Unit4HistoryandTraditionsWordsandExpressions词汇讲解课件
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e.g. You will always have the bad as well as the good in the world. 2.as well as遵循就远一致原则，谓V单复数与第一个主语一致
e.g. Erin, as well as her sisters, _w__a_s_g__iv_e_n_ (give) a warm
keep your eyes open (for) 留心，留意…
小心，留意： ___w_a_t_c_h_o_u_t______b_e_c_a_r_e_f_u_l_______________
keep an eye on 照看；留心 = __t_a_k_e_c_a_r_e_o_f______lo_o_k__a_f_te_r______c_a_r_e_f_o_r__
It is evident that… 显然(很明显)…
= _____I_t_i_s_o_b_v_i_o_u_s__th__a_t_…___
e.g. It is evident that he is willing to keep you company to Beijing.
achievement n. 成就;成绩;达到 make an achievement 取得成就 achieve vt. 完成，达到 vi. 成功 achieve one’s dream/goal/target
battle n. 战役;搏斗 v. 搏斗;奋斗
① win / gain a battle 打胜战 ② _lo_s_e_ a battle 吃败战 ③ fight a battle 进行战斗
① battle for 为...而战斗 ② battle with/against 与...战斗
port n. 港口(城市)
nearby adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近
e.g. We have three sons but none of them lives/ live nearby. adv e.g. The river burst its banks(决堤) and flooded nearby towns. adj
legal adj. 法律的，合法的 _le_g_a_l_ly_ adv. _i_ll_eg_a_l_ adj. 非法的，违法的 _il_le_g_a_ll_y adv.
surround v. 围绕;包围
be surrounded with/by… 被…围绕/包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的 surroundings n. 环境;周围的事物
location n. 地方;地点;位置
locate v. 使位于;确定准确地点 be located in/at/to…: 位于;坐落在
conquer vt. 占领，征服，控制
e.g. The only way to conquer a fear is to face it. e.g. There is always one thing to conquer another.
“break” 家族： ① break off 折断，中止，中断 ② break through 突破 ③ break up 结束，关系破裂，解散 ④ break down 损坏，故障；身体垮掉；分解 ⑤ break into 破门而入 ⑥ break out 爆发；突然发生
belong v. 应在 (某处);适应 belong to... 属于;是…的成员
——马库斯 ∙ 加维
Words and Expressions
Confucius n. 孔子
e.g. T h e s a y i n g s o f Confucius offer guidance on this matter(事情).
mansion n. 公馆/宅第
e.g. He bought the three mansions for £7 million.
kingdom n. 王国，领域
e.g. The Kingdom of Italy formally came into being on 17 March 1861.
chief adj. 最重要的;最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数: chiefs) the chief problem 主要问题 the chief cause / reason 主要原因
e.g. They are the descendants of Confucius.
individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. <C>个人
individual privacy 个人隐私
individualism n. 个人主义
individuality n. 个性，特征 e.g. All our courses(课程) are personalized(个性化) to the needs of the individual.
cemetery n. 墓地;公墓 tomb n. 坟墓 grave n. 坟墓
philosophy n. 哲学
philosopher n. 哲学家 philosophical adj.哲学 的；处乱不惊的
descendant n. 后裔，后代，子孙 以-ant结尾的名词： participant n.参与者
puzzled puzzling puzzlement
adj. 感到迷惑的 adj. 令人迷惑的 n. 迷惑；困惑
be a puzzle to sb …对某人来说是个谜 puzzle (oneself/sb) over … 绞尽脑汁
e.g. Lou Lan is a puzzle to all of us. e.g. He is puzzling himself over the solutions to the problem.
heel n. 足跟，后跟
Achilles’ heel (喻) (希腊神话)
Achilles是海洋女神和英雄之子，他出生后，海 洋女神为了让他刀枪不入，将其倒提着浸在冥 河水中，但因为捏住了他的脚踵，所以这个部 位没有被冥河水浸泡到。因此，脚踵成为了他 唯一的弱点。在特洛伊战争中，阿喀琉斯因这 个弱点被特洛伊王子射中的脚踝，因而牺牲。 后来，“Achilles’ heel ”被用来比喻任何强大 人物或事物身上的唯一薄弱之处或致命的弱点。
military adj. 军事的;军用的 __m_i_li_ta_r_y_t_r_a_in_i_n_g_ 军训
defence/defense n. 防御;保卫 the Ministry of __D_e_f_en__ce__ 国防部
in defence (of …) 为了保卫（……） e.g. Is there any man unwilling to fight in defence of his country? defend v. 防御;保卫 defend … from/against… 保卫…免受… e.g. They are trained to defend themselves from knife attack.
look sb in the eye(s) 直视某人
catch one’s eye 吸引某人注意力 = __a_t_t_ra_c_t__/ _d_r_a_w__o_n_e_’s_a_t_t_e_n_ti_o_n____________
charge n. 收费，指控，主管 ① be in charge (of…) 主管…/负责… ② take charge of… 负责… ③ in the charge of…=in one’s charge在…掌管下 ④ free of charge 免费
Unit 4 History and Traditions
A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.
