2英语中一致关系
高一英语《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹(含习题) 主谓一致

《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹知识要点:在英语的句子中,谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
如何判定,则要看句子的意思。
多数情况下,根据句子的主语形式就能判定,但有的则要看整句的意思,及强调的内容。
下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。
1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
如:1)The book is on the table.2)He is reading English.3)To work hard is necessary.(It is necessary to work hard.)4)How you get there is a problem.2、复数主语跟复数动词。
如:Children like to play toys.3、在倒装句中,动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。
如以here,there开头,be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。
如:1)There is a dog near the door.2)There were no schools in this area before liberation.3)Here comes the bus.4)On the wall were two famous paintings.5)Here is Mr. Brown and his children.4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语,谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。
如:1)Jane, Mary and I are good friends.2)He and my father work in the same factory.3)His sister, no less than you, is wrong.4)The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.5)He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.6)Every picture except these two has been sold.7)Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.8)Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.9)Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,and后面的名词没有冠词。
【高中英语语法】总结之二——主谓一致的分类

【高中】语法总结之二主谓一致的分类一、“不确定数量”的单词或短语作主语1.“all of,some of,half of,most of+名词或代词”作主语时,谓语动词由后面的名词或代词决定。
All of the cake has been eaten.蛋糕全吃完了。
(cake用单数)All of us are going to Sam’s party next week.下周我们都去参加山姆的聚会。
(us用复数)Half of the apples are rotten.一半的苹果烂了。
(apples用复数)Half of the apple is rotten.这苹果的一半烂了。
(apple用单数)Some of the work is really difficult.有部分工作的确很难。
(work用单数)Some of the problems we face today are the destruction of our environment. 当今我们面临的问题是环境的破坏。
(problems用复数)Most of my friends live abroad.我的朋友大多数住在国外。
(friends用复数)Most of the cheese is made from cow’s milk.这些奶酪大都是用牛奶做的。
(cheese用单数)2.“the rest of,the majority of+名词或代词”作主语时,谓语动词由后面的名词或代词决定。
The rest of the students are watering trees.其余的学生正在浇树。
(students用复数)The rest of the wine has gone bad.剩下的酒已经变质了。
(wine用单数)The majority of the damage is easy to repair.这次的大部分损害容易补救。
高考英语语法考点难点解析:主谓一致

高考英语语法考点难点解析:主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上须保持一致。
道理虽然简单,但其牵涉到的要点繁多,出现的形式多样,并可以各种题型出现,故不可忽视。
●难点磁场1.(★★★★)—Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons________ to go to university.—So do I.A.hopeB.hopesC.hopingD.hoped2.(★★★★★)Either you or the headmaster________ the prize for these gifted students at the meeting.(北京2001二模)A.is handing inB.are to hand outC.are handing inD.is to hand out3.(★★★★)A library with five thousand books________ to the nation as a gift.A.is offeredB.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered4.(★★★★★)His family________ a big one.When I came to see him last night,his family________watching TV.A.is;wasB.was;wereC.is;wereD.are;were5.(★★★★★)The poor________ helped by government programs,________?(2001武汉二模)A.is;isn’t itB.is;isn’t heC.are;aren’t theyD.are;haven’t they6.(★★★★)As a result of destroying the forest,a large________ of desert________ covered the land.(2001上海高考)A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have7.(★★★★★)The teacher and writer________ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were8.(★★★★)When and where to build the new factory________ yet.A.is not decidedB.are not decidedC.has not decidedD.have not decided9.(★★★★★)Many people say 10 000________ a lot of money.A.dollar isB.dollars areC.dollars isD.dollar are10.(★★★★)The number of people invited________ fifty,but a number of them________ absent for different reasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were11.(★★★★★)All that can be done________.A.has been doneB.have been doneC.have doneD.has done12.(★★★★★)More than one________ injured in the car accident.A.have beenB.has beenC.areD.have13.(★★★★)Four -fifths of the workers here________ ________ workers.A.is womanB.are womanC.are womenD.is women14.(★★★★)To give________ to receive.A.meansB.meanC.isD.are15.(★★★★★)His “selected poems”________ in 1955.A.were first publishedB.was first publishedC.have been first publishedD.had been first published●案例探究1.More than________ of the workers________ from Paris.A.ten percents;isB.ten percent;areC.three times;wasD.percents ten;comes命题意图:考查分数、百分数的表示法及此时的主谓一致,本题属四星级题。
第二讲 主谓一致(高考英语语法复习)

