大学英语四级模拟测试(一)(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
大学英语四级测验模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
大学英语四级测验模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choiceof refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying ove rhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, te chnology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themsel ves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps chang e the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positive B) negative C) factual D) critical Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a res ponsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered fina ncial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags t o riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was a n unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success wi thout much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial suc cess is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be e ven more complex than today's world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in general B) Americans' attitudesC) higher education D) American education27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictory C) ambitious D) unclear28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public education C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be specializedC) we are entering an age of informationD) we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Education.C) The Future of the American Educational System.D) Attitudes toward American Education. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.A growing world population and the discoveries of science may alter this pa ttern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, co ntrol floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; andin consequence the population of the world is steadily increasing. In 1925 ther e were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be brought u nder cultivation, or land already farmed made to yield larger crops. In some ar eas the accessible land is so intensively cultivated that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farmin g methods. Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industri al occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern metho ds. There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the outpu t of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of cro ps are being developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates: there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle in Siberia and North America; irrigation and dr y-farming methods bring arid lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to ensure water for the fields in all seasons and to provide el ectric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to s uit particular soils; aeroplanes spray crops to destroy locusts and many plant diseases. Every year some new means is devised to increase or to protect the fo od of the world.31. The author says that the world population is growing because _____.A) there are many rich valleys and fertile plainsB) the pattern of distribution is being alteredC) people are living longerD) new land is being brought under cultivation32. The author says that in densely populated areas the land might be more productively farmed if _____.A) the plots were subdividedB) a large part of the people moved to a different part of the countryC) industrial methods were used in farmingD) the units of land were made much larger33. We are told that there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has been made possible by _____.A) producing new strains of cropsB) irrigation and dry-farming methodsC) providing fertilizersD) destroying pests and disease34. Which of these words is nearest in meaning to the word "strains"?A) types B) sizes C) seeds D) harvests35. The author's main purpose is to _____.A) argue for a belief B) describe a phenomenonC) entertain D) propose a conclusion Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatu res-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, no t otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways th at produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning th e head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned respon se with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as you ng as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movem ent "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of lear ning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to wat ch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display c ame on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights wh ich pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.36. According to the author, babies learn to do things which . A) are direc tly related to pleasure B) will meet their physical needsC) will bring them a feeling of success D) will satisfy their curiosity37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movements without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in o rder to .A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"B) the sight of the lights was interestingC) they need not turn back to watch the lightsD) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something i s a reflection of .A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC) their strong desire to solve complex problemsD) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skillsPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each senten ce there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer S heet with a single line through the center.41. It's the in this country to go out and pick flower on the first day of spring.A) case B) custom C) habit D) precedent42. He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the .A) hire B) fare C) rent D) salary43. I've made an for you to see the dentist at 5 o'clock tomorrow.A) appointment B) interview C) opportunity D) assignation44. The house was poorly built; for , the roof leaked.A) short B) certain C) one thing D) sure45. the weather is concerned, I do not think it matters.A) So long as B) So far as C) As long as D) So far46. The continuous rain set the harvesting of wheat by two weeks.A) off B) back C) down D) about47. The helicopter hovered the trees.A) in B) over C) down D) up48.The mother made a shirt for the boy out of the of the cloth.A) odd and end B) odd and ends C) odds and end D) odds and ends49. Let's get this old barn. It's of no use to us.A) over B) ready C) rid of D) used to50. George's ability to learn from observations and experience greatly to h is success in public life.A) owed B) contributed C) attached D) related51. I asked him where my sister was, and he the store across the street.A) nodded B) indicated C) figured D) guessed52. They are staying with us the time being until they find a place of thei r own.A) during B) for C) since D) in53. 