硕士研究生英语学位-31_真题-无答案

硕士研究生英语学位-31
(总分93,考试时间90分钟)
PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Section A
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1. A. He feels quite satisfied with Jenny. B. He would rather continue his work. C. He suggests stopping today's work. D. He thinks Jenny lazy and inefficient.
2. A. The trip was boring. B. The trip was exciting. C. He was homesick. D. He felt quite lonely.
3. A. He is running out of gas. B. He feels very hungry. C. There is something wrong with his car. D. He doesn't feel well himself.
4. A. She never listens to any doctor. B. She doesn't eat candy anymore. C. She often gives candy to the doctor. D. She is still eating candy.
5. A. He is going to win the match. B. He is going to give up. C. He is going to take chance. D. He is going to beat his rival first.
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6. A. To brush up her English at home. B. To be praised by her peers. C. To become her teacher's favorite student. D. To care more for other subjects.
7. A. Have a picnic. B. Play with her pets. C. See a movie. D. Stay at home.
8. A. It's a piece of cake. B. She has no idea. C. She already knows the answer. D. It's beyond her expectation.
9. A. Write a short mail to him. B. Chat with him online. C. Telephone him. D. Text him soon.
10. A. The poster looks better without the frame. B. The poster is not worth the money. C. The
poster costs very little. D. The poster is very eye-catching.
Section B
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1. What did the **ment the past when he heard his **plain about their bad memories?A. They needn't have repeated earlier materials. B. They have bad habits rather than bad memories. C. They should make continuous effort to train memory. D. They can improve their memory by working hard.
2. What does the speaker suggest about language learning?A. We should adopt some methods of unconscious learning. B. Slow as it is, adopt some methods of unconscious learning. C. Our working memory can be improved by doing a lot of reading. D. It is necessary to learn consciously by trying word lists.
3. Which word, according to the speaker, can describe the process of language use?A. Laborious B. Conscious. C. Appropriate. D. Effortless
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4. A. The United States has declared its independence. B. Lady Liberty is a gift from the people of France. C. The American people have shaken off oppression. D. The United States has broken off its relations with the UK.
5. A. Lady Liberty. B. Liberty Lady. C. The Statue of Liberty. D. Liberty Enlightening the World.
6. A. By bus. B. By boat. C. By Car. D. By subway.
Section C
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1. A computer failure can destroy thousands of memories. You can avoid this by keeping your photos backed up ______ (3 words).
2. You visit the Grand Canyon and take beautiful photos with a ______ (2 words).
3. With the popular service Flickr, you may move the photos onto **puter, and then upload them to the web for ______ (2 words).
4. You need to make sure that it's easy to find photos in the future. Along with adding titles, you can add ______ (3 words) that describe the photo.
5. ..and two, they make photo sharing fun by ______ (3 words).
PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY
Section A
1. Many people came to donate blood of their own accord. A. willingly B. for their own sake C. of their own D. without the help of others
2. In spite of the efforts of those industrious farmers, the local economy is far from developed due to isolation.A. capable B. ingenious C. innovative D. hard-working
3. In the wake of such findings, several states are rethinking their plan to open these camps.A. Based on B. Preceding C. Following D. Targeted at
4. There is compelling evidence that pollution is responsible for many deadly diseases, such as cancer.A. convincing B. controversial C. consistent D. contradictory
5. If a country turned inward and insulated itself, the result would be a diminished standard of living.A. worshiped B. split C. innovated D. isolated
6. Some observers thought the war would be calamitous.A. marvelous B. tremendous C. hazardous D. disastrous
7. The sales manager was so adamant about her idea that it was out of the question for any one to talk her out of it.A. adaptable B. anxious C. firm D. talkative
8. He displayed a complete lack of courtesy and tact in dealing with his employer.A. tenacity B. curiosity C. civility D. hostility
9. The staggering sum of money invested in this project failed to yield the desired result.A. fluctuating B. increasing C. diminishing D. overwhelming
10. Facebook's top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A. optional B. qualified C. desirable D. casual
Section B
1. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a______. A. scarcity B. minority C. minimum D. shortage
2. The risk of chemotherapy must therefore be carefully ______ the chances of spontaneous regression.A. conflicted with B. compared to C. reconciled with D. weighed against
3. The police are ______ the suburbs for the missing car.A. seeking B. combing C. looking D. investigating
4. We must take part in physical labor in order to ______ ourselves more closely with the working people.A. identify B. incorporate C. combine D. involve
5. Doctors and researchers have to keep themselves ______ on the latest developments in their sphere of study.A. convinced B. isolated C. humiliated D. updated
6. The construction of ______ and theories reflects the scientists' interpretation of what has been observed.A. prototypes B. hypotheses C. fantasies D. imaginations
7. The child is ______ all the evidence for his opinion.A. not encourage either to be critical for his opinion. B. encouraged either to be critical nor to examine C. either encouraged to be critical or to examine D. neither encouraged to be critical nor to examine
8. "No Tobacco Day" is the day when the world health organization______to people to stop using tobacco products. A. asks B. applies C. appeals D. urges
9. I often wonder why some people won't do what it ______ to be successful.A. involves B. means C. takes D. likes
10. To achieve sustainable development, the ______ of resources is assuming new importance.A. conservation B. reservation C. exhaustion D. devastation
PART Ⅲ CLOZE
Every year, as the price of goods rises, the inflation refuses to 1 even from the high educational institutions.
