初二反意疑问句讲解-byfeather

初⼆反意疑问句讲解-byfeather
反意疑问句
⼀．定义：表⽰说话者对某事有⼀定看法，但⼜不完全确定，需要对⽅加以证实。

⼆．基本结构
结构⼀：前肯+后否
She has gone to town, hasn't she? 她进城了，对吗？
结构⼆：前否+后肯
Y ou don’t like it, do you? 你不喜欢它，是吗？
★陈述句与附加问句的谓语动词,在形式和时态上都应保持⼀致,如陈述部分有be动词、情态动词、助动词（do, does, did, have, has),附加部分谓语则要⽤其相应形式.
★即反意疑问句中, 附加问句的主语要⽤前⾯陈述句主语相对应的⼈称代词
三．反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，就要⽤yes;事实是否定的，就⽤no。

特别要注意的是，若前⼀部分为否定陈述句,答句译成汉语时,Y es译作“不”; No译作“是的”。

反之亦然。

1.He likes watching TV, doesn’t he?他喜欢看电视，是吗？
Y es, he does.是的，他喜欢看。

No, he doesn’t.不，他不喜欢。

2.He isn’t going to the park, is he?他不去公园，是吗？
Y es, he is.不，他要去的No, he isn’t.对，他不去。

3.Y ou don’t know the word, do you?你不认识那个单词，是吗？
Y es, I do.不，我认识。

No, I don’t.是的，我不认识。

四．反意疑问句解题步骤
（1）找动（找句⼦的助动词：be⽤be, 动词原形⽤do，三单⽤does，过去⽤did，完成⽤have/has）；
（2）判定（判断该⽤肯定还是否定）；
（3）换代（将主语换为代词）；
1.找动
⼀般疑问部分的结构为：be动词（is,are,was,were）/助动词（did/do,does）/情态动词（can,will等）/have(has,had)+陈述句的主语（必须⽤代词）There will be a paper factory near my home in about 2 years, won’t there?
He has been to America, hasn’t he?
Y our parents can’t swim, can they?
The students are going to have a picnic, aren’t they?
Y our mother likes cooking, doesn’t they?
2.判定
当陈述部分有never，seldom(很少), hardly(⼏乎不)，few，little，nothing(没有) 等否定意义的词时，后⾯的反意疑问句则为肯定形式。

It has no legs, doesn’t it?
There is little water in the glass, is there?
They seldom come late, do they?
特殊句型的反意疑问句
⼀.主语是不定代词的反意疑问句
1. 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, everyone ,anyone, anybody, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither,等，附加问句主语常⽤复数they(强调全体)。

1).Everyone knows the answer, don't they?
2).Nobody knows about it, do they?
3).No one knows him, do they?
4).None is here, are they？没有⼈在这⼉，对吗？
5).Someone opened the door, didn't they? 有⼈开了门，是不是？
2.陈述部分主语是不定代词something, anything everything, nothing, 附加问句
的主语通常⽤it。