由“a lot of , (lots of, plenty of, the rest of ) +名词”
构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成
的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中
后面名词是否可数而定。
Three-fourths of the surface is sea .
问题7:
All but one_____here just now . (2019 NMET)
安徽省青阳中学 周美灵
主谓一致
在线课堂501/502班 2020.2.11
高考考点分析
1、用and连接两个并列成分; 2、介词with伴随主语; 3、就近原则; 4、各种代词的主谓一致; 5、短语和从句作主语; 6、定语从句中的主谓一致。
问题 1: When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. (NMET)
B) All that can be done has been done . All have gone to the park .
问题8:
He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years. (上海春季)
(一)谓语动词常用复数的情况
1)主语为复数名词或代词 The teachers are respected in the world.
2) 当people , police, cattle 等集体名词作主语,形式上 为单数而意义却是复数,谓语用复数
The police are looking for the sing child.
主谓一致(第一、+二讲)课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习

• Mathematics is the study of numbers.
• 3)以-s结尾的地理名称
• 如果是国名,如the United States, the United Nations(UN)联合国, the Netherlands(荷兰),尽管带有复数词尾,但是单一政治实体, 故作单数用。
• 有时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语,这就叫做 就近原则。
• Either my brothers or my father is coming.
• No one except his own supporters agree with him.
• 二、本身以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题 • 1)以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称,通常为单数 • Mumps(腮腺炎) is a kind of infectious disease(传染病)。 • Darts(投镖游戏) is essentially(本质上) a free and easy game. • essentially=in essence • 但也有个别表示游戏名称的名词作复数用 • Cards(打纸牌) are not allowed here. • 2) 以-ics结尾的学科名称:physics, mathematics, politics都用作单
• 三、以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题
• 1)通常用作复数的集体名词:people, cattle
• Domestic cattle provide us with milk and beef. • 2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词:equipment, furniture,
merchandise(商品) • 3) 既可作单数也可复数的集体名词,如:audience, committee,
(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。
2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。
(1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。
主数,用数;主复数,用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。
主数,用数;主复数,用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。
并列主的一致1.And(1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体,用数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。
every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数。
(5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近的主一致。
高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语

高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致.主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料,快来学习学习吧!高中英语语法专题主谓一致一. 就近原则:在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中,谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例: 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.二. 集合名词做主语,指成员时,谓语用复数;指团体,组织时,谓语用单数:如:class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。
例:1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例: 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。
二。名词和主谓一致(高考英语语法复习)

二.名词和主谓一致1.名词的数(1).常见的不可数名词:advice.news.progress.money.furniture.fun.equipment.weather.luck rmation.bread.medicine.clothing.wealth. sope.rice这些词在使用中不可乱套汉语而使用复数或加不定冠词(2).有些名词通常只用作复数。
如:glasses.clothes.trousers(裤子).ashes(灰尘).congrstulations.in high spirit(以很高的热情).It is good manners to do sth.(做某事有礼貌)(3).有些名词既可以作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但意义不同。
Workun.工作cn.作品,著作roomun.空间cn.房间Experience un.经验cn.经历paperun.纸cn.论文、试卷、文件(4).名词的修饰词只能修饰可数名词的有:each,either,neither, another, these, Those,both, (a)few, several, many, agreat/good many, dozens of等只能修饰不可数名词的有:(a)little, much, a bit of, a great dealof, a large amount of 等。
既可修饰可数又可修饰不可数的有:some, any, half, most, all, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, quantities of 等。
2.名词的单复数(1).绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces(2).凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
高考英语 主谓一致用法详解

主谓一致主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。
本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
汉英翻译中的重复问题探究

汉英翻译中的重复问题探究付迎雪【摘要】Repetition was an important means of cohesion in Chinese which possesses plenty of reduplication words .This feature of Chi-nese is closely connected with the phonetic characteristics of the Chinese language and thinking patterns of the Chinese people .In con-trast, substitution serves as the main vehicle for cohesion in English and repetition is on the whole utilized for the purposes of empha -sis, clarity and rhetoric.Apart from"explicit repetitions", there are abundant implicit repetitions in Chinese .If this distinction is neg-lected, redundancy will appear in C-E translation, especially when the deep meaning of the Chinese source text is not considered thor-oughly, reducing readability of the translation .This article explores the differences and causes in the employment of repetition in Eng -lish and Chinese and suggests possible ways to deal with this difference in C -E translation.%重复在汉语中是一种重要的语篇衔接手段,除此之外汉语还有着丰富的叠词。
英文写作中常用的逻辑词汇(CommonlogicalwordsinEnglishWriting)