100 competitors had the race.A) put their names for B) entered forC) put themselves for D) taken part54. He me by two games to one.A) beat B) conquered C) gained D) won55. They have put the bird in a cage to it from flying away.A) avoid B) prevent C) forbid D) control56. In recent years, new buildings have up like mushrooms in the city.A) jumped B) sprung C) leapt D) put57. I from among the crowd an old friend of mine whom I hadn't seen for ten years.A) figured out B) picked out C) realized D) picked over58. I thought he'd never anything, but it's turned out that I was wrong.A) arrive B) amount to C) reach for D) add to59. He managed to pay off his debts.A) anyhow or other B) anyhow or anotherC) somehow or other D) somehow or another60. You'd better not Mr. Ganz. He may get angry.A) play a joke on B) play outC) play into the hands of D) play at61. We existed on nothing but the necessities.A) empty B) bare C) hollow D) undressed62. The seasons change, independent anyone's wishes.A) on B) to C) with D) of63. The mail was for two days because of the snowstorm.A) misled B) lost C) delayed D) damaged64. He has been absent class for quite some time.A) in B) for C) with D) from65. I owe a great deal my parents and teachers.A) to B) for C) toward D) of66. We must manage to do our work better with people.A) less money and few B) less money and fewerC) little money and less D) few money and less67. Mr. Black is to our English evening.A) more pleased than to come B) more pleased to come thanC) more than pleased to come D) more pleasing than to come68. You that car with the brakes out of order. You might have had a serious accident.A) ought to drive B) oughtn't do driveC) ought to have driven D) oughtn't to have driven69. If it for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.A) is not B) weren't C) was not D) be not70. If only we as we were told! This would never have happened.A) would do B) had done C) do D) didPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank th ere are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that b est fits into the passage.Everyone ___71___ of the President of the US ___72___ the most powerful man in ___73___. But when the representatives of the 13 former British colonies __ _74___ to draw up the constitution of the new country ___75___ 1788, ___76___ o f them were not sure whether they ___77___ to have a President at all. There we re even ___78___ who ___79___ a king, ___80___ their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt ___81___ the last moment. One group wanted ___82___ for life, while ___83___ suggested that ___84___ not be a President, because a Committee would govern the country better; a third gr oup ___85___ a President ___86___ term of office would last seven years but who could not stand for reelection, because they were afraid he would spend his ti me ___87___ votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Washington as President for four years and let him ___88___ for reelection because they t rusted him. But they were ___89___ to make rules in case a future President ___ 90___ badly and these rules were used to get rid of President Nixon two hundred s years later.71. A) use to think B) think C) thinks D) uses to think72. A) to be B) being C) like D) as73. A) western world B) the western world C) accident D) the accident74. A) found B) met C) encountered D) put together75. A) at B) by C) on D) in76. A) a number B) a great deal C) a large amount D) the most77. A) should B) would C) needed D) must78. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little79. A) had preferred B) would have preferredC) should have preferred D) were preferring80. A) although B) however C) nevertheless D) in spite of81. A) until B) as far as C) so far as D) by82. A) that the President was elected B) that the President would be electe dC) to elect the PresidentD) to be elected the President83. A) another B) other C) the other D) some other84. A) it should B) it would C) there should D) there would85. A) would have liked B) would rather C) would like D) would be liking86. A) that's B) whose C) which D) of which87. A) looking for B) to look for C) to look at D) looking at88. A) stand B) to stand C) be standing D) that he stood89. A) so careful B) too careful C) careful enough D) enough careful90. A) would carry B) carried C) would behave D) behavedPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compos ition on the topic "The Expenses of an Average Worker". You should study the fo llowing table carefully and base your composition on the outlines given below. You should write at least 100 words.1. The changes in the worker's expenses from 1990 to 2000.2. The possible reasons for the changes.3. My prediction.The Expenses of an Average Worker2015年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷参考答案(第一套）21-25. DBACC 26-30. DBABD 31. CDAAA 36-40. CCADA41-45. BCACB 46-50. BBDCB 51-55. BBBAB 56-60. BBBCA61-65. BDCDA 66-70. BCDBB 71-75. CDBBD 76-80. ACBBD81-85. ACACC 86-90. BAACC。
大学英语四级试卷模拟一试卷答案对照版
大学英语四级试卷模拟一试卷答案对照版CET-4 Test 1 Part 1 Reading Comprehension(35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It was once believed that being overweight was healthy, but nowadays few people subscribe to this viewpoint. While many people are fighting the battle to reduce weight, studies are being conducted concerning the appetite and how it is controlled by both emotional and biochemical factors. Some of the conclusions of these studies may give insights into how to deal with weight problems. For example, when several hundred people were asked about their eating habits in times of stress, 44 percent said they reacted to stressful situations by eating. Further investigations with both humans and animals indicated that it is not food which relieves tension but rather the act of chewing.A test in which subjects were blindfolded showed that obese(肥胖)people have a keener sense of taste and crave （渴望） more flavorful food than non-obese people. When deprived of the variety and intensity of tastes, obese people are not satisfied and consequently eat more tofulfill this need. Blood samples taken from people after they were shown a picture of food revealed that overweight people reacted with an increase in blood insulin（胰岛素）, a chemical associated with appetite. This did not happen to average-weight people.In another experiment, results showed that certain people have aspecific, biologically induced hunger for carbohydrate（糖类）.Eating carbohydrates raises the level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain. Enough serotonin produces a sense of satiation（满足),and hunger for carbohydrates subsides.Exercise has been recommended as an important part of a weigh-loss program. However, It has been found that mild exercise, such as using the stairs instead of the elevator,is better in the long run than taking on a strenuous program, such as jogging, which many people find difficult to continue over long periods of time and which also increase appetite.1. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A) overweight people are tenseB) thin people don't eat when under stressC) weight watchers should chew on something inedible when tenseD) 56 percent of the population isn't overweight.2. According to the passage, insulin _______.A) increases in the bloodstream when people eat large amounts of foodB) can be used to lessen the appetiteC) causes a chemical reaction when food is seenD) levels don't change in average-weight people who see food3. In order to lose weight, it would be a good idea for heavy people to _______.A) jog 3 miles daily and chew on carrot sticksB) avoid stressful situations and have control over theireating habitsC) eat plenty of chewy carbohydratesD) walk up stairs and look at pictures of food4. Which of the following exercises might be best for an overweight person to engage in daily?A) An evening walkB) A long swimC) Cross-country skiingD) 10-mile bicycle rides5. What can be said about serotonin?A) It is a chemical that increases the appetite.B) Only certain people produce it in their brains.C) It tells the brain when a person is full.D) It neurotransmits carbohydrates to the brain. