押题精选01 阅读理解应用文-2020年高考英语108所名校押题精选(原卷版)

押题精选01阅读理解应用文
Passage1
Reuel Tolkien (1892－1973), the British linguist, writer. He created a fantasy novel “The Lord of the Rings” the well-known trilogy (三部曲).
Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa. When he was 4 years old, his father died and his family moved back to England. Tolkien graduated from Oxford University when he was 23 years old, and participated in the First World War. During the war, Tolkien suffered from “trench fever” and stayed in the hospital until the end of World War Ⅰ. It was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.
After the war, Tolkien became a linguist. He was an editor of the “New English Dictionary” of 1918－1920. However, he was more researching into Anglo-Saxon language which makes his extensive contacts in Britain and the Nordic spread all over the folklore and mythology.
In 1937, Tolkien completed his first work “The Hobbit”. Although this was a fairy tale, it was also suitable for adults to read. Because of good sales, the publisher Allen & Unwin convinced Tolkien to write its sequel. This encouraged Tolkien to complete his most famous works the epic (史诗) trilogy “The Lord of the Rings”. The works of writing went on for almost a year with the support from his good friend Lewis.
At the beginn ing “The Lord of the Rings” was similar works for children, but after that writing style quickly became serious an d dark. “The Lord of the Rings” was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century in terms of sales and readers' evaluation. Tolk ien's influence is important, for the success of “The Lord of the Rings” makes the fantasy novels of this literature genre (体裁) develop rapidly.
1. When did Tolkien take part in World War Ⅰ？
A. 1896.
B. 1915.
C. 1916.
D. 1937.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Tolkien's father died of “trench fever”.
B. Tolkien wrote the “New English Dictionary” himself.
C. “The Lord of the Rings” was finished about half a year.
D. Tolkien began his writing career in the hospital.
3. What is Tolkien's “The Lord of the Rings” considered to be?
A. The first works of Tolkien.
B. Always serious and dark.
C. Beneficial to the development of the fantasy novels.
D. The most popular literary works in the 20th century.
Passage2
To ensure an excellent experience during your tour of the Mark Twain House, here are some guidelines and general information:
The House is Shown Only by Guided Tour.
To ensure an optimum (最佳) experience, house tours are limited to 14 people, first-come, first-served. If your group has more than 10 people, call (860) 280-3130 to reserve a discounted group tour in advance of your visit. If you have a party of fewer than 10 people feel free to purchase tickets online: We will hold them at Will Call. The tour schedule is usually online about a month in advance.
Our site is made up of three buildings
The Webster Bank Museum Center at the Mark Twain House & Museum is always your first and last stop as it houses our ticket counter,museum store, film, exhibits and cafe. All tours gather in the museum center before heading over to Mark Twain’s historic 1874 home. Mark Twain’s historic carriage house is the third building on our property, but is generally not open to the public. The hayloft (干草棚) has been repurposed into offices and the main floor of the barn is a space available for rent for parties and meetings.
Coupons & Discounts
The Mark Twain House offers only a few coupons and discounts. The price you pay for admission helps us maintain the beauty of this icon of American architecture. If you are lucky enough to find one of those special offers online or at your local library, keep in mind they are good only for the general Mark Twain House Tours. No passes or discounts may be applied to our specialty tours.
1. What kind of tour booked beforehand enjoys a discount?
A. Specialty tour.
B. Guided tour
C. Group tour with 9 people.
D. Group tour with 13 people.
2. Which place is not available to tourists?
A. The Webster Bank Museum Center.
B. Mark Twain’s historic carriage house.
C. The hayloft.
D. Mark Twain’s historic 1874 home.
3. What is the purpose of charging admission fees?
A. To earn more money.
B. To well preserve the house.
C. To support Mark Twain’s family.
D. To offer parties and meetings.
Passage 3
Dance Classes
Ballet
Ballet teaches grace, posture(姿势) and flexibility. Students focus on the use of proper ballet itemsc物
品),expanding their knowledge of classical ballet techniques and improving motor skills for classicai ballet practice.The class is a formal ballet class.