In the U.S., according to a 2005 survey by the College Board, 2 at state universities rose by an average of 7.1 percent annually, after a year when inflation grew much less. At private schools it was up 5.9 percent. The survey which 3 more than 3,000 colleges and universities did not provide dear reasons for the continued increases. It did say that the price of goods and services at universities have risen rapidly. Some of the fastest growth has been in employee health 4 , and professional salaries.
Living expenses on campus have also 5 . At the university of Southern California student dining hall, a buffet (自助餐) meal cost $5.50 in 2004. But now it's $9. The U.S. government often provides 6 assistance to students' lunch in primary and high schools, but these favorable policies usually don't 7 universities. Some students said the food on campus is sometimes even more expensive than that at restaurants 8 campus.
To compensate the rise in tuition and living expenses, the federal and state governments 9 universities and private sources have provided 10 for students. Of
all the full time undergraduates about 62 percent have a grant covering 30-50 percent of their tuition, according to the College Board.
1. A. stay away B. stand out C. step down D. set off
2. A. fares B. payment C. charges D. tuition
3. A. attended B. covered C. included D. composed
4. A. welfares B. advantages C. benefits D. goods
5. A. rolled up B. gone up C. sat up D. taken up
6. A. management B. economic C. policy D. financial
7. A. apply to B. suit for C. adjust to D. gear for
8. A. in B. to C. off D. over
9. A. as well as B. the same as C. as far as D. such as
10. A. grasps B. grains C. grounds D. grants
PART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSION
When you leave a job with a traditional pension, don't assume you've lost the chance to collect it. You're entitled to whatever benefit you've earned — and you might even be entitled to take it now. "A lot of people forget they have it, or they think that by waiting until they're 65, they'll have a bigger benefit," says Wayne Bogosian, president of the PFE Group, which provides corporate pre-retirement education.
Your former employers should send you a certificate that says how much your pension is worth. If it's less than $5,000, or if **pany offers a lump-sum payout, it will generally close your account and cash you out. It may not seem like much, but $5,000 invested over 20 years at eight percent interest is $23,000. If your pension is worth more than $5,000, or **pany doesn't offer the lump-sum option, find out how much money you're eligible for at the plan's normal retirement age, the earlier age at which you can collect the pension, the more severe penalty for collecting it early. You'll probably **e out ahead by taking the money now and investing it.
What if you left a job years ago, and you're realizing you may have unwittingly left behind a pension? Get help from the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation. It has an online search tool that has helped locate $47 million in lost benefits for more than 12,000 workers.
If you have a traditional pension, retiring early costs more than you might expect. Most people assume you take a proportional cut for leaving before your plan's normal retirement age. For example, you might think that if you need to accrue 30 years of service and you leave three years early, you'd get a pension 90 percent of the full amount.
But that's not how- it works. Instead, you take an actuarial reduction, determined by the employer but often around five percent a year, for each year you leave early. So retiring three years early could leave you with only 85 percent of the total amount.
When you retire early with a defined-contribution plan, the problem is you start spending investments on which you could be earning interest. If you retire when you're 55, for example, and start using the traditional pension then, by age 65 you'll have only about half of what you would've had if you'd kept working until 65.