英文写作中常用的逻辑词汇(Common logical words in EnglishWriting)1。
并列关系此外,除此之外,同样,此外,还有,例如,更重要的是,例如2。
转折关系虽然,然而,相反的,但是,尽管如此,然而,,否则,尽管三.顺序关系第一,二,第三,等等,然后,后,前,下4。
因果关系因此,因此,由于这个原因,因此,因此,因此,由于5。
归纳关系因此,最后,因此,总之,因此,总之,总之,总之,一个词。
几个用得比较多的句子:就我而言,……的优点大于缺点。
然而……的缺点是不可否认的。
总的来说/总之/简而言之/一句话,……是真的,结果是正面的,也有负面的。
但我们可以努力使消极影响降到最低程度。
显然,在各个方面,…图表之间的比较明确和…至于其他三个,虽然增长率不高,但确实令人印象深刻。
英文作文中常用套句下文中出现的A,B,“…”(某事物),“某人”(某人),要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换。
开头:当谈到……时,有人认为…今天有一场公开辩论…是一种常见的方式…,但这种做法明智吗?最近这个问题已经成了焦点。
提出观点:现在人们越来越意识到…现在是我们探索真理的时候了…历史上这种问题更加明显。
进一步提出观点:…但这只是历史的一部分。
另一个同样重要的方面是…A只是众多效果中的一个。
另一个是…此外,其他原因是…提出假想例子的方式:假设…试想一下,如果…期待是合理的…这并不奇怪…举普通例子:例如(例如),……比如A、B、C等等(等等)一个很好的例子是…这是一个特别的例子…引用:最伟大的早期作家之一说…“知识就是力量”,这是remard…“……”。
这是某人的评论(批评/表扬…)。
“……”。
我们经常听到这样的话吗?。
讲故事(先说故事主体),这个故事并不罕见。
…,在日常生活中我们经常会遇到这样的困境。
…,故事仍然具有现实意义。
提出原因:原因有很多…为什么....一件事,…这个问题的答案涉及很多因素。
任何对此问题的讨论都不可避免地涉及到…第一个原因可以明显看出。
高考英语主谓一致知识点图文解析(2)

高考英语主谓一致知识点图文解析(2)一、选择题1.John as well as the other children who ______ no parents ______ good care of in the centre at present.A.has; is taken B.have; are taken C.have; is taken D.has; are taken 2.Forest as well as other children who _______certain disabilities _______down on at school. A.have; are being looked B.have; are lookingC.has; is looking D.have; is being looked .3.Wine is the world's favorite drink enjoyed on almost every occasion where greattimes_________ with friends.A.are being shared B.is shared C.shares D.share4.When and where we shall bulid a larger home for the aged ________ to be discussed by the local government.A.remains B.remain C.is remained D.are remaining 5.The father,along with his four children,_____hangzhou.When they will be back_____fixed. A.have gone to;isn’t B.had gone to;is not C.went to;aren’t D.has gone to;has not been6.We believe ________ you have been devoted to ________ naturally of great necessity. A.that; being B.all that; beC.that all; are D.what; is7.The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A.suggest B.suggests C.suggested D.suggesting8.A famous dancer and singer ________ invited to the party and it was a great success.A.was B.were C.is D.are9.About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people.A.third-fifths; are B.three-fifths; are C.three-fifths; is D.third-fifths; is 10.Please feel free to tell me if you don’t think two days’ holid ay _____ enough.A.is B.was C.are D.were11.As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us.A.present B.are presenting C.are presented D.have presented 12.It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area.A.are being built B.were being builtC.was being built D.is being built13.A large quantity of water _________ polluted in the past twenty years across China.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been 14.—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _____ to lead the group _____ asked to be at theschool gate before 6:30 in the morning.A.is; is B.are; are C.are; is D.is; are 15.Regular exercise along with proper diets____our health in the long term.A.benefits B.has benefited C.benefit D.have benefited 16.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city _________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.A.is B.are C.was D.were17.More than one of his classmates who often _______ voluntary work in the local community _____ been awarded by the government.A.does; has B.does; have C.do; has D.do; have18.The father along with his children ______ solving word puzzles.A.are like B.is like C.like D.likes19.When the sun’s rays hit the earth, a lot of heat ______________ back into spaceA.are reflected B.is reflectedC.reflects D.were reflected20.More than one passenger ________ injured in the air crash.A.were B.is C.are D.was21.The explorer along with several colleagues ______ to the annual ceremony to talk about their experience.A.invites B.invited C.was invited D.were invited 22.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good land ______ each year.A.is washing away B.are washing awayC.is being washed away D.are being washed away23.The number of people, who have access to their own cars, ______ sharply in the past decade. A.rose B.is rising C.have risen D.has risen24.— Why is the chemical plant closed?— Because large quantities of waste water ______ into the Yangtze River.A.has been released B.is being releasedC.was released D.have been released25.— How does Jane put on so much weight?— Large quantities of fat ____ recently.A.are consumed B.is being consumed C.has been consumed D.have been consumed【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致。
2016考研英语二真题及答案详解