Age 8-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday
Creative Movers
Students can explore creative movement, balance, focus, the development of skills, motor planning and balance. The class helps build strength, flexibility and self-confidence, and allows children to realize expression in a positive and encouraging environment. Children use their imagination to celebrate movement and have lots of fun.
Age 3-5
September 7, 2019-January 18, 2020
9 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on Saturday
Jazz
Jazz includes movements from both classical ballet and dance techniques. This class will focus on traditional iazz dance. Students will be introduced to jazz-style thythms and movements. In order to ensure proper placement for your child, we invite all students to participate in a sample(示例) class. Students and parents work with program staff to meet students' personal dance goals.
Age 5-6 September 7,2019-May 16, 2020 2 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on Saturday Hip Hop Students will be introduced to several different aspects of hip hop dance including popping, locking,breaking
and tutting in a high-energy environment. Our hip hop instructors are highly knowledgeable and will brovide students with a wonderful view of hip hop dance.
Age 7-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
1 : 00 pm-
2 : 00 pm on Sunday
1. Which class is suitable for 4-year-old children?
A. Ballet.
B. Creative Movers.
C. Hip Hop.
D. Jazz.
2. What can students do in the jazz class?
A. Make use of all the ballet items.
B. Learn the long history of jazz.
C. Dance with famous modern jazz dancers.
D. Get to know jazz-style movements.
3. What is special about the hip hop class'?
A. It is open in the afternoon.
B. It is available on Sunday.
C. It teaches traditional dances.
D. It has the most skilled teachers.
Passage4
The Harvard Pre-College Program is a nice experience for high school students. Alongside peers(同辈)from around the world, you’ll be introduced to college life as you attend classes, live on campus, and enjoy fun outings and activities.
◆Learning without limits
Biology, physics, law, writing and philosophy — these are just a few of the 30-plus courses you can choose from in each session. In our noncredit classes, we set aside grades so that you can fully commit to your growth as a
well-rounded student. Class sizes typically range from 14 to 18 students to encourage interactive learning.
◆Living at Harvard
When you attend the Pre-College Program, you’ll live in a historic undergraduate house, near Harvard Square.
You will be with your fellow Pre-College students, resident directors, and proct ors who provide support. You’ll also enjoy meals in one of Harvard’s dining halls, which are a short walk from Harvard Yard and provide many options for
a variety of dietary needs.
◆Thriving outside the classroom
The summer Pre-College Program offers many mentally challenging co-curricular(补充课程的)activities beyond the classroom. With faculty and Harvard-affiliated experts, you will have the opportunity to participate in workshops on topics like the psychology of color-blindness, classic literature from around the world and science of happiness. From our C ambridge scavenger hunt to a trip to the Sand Sculpting Festival at America’s first public beach, there’s no shortage of fun activities in the Pre-College Program.
1. What do we know about the 30-plus courses?
A. You can only choose five of them.
B. They provide credits for students.
C. You should set aside other subjects.
D. They assist your full development.
2. Where can you enjoy meals during the program?
A. Near Harvard Square.
B. Close to Harvard Yard.
C. In one of the workshops.
D. In an undergraduate house.
3. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To advertise meals.
B. To comment on an activity.
C. To introduce a program.
D. To recommend courses.
Passage5
The Largest World Fairs of All Time
New York World Fair — New York. 1939
The 1939 New York World Fair was the largest exposition (博览会) in US history with visitors over 14 million. The Fair was planned during the Great Depression and was aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment. Major inventions to emerge (出现) at the New York World Fair included nylon fabric, a streamlined pencil sharpener, and a futuristic car city imagined by General Moiors.
