小学英语英语阅读理解技巧和方法+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析
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小学英语英语阅读理解技巧和方法+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析部编六年级小学英语英语阅读理解技巧和方法
阅读理解题是英语考试必考的题型之一,但是阅读理解题常常又是学生最容易丢分的地方。
那么怎样才能在英语考试中阅读理解题少丢分甚至不丢分呢?
一、先看问题,再读原文
这个是我做阅读理解题的一个习惯,先看问题,带着问题去原文里找答案,这样比较有目的性。
现在问题的形式也比较灵活,有单选,有判断正误,还有回答问题。
先了解问题具体是哪种形式,在阅读原文的时候才更有针对性寻找答案。
小学阶段的阅读理解相对来说还是比较简单的,很多问题可以在原文里直接找到答案,当然这主要是针对单选和判断来说的。
先读问题,在阅读原文的时候有的问题一下子就出来了,节约了很多时间。
二、通读全文,抓住重点
在阅读原文的时候一定不要一句一句的看,一句一句的理解,这样做会影响对整篇文章的理解和认识。
如果遇上生词,先不要管它,略过生词继续通读全文。
读完一遍能够大概明白文章讲了一件什么事。
在阅读的过程中还要注意抓住重点,即出现了哪些人物,提到了什么时间,说到了哪个地点,发生了什么事情,这些关键词最好能用笔在原文中做个记号,因为后面的问题一般都和这些关键词相关。
三、大胆猜词,掌握意思
说阅读理解题难很大程度上是因为句子中有些单词不知道是什么意思,这在理解文章意思的时候就会加大难度。
但是我们可以通过猜测单词的意思对通篇文章进行理解,可以根据上下文的意思进行猜测,还可以根据单词的构成进行猜测,比如说我们知道happy是“高兴的”,那么unhappy就是“不高兴的”。
当然这就需要学生在平时注意单词的构成。
四、反复阅读,深刻理解
做阅读理解题一般需要读两到三遍,这样对理解全文是非常有帮助的。
第一次阅读把那些能够直接找出答案的题做出来,第二遍阅读就要明白原文具体说了一件什么事情,面白了这个时候对后面一些需要理解能回答的问题这时候就可以解决了。
第三遍通读全文,对所做出的答案再确认一遍。
2. My name is Nancy. I'm sixteen years old. I am from Canada. My parent(父母) are teachers in a middle school. They work from Monday to Friday. I have a sister. Her name is Jenny. She is seventeen. We are in the same school. We go to school together(一起). We have four classes(课) in the morning and two in the afternoon. We go home(家) at four in the afternoon. We don't do our homework in the afternoon. On Saturdays and Sundays we don't go to school. On Saturdays my parent(父母) like to have dumplings for supper. But my sister and I don't. We like bread and cakes. We often go to a restaurant for supper on Sundays.
1.How many people are there in Nancy's family(家庭)?
A.Three
B.Five
C.Four
D.Two
2.How many days do Nancy's parent(父母) not work in a week(一周)?
A.Two
B.One
C.Three
D.Four
3.Why do Nancy and Jenny go to school together?
A.They are sixteen
B.They are in the same school
C.They have four classes in the morning
D.They like the same English teacher
4.Nancy has classes in three days.
A.six
B.twelve
C.nine
D.eighteen
5.What would Nancy and Jenny have for supper on Saturdays?
A.Dumplings
B.Bread
C.Cakes
D.Bread and cakes
【答案】
1.C
2.A
3.B
4.D
5.A
【解析】
【分析】
这是Nancy 在介绍自己和家人。
父母是中学教师,她和姐姐Jenny在同一所学校。
1.细节理解题。
题干:Nancy家有几口人?根据My name is Nancy. My parent(父母) are teachers in a middle school. They work from Monday to Friday. I have a sister. 可知Nancy家有四口人:Nancy、爸爸和妈妈和姐姐。
故选C。
2.细节理解题。
题干:Nancy的父母一周几天不工作?根据They work from Monday to Friday.可知,Nancy从周一工作到周五,那一周两天不工作。
故选A。
3.细节理解题。
题干:为什么Nancy 和Jenny 一起去学校?根据 We are in the same school. We go to school together(一起)可知,Nancy 和Jenny一起去学校是因为她俩在同一所学校。
故选B。
4.数字计算题。
题干:3天,Nancy上几节课?根据We have four classes(课) in the morning and two in the afternoon. 可知,Nancy 一天上6节课,故3天上18节课,故选 D。
5.推理判断题。
题干:星期六Nancy 和Jenny晚饭吃什么?根据On Saturdays my parent(父母) like to have dumplings for supper. 可知,周六晚饭,她们会吃到妈妈包的水饺。
3. One day, Miss Li sees that Ann is not happy. She asks Ann, "What's wrong with you?" Ann answers, "I want to buy a new pair of shoes, but my parents don't have enough money." Then Miss Li says, "Today I have some homework for you—count your parents' shoes and tell me the number tomorrow."