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: Washington Irving was America's first man of letters to be knowninternationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was, in fact, one of themost successful writers of his time in either country,delighting a large general public and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. The respect in which he was held was partly owing to the man himself, with his warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, has artistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the new. Thackeray describedIrving as "a gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, was most finished, polished, witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans." In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford-- an unusual honorfor a citizen of a young, uncultured nation--- and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature; America made him ambassador to Spain.Irving's background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gift but deliberate child, he had little schooling, He studied law, but without zeal, and never did practise seriously. He was immune to his strict Prebyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings andthe theatre.6. The main point of the first paragraph is that WashingtonIrving was ______.A) America's first man of lettersB) a great writer who was successful in his own country and other parts of the world as wellC) a man who won the respect of other writers because ofhishigh social statusD) a man who was able to move from literature to politics7. What is implied by the comment about Scott, Poe and Hawthorne?A) Irving's great popularity resulted in the admiration of Scott, Poe and Hawthorne.B) More Americans than Britains admired Irving.C) Irving's work was not only popular, but also of high literary quality.D) Irving's success was attributed to his family background.8. What can be said about Irving's law career?A) He only began to practice law late in life.B) He spent very little time working as a lawyer.C) He never practiced law although he studied it .D) He worked as a lawyer with great enthusiasm.9. Why did Thackeray think that Irving's social grace was unusual?A) Because Irning's degree was honorable and unusual.B) Because his parents were not aristocratic.C) Because he had good sense and gay spirits.D) Because he often exhibited warm friendiness.10. Which of the following best describes the effect ofIrving's Presbyterian background on his life?A) It had almost no effect on his life.B) It promoted his interest in law.C) It fostered his love for literature.D) It enabled him to become a successful writer.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Time spent in bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. Whatever the person , you can soon become totally in awareof your surroundings. You soon become engrossed（全神贯注)in some books, and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent far too much time there and mustdash off to keep some forgotten appointment --- without buying a book,of course.This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think,the main attraction of a bookshop. A music shop is very like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your heart's content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greeting:" Can I help you, sir?" You Needn't buy anything you don't want. In a bookshop, an assistant should remain in the backgrounduntil you have finished browsing（游览）.Then, and only then, are his services necessary.You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass-rubbing -- something which had only vaguely interested you up until then. This volume on the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interestingthat you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section tosection.Booksellers must be both long-suffering and indulgent（宽容）.11. You may be unaware of the time passing by in a bookshop because ______.A) you want to escape the reality of everyday lifeB) you have to finish browsing one of the booksC) you don't want to waste your moneyD) you have to make sure you don't buy a dull book as a present12. In a good bookshop _______.A) the shop assistant greets you in a friendly wayB) you feel obliged to buy one of the booksC) your heart is contentedD) no shop assistant will approach you unless his service is called13. It is very unwise to enter a bookshop and buy ______.A) a best-selling novel on brass-rubbingB) a book on ancient coinsC) a book on the subject that vaguely interests youD) a book well illustrated and expensive14. According to the writer, the best way to escape the realities of routine life is _____.A) to have a long chat with assistant in a bookshopB) to stay in a bookshop, being absorbed in reading books of various kindsC) to buy a best-selling novel to readD) to wander about in the streets15. The best title of this selection would be632A) On buying booksB) Bookshops and AssistantsC) Booklovers and BookshopsD) How to Escape the Realities of Everyday Life in a BookshopQuestions 16 to 20 are on the following passage:Social change is more likely to occur in societies where thereis a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies wherepeople are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society, There are more ideas,disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizationswith different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greaterworldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people arequite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change becauseeverything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.Within a society, social change is also likely to occur morefrequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technologyrather than in values; in what has been learned later inrather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones;in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual.For example, it comes readily on human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies. This is one reason why change has not come more quicklyto black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.16. According to the passage, one of the factors that tend to promote social change is _____.A) mutual interestB) different points of viewC) more worldly peopleD) advanced technology17. Social change is less likely to occur in a society wherepeople are quite similar in many ways because______.A) people there are always satisfied with their living conditionsB) people there have identical needs that can be met withoutmuch disputesC) people there have got accustomed to their conditionsthatthey seldom think it necessary to changeD) people there are less emotional and easy to please18. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A) Social values play an important role in social change.B) Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspectsof society.C) Social change is more likely to occur if it comes graduallyD) Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic andemotional aspects of society.19. The expression "greater tolerance" in Paragraph 1refersto ______.A) greater willingness to accept social changeB) quicker adoption to changing circumstancesC) more respect for different beliefs and behaviorD) greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas20. The passage mainly discusses______.A) two different societiesB) the necessary of social changeC) different social changesD) certain factors that determine the ease with whichsocialchanges occurPart 2 Vocabulary and structureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part, For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D) .Choose the ONE answer that best competes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the canter.21. The presence of armed guards ______ us from doing anything disruptive.A) excitedB) irritatedC) preventedD) encourage22. -- Do you know the girl with long hair?-- I don't think so, although she ______ me of someone I know.A) remembersB) remindsC) recallsD) recollects23. When you read his books, you have to read between the lines; there's so much _____ in his writing.A) ironyB) vocabularyC) grammarD) idiom24. If the pressure is not _______ immediately, there maybe an explosion.A) relievedB) retreatedC) revealedD) released25. She had been kind to me, so I felt ______ to help her when she was in trouble.A) detachedB) obligedC) generousD) virtuous26. The music would stop at intervals, then ______ after a while.A) restoreB) recoverC) resumeD) assume27. The new laws threaten to ______ many people of the most elementary freedoms.A) depriveB) deceiveC) snatchD) depress28. Machinery ______ rapidly if it is not taken care of .A) devastatesB) destroysC) dedicatesD) deteriorates29. Knowledge then is the _____ condition of expansion of mind.A) indigestibleB) indispensableC) indissolubleD) indisputable30. We must try to ______ the best of our moral values for our children and grandchildren.A) predictB) prescribeC) purchaseD) preserve31. Some very important issues were ______ all his attention.A) taking upB) taking offC) taking outD) taking in32. She has bought a pair of glasses, which she can never ______when reading books.A) do withB) do withoutC) do upD) do away33. Now the problem of energy is becoming critical. It_____ an immediate solution.A) calls onB) calls upC) calls atD) calls for34. What happened in that class probably reflects what is happening in society _______.A) at firstB) at randomC) at largeD) at length35. _______ the gas shortage, I'm going to buy a compact car this year.A) In front ofB) In place ofC) In terms ofD) In view of36. His mother always keeps a candle in the house ______ there is a power cut.A) in caseB) in the caseC) in the eventD) in event of37. Not only ______ resulted in vast expenses, but they have endangered human existence as well.A) nuclear weapons haveB) have nuclear weaponsC) will nuclear weaponsD) nuclear weapons that38. Air ______ of a combination of nitrogen and oxygen.A) composesB) comprisesC) formsD) consists39. _______ composers such as Mozart, who was treated as an employee by those who commissioned him, Beethoven enjoyed equal social status with his employers.A) becauseB) There wereC) UnlikeD) Having been40. The strong beam of light from a light house is used by sailors _______.A) to determining their locationB) in determining their locationC) with determining their locationD) while determining their location41. _______ travels 5.8 trillion miles in one year has been scientifically proven.A) That lightB) LightC) For light toD) When light42. Even though African game preserves have saved many animals,there are ______ that will not be saved.A) some otherB) all othersC) many moreD) much more43. After writing poetry unsuccessfully for several years, he was not certain whether to quit or ______ with his art.A) if he should continueB) to be continuedC) to continueD) he should continue44. John offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we declined the offer.A) not being finishedB) not having finishedC) had not been finishedD) was not finished45. That town was no longer the sleepy littlevillage ________.A) it wereB) it wasC) it has beenD) it had been46. -- I saw Sam in the library yesterday morning.-- You ______ him; he is still abroad.A) might not seeB) could not seeC) can't have seenD) mustn't have seen47. It is absolutely essential that all the applicants______ one by one.A) interviewedB) to interviewC) be interviewedD) to be interviewing48. I think I should prefer to go on Thursday, _______ it's all the same to you.A) as ifB) ifC) unlessD) as soon as49. My approach is not to learn everything about something,but _____ something about everything.A) rather to learnB) rather learningC) to rather learnD) rather than learn50. Advice should be provided free to_______ needs it.A) whomB) whoeverC) whoD) no matter whoPart 3 TranslationDirections: In this part, there are five items which you shouldtranslate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. There sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part 1 of this paper. You areallowed 15 minutes to do the translation. You should refer backto the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.51. ( Passage 1, Para.1)Further investigations with both humans and animals indicatedthat it is not food which relieves tension but rather the act of chewing.52. (Passage 1, Para.2)When deprived of the variety and intensity of tastes, obese people are not satisfied and consequently eat more tofulfill this need.53. (Passage 2,Para. 2)Irving's background provides little to explain his literary achievements.A gifted but deliberate child, he had little schooling.54. (Passage 3, Para. 3)Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section to section.55. ( Passage 4, Para. 1)In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interestand greater tolerance in mixed societies.Part 4 WritingDirections: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutesto write a composition on the topic The Quality of Products. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition the outline on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 产品质量差的原因2. 产品质量差的后果3. 怎样提高产品质量The Quality of Products模拟一答案1. C2. D3. B4. A5. C6. B7. C8. B9. B10. A11. D12. D13. C14. B15. A16. B17. C18. A19. D21. C22. B23. A24. D25. B26. C27. A28. D29. B30. D31. A32. B33. D34. C35. D36. A37. B38. D39. C40. B42. C43. C44. A45. D46. C47. C48. B49. A50. B51. 对人类和动物的进一步调查表明,, 减轻(精神)压力的(因素)不是食物,, 而是咀嚼动作。
四级模拟标准试题及答案
四级模拟标准试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 根据题目所给的选项，选择与所听材料相符的一项。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] C2. B) 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] A3. C) 根据所听短文，回答以下问题。
What is the main idea of the passage?A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] B二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据所给文章，选择最佳答案。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] A2. 阅读下文，回答以下问题。
What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] C3. 阅读文章，判断以下陈述是否正确。
A) 陈述AB) 陈述BC) 陈述CD) 陈述D[答案] A) 正确B) 错误C) 正确D) 错误三、完形填空（共20分）1. 根据上下文，选择最合适的选项填入空白处。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] B2. 根据文章内容，选择最合适的词组填入空白处。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] C3. 根据语境，选择最合适的短语填入空白处。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] A四、翻译（共10分）1. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英文。
中文句子：__________English translation: __________[答案] English translation: _________2. 将以下句子从英文翻译成中文。
English sentence: ____________中文翻译：__________[答案] 中文翻译：__________五、写作（共30分）1. 根据所给题目，写一篇不少于120词的短文。