——Marcus Garvey
一个民族如果不了解他们过去的历史、起源和文化，就 像一棵没有根的树。
e.g. Unemployment was the chief cause of poverty.
chef n.厨师；主厨，厨师长
puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问；难题 vt. (使)迷惑；(使)困惑
e.g. What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone.
(不能用于进行时态和被动语态) belonging n. 归属 a sense of belonging ___归__属__感_____ belongings n. 财产，所有物
e.g. Lions belong to the cat family.
as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还 1.as well as conj.(并列连词) 和；还有…= __i_n__a_d_d_i_t_io_n__t_o_
一个真正的朋友可以与你同甘共苦。
currency n. 通货，货币
e.g. The country experienced a foreign currency shortage for several months.
current adj. 当前的，现在的，流通的 n. 水流，电流，气流，趋势
e.g. What is the current situation of our application for these job?
welcome they returning to the village last week.
3.as well 作副词，短语表示“也”，常放句末 = __t_o_o__ e.g. Are they coming ___a_s__w__e_l_l__ ? 今天他们也来吗？
e.g. A true friend may share your sorrows __a_s_w__e_l_l__a_s_ your happiness.
join ... to... 把…和…连接或联结起来 e.g. The nearby country was joined to the kingdom. “参加”： ① join + sb/组织 ② join in + 活动
break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
e.g. The company wants to break away from its downmarket(低消费层) image.
passport n. ___护__照____ export v/n. __பைடு நூலகம்出__口___ import v/n. __进__口____ transport v/n. _交__通__运__输_
fascinating adj. 迷人的，及有吸引力的 fascinate v.（使）着迷 fascinated adj. 被迷住的 be fascinated by 对……着迷 fascination n. 着迷，迷恋，吸引力
e.g. The school was surrounded by mountains. e.g. The surrounding small towns have been absorbed(吸收) into the city. e.g. I can’t adapt to(适应) the new surroundings quickly.
evidence n. 证据;证明 There is some evidence that… 有证据证明…
e.g. There is some evidence that the economy is recovering in this country.
evident adj. 明显的，显而易见的 e_v_i_d_e_n_t_ly_ adv.
e.g. Erin, as well as her sisters, _w__a_s_g__iv_e_n_ (give) a warm
keep your eyes open (for) 留心，留意…
小心，留意： ___w_a_t_c_h_o_u_t______b_e_c_a_r_e_f_u_l_______________
keep an eye on 照看；留心 = __t_a_k_e_c_a_r_e_o_f______lo_o_k__a_f_te_r______c_a_r_e_f_o_r__
It is evident that… 显然(很明显)…
= _____I_t_i_s_o_b_v_i_o_u_s__th__a_t_…___
e.g. It is evident that he is willing to keep you company to Beijing.
achievement n. 成就;成绩;达到 make an achievement 取得成就 achieve vt. 完成，达到 vi. 成功 achieve one’s dream/goal/target
battle n. 战役;搏斗 v. 搏斗;奋斗
① win / gain a battle 打胜战 ② _lo_s_e_ a battle 吃败战 ③ fight a battle 进行战斗
① battle for 为...而战斗 ② battle with/against 与...战斗
port n. 港口(城市)
nearby adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近
e.g. We have three sons but none of them lives/ live nearby. adv e.g. The river burst its banks(决堤) and flooded nearby towns. adj
legal adj. 法律的，合法的 _le_g_a_l_ly_ adv. _i_ll_eg_a_l_ adj. 非法的，违法的 _il_le_g_a_ll_y adv.
surround v. 围绕;包围
be surrounded with/by… 被…围绕/包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的 surroundings n. 环境;周围的事物
location n. 地方;地点;位置
locate v. 使位于;确定准确地点 be located in/at/to…: 位于;坐落在
conquer vt. 占领，征服，控制
e.g. The only way to conquer a fear is to face it. e.g. There is always one thing to conquer another.