1).Everything is ready, isn't it?
2).Something is wrong with your watch, isn’t it？你的⼿表出⽑病了，不是吗？
3).Nothing is too easy in the world, is it?
⼆.there( be)结构的反意疑问句. 以there 开头的陈述句有两种情况：
1.there be 句型时，其附加疑问句的主语⽤there.
1).There are some books on the table, aren’t there?
2).There will not be any trouble, will there?
3).There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这⼉有家医院，是吗？
2.there used to be的反义疑问句:如果陈述句的谓语动词为used to, 反意疑问句既可以⽤didn't（针对to后⾯的动词来变化）,也可以⽤usedn't.
There used to be a big tree near the river, usedn't there(或didn’t there)?
3.当以表⽰“地点”的there 引导时，要⽤陈述句真实主语的相应代词形式作附加疑问句的主语，常有这两个句型：There live…… There stand……
1)There stand two trees on the hill, don’t they?
2).There lived a poor old man in the woods, didn’t he?
三.I’m…结构的反意疑问句.
当陈述部分为I’m...时,附加问句⼀般⽤aren’t I ;当陈述部分为I’m not...时,附加问句⼀般⽤am I.
1).I’m reading now，aren’t I？我在读书，不是吗？.
2).I am not late, am I? 我没有迟到，对吗？
四.祈使句的反意疑问句
1.以动词原形开头的祈使句,其附加部分⼀般⽤will you ?若祈使句是肯定形式,附加问句可⽤will you, 也可⽤won’t you, can’t
2).Don't do that again, will you?
2.以let’s开头的祈使句, 其附加问句⽤shall we (包括听话⼈在内)
Let’s go home, shall we？回家吧，好吗？
2.以let us… let me… let him… 开头的祈使句,其附加部分⽤will you . (不包括听话⼈在内, ⽽是向听话者提出建议)
1). Let me have a try, will you? 让我试⼀试，⾏吗？
2).Let me have a look, will you ?
3).Let him speak first , will you ?
五.含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句
1.当陈述部分是⼀个带有that从句作宾语的复合句,附加部分应与主句的主语和谓语保持⼀致.
1).She say that you need help , doesn’t she ?
2).Tom said that he was late for school, didn’t he ?
2.当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等,⽽主句的主语是I或we时, 附加问句应与从句的主语和谓语保持⼀致.还要注意翻译时从句的否定前移.
1).I think you are right ,aren’t you ?
2).I don’t th ink she can swim ,can she ? 我认为她不会游泳，是吗？
3 .当主句的谓语动词是think,believe, suppose等,⽽主句的主语不是I或we,⽽是其他⼈称如you ,he等时, 附加问句应与主句的主语和谓语保持⼀致.
She thought that they would go swimming ,didn’t she ?
六.含有情态动词must的反意疑问句
当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，附加问句部分要根据must的意思⽽有所
变化:
1. 如果must 作“必须或有必要”讲时，附加问句须⽤mustn't或needn't.
1).He must work hard at physics, mustn't he?
2).I must find my exercise book, mustn’t I (needn’t I) ?
2.如果mustn’t 表⽰”禁⽌“时, 反意疑问句须⽤must.
Y ou mustn’t draw on the wall , must you ?
3. 当陈述部分的must表⽰“⼀定是; 想必；必定” 等推测意义时,附加问句谓语应该和must后的动词相呼应.如果陈述部分中出现了具体的过去时间状语,附加问句就⽤过去时. 当must后⾯接的是完成时是，反意疑问句部分的动词可⽤haven’t 也可didn’t (⼀般句中有明确的时间状语时⽤didn’t)
1)He must be there, isn't he?
2)He must have a big family, doesn't he?
3)There must be some students in the room, aren't there?
4）Y ou must have studied English for three years, haven't you?
5）He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
6）It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
1).What beautiful flowers, aren’t they？多漂亮的花，不是吗？
2).What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天⽓啊，是吧？
⼋. 陈述部分含有few，little，hardly，seldom ,never，not，no，no one，nobody，nothing，none, neither等这些表⽰否定或半否定意义的词时及too…to句型时，其反意疑问句需⽤肯定结构
1).Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
2).The old man can hardly read, can he? 这位⽼⼈不识字，对吗？
3).The Anna made no answer, did he / she?
4).Mr.Fat has few friends here, does he? Y es, he does. No, he doesn’t.
5).There is little milk in the bottle, is there? Y es, there is. No, there isn’t.
6).He could do nothing, could he? Y es, he could. No, he couldn’t.
九. 当陈述句部分带有un- ,in-, im- ,ir- ,dis- ,等否定前缀构成的派⽣词时，此陈
述句当作肯定句，其后的附加部分⽤否定形式。

1).The students were impolite, weren't they?
2).Tom is unhappy today, isn’t he?
3).She is careless ,isn’t she?
4).It is impossible, isn't it?
5).She dislikes smoking , doesn't she?
6).He is not unkind to his classmates, is he ?
⼗.其他⼀些特殊形式:
1.陈述部分的主语是指⽰代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语⽤it，当陈述部分的主语是指⽰代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语⽤they。

1).This is a plane, isn't it? 这是⼀架飞机，是吗？
2).These are grapes，aren't they? 这些是葡萄，是吗?
2. 陈述部分的主语为不定式、动名词、或从句时，附加问句的主语⽤it .
1).Reading in bed is bad for your eyes, isn’t it?
2).What you need is more important, isn't it？你需要的东西更重要,是吗？
3) To learn English well isn’t easy ,isn’t it ?
4).Whether they will come or not is very important, isn’t it ?
3.当陈述部分为并列句时，附加问句应采⽤就近原则,附加问句主谓语应和后⼀个分句⼀致.
1).Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, so he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
2).I help Lucy with her Chinese, and she helps me with my English, doesn’t she?
4.当neither….nor…., either….or…., both…and…, not only… but also…连接并列主语时，附加部分的主语常⽤复数代词。

1).Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?
2).Not only Tom but also Bob has been there, haven’t they?
6. 陈述部分有had better + v. 附加问句部分⽤hadn't 。