大学英语四级模拟试题一(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题一Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? You can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous（具有共同特点的）than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspapersAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation（发行量）by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and providea way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards（广告牌）and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes---satellite and Internet radio---will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s othe r readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media---magazines and newspapers---will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed（分散）than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety inthe types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’ advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client’s message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards and special promotions. Direct mailis an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.1. Television is attractive advertising medium in that ________.A. it has large audiencesB. it appeals to housewivesC. it helps build up a company’s reputationD. it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels, ________.A. the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB. the number of TV viewers has increasedC. advertisers’ interest in other media has decreasedD. the number of TV ads people can see has increased3. Compared with television, newspaper as an advertising medium ________.A. earn a larger annual ad revenueB. convey more detailed messagesC. use more production techniquesD. get messages out more effectively4. Advertising on radio continues to grow because ________.A. more local radio stations have been set upB. modern technology makes it more entertainingC. it provides easy access to consumersD. it has been revolutionized by Internet radio5. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to ________.A. reach target audiencesB. appeal to educated peopleC. attract diverse audiencesD. convey all kinds of messages6. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because ________.A. billboards can be replaced within two hoursB. consumers travel more now than ever beforeC. such ads have been made much more attractiveD. the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are ________.A. quick to updateB. pleasant to look atC. easy to rememberD. convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences thattend to be_________________.9. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for businesses to develop_______________.10. This passage discusses how advertisers select ______ __ for advertisements.（8-10题答案请写在答题纸上）Part II Listening Comprehension (35%) Section A (15%)Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. To reach US$13 million. B. To reach US$30 million.C. To reach US$300 million.D. To reach US$3 million.12. A. 80%. B. 60%. C. 50%. D. 70%.13. A. 160. B. 60. C. 116. D. 106.14. A. Meet Mr. Wilson. B. Make a cup of tea.C. Give Mr. Milson a call.D. Write down the number.15. A. The man does not need a car to get around.B. The man lives far away from the subway.C. The man is not good at driving.D. The man enjoys driving a car.16. A. It is attractive. B. It is exciting.C. It is boring.D. It is important.17. A. Stay at home and complete the paper on her own.B. Save time by using Mary’s computer.C. Buy a computer herself.D. Borrow Mary’s computer.18. A. Talk to the boss. B. Restart the discussion.C. Have a fresh mind.D. Have a break.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. Her mother. B. Her friend.C. Her husband.D. Herself.20. A. A 40 percent discount. B. A 10 percent discount.C. A 15 percent discount.D. A 20 percent discount.21. A. 40 dollars. B. 48 dollars.C. 60 dollars.D. 54 dollars.22. A. Because the woman has only 47 dollars.B. Because there’s a button missing on the blouse.C. Because it is the last blouse.D. Because it is the special offer for this week.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. In the dining hall. B. In the room.C. In the Rainbow Bar.D. Not given.24. A. Room 610. B. Room 061.C. Room 106.D. Room 601.25. A. In a motel. B. In a hotel.C. In a dormitory.D. In a bar.Section B (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.27. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practice speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.28. A. The couple cooks the dishes and the children help them.B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C. The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A. Their family members. B. Their relatives.C. Their closed friends.D. Strangers.30. A. To get advice. B. To subscribe.C. To place an advertisement.D. To apply for membership.31. A. They are two well-known writers who give advice.B. They are two famous doctors.C. They are two lawyers.D. They are two professors at the New York State University.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A. At 7:00. B. At 7:50.C. On time.D. Behind its time.33. A. To take a taxi to St. Louis.B. To take a bus to St. Louis.C. To carry his bags and hurry to the Union Station.D. To get off before Union Station and take a taxi.34. A. He managed to catch the train he needed.B. He failed to catch the train to St. Louis.C. As soon as he got on the train it began to leave the station.D. Thanks to the porter’s help, he was in time for the train.35. A. Late Again. B. A Helpful Conductor.C. At the Union Station.D. Conductor, Porter and I.Section C (10%)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （答案请写在答题纸上）Americans are used to traveling. Some people make long-distance commutes to work (36) __________. Their jobs may even require them to take (37) __________ business trips. Most companies provide an (38) __________ vacation for their employees and people often use that time to travel. Some people just visit friends or relatives in distant states. Others go on low-budget (39) __________ excursions and stay in economy motels. Those with more (40) __________tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels. Camping out in the great (41) __________appeals to adventurous types.Most Americans prefer to travel within their nation’s borders. Why? For one thing, it’s cheaper than traveling (42) __________ and there’s no language problems. But besides that, the vast American territory offers numerous tourist attractions. Nature lovers can enjoy beaches, mountains, canyons, lakes and a wealth of natural wonders. (43) __________ cities offer visitors a multitude of urbandelights. The convenience of modern freeways, (44) ___________________ makes travel in America as easy as pie.Many American vacations are as unique as unique as the people who take them. Families often plan their trips with (45) _____________________. More and more “family friendly” vacation resorts offer special programs for children. History buffs seek out famous historical sites and museums. Environmentalists prefer “green vacations”. Some people find sea cruises (46) _______________________________. Others hit the water to go fishing, skiing or white-water rafting.Part III Reading Comprehension (20%) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OnePart-time jobs are nothing new to us college students. It is common for students to practice their salesmanship when they have free time. However, I was