2016考研英语二真题及答案详解下面店铺为大家带来2016考研英语二真题及答案详解,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence__1__firm’s work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.__7__enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales –and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even afteraccounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors__13__to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share 20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out1. [标准答案] [C]how[考点分析] 连词辨析[选项分析] 根据语境,“新发现表明:快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。
英语主谓一致的三个原则

英语主谓一致的三个原则1. 形式一致的原则一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:(1) He likes skating in winter. 他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much. 艾利斯看了很多书。
(3)They don’t live here. 他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。
如:(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match. 在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home. 我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class. 我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如:(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room. 他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room. 他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there. 要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
(4) Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there. 是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去几个容易弄错的主谓一致问题1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语谓语动词的数通常用单数(即遵循语法一致的原则):Many a child was playing there. 很多小孩在那儿玩。
主谓一致Subject-verb agreement

Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences. 1.The population in China is (is / are) very
large.
2. 80% of the population live (live) in the rural areas. 3. Our family is (is / are) not poor any more. 4. He has to hurry. His family are (is / are) waiting for him. 5. The class is (is / are) more than forty in number.
3. 主语为to do/ -ing/主语从句时, +V(单数)
What he is doing seems very important. Serving the people is my great happiness. 注: 1) When and why he has gone to America is still unknown. 2) Where he was from and why he came
2. 代词none 作主语时, 若指代数字或可数名词,+V 单复皆可 若指代不可数名词,+ V单数 None of the students has/have made mistakes this time. (have) None of us is/are interested in your new subject. (be) Jimmy has used up all the money. None is left. (be)
第二讲:英语主谓“三一致”原则

4.如主语之后有 like, with, together with, but, except, besides, as well as 等词连接引导的(介 词)短语(注:这些短语常可移置句首或句尾)时, 谓语的数与其前面的主语保持一致。
Ten minutes ___i_s__ (be) enough.
One dollar and seventy eight cents __is___ (be) what she has.
Fifty miles ___i_s__ not far by car.
9. all 用作主语指代人物时,一般看作复数,谓语
3.在陈述句中,如两个主语由 not only… but a1lso, or, either…or, neither…nor 等所连 接,谓语动词与第二个主语保持一致;如 陈述句改为疑问句,则句首助动词的数与 其相邻的主语的数相同。比较如下例句:
Either he or I __a_m__ (be) to go there.
语法一致
语法一致
语法一致
One fifth of the workers in the factory are women.
内容一致
内容一致
内容一致
Bread & butter is my favorite for lunch.
午餐我最喜欢吃面包抹黄油。
内容一致
内容一致
quite a
体,谓语动词用单数;如果所指为其中的成员,谓 语用复数。如 audience, committee, class (班级), crew (全体船员或机组人员), family, government, public (公众)等,但 people, police, cattle 等用作主语时只 能后接复数动词。
主谓一致 知识总结归纳

主谓一致知识总结归纳(一)概述:主语与谓语的一致:在英语表达中,谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。
主要体现在be动词,助动词do, have 以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。
谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。
名词或代词做主语有人称和单,复数之分,动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式,而动词的复数形式即动词的原形。
例句:1. I am seventeen, and he is sixteen.2. There is a desk in the room, but there are no chairs in it.3. John gets up at six o’clock every morning.4. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games ?5. The family are sitting at the breakfast table.(二)语法一致:1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例句:①My brother and I have both seen that film.②Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.④Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R’s.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式。
例句:①The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.②War and peace is a constant theme in history.③One more knife and fork is needed.④The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.⑤Law and order has been established.⑥Bread and butter is our daily food.⑦Fish and chips is a popular fast food.⑧The stars and stripes is the national flag of U.S.A.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
英语关联词大全 (2)

