used to cut things.(刀能够用来割西)
经典练习题：
1. I __________ you, because I I must be wrong.
A. dare not ask
B. dare not
C. dare not asking
D. dare to not ask
2. There __________ some flowers in the garden.
A. were used to be
B. used to be
es to be
D. used to be having
3. "__________ I take it out""I'm sorry, you __________."
A.Could ...couldn't
B. Might...might not
C.Could...can
D. May...can't
4. You were stupid to climb tree. You __________ hurt yourself.
A. may didn't you
A. should post
B. should have posted
C. must have posted
D. ought to post.
6. All the lights are on, miths __________ up.
A. must get
B. is getting
C. must be getting
D. would get
7. He __________ lead a but he __________ not make it drink.
A. will...can
B. may...can
C. may...dares
D. dare...can
8. "Need we do this job now""Yes, __________."
A. you need
B. you should
C. you must
D. you can
9. __________ to have lunch with us today
A. Do you likes
B.Would you like
C. Will you liked
D. Have you liked
10.He said that you __________ watch TV all the evening if you wished.
A. may
B. must
C. can
D. might
11.-Is John coming by train--He should, but he __________ not. He likes
driving his car.
A. must
B. can
C. need
D. may
12.Peter __________ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. will
13.Michael __________ be a policeman, for he's much too short.
A. needn't
B. can't
C. shouldn't
D. won't
14.I thought you __________ be hungry, so I have brought you some cakes.
A. may
B. might
C. can
D. could
15.I wonder how he __________ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say
B. dare saying
C. not dare say
D. dared say
e on! We __________ hurry because there isn't much time left.
A. may
B. must
C. can
D. need
17.Amy did best in the English test. She __________ hard last week.
A. must have working
B. should have worked
C. should work
D. must work
18.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone__________ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
19.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York.---Oh,did you You__________ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed
B.could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
20. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack__________ be here at any moment.
A. must
B. need
C. should
D. can
答案：。