Exposition liniverselle — Paris, 1900
The Exposition Universelle was one of the earliest expositions to feature multiple countries with France inviting
various countries to display their technological advancements and cultural heritage. Exposition Universelle was the birthplace of many inventions that we enjoy today including escalators (自动扶梯) and talking films. Expo’ 70 — Osaka.Japan Expo’ 70 was the biggest exposition of the 20th century and the second largest in history. Expo 70 had a record attendance of over 64 million visitors, a 40-year record that would not be broken until Expo 2010 in Shanghai. Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.
Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China
Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history, having attracted 73 million people. It also had the highest international participation of any exposition in the world with 246 countries participating. The opening ceremony featured the biggest LED screen in the world as well as one of the biggest fireworks displays in history.
1. Which Expo is the biggest one in history?
A. Expo 70 — Osaka. Japan.
B. Exposition Universelle — Paris
C. Expo 2010 — Shanghai, China.
D. New York World Fair — New York
2. What is the purpose of New York World Fair?
A. To attract more inventions
B. To improve the n ation’s economy.
C. To display the technological development.
D. To share achievements with other countries
3. What did Expo 70 in Japan feature?
A. A piece of rock from space
B. A rocket in the Apollo 12 mission.
C. The cultural heritage from countries
D. The biggest LED screen in the world
Passage6
In addition to being open to opposite opinions, here are some techniques that could help broaden the way you think.
Respect Difference
The mere presence of individuals from different backgrounds with different points of view in your everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change.
Change Environments
A change in your everyday life may provide the force needed to change the direction of your thinking. For some people, small changes might help reorganize your desk or take a new route to work, whereas for others, more adjustments are required.
Shirt into Positivity
Unlike negative emotions that bring about specific reactions, positive emotions prompt us to broaden our attention, explore our environment, and open ourselves to absorbing information. Take a few moments to think about the things in your life that are going well and for which you are grateful; this will automatically brighten your mood-and free your brain.
Look as if Y ou’ve Never Seen
A Zen Buddhist concept for approaching even routine situations as if you were encountering them for the first time, “beginner’s mind” allows you to remain open to new experiences despite any expertise you may have. For instance, when you brush your teeth, take a moment to look at the tooth brush as if you’ve never laid eyes on such an object and notice its color and shape. Think about the flavor of the toothpaste and notice how your mouth feels as you move the brush back and forth.
1. What may be the benefit of small changes in life?
A. Redu cing one’s workload.
B. Focusing one’s attention.
C. Leading to adjustments.
D. Better responding to changes.
2. How can you find something new in routine situation?
A. By shifting into positivity.
B. By respecting difference.
C. By changing environments.
D. By looking as if you’ve never seen.3. What’s the purpose of the article?A. To introduce skills of broadening one’s thinking.B. To compare the attitudes to thinking. C. To give advice on thinking positively. D. To explain the reasons for being open.
Passage7
What’s better than a video game that your kids can play over and over again? A membership to one of the many exciting places in Seattle that your kids visit over and over again (for a year at least). Click to join us and read on for our top picks.
Woodland Park Zoo
The Park Zoo was the most highly sought after membership by families in the Seattle area, and for good reason: there’s something for everyone! In addition to the hundreds of animals found throughout the 92 acres, there are plenty of outdoor spaces to run around (including playgrounds).
Tel: 206-5428-2500
Online:
Annual Membership: $69/Flexible Guest Adult; $49/Named Adult; $19/Child; Under 2 Free
Point Defiance Zoo
Point Defiance Zoo is the only combined zoo and aquarium in the Pacific Northwest spread out over 29 acres. Your kids will enjoy getting up close and personal to the live sharks, riding a camel and exploring the interactive Kids’ Zone.
Tel: 253-591-5337
Online:
Annual Membership: $124/Household; $105/Two adults; $24/Child
Seattle Aquarium
The Aquarium is particularly great for any budding environmentalists in your family who want to learn more about conservation efforts that affect the waters in the Pacific Northwest.
