语法复习定语从句.doc

语法复习：定语从句
一、考点聚焦
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。

数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。

（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。

必须注意两点：
%1先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。

This is the place which is worth visiting.
%1关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit （them） in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。

关系副词：when, where, why o that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、做定语从句题步骤（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。

（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分
%1.真题练兵
1.（2012 全国卷U）. That evening, I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
2.（2012 北京卷）26. When deeply absorbed in work,he often was, he would forget all
about eating or sleeping.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
3.（2012 上海卷）35. Have you sent thank—you notes to the relatives from you received
gifts?
A. which
B. them
C. that
D. whom
4.（2012 天津卷）7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got
this far.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
5.（2012 江苏卷）22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. what
6.（2012 安徽卷）29. A lot of language learning,has been discovered, is happening in the
first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A. as
B. it
C. which
D. this
7.（2012 湖南卷）34. Care of the soul is a gradual process even the small details of life
should be considered.
A. what
B. in what
C. which
D. in which
8.（2012 1 昂建卷）23.The air quality in the city,is shown in the report, has improved over the past
A. that
B.
it
C.
as
D.
what
two months.
9.（2012 陕西卷）14. It is the third time that she has won the race,has surprised us all.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. what
10.（2012 山东卷）23. Maria has written two novels, both of have been made into
television series.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. what
11.（2012 重庆卷）29. Sales director is a position communication ability is just as importance as sales skills.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
12.（2012 四川卷）13. In our class there are 46 students,half wear glasses.
A. in whom
B. in them
C. of whom
D. of them
13.（2012 江西卷）28. By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
A. which
B. when
C. what
D. that
14.（2012 浙江卷）9. We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
A. why
B. when
C. to whom
D. on which
15.（2012 浙江卷）17.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature,, for some reason, had
withdrawn from all human society.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. Whom
16.My friend Jennifer,help Fve made great progress in my studies, will leave for Canada next week.
A. in whose
B. in her
C. with whose
D. with her
#必须注意的问题
1.注意区别定语从句与强调句
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.（定语从句）
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）
2.定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

Word came that their army was defeated.（同位语）
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.（定语）
3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

She has a sister who is a teacher.
She has a sister, who is teacher.
4.几个特殊的定语从句句型：
%1He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
in the match.（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students 为先行词）%1Is this place the one （that） we visited yesterday?
Is this the place（that / which）we visited yesterday ?
%1He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
%1It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
%1.-------------------------- 温故而知新语法点复习
1.（2012 陕西卷）20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose suits
you best.
A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever
2.（2012 四川卷）17. Scientists study human brains work to make computers.
A. when
B. how
C. that
D. whether
3.（2012 辽宁卷）3
4. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for
he could find about Mark Twain.
A. wherever B, however C. whatever D. whichever
4.. All the preparations for the task, and we're ready to start.
pleted
B. complete
C.had been completed
D.have been completed
5 Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology so
rapidly.
A.is changing
B.has changed
C.will have changed
D.will change
6.一I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
一Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ?
A. was leaving
B. had left
C. has left
D. left
7.1 was really anxious about you. You home without a word.
A.mustn't have
B.shouldn't have left
C.couldn't have left
D. needn't have
8.Nobody ____ throw away rubbish everywhere!
4. A. can B. need C. shall D. must
9.一Isn,t that Ann's husband over there?
一No, it be him I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.
A. can't
B. must not
C. won't
D. may not
10.一Are you coming to Jeff's party?
一I'm not sure. I go to the concert instead.
A.must
B. would
C. should
D.might
11.—John, there is Mr. Wilson on the phone for you.
一I'm in bath.
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. a;不填
D. the;不填
12.Paper money was in ___________ u se in China when Marco Polo visited the country in thirteenth century.
A. the ...I B. the ... the C. I... the D. I (I)
13.This year we'll produce cotton as we did last year.
A. as twice much
B. twice as much
C. twice much as
D. much as twice
14.Jack, as well as his friends who fond of football games,traveled with the team.
A. is; has
B. are; have
C. are; has
D. is; have
15 --- They are hard working and they will become engineers in the future.
A. So are we
B. It is the same with us
C. So will we
D. We will, too
四：完形填空
The day before Father's Day, Mrs Berry asked her students to make a card for their fathers. She passed out paper and pieces of cloth.
Elizabeth looked for a while at the blue cloth and began to cut it. Then she 36 _her paper in half and began writing. When Elizabeth finally looked at the message the teacher gave on the paper, she noticed something else. She felt her 37 grow hot 一she hadn't heard that anyone who didn't have a father could make one for a grandfather or an uncle.
As her teacher walked to her, Elizabeth tried 38 her card with her arm, but Mrs Berry gently 39 it so that she could read it. Elizabeth sat 40 , waiting for her to say something, but she saw a 41 roll down Mrs Berry's face. She had never made Mrs Berry so upset.
When school was over, Elizabeth 42 until all the other kids left so that she could 43 . “I'm sorry for not listening. I'll make another card 44 you want. I'll do it 45 and bring it tomorrow.,,
“46 are you talking about?^, asked Mrs Berry.
"My Father' s Day card. I know you' re upset be-cause I didn't do it 47 ."
“Elizabeth, that was the 48 card in the whole class. It was so 49 that it made me cry." Elizabeth was so 50 that she ran out of the class-room. When her mom came home from work that night, Elizabeth 51 to give her the card early. On the front of the card was a 52 of Elizabeth's mom, with a blue piece of cloth cut like her hair. In-side the card she had written: Dear Mom, I know you work really hard to be both a mommy and a(n) 53 .1 want to thank you and 54 you a happy Father's Day! Love, Elizabeth When her mom read the card she started 55 , just like Mrs Berry did.
36. A. cut B. tore C. d D. folded 37. A. heart 38. A. covering 39. A. caught 40. A. alone 41. A. tear 42. A. worked 43. A. B. face C. hands B. holding C. doing B. left C. lifted B. still C.叩 B. smile C. hair B. waited C. stood B. stop ; D.body ; D. making D. placed D. down D. sweat D. sat C. understand D. stay 44. A. because B. until C. unless D. if 45. A. just B. at once C. at home D. at school 46. A. Who B. Whose C. Which D. What 47. A. carefully B. quickly C. wrong D. right
48. A. worst B. best C. favorite D. simplest 49. A. wild B. useful C. sweet D. hard 50. A. happy B. regretful C. brave D. rude
51. A. seemed B. decided C.refused D. promised 52. A. recording B. discovery C. drawing D. writing
53. A. teacher B. sister C. daddy D.aunt 54. A. wish B. hope C. want D. 55. A. laughing B.joking C. worrying D. crying。