1. When one leaves a job with a traditional pension, ______.A. he tends to forget that he has the pension B. he has no right to ask for the pension C. he'll have a bigger benefit than if he waits until the age of 65 D. he has a specified worth of pension
2. If the retiree's pension is less than $5,000, it is wise of him to ______.A. ask **pany for a lump-sum payout B. require his former boss to figure out the value of his pension C. take the pension with him and make a profit out of it D. collect the pension at his retirement plan's normal retirement age
3. If one leaves early before his plan's normal retirement age ______.A. he'll take 90 percent of the total amount of his pension B. he'll have half of his pension payments C. he'll have his pension payment reduced by 5% a year D. he'll have only 85 percent of his full pension
4. If one retires early with a defined-contribution plan, he is expected to ______.A. earn less interest B. be better off than with a traditional pension C. start investment immediately D. get less Social Security benefits
5. Which of the following can be used as the subtitle for the last three paragraphs?A. Your Payout Is Not Guaranteed B. The Retirement Dilemma C. Leave Early, Lose Big D. Take the Pension with You
6. Which of the following is NOT true?A. If one leaves 3 years early on a 30-year-service basis, he won't get a pension worth 27/30ths. B. It pays to get an early retirement if one understands how retirement pension plan works. C. The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation helps the retiree to recover lost benefits. D. If one keeps his expenses within his retirement framework, he won't be severely affected.
The biggest problem facing Chile as it promotes itself as a tourist destination to be reckoned with, is that it is at the end of the earth. It is too far south to be a convenient stop on the way to anywhere else and is much farther than a relatively cheap half-day's flight away from the big tourist markets, unlike Mexico, for example.
Chile, therefore, has to fight hard to attract tourists, to convince travelers that it is **ing halfway round the world to visit. But it is succeeding, not only in existing markets like the U.S.A and Western Europe but in new territories, in particular the Far East. Markets closer to home, however, are not being forgotten. More than 50% of visitors to Chile **e from its nearest neighbor, Argentina, where the cost of living is much higher.
Like all South American countries, Chile sees tourism as a valuable earner of foreign currency,
although it has been far more serious than most in promoting its image abroad. Relatively stable politically within the region, it has benefited from the problems suffered in other areas. In Peru, guerrilla warfare in recent years has dealt a heavy blow to the tourist industry and fear of street crime in Brazil has reduced the attraction of Rio de Janeiro as a dream destination for foreigners.
More than 150,000 people are directly involved in Chile's tourist sector, an industry which earns the country more than U.S. $950 million each year. The state-run National Tourism Service, in partnership with a number of **panies, is currently running a world-wide campaign, taking part in trade fairs and international events to attract visitors to Chile.
Chile's great strength as a tourist destination is its geographical diversity. From the parched Atacama Desert in the north to the Antarctic snowfields of the south, it is more than 5,000 km long. With the Pacific on one side and the Andean mountains on the other, Chile boasts natural attractions. Its beaches are not up to Caribbean standards but resorts such as Vina del Mar are generally clean and unspoilt and have a high standard of services.
But the trump card is the Andes mountain range. There are a number of excellent ski resorts within one hour's drive of the capital, Santiago, and the national parks in the south are home to rare animals and plant species. The parks already attract specialist visitors, including mountaineers, **e to climb the technically difficult peaks, and fishermen, lured by the salmon and trout in the region's rivers.
However, infrastructure development in these areas is limited. The ski resorts do not have as many lifts as their European counterparts and the poor quality of roads in the south means that only the most determined travelers see the best of the national parks.
Air links between Chile and the rest of the world are, at present, relatively poor. While Chile's two largest airlines have extensive networks within South America, they operate only a small number of routes to the United States and Europe, while services to Asia are almost non-existent.
Internal transport links are being improved and luxury hotels are being built in one of its national parks. Nor is development being restricted to the Andes. Easter Island and Chile's Antarctic Territory are also on the list of areas where the Government believes it can create tourist markets.
But the rush to open hitherto inaccessible areas to mass tourism is not being welcomed by everyone. Indigenous and environmental groups, including Green peace, say that many parts of the Andes will suffer if they become over-developed. There is a genuine fear that areas of Chile will suffer the cultural destruction witnessed in Mexico and European resorts.
The policy of opening up Antarctica to tourism is also politically sensitive. Chile already has permanent settlements on the ice and many people see the decision to allow tourists there as a political move, enhancing Santiago's territorial claim over part of Antarctica.
The Chilean Government has promised to respect the environment as it seeks to bring tourism to these areas. But there are **mercial pressures to exploit the country's tourism potential. The Government will have to monitor developments closely if it is genuinely concerned in creating a balanced, controlled industry and if the price of an increasingly lucrative tourist market is not going to mean the loss of many of Chile's natural riches.