extremely shocked when I learned one of our teachers had also joined in the profit-making business.She is our physical education teacher. The other day she publicly commented on the pimples (丘疹) on a student’s face and then presented the girl with a sample bottle of nameless face cream.According to the teacher, the face cream was produced in France. Each small bottle costs more than 40 yuan. From my viewpoint, it is a complete waste of money to buy such thing. “Why don’t you decline and refuse to buy it?” I suggested to the girl. She signed, “If I do that, I am afraid that my teacher may give me a lower mark in PE.” In other words, as long as she made a good deal with the teacher, an “excellent” on her PE course would follow.I was depressed. The teacher abused her social role. Her priority should be to give us proper education and training. Instead, she is trying to make a profit from us. She is unfit to be a good “engineer in cultivat ing the spirit of mankind”.47. The idea for students to do part-time jobs is _________.A. unheardB. uncommonC. surprisingD. not fresh48. The teacher made a comment on the pimples on a student’s face in order to _________.A. sell somethingB. show concern for the studentsC. make her lessons more interestingD. help her students learn something49. The writer believes that the cream _________.A. is worthy buyingB. is of high qualityC. is uselessD. can cure the pimples on the student’s face50. We may infer that _________.A. many students bought the creamB. no students bought the creamC. the writer got some free creamD. the cream was made by the teacher herself51. From the passage we can infer that _________.A. some students have failed their PE examsB. the students don’t like the teacherC. the teacher is welcome by her studentsD. the teacher has given her students proper education and trainingPassage TwoShu Pudong has helped at least l, 000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career,” he said.In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms or legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.“I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his field when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized that he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time, he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to the heart. Rushing home he shouted ‘Bring me the knife’. Minutes later the man lost his arm forever.”“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes,” Shu said.52. The best title for this article is “_________”.A. Astonishing MedicineB. Farmer Loses ArmC. Dangerous BitesD. Snake Doctor53. The farmer lost his arm because _________.A. the cloth was wrapped too tightlyB. he cut it off to save his lifeC. Shu wasn’t there to help himD. he was alone in the field54. Shu decided to devote himself to snake medicine because _________.A. he wanted to save people’s arms and legsB. he had studied it at a medical schoolC. he had seen snakes biting peopleD. his army service had finished55. Why did Shu go into the mountains？A. He didn’t want to study snake bites.B. He wanted to help the farmers.C. He was being trained to be a doctor.D. He was expected to serve in the army.56. Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word “career”in the first paragraph？A. conclusionB. storyC. incidentD. jobPart Ⅳ Cloze (10%) Directions: There are20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In __57__a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend __58__can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are__59__readers. Most of us develop poor reading __60__at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency__61__in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have __62__meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. __63__, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __64__words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over__65__you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which __66__down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as __67__reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __68__, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __69__the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch”him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __70__word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first __71__is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read idea s and concepts, you will not only read faster, __72__your comprehension will improve. Many people have found __73__reading skill drastically improved after some training. __74__Chalice Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __75__the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can __76__a lot more reading material in a short period of time.57. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting58. A. quickly B. easily C. roughly D. decidedly59. A. good B. curious C. poor D. urgent60. A. training B. habits C. situations D. custom61. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves62. A. some B. a lot C .little D. dull63. A. Fortunately B. In fact C. Logically D. Unfortunately64. A. reuse B. reread C. rewrite D. recite65. A. what B. which C. that D. if66. A. scales B. cuts C. slows D. measures67. A. some one B. one C. he D. reader68. A. accelerator B. actor C. amplifier D. observer69. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than70. A. enabling B. leading C. making D. indicating71. A. meaning B. comprehension C. gist D. regression72. A. but B. nor C. or D. for73. A. our B. your C. their D. such a74. A. Look at B. Take C. Make D. Consider75. A. for B. in C. after D. before76. A. master B. go over C. present D. get throughPart V Translation (10%)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inbrackets. Put the answers down on the Answer Sheet. （答案请写在答题纸上）77. The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou is ________________________ (我无法用语言来表述).78. Why is she looking at me ________________________ (像是她认识我似的)? I’venever seen her before in my life.79. I don’t enjoy going to the movies. ________________________ (在我看来), it’sjust a waste of time.80. The Canadian speaks Chinese ________________________ (和他说英语一样流利).81. ________________________ (Tony 是否来), doesn’t matter much. We can rely onourselves.Part VI Writing(15%)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topicAttend Your Classes Regularly. You should write at least 120 words (no morethan 150 words) based on the outline given below:1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象。
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）