“break” 家族： ① break off 折断，中止，中断 ② break through 突破 ③ break up 结束，关系破裂，解散 ④ break down 损坏，故障；身体垮掉；分解 ⑤ break into 破门而入 ⑥ break out 爆发；突然发生
belong v. 应在 (某处);适应 belong to... 属于;是…的成员
——马库斯 ∙ 加维
Words and Expressions
Confucius n. 孔子
e.g. T h e s a y i n g s o f Confucius offer guidance on this matter(事情).
mansion n. 公馆/宅第
e.g. He bought the three mansions for £7 million.
kingdom n. 王国，领域
e.g. The Kingdom of Italy formally came into being on 17 March 1861.
chief adj. 最重要的;最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数: chiefs) the chief problem 主要问题 the chief cause / reason 主要原因
e.g. They are the descendants of Confucius.
individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. <C>个人
individual privacy 个人隐私
individualism n. 个人主义
individuality n. 个性，特征 e.g. All our courses(课程) are personalized(个性化) to the needs of the individual.
cemetery n. 墓地;公墓 tomb n. 坟墓 grave n. 坟墓
philosophy n. 哲学
philosopher n. 哲学家 philosophical adj.哲学 的；处乱不惊的
descendant n. 后裔，后代，子孙 以-ant结尾的名词： participant n.参与者
puzzled puzzling puzzlement
adj. 感到迷惑的 adj. 令人迷惑的 n. 迷惑；困惑
be a puzzle to sb …对某人来说是个谜 puzzle (oneself/sb) over … 绞尽脑汁
e.g. Lou Lan is a puzzle to all of us. e.g. He is puzzling himself over the solutions to the problem.
heel n. 足跟，后跟
Achilles’ heel (喻) (希腊神话)
Achilles是海洋女神和英雄之子，他出生后，海 洋女神为了让他刀枪不入，将其倒提着浸在冥 河水中，但因为捏住了他的脚踵，所以这个部 位没有被冥河水浸泡到。因此，脚踵成为了他 唯一的弱点。在特洛伊战争中，阿喀琉斯因这 个弱点被特洛伊王子射中的脚踝，因而牺牲。 后来，“Achilles’ heel ”被用来比喻任何强大 人物或事物身上的唯一薄弱之处或致命的弱点。
military adj. 军事的;军用的 __m_i_li_ta_r_y_t_r_a_in_i_n_g_ 军训
defence/defense n. 防御;保卫 the Ministry of __D_e_f_en__ce__ 国防部
in defence (of …) 为了保卫（……） e.g. Is there any man unwilling to fight in defence of his country? defend v. 防御;保卫 defend … from/against… 保卫…免受… e.g. They are trained to defend themselves from knife attack.
look sb in the eye(s) 直视某人
catch one’s eye 吸引某人注意力 = __a_t_t_ra_c_t__/ _d_r_a_w__o_n_e_’s_a_t_t_e_n_ti_o_n____________
charge n. 收费，指控，主管 ① be in charge (of…) 主管…/负责… ② take charge of… 负责… ③ in the charge of…=in one’s charge在…掌管下 ④ free of charge 免费
Unit 4 History and Traditions
A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.
——Marcus Garvey
一个民族如果不了解他们过去的历史、起源和文化，就 像一棵没有根的树。
e.g. Unemployment was the chief cause of poverty.
chef n.厨师；主厨，厨师长
puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问；难题 vt. (使)迷惑；(使)困惑
e.g. What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone.
(不能用于进行时态和被动语态) belonging n. 归属 a sense of belonging ___归__属__感_____ belongings n. 财产，所有物
e.g. Lions belong to the cat family.
as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还 1.as well as conj.(并列连词) 和；还有…= __i_n__a_d_d_i_t_io_n__t_o_
一个真正的朋友可以与你同甘共苦。
currency n. 通货，货币
e.g. The country experienced a foreign currency shortage for several months.
current adj. 当前的，现在的，流通的 n. 水流，电流，气流，趋势
e.g. What is the current situation of our application for these job?
welcome they returning to the village last week.
3.as well 作副词，短语表示“也”，常放句末 = __t_o_o__ e.g. Are they coming ___a_s__w__e_l_l__ ? 今天他们也来吗？
e.g. A true friend may share your sorrows __a_s_w__e_l_l__a_s_ your happiness.
join ... to... 把…和…连接或联结起来 e.g. The nearby country was joined to the kingdom. “参加”： ① join + sb/组织 ② join in + 活动
break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
e.g. The company wants to break away from its downmarket(低消费层) image.
passport n. ___护__照____ export v/n. __பைடு நூலகம்出__口___ import v/n. __进__口____ transport v/n. _交__通__运__输_
fascinating adj. 迷人的，及有吸引力的 fascinate v.（使）着迷 fascinated adj. 被迷住的 be fascinated by 对……着迷 fascination n. 着迷，迷恋，吸引力
e.g. The school was surrounded by mountains. e.g. The surrounding small towns have been absorbed(吸收) into the city. e.g. I can’t adapt to(适应) the new surroundings quickly.
evidence n. 证据;证明 There is some evidence that… 有证据证明…
e.g. There is some evidence that the economy is recovering in this country.
evident adj. 明显的，显而易见的 e_v_i_d_e_n_t_ly_ adv.