The next day, Miss Li asks Ann, "Do you count your parents' shoes?"
"Yes. My father has three pairs of shoes and my mother has four pairs of shoes."
"How many pairs of shoes do you have?"
"Twenty." Ann's face turns red.
"Are you still unhappy now?"
"No, I'm not. I want to save(节省) some money to buy new shoes for my parents."
1.Ann is not happy because .
A.she doesn't like her new shoes
B.she thinks her shoes are too old
C.her mother has more shoes than her
D.her parents don't have enough money to buy her a new pair of shoes
2.What does the underlined word "count" mean in Chinese?
A.数
B.擦
C.整理
D.清洁
3.Miss Li asks Ann to .
A.buy her mother some shoes
B.clean her father's shoes
C.count her parents' shoes
D.sell her parents' shoes
4.How many pairs of shoes does Ann have?
A.Three.
B.Four.
C.Seven.
D.Twenty.
5.Finally, Ann wants to save some money to buy .
A.new shoes for herself
B.new shoes for her parents
C.beautiful things for herself
D.beautiful things for her teacher
【答案】
1.D
2.A
3.C
4.D
5.B
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意:安因为父母不给她买新鞋子而伤心,Li小姐让她回家数一数父母的鞋子的数量,安发现父亲有三双鞋,母亲有四双鞋,而自己却有二十双鞋,她决定攒钱给父母买鞋子。
1.细节理解题,根据:“Ann answers, "I want to buy a new pair of shoes, but my parents don't have enough money." 安回答说:“我想买一双新鞋,但是我的父母没有足够的钱。
””,可知安娜不开心的原因是没有足够多的钱买鞋,故选:D
2.词义猜测题,句意:“今天我有一些作业给你-数一下你父母的鞋子,明天告诉我数量。
”,我们根据“tell me the number tomorrow.告诉我数量”,可以推断应该是数鞋子的数量,故选:A。
3.细节理解题。
根据:“Then Miss Li says, "Today I have some homework for you—count your parents' shoes and tell me the number tomorrow." 然后李老师说:“今天我有一些作业给你-数一下你父母的鞋子,明天告诉我数量。
””,故选:C。
4.细节理解题,根据:“"-How many pairs of shoes do you have?"-"Twenty." Ann's face turns red. “你有几双鞋?”“二十” 安的脸变红了。
”,故选:D。
5.细节理解题,根据:“I want to save(节省) some money to buy new shoes for my parents. 我想存点钱给父母买新鞋。
”,故选:B。
4.Today is November 8th .It’s Mary’s birthday. She is twelve. Jim, Kate and Bill are her friends. They want to buy some presents(礼物) for Mary. They go to the shop near the school. There are a lot of things in the shop. They buy a big cake,two boxes of color pencils, a pencil case and some nice exercise books. They want to buy two dolls for Mary, but all the dolls are too dear(贵).
1.Wh at’s the date today?
A.Nov. 9th. B.Dec.10th. C.Nov. 8th. D.November 9th.
2.How old is Mary today? _____.
A.12 B.13 C.14 D.15
3.Mary has ______ friends.
A.three B.four C.two D.only one
4._______ is near the school.
A.Their home B.A factory C.The shop D.The farm
5.They buy ______ for Mary.