听力（略）Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies. Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors' children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.26. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ________.A) cars are a source of pleasure for themB) they need a car to form a car poolC) they live more than a mile away from the schoolD) cars form necessary part in their life27. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?A) Office workers.B) Police and mail carriers.C) Salesmen and farmers.D) Factory workers.28. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ________.A) children have to walk to schoolB) school buses take all the children to schoolC) mothers drive children to schoolD) families usually live within a mile from the school29. "A car pool" most probably means ________.A) a number of people sharing the use of a carB) a place for parking carsC) a group of tourists driving alternativelyD) a place for learning to drive30. What is the author's advice about the use of cars?A) To provide larger parking spaces.B) To build better roads.C) To produce fewer automobiles.D) To form more car pools.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Recent fires have destroyed much of Indonesian forests and pose the latest threat to the survival of the endangered orangutans（红毛猿）. Thirty orangutans fleeing their burning forest home have been killed by villagers, who see the animals as crop raiders. Orangutan mothers have been killed so that their young can be captured and sold into the illegal wildlife pet trade. Orangutan experts continue to receive orangutan infants whose mothers have been killed while searching for food in plantations and fields.The fires, caused by drought and coupled with fire-setting methods to clear forests, have destroyed more than two million acres. When fire gets into the rainforests' layer of dry peat (partly decayed plant material which covers the soil), it can burn slowly off and on for months or years after the original fire. These fires continue until heavy rainfall soaks the peat through and through. Orangutans once numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but their population has dropped to roughly 25 000 due to fire, the destruction of forests from felling trees for timber and agriculture, and losses linked to the live-animal trade. Before the fires, only 40 percent of the orangutans' original habitat remained, and now, their habitat has become even smaller.31. What can be the best title for this passage?A) Fires Drive Orangutans to Danger.B) Orangutans Are Precious Animals.C) Fires in Indonesia Keep on Flaming.D) Orangutans Endanger the Crops of Indonesia.32. Which of the following is true about villagers?A) They set fire in order to kill orangutans for food.B) They are ignorant of wild life pets trade.C) They dislike orangutans because they destroy crops.D) They continue to receive orangutans infants.33. According to this passage, fires in Indonesia ________.A) will not end until it starts to rainB) will be eventually put out by human effortC) will die out when the winds stop blowingD) will only stop when the peat is totally wet34. Some people buy orangutans because ________.A) they want to save orangutansB) they want to keep orangutans as petsC) they want to build new homes for orangutansD) they want to take care of orangutan infants35. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decreasing of orangutans in Indonesia?A) The forests have been burned to make land for agriculture.B) Most of orangutans' forests have been destroyed.C) Mother orangutans have been caught and sold in pet-animal market.D) Trees have been cut down for human profits.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Don't try kicking the tires on a very modern and strange car developed by students at Coventry University. Not only does the car have no tires, it has no steering wheel, either.The Coventry Concept Car, as it is called is a completely new design that looks more like a snail（蜗牛）than an automobile. No working model, or functional form of the vehicle exists yet, but its designers recently introduced a life-sized model and explained how a real one would work. Electric motors would move rapidly undulating pad（形成波浪状气垫）underneath the car; moving the vehicle in any direction at speeds up to 480 km per hour. The motion would be a much faster way of crawling ? the way snails move. (Muscles in the bottom of a snail's flat foot contract （收缩）in waves that push the snail along the ground.)Steering of the snail car would be handled automatically by an onboard computer, which would receive signals from orbiting satellites. Those signals would help guide the snail car along a preprogrammed route.Even the car's color could be computer-controlled, the student designer suggested. Instead of a painted out appearance, the snail car would sport an electronically sensitive film that changes color according to its surroundings.36. The Coventry Concept Car is designed mainly based on ________.A) the appearance of a snailB) the movement of a snailC) the life-size of a snailD) the behavior of a snail37. Which of the following is true about the Coventry Concept Car?A) Its first working model can run at 480 km per hour.B) Its direction is controlled by a steering wheel.C) It moves in all directions on a pair of flat feet.D) It travels automatically along preprogrammed routes.38. The color of the car can be changed ______.A) by applying different films onto its exteriorB) automatically in accordance with its surroundingsC) by signals received by the car computerD) according to the customer's requirement39. The word "sport" in the last but one line most probably means _______.A) applyB) wearC) runD) notice40. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A) A Car at a Speed of a SnailB) A Computer-Controlled Electronic V ehicleC) A Car Without Tires and Steering WheelD) A Car with No Functional FormPassage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert themselves（坚持自己的权利）. Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back, thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole set-up is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always a 'superior' around: a parent, a teacher, a boss who 'knows better'."But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help those people assert themselves. They offer "Assertiveness Training" courses ? A T for short. In the A T course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people.In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an A T course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But A T uses an even stronger motive ? the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. Y ou start to doubt your own good sense. Y ou go by the other person's label. But, why should you? A T says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.41. The problem the writer talks about is that _______.A) some people buy things they don't wantB) some people are afraid of arguing for themselvesC) there are too many "superiors" around usD) there is too much pressure from our society42. The cause of the problem discussed in this passage is that _______.A) some people have a low self-imageB) there is always someone around who "knows better"C) salesmen talk people into buying things they don't wantD) people don't share opinions in a group43. The set-up of our society often _______.A) makes people distrust themselvesB) makes things more favorable for "superiors"C) keeps people from knowing as much as their "superiors"D) helps people to learn to speak up for their rights44. A T is one solution to the problem in this passage, but one thing A T doesn't promote is to help people ________.A) to share their feelingsB) to have a right to be oneselfC) to overcome their fear before othersD) to be more aggressive45. The title for this passage could be ________.A) Assertiveness TrainingB) Loss of Self-respectC) The Importance of Human RightsD) Share Y our Feelings with OthersPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the se ntences. (10 points)46. Those high school students _____ to computer games will usually lose interest in their studies.A) absorbed B) addicted C) approached D) adapted47. What did you put in your suitcase? It's almost _____ mine.A) four