英语关联词大全1. 引言在学习英语的过程中,了解和掌握一些常用的英语关联词是非常重要的。
关联词是连接不同句子、段落和观点的桥梁,它们能够使我们的语言更加流畅、连贯。
本文将介绍一些常用的英语关联词,帮助读者更好地运用它们。
2. 添加信息的关联词2.1. 并列关联词并列关联词用于在一个句子中列举相同或者平行的观点、事实或者行动。
常见的并列关联词有:•and: 表示并列、递进关系。
例如:“I like to read books, and I also enjoy watching movies.”•also: 用于在加强一个陈述或者观点的同时提供更多相关信息。
例如:“He is not only smart, but also kind.”•as well as: 表示除了某个事物之外,还有其他的事物。
例如:“She speaks French as well as English.”2.2. 递进关联词递进关联词用于在一个句子中表达递进的关系,即一个观点或者事实在之前的基础上增加了更多的信息。
常见的递进关联词有:•moreover: 表示进一步的信息,提供与之前相似的更多细节。
例如:“The weather is nice today. Moreover, it’s a perfect day for a picnic.”•furthermore: 用于在之前陈述的基础上增加更多事实或者信息。
例如:“He didn’t pass the test. Furthermore, he didn’t even study for it.”•in addition: 用于在之前已有的内容上增加额外的信息。
例如:“I like swimming. In addition, I enjoy playing b asketball.”2.3. 转折关联词转折关联词用于在一个句子中表达相反或者对立的观点或者事实。
英语句子中的就近原则