7. Chile is disadvantaged in the promotion of its tourism by ______.A. geographical location B. guerrilla warfare C. political instability D. street crime
8. Many of Chile's tourists used to come from EXCEPT ______.A. U.S.Ａ. B. the Far East C.
Western Europe D. her neighbors
9. According to the author, Chile's greatest attraction is ______.A. the unspoilt beaches B. the dry and hot desert C. the famous mountain range D. the high standard of services
10. Accordingto the passage, in which area improvement is already under way?A. Facilities in the ski resorts. B. Domestic transport system. C. Air services to Asia. D. Road network in the south.
11. The objection to the development of Chile's tourism might be all EXCEPT that it ______.A. is ambitious and unrealistic. B. is politically sensitive. C. will bring harm to culture. D. will cause pollution in the area.
Passage Four
To claim supernatural powers and then be caught in dirty acts—sexually abusing children or, even worse, protecting the abusers—is not only a moral problem. It is a near fatal professional error. I wonder if the hierarchy knows how gravely the Roman Catholic Church, especially the American church, has been wounded. There's huge internal bleeding, a hemorrhage of credibility —yet, in the face of all that, a changing official attitude mixing pain and evasion. At least priest Jimmy Swaggart had the good grace to cry on television and beat his breast and otherwise oblige the audience with the acting of regret. Last week the Pilot, the newspaper of the archdiocese of Boston, did ask several questions that it admitted are "out there in the minds of Catholics"—an interesting phrase, by the way, that suggests some of the problems: A hierarchy that sees "the Catholic mind" as something "out there" and the defended priests as being "in here." Among the questions: 1) Should being alone continue to be "a normative condition for the diocesan priests"?
2) If being alone were of their own choice, would there be fewer errors of this nature in the priests? My answers would be: 1) No. 2) Yes.
There's no cure-all, as the Pilot said. Catholics have to think though strong arguments for and against being alone—and for and against the appointment of women as priests. But the current failure will be compounded if the debate becomes a merely technical discussion of difficulties and ignores the overall danger to the church. A Catholic Church that is losing so much ground around the world and has such difficulty in employing new priests cannot afford the critical, firm pride of centuries past. Allowing priests to marry, and appointing women, would do an important thing: begin to change the culture of the priests—a culture that needs very considerable changing. It would help clean the sometimes dirty atmosphere of the religion.
Sexual crimes against the most innocent lambs in the flock are a tragedy for the authority and moral structure of the church. Faith climbs on a vertical axis to God. The vertical is supported by a horizontal axis—trust, which is the everyday, stabilizing living church. If trust dissolves into doubt and dislike, if God's representatives on earth turn out to be, many of them, child abusers and protectors of child abusers, then who will ever see such men at their priestly work without suspicion and hating?
12. What is the passage mainly about?A. The change of the culture of priests in the Catholic Church. B. The moral problem of the priests. C. The being alone in priests. D. The problem facing the Catholic Church and the possible solutions
13. What does the author think the official attitude towards the problem facing the priests is?A. Facing up to the problem and eager to resolve it. B. Having taken measures decisively. C. Worrying about it, but trying not to fact it. D. No clear attitude at all.
14. What would be the possible methods to fact the problem mentioned in the passage?A. To have the right attitude towards the problem. B. To clean the present atmosphere of the religion. C. To make being alone optional and ordain woman priest. D. To get rid of those priests **mit sexual crimes.
15. At the time of the publication of this article, in the Catholic Church, being alone to diocesan priests is a (an) ______ condition.A. optional B. normative C. unnecessary D. ordinary
16. If the church doesn't face the problem, what is NOT the possible result?A. There is much more difficulty in employing new priests. B. The church will lose its authority. C. The believer will loathe and suspect the priests very much. D. The church will be sent on court.
President Bill Clinton is being squeezed on the issue of gays in the military. Gays demand that he lift the ban on them. But the generals and admirals say, please, spare us this massive migraine.
If Clinton wants maximum effectiveness from the military, he'll try to squirm out of his political promise to end the ban. He can't soothe both sides on this issue. If he keeps his word, he'll anger the military and a large segment of America. If he breaks his promise, he'll anger gays and their Hollywood supporters, who gave him votes and money last year.
Were I asked to cast a tie-breaking vote; it would be for the military. They know more about what it takes to win wars than Barbra. Streisand or the Gay and Lesbian Alliance.