Tel: 206-386-4300
Online:
Annual Membership: $189/Family Plus (2 adults, 5 children, 1 guest); $149/Family (2 adults, 5 children) Museum of Flight
The Museum is the perfect indoor place to free your kids to dream big about the wide world. With all sorts of planes that you can see, touch and climb inside, this museum fulfills your flight dream.
Tel: 206-764-5700
Online:
Annual Membership: $100/Family; $75/Two Adults
1. What do these places have in common?
A. They are all in Seattle.
B. Kids can see animals there.
C. They all have outdoor activities.
D. Members can get free admission.
2. Which place is favored by aircraft lovers?
A. Woodland Park Zoo.
B. Point Defiance Zoo.
C. Seattle Aquarium.
D. Museum of Flight.
3. How much does it cost for a family to visit Point Defiance Zoo?
A. $117.
B. $124.
C. $129.
D. $148.
Passage9
Different countries have different tipping customs. When you travel, you need to know how to tip in the country that you’re in; otherwise you’ll leave servers angry everywhere you go.Here are just a few guidelines to tipping around the world.
Brazil
There will always be a standard 10% service charge added to your bill, and you won’t necessarily have to tip. If you do feel like being generous, an extra 5-10% will really make your server very happy. Just remember to do this as skillfully as possible—Brazilian s don’t make a big show of this.
Dubai
In Dubai it’s a rule for restaurants to charge 10% tip on all restaurant and bar bills. You can add a couple of dirhams（迪拉姆,货币单位）to this if you feel like it. Waiters are not paid very much in Dubai, so it is always very appreciated.
Germany
German bars and restaurants will include the tip as part of what you owe, but that’s not all you have to pay. It is a custom to round the bill up after that, usually to the euro. This can be anywhere from 5-10%. When it’s time to se ttle up, you won’t get a bill: your waiter tells you the total and then you tell them how much you want to pay, including your “tip”, and hand over the money.
Czech Republic
While locals in the Czech Republic don’t leave tips, that doesn’t mean you’re off the hook.Foreign tourists are definitely expected to leave some kind of tip for service—as long as you’re in a high tourist traffic area, like
Prague for instance. The standard tip is 10%.
India
If you like the service, go ahead and tip your server 5-10%. You have to adjust that amount though, based on how big the meal you’re eating is. If the bill is for a small meal, and totals less than 300 rupees, tip the full 10%. If the bill is higher, tip towards the 5%.
21. In which country do customers have to tip at least 10% for the service?
A. Dubai
B. India
C. Germany
D. Czech Republic
22. Which country has different tip cultures between citizens and foreigners?
A. Dubai
B. Germany
C. India
D. Czech Republic
23. If your bill is 2000 rupees in India, it is proper for you to tip________ rupees.
A. 10
B. 80
C.120
D. 200
Passage 11
Active Challenge
Weight loss camp for girls aged 13-18 in Canada
Active Challenge is a weight loss program specially for young women. The burden of being overweight is heavier than just the extra pounds. We use outdoor adventures to challenge the girls, to give them something to draw strength from.
Because y ou’ll be losing weight alongside young women just like you, you’ll find no one laughing at you and you’ll help each other.At Active Challenge you’ll make lifelong friends with young women of your own age and learn to love new adventurous activities.
Unlik e any other weight loss program, Active Challenge is designed so you’ll lose weight and have the strategies (策略) and skills to keep the weight off forever. Active Challenge does not put you on a diet. We follow the Canada Food Guide to healthy eating and exercise appropriate portion (一份) control. We help you develop healthy habits.
The staff at Active Challenge combine experienced outdoor adventure professionals with highly qualified
clinicians. All of us are absolutely devoted to helping you achieve lasting behavioral change and weight loss. Most of all, we are devoted to having a great time doing it.
Pre-Camp: Upon registration (注册) in Active Challenge, a registration package will be sent out to you with forms to be completed before camping as well as program preparation materials,an introduction to Active Challenge and pre-program personal challenging assignments (任务) to get you on your way toward a healthier self.