英语句子中的就近原则英语句子中,主语的“人称”和“数”要限制,决定谓语动词的形式变化,这就叫“主谓一致”关系。
它通常依据三项原则:1)语法一致; 2)意义一致; 3)就近一致。
【语法一致原则】I .主语的“人称”决定谓语动词的形式。
e.g.①I love / She loves music . 我/ 她爱好音乐。
②Are your mother a worker ? (误)你母亲是工人吗?Is your mother a worker ?(正)(主语your mother 是单数第三人称)II .主语的“数”决定谓语动词的形式。
1.“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)”或“从句”等作主语,用单数谓语形式。
e.g.①The work is important . 这项工作重要。
②To serve the country is our duty . 为祖国服务是我们的义务。
③How and why he left was a sad story . 他离开的经过和原因是一段伤心的经历。
2. 复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。
e.g.①The children are taken good care of . 孩子们得到很好的照料。
②They have gone to Chengdu . 他们去成都了。
II. 以“and ”或“both? and”连接的并列主语:1.通常作复数用。
e.g.①Plastics and rubber neve r rot . 塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。
②What he says and what he does do not agree. 他言行不一致。
③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine . 我和汤姆都喜欢医学。
2. 如果并列主语指的是“同一个”人(事、物、抽象概念),作单数用。
e.g.①The worker and writer has come . 这位工人作家来了。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
英语中的一致关系及省略和倒装的用法第一部分:语法讲解所谓一致关系就是在英语句子中各个成分之间必须在人称、性、数等方面保持一定的语法关系。
一致关系必须遵循三个原则:即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
语法一致:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词为复数形式。
如:The number of mistakes was surprising.错误的数量很惊人。
Jane and Mary look healthy and strong.简和玛丽看起来很健康也很强壮。
意义一致:主语形式虽为单数,意义为复数,谓语动词要用复数形式。
如:My family are having super now.我们一家人正在吃晚饭。
主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词要用单数形式。
如:Thirty dollars is too expensive for the dictionary.这本词典30美元太贵了。
就近一致:谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且学生也喜欢踢足球。
一致关系包括:主语和谓语的一致、名词和代词的一致、主语与状语逻辑主语的一致和同等成分的一致等。
一、主语和谓语的一致1. 名词作主语1)集合名词作主语时,如果表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中的个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:The audience was enormous.观众人数很多。
The audience were enjoying every minute of it.观众们正津津有味地欣赏着它。
常见的这部分词有:family, group, staff, army, board, class, committee, crew, government等2)有些集合名词,如:cattle, folk, people, police, youth等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。
如:The police are looking for the lost child.警察在寻找失踪的孩子。
3)单、复数同形的名词作主语,应根据意义来决定谓语形式。
如:There are five sheep on the farm.农场里有五只绵羊。
4)若复数是书名、片名、剧名、格言、报名、国名等形式,其谓语动词常用单数形式。
如:Great expectations was written by Dickens in 1860.《远大前程》是狄更斯于1860年写的。
5)名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般指商店、工厂等,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
如:The doctor’s is near the school.大夫的诊所在学校附近。
6)只有复数形式的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
这类名词有:shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, glasses等。
但如果主语由a pair of, a kind of, a series of 等修饰时,谓语用单数。
如:A pair of shoes was in the box.鞋在盒子里。
7)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间等复数名词,往往根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。
如:Three years has passed.三年过去了。
Four hundred miles is a long distance.四百英里是一段长距离。
8)不定代词each, every, no, either, neither 等修饰的名词,即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
如:Every man has his faults.每个人都有缺点。
No clothes and no food is difficult to live.没有衣食很难生存。
9)如果主语有m ore than one…或many a 构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式。
如:More than one student has seen the film.不止一个学生看过那部电影。
Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.许多船只在那次暴风雪当中遭到破坏。
但是在“more than +复数名词”或“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词用复数。
如:More than 30 students have seen the film.有30多个学生看过这部电影。
More members than one are against your plan.超过一个以上的成员反对你的计划。
10)both, many, a few, few, several等限定词修饰主语时,谓语要用复数形式。
如:Both these films are boring.这两部电影都没有意思。
11)主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数与其后的主语一致。
如:Between the two windows hangs a picture.在两个窗户间挂着一幅画。
12)“the+形容词”结构充当主语时,如表示一类可数的人或事物,用复数谓语;如表示一类不可数的事物或少数过去分词与定冠词连用指个别人,则用单数。
如:The rich are for the plan, but the poor are against it.富人赞成这个计划,而穷人反对这个计划。
The departed was a well-known engineer.死者是一位非常著名的工程师。
2. 代词作主语1)all, most, none, some等代词作主语,要遵循意义一致的原则,即:其谓语动词的单、复数形式要根据他们所替代的词的含义来确定。
如:All of my classmates work hard.我们班所有同学都很用功。
All of the water is gone.所有的水都用光了。
2)由代词each, every one, no one, either, neither,以及复合不定代词anything, something等作主语,谓语都用单数。
如:Each of the twenty guests was given a present.给20位客人每人赠送一份礼物。
Someone wants to see you.有人要见你。
3)表示数量的不定代词much, little作主语,谓语动词使用单数;而many, few作主语,谓语动词用复数。
如:Much of our food comes from plants.我们的许多食物来自植物。
Only the few are likely to enjoy this music.只有那少数几个人可能喜欢这音乐。
3. 有连接词连接的名词或代词作主语1)用both…and或and连接的并列主语,谓语动词用复数如:Both the secretary and manager have agreed to be present.书记和经理都同意出席。
注:但是,由and连接的并列主语如果指的是一个人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语用单数。
这时后面的可数名词没有冠词。
如:The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作家来了。
2)当名词或代词后面是with, as well as, along with, together with, but, except, in addition to, rather than等连词作主语,谓语动词一般和前一名词或代词的人称和数一致。
如:Dr. Green, together with his wife and two sons, has just left and will return at fouro’clock.格林博士及其夫人和两个儿子一起刚刚离开,将于4点回来。
3)由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词或代词作主语,谓语动词要符合就近一致的原则,即要与邻近的主语一致。
如: Either the principal or his assistants are to attend the meeting. 要么校长要么他的助手们得去参加会议。
4. 数词、量词作主语1)分数或百分数+of+名词构成短语作主语,谓语形式是用单数还是复数取决于他们表示的意义。
用法类似的结构还有half of, a lot of, plenty of, a large quantity of, the rest of等如:Half of the students have read the novel.一半学生读过这本小说。
Half of the food is unfit to eat. 一半的事物不能吃了。
There is plenty of wine in the bottle.瓶里还有不少的酒。
There are plenty of books on the shelf.书架中有很多书。
2)the number of+可数名词,the amount of+不可数名词,the quantity of+可数名词或不可数名词的短语作主语,谓语用单数。
如:The number of the pages in this book is 500.这本书的页码是500页。
The quantity of books in the library is amazing.图书馆书的数量是令人惊讶的。
二、名词与代词的一致关系代词与其所代替或修饰的名词(或代词)在人称或性别上必须保持一致。
如:Each of the students was required to translate the poem by himself. 要求每个学生能够独立把这首诗翻译出来。
Every doctor must know both medical theory and techniques so that he can apply them in helping his patients.每一位医生必须既懂得医学理论,又懂得医学技术,这样才能将它们用于帮助自己的病人。
注:1)在英语中,国家、船只等事物的名词一般被看为阴性的,所以常用she, her来代替。
如:France has decided to increase her trade with China.法国决定增加其对华贸易。