And if the Pentagon had done a better job of arguing its case, the vast majority of Americans would agree. Instead, gays have skillfully used the media to argue that the military ban is nothing more than discrimination. Those who disagree are called gay-bashers.
"We're caught in a propaganda war being waged by the media and gay lobbyists," Lt. Col. Robert Maginnis recently wrote," Most media members who advocate lifting the ban never served in the military. They don't understand the lack of privacy and forced intimacy in the barracks."
He's right. Military life is unique. The civilian job closest to soldiering is being a cop. There are gay cops, and that's okay. But as a cop, you work your shift and go home. You don't live on a ship with another cop 24 hours a day. You don't shower and sleep near him for months at a time.
And since we're talking about sex-specifically a form of sex that most Americans consider morally wrong-anybody who says that it won't affect morale and discipline in the military has never been in a barracks or on a crowded troopship.
Yes, there are polls that tell us that more than 40 percent of Americans think the gay ban should be lifted. These polls are about as meaningful as those that say ten percent of Americans believe Elvis lives. A poll limited to those in the military and those who have served would show that an overwhelming majority would be against lifting the ban.
They know that most who volunteer to serve in our military have conservative, middle-class, God-country-family values. It's conformist organization from haircut to stockings. And it places
less value on individual rights than on the unit as a whole. It has its own laws and justice system, which by civilian standards would be considered authoritarian. Maybe you don't want to live that way, but if we are going to fight wars, it works.
If gays are accepted by the military, they will demand change. Some activists will probably push for a gay quota at West Point.
There's nothing wrong with change if it has a positive purpose. This doesn't. We're not talking about patriotism, love of country, sacrifice. Gay obsessive-not to be confused with ordinary people who happen to be gay-have an agenda: total social acceptance. And they are using the military ban as a blue chip in their poker game.
A gay Washington lawyer summed it up when he told the New York Times: "Any instruments that defer or delegate this issue to the military are inherently suspect."
Hey, lawyer, this country's military has won many more battles than it has lost. When it comes to fighting, Gen. Colin Powell's views are less suspect than those of a Washington lawyer who hasn't spent one minute in combat. From ousting Saddam from Kuwait to helping Somalia, our military has been effective. As the saying goes, if it isn't broke, don't fix it.
17. Generals and admirals______. A. suggested the ban on the gays in the military be lifted B. asked the ban on gays be kept C. found no gays in their troops D. asked the gays in the military quit out of the army
18. The author holds that ban on gays in the military______. A. is discrimination B. is a gender discrimination C. is racial D. is not discrimination at all
19. Military life is different from the cops in that______. A. soldiers are unmarried B. soldiers work their shifts and cops not C. soldiers have to live together all the time D. soldiers have to work 24 hours a day
20. Gay obsessive purpose is______. A. to join the army B. to make the society totally accept them C. to get admission to West Point D. to use military ban as a blue chip in their poker game
21. In the author's opinion, A. American military has been effective B. American military demands change C. American military is inherently suspect D. American military should be fixed
22. The phrase of "if it isn't broke, don't fix it" in the last paragraph refers to______. A. telling someone to leave things as they are B. telling someone to be careful C. telling someone to stay calm and not to overreact D. encouraging someone who is hesitant
PART Ⅴ TRANSLATION
1. Put the following paragraph into Chinese.
Human progress is greatly accelerated by the use of language in cultural transmission; the knowledge and experience acquired by a particular person can be passed on to another in language,
so that no amount of demonstration can replace the role of language. In this connection the importance of the invention of printing can never be exaggerated. At the present time the achievements of anyone in any part of the world can be made available and accessible to anyone else able to read and capable of understanding what is involved. From these uses of language, spoken and written, the most developed **munication system, though given the courtesy title of language, is worlds away.
2. Directions：Put the following paragraph into English．Write your English version in the proper space on Answer SheetⅡ．邓小平是伟大的改革家。

他的概括为“致富光荣”的政策，帮助数百万中国人摆脱了赤贫，并开辟了在市场经济里盈利或亏本的机遇。

他的指导原则是实用主义。

“不管白猫、黑猫，逮到老鼠就是好猫”，这是他喜欢的谚语。

PART Ⅵ WRITING
1. Topic: A great number of people think that those with university education should get higher pay than those without, for they believe that the former have sweated and sacrificed more. To what extent do you agree with this point of view?。