A.a big cake B.two boxes of color pencils
C.a pencil case and some nice exercise books D.A, B and C
【答案】
1.C
2.A
3.A
4.C
5.D
【解析】
【分析】
今天是11月8号,是Mary 12岁的生日,她的三个朋友在学校附近的商店里给她买了很多礼物。
1.细节理解题。
根据短文的开头Today is November 8th .可知,今天的日
期是11月8号。
故应选C。
2.细节理解题。
根据短文中It’s Mary’s birthday. She is twelve.可知,今天
是Mary的生日,她12岁了。
由此可知应选A。
3.细节理解题。
根据短文中Jim, Kate and Bill are her friends.可知,Jim、Kate和Bill是Mary的朋友,由此可知她有三个朋友。
故选A。
4.细节理解题。
根据短文中They go to the shop near the school.可知,在学校附近有一个商店,因此商店在学校附近,故选C。
5.细节理解题。
根据短文中They buy a big cake,two boxes of color pencils, a pencil case and some nice exercise books.可知,Mary的三个朋友给她买了一个
大蛋糕、两盒彩色铅笔、一个铅笔盒和一些好看的练习本。
由此可知A、B和
C 加起来就是正确答案,故应选D。
点睛:这篇短文讲述了今天是Mary 12岁的生日,她的三个朋友给她买了
很多礼物。
短文内容贴近学生们的日常生活,所谈论的话题也是教材中的,学生们都比较熟悉,因此比较容易理解。
后面的题目也都是细节理解题,考查学生们运用阅读技巧,快速寻找信息的能力。
在每个题目中,我们可以先找到一个关键词,利用它来定位原文的细节,找到答案。
例如第1小题,问的是今天
的日期,那么我们应注意文章中有数字和月份的句子,在短文的开头第一句话说的就是今天的日期,可以很明显的找到答案。
再如第5小题,题目问的是他
们给Mary买了什么礼物,我们用buy作为关键词,看他们都买了什么东西,这句话出现在短文的最后,They buy ……,我们可以知道选项A、B和C加起来就是正确答案,故选D。
5. Dear Emma,
Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is a photo of my bedroom.
Look at the photo. A bed, a desk, a chair, a bookcase and a computer are in my bedroom. My bed is near the window. The desk is beside the bed and it’s orange. The chair is ne ar the desk. The bookcase is behind the desk and it’s black. An English dictionary and a Chinese dictionary are in the bookcase. My maths, English and Chinese books and the computer are on the desk. My pencil box is on the desk, too. My pens and rulers are in the pencil box. My schoolbag is on the chair. My brother’s white baseball and my sister’s computer game are under my bed, but you can’t see the baseball in the photo.
Yours,
Jack 1.It is a photo of ______ bedroom.
A.Emma’s B.Jack’s C.Jacks brothers D.Jack’s sister’s
2.The desk is ______.
A.behind the bed B.not in the room C.near the window
D.beside the bed
3.You can’t see ______ in the photo.
A.the maths book B.the baseball C.the English dictionary D.the computer
4.The bookcase in the photo is ______.
A.black B.white C.orange D.blue
5.Which of the following is NOT true (不正确)?
A.Two dictionaries are in the bookcase. B.The pens are in the pencil box.
C.The schoolbag is under the chair. D.The baseball is Jack’s brother’s.
【答案】
1.B
2.D
3.B
4.A
5.C
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析:这篇短文是Jack写给Emma的一封信,在信中,他给Emma介绍了自己卧室的照片。
照片中Jack的卧室里有一张床、一张桌子、一把椅子、一个书架和一台电脑。
Jack还介绍了卧室里的其他东西和他们的位置。
1.细节理解题。
根据短文的开头Here is a photo of my bedroom可知,在这封信中,Jack给Emma介绍的是他的卧室的照片。
故选B。
2.细节理解题。
根据短文第二段中The desk is beside(在旁边) the bed and it’s orange可知,桌子在床的旁边,是橘色的。
故选D。
3.细节理解题。
根据短文的最后but you can’t see the baseball in the photo.
可知,在这张照片中,你看不到棒球。
故选B。
4.细节理解题。
根据短文第二段中The bookcase is behind(在后面) the desk and it’s black.可知,书架在桌子的后面,是黑色的。
故选A。
5.推理判断题。
根据An English dictionary and a Chinese dictionary are in the bookcase可知,书架上有两本字典,故A说的是对的;根据My pens and rulers are in the pencil box可知,钢笔在文具盒里,故B也是对的;根据My brother’s white baseball and my sister’s computer game are under my bed,可知,棒球是Jack的哥哥的,故D也是对的。
根据My schoolbag is on the chair.可知,书包在椅子的上面,故C不对。
故选C。
考点:日常生活类短文阅读。