Post-Camp: Our post program is designed to keep you focused and remind you of the goals that you set during the camp. After the camp ends we will send you home with your personal meal and exercise plan and keep in touch with you for a full three months through letters, emails and phone calls, tracking your progress and giving you strategies and support.
1. Outdoor adventurous activities are held for girls _____.
A. to follow a good diet
B. to lose weight quickly
C. to build up their health
D. to make them stronger
2. How will girls feel about the atmosphere at Active Challenge?
A. Lonely but safe.
B. Cold but exciting.
C. Friendly and supportive.
D. Competitive and challenging.
3. After registration, girls_____.
A. should go to buy the program preparation materials
B. will be informed how to get prepared for the program
C. should learn some skills and strategies to lose weight
D. will have to finish some challenging assignments at home
4. The post-camp help will last_____.
A. until the end of November
B. until the beginning of the next year
C. until girls achieve success in their lives
D. until girls can keep their weight off forever
5. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain why Active Challenge is popular.
B. To share skills and strategies of losing weight.
C. To show how important losing weight is.
D. To invite girls to join in Active Challenge.
Passage12
The BBC Documentary is divided into three categories: BBC Nature, BBC History and BBC Technology. For documentary lovers, it’s a great pleasure in life to enjoy the BBC Documentary with a wide range of subjects and excellent productions, whose super wonderful pictures are also a masterpiece of photography.
Nile 2004
The Nile, the longest river on the earth, spreads through jungles, and finally into the desert. Ancient Egyptians believed that the river had magic power. This documentary will uncover its mystery—a magnificent territory, which is full of rare animals and extends to the most desolate corners of Africa.
Hiroshima 2005
It was an important moment in the 20th century when an atomic bomb was launched into Hiroshima, Japan and it was also a scientific, technological, military and political adventure. This documentary, where we can see the Hiroshima street at the moment of disaster, tries to show us the real history and what life is like for the Japanese people who have experienced the atomic bombing.
Time Machine 2006
Some creatures have to make long-term evolutionary plans in order to survive, but can any creatures live forever? People shorten the growth period of rice regardless of the weather condition, and the modern transportation enables us to reach further areas at a faster speed. But can humans really turn around time? The time machine will introduce scientists' current research on a bug and find out the key to long life.
Super V olcano 2005
Yellowstone National Park, in fact, where the underground magma is ready to move, is one of the largest craters in the United States. With scientific evidence, reliable prediction and solid research by top geologists, the super volcano eruption is presented to the audience in a dramatic way.
1. If you are interested in history, which documentary will suit you well?
A. Nile
B. Hiroshima
C. Time Machine
D. Super V olcano
2. What can we learn from Time Machine?
A. People can turn around time by a time machine.
B. People have found a bug which can live a long life.
C. People now can travel faster and further in the world.
D. Rice now needs less time to grow according to the climate.
3. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Hiroshima suffered from a disaster caused by atomic bombing.
B. The Nile spreads into the desert with magic power.
C. Yellowstone National Park is about to erupt.
D. The BBC Documentary is popular only because of its wide range of subjects.
Passage 13
Cinema Arts: Ice Hours .
Osher Gallery 1，Microcinema
1. What may be the main purpose of showing the video?
A. To present the attractive scenery of the Antarctic.
B. To prove the Antarctic is a source of inspiration for artists.
C. To show the power of good teamwork of different people.
D. To remind humans to be in harmony with the environment.
2. Who is likely to be expert in visual art according to the advertisement?
A. Camille Seaman.
B. Kim Miskowicz.
C. Nathan Clevenger.
D. Kristina Dutton.
3. How much will a healthy couple in their thirties with a kid aged 9 pay for a visit in the
morning?
A. $69. 85.
B. $74.85.
C. $79.85.
D. $89.85.
Passage 14
How To Make Tasty Yam Pottage（山药汤）？
Below are the methods and ingredients to be used for yam pottage.