1).She’d better stay in bed, hadn’t she?
2) Y ou'd better not read it by yourself, had you?
7.陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，附加问句部分⽤didn't +主语或usedn't +主语，但d idn’t更为常⽤。

1).He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
2).He used to get up early, didn't he/ usedn't he?
8.陈述部分含ought to 时，附加问句要⽤shouldn’t或oughtn’t.)
. He ought to be here ，ough tn’t (shouldn’t) he ?
9.带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，附加部分常⽤need (dare )not +主语。

当dare, need 为实义动词时，附加部分⽤助动词do 的适当形式+ 主语。

1)we need not do it again, need we ?
2).She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
3).The girl daren't go home alone, dare she?
10.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以⽤one，也可⽤you(美式英语⽤he)。

One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个⼈都应该乐于助⼈，是吧？
11．陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时，附加疑问句在强调整体时⽤they，当作个别时⽤he。

12. 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多⽤wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
13 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分⽤wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
快速记忆表
填空
1.We need not do it again, ？
2.She doesn't dare to go home alone, ？
3.Neither you nor I am engineer, ？
4.Don't smoke in the meeting room. ？
5.It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ？
6.Let us know what has happened, ？
7.Don't forget to bring an umbrella, ？
8.Have dinner with us, ？
9.They used to be good friends, ？
10.You'd better read it by yourself, ？
11.Everything is ready, ？
14.Jim said no one was fond of the job, ？
15.Y ou have nothing more to say, ？
16.Y ou dislike it, ？
选择
1. Linda ate nothing this morning, ___?
A. didn’t she
B. was she
C. did she
D. wasn’t she
2. There’s hardly___ milk in the bottle, _____there?
A. no, isn’t
B. some, is
C. little, isn’t
D. any, is
3. He has never ridden a horse before, ___?
A. does he
B. has he
C. hasn’t he
D. doesn’t he
4. — He seldom came here, _____?
— Yes sir.
A. didn’t he
B. does he
C. doesn’t he
D. did he
5. Everything seems all right, _____ ?
A. does it
B. don’t they
C. won’t it
D. doesn’t it
7. One can’t be too modest, can _____ ?
A. one
B. he
8. No one failed in the exam, _____ ?
A. was he
B. did one
C. did they
D. didn’t he
10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _____ ?
A. am I
B. aren’t we
C. are we
D. am n’t I
11. He can’t be her father, _____ he?
A. is
B. isn’t
C. can
D. can’t
12. They have no time to visit the museum, _____?
A. do they
B. haven’t they
C. don’t they
D. will they
14. You’d better go at once, _____ you?
A. hadn’t
B. did
C. didn’t
D. don’t
15. You’d rather work than play, _____ you?
A. hadn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. didn’t
D. mustn’t
16. You dare not do that, _____ you?
A. don’t
B. do
18. He dislikes the two subjects, _____ he?
A. does
B. doesn’t
C. is
D. isn’t
19. These tools are useless now, _____ ?
A. are they
B. aren’t they
C. is it
D. isn’t it
20. He used to get up at 6:30, _____ he?
A. didn’t he
B. did he
C. used he
D. wouldn’t he
22. He ought to win the first prize, _______ he?
A. mustn’t
B. oughtn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. Both B and C.
23. Let’s go there by bus, ___?
A. will you
B. shall we
C. don’t you
D. will you
24. Let us go to play football, ___?
A. will you
B. shall we
C. do we
D. are we
25. Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water, ___?
A. will you
B. shall we
26. —Let’s go shopping this afternoon, _____?
— All right.
A. will we
B. shall we
C. don’t we
D. are we
27. — Pass me the dictionary, _____?
— Yes, with pleasure.
A. would you
B. will you
C. won’t you
D. wouldn’t you
30. There is little water in the glass, ____?
A. isn’t there
B. isn’t it
C. is it
D. is there
32. There won’t be any concert this Saturday evening, _____ ?
A. will there not
B. will there
C. is there
D. won’t
33. — I guess she taught herself Japanese, ______?
— Yes.
A. don’t I
B. did she
C. do I
D. didn’t she
34. I don’t believe you are right, _____ ?
A. are you
B. do you
C. won’t you
D. do
B. doesn’t she
C. does he
D. doesn’t he
37. I know you didn’t want to hurt me, _____ ?
A. did you
B. didn’t you
C. do I
D. don’t I
38. If my father were here he would be very happy, _____ ?
A. weren’t he
B. were he
C. wouldn’t he
D. would he
Key: 1—5 CDBDD 6—10 BACDC 11—15 AABAB 16—20 CCBBA 21—25CDBAA 26—30 BBBAD 31—35 BBDAA 36—38 AAC。