·Ingredient
1 medium-size Yam
1 ½ spoon, palm oil
2 ½ cups, water
1 bulb, Onion
Blended mix of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, ¼ onion
Groundfish
Smoked mackerel
Seasoning and salt to taste
Vegetable (Ugwu or scent leaf) (Optional)
·Method
1.Peel and cut the Yam into chunks size and rinse. Set aside.
2.In a heated pot, add your palm oil, heat for 1minute then add your chopped onions. Fry until slightly brown.
3.Add your blended mixture of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, and onions.
4.While cooking, add your seasoning cube, crayfish, and salt. Stir together. Allow to cook for 10 to 15 minutes.
5.Add water.
6.Pour in the chunks yams, add your smoked mackerel and stir together. Cover to cook still the
7.yam is soft to your satisfaction.
stly, add your vegetable. Allow to simmer for 5 minutes
Your meal is ready!
·How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake
This recipe is so yummy and easy to make, you can’t go wrong with this recipe. I mean, even if you add too much sugar to the mixture, the lemon will douse it. It is also a very forgiving recipe because no matter how you measu re your ingredients, it will always come out just right. It’s the perfect Christmas de ssert recipe. This recipe makes two lemon yoghurt cakes.
·Ingredients
2 cups of all-purpose flour
1 tbsp of Vanilla extract
1/2 Cup of Sugar
1 cup of Cooking Oil the Zest of 1 medium to large-sized Lemon
3 to
4 Eggs
A Pinch of Salt
A cup of unsweetened yoghurt
1 tbsp of baking powder
·Method
1.Spray your baking pans (I’m using two pans, size: 9 by 5’s) and set aside
2.In a large bowl, scrape the lemon zest from the lemon and add the sugar. Then gently use your fingers to massage the zest with the Sugar.
3.Add the Oil, yoghurt Egg, and Vanilla to the Sugar and Zest then mix till all ingredients are well combined.
4.In a separate smaller bowl combine flour, baking powder, and a pinch of salt.
5.Mix the dry ingredients with the wet ingredients and pour the mixture into the prepared pans.
6.Bake at 350F（华氏350度）in the oven for about an hour
7.After an hour, stick a skewer into the cake to make sure it is ready, then bring it out of the oven and let it sit on a rack to cool down for about 15 minutes.
8.Slice and eat with either ice cream or alone if you like.
It’s a perfect dessert for the holiday. Enjoy!
1. Which of the following options is not needed for making Yam Pottage?
A. Salt
B. Bulbs
C. Tomatoes
D. Groundfish
2. How does the cake taste in the article?
A. Moderate sweet and sour
B. Lemon sour
C. Sour and sweet taste of yogurt
D. Everyone must like
3. After putting the cake in the oven, how long does it take to enjoy?
A. Three quarters of an hour
B. 80 minutes
C. Enjoy now
D. 15 minutes
Passage 15
Celebrate Take Your Child to the Library Day with free events
Libraries across Long Island will offer a variety of face painting, crafts, games and shows this Saturday in celebration of Take Your Child to the Library Day.
Here is how libraries around Long Island will celebrate:
Harborfields Public library
Young children can spend the morning singing and dancing with Ms. Diane Young. Children of all ages can participate in a get — to — know — your — library hunt from 12 p.m. to 2 p.m. and 2 p.m. to 4:30 p.m., with a prize awarded to everyone who finishes the hunt.
When: 11 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
Where: 31 Broadway, Greenlawn
More info: Free and open to all, tickets are required for the magic and comedy show; 631-757-4200,
Patchogue-Medford library
Spend the day with the very hungry caterpillar taking photos, playing games and making caterpillar crafts. A library representative will be on hand to talk about library prog rams and services. “it’s a chance for families to come and connect with the library and to learn all about the services that we offer and good for families to spend time together,” said Patchogue-Medford Library children’s librarian Elizabeth Ramos.
When: 1 p.m.-3 p.m.
Where: 54-60 East Main Street, Patchogue
More info: Free and open to all; 631-654-4700, 。