times as heavy as B) four times heavier as C) as four times heavy as D) as heavy as four times48. In some countries today, it is still illegal for doctors to help a woman have a(n) _____.A) pregnancy B) abortion C) miscarriage D) embryo49. Metal _____ when cooled and expands when heated.A) decreases B) reduces C) condenses D) contracts50. The employees were afraid to ask for a salary raise _____ they should lose their jobs.A) lest B) or else C) so that D) in order that51. There has been a heated controversy over the new traffic _____ forbidding automobiles in downtown during the daytime.A) laws B) bans C) alerts D) regulations52. She has won a _____ prize for her poems published in the past 10 years.A) privileged B) awarded C) prestigious D) rewarded53. Each man and woman must sign _____ full names before entering the examination room.A) his B) her C) their D) one's49. Giving the child problems he can't solve will only ________ him.A) frustrate B) challenge C) conquer D) press54. It is pleasant to see that the whole community has participated in this environmental action with great _____.A) validity B) vow C) vigor D) vision55. As they can't have a child of their own, they're going to _____ a little girl.A) adapt B) adopt C) adjust D) receive56. It's no use _____ wit him. Y ou might as well argue with a stone wall.A) arguing B) of arguing C) in arguing D) to argue57. The official figures of unemployment revealed that millions of citizens could hardly make a _____ living.A) honest B) decent C) appropriate D) suitable58. The company has been found guilty violating copyright laws _____ a regular _____.A) for ... reason B) by ... way C) on ... basis D) to ... degree59. Believe it or not, he arrived in America with only 25 dollars _____.A) by his name B) to his name C) in his name D) with his name60. _____ is no reason for dismissing her.A) A few minutes late B) Owing to a few minutes late C) Because she was a few minutes late D) Being a few minutes late61. I handed in the application two months ago, but I have not received any response _____.A) in date B) out of date C) to date D) on date62. In the course of a day our students do far more than just _____ classes.A) attending B) attended C) to attend D) attend63. The newspaper didn't mention its secret _____ who provided the information for the event.A) resource B) source C) origin D) cause64. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A) state B) significance C) determination D) status65. If I hadn't turned off the power before you touched the wires, you _____ now.A) wouldn't have smiled B) didn't smile C) wouldn't be smiling D) couldn't have smiledPart IV T ranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) To be successful at business, you not only have to be good at what you do, but you have to be good at letting others know how good you are at what you do. Y ou have to come up with a plan to get your product or service in the market place. Y ou have to come up with a marketing plan. (67) This marketing plan involves two parts: you have to figure out who the market is; and you have to make the product or service known to that market. These two work together.It is a rare case in marketing when a product has appeal to everyone regardless of sex, age, income level or special interests. (68) The more typical case is that a product will appeal to a limited group of people who are willing to put down their hard-earned dollars to buy what you have to sell.(69) The basic question to keep in mind as you develop your marketing plan is: Who would want to buy the type of product I make and how can I develop it to be saleable to these special people? Once you define your market, you often have to modify your product to fit that market. Sometimes the answer to this question is clear and logical. Often, however, a business person has to do some research and experimentation to find the answer. (70) Many a business has failed because people didn't consider this obvious but critical question: Who is the market?66. ____________________________________________________________________________67.____________________________________________________________________________68. ____________________________________________________________________________69. ____________________________________________________________________________70. ____________________________________________________________________________Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 一群科学家上周在一次新闻发布会上宣布的克隆计划在全世界引起了轩然大波。
大学英语四级模拟题01及答案
Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Western Festival: Welcome or Reject? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 西方的节日越来越深的影响着许多中国年青人的生活。
2. 有人认为西方的节日使很多中国的传统日益淡化。
3. 你的观点。
Western Festival: Welcome or Reject?Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Our dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes broken, nonsensical but often entertainingstory line. We can sometimes even solve problems in our sleep. Or can we? Many experts disagree on exactly what the purpose of our dreams might be. Are they strictly random brain impulses, or are our brains actually working through issues from our daily life while we sleep -- as a sortof coping mechanism? Should we even bother to interpret our dreams? Many say yes, that we have a great deal to learn from our dreams.Why do we Dream?For centuries, we've tried to figure out just why our brains play these nightly shows for us. Early civilizations thought dream worlds were real, physical worlds that they could enter only from their dream state. Researchers continue to toss around many theories about dreaming. Those theories essentially fall into two categories:● The idea that dreams a re only physiological stimulations● The idea that dreams are psychologically necessaryPhysiological theories are based on the idea that we dream in order to exercise various neural connections that some researchers believe affect certain types of learning. Psychological theories are based onthe idea that dreaming allows us to sort through problems, events of the day or things that are requiring a lot of our attention. Some of these theorists think dreams might be prophetic. Many researchers andscientists also believe that perhaps it is a combination of the two theories.Dreaming and the BrainWhen we sleep, we go through five sleep stages. The first stage isa very light sleep from which it is easy to wake up. The second stage moves into a slightly deeper sleep, and stages three and four represent our deepest sleep. Our brain activity throughout these stages is gradually slowing down so that by deep sleep, we experience nothing but delta brain waves -- the slowest brain waves. About 90 minutes after we go to sleep and after the fourth sleep stage, we begin REM sleep.Rapid eye movement (REM) was discovered in 1953 by University of Chicago researchers Eugene Aserinsky, a graduate student in physiology, and Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph.D., chair of physiology. REM sleep isprimarily characterized by movements of the eyes and is the fifth stage of sleep.How to Improve Your Dream RecallIt is said that five minutes after the end of a dream, we have forgotten 50 percent of the dream's content. Ten minutes later, we've forgotten 90 percent of its content. Why is that? We don't forget our daily actions that quickly. The fact that they are so hard to remember makes their importance seem less.There are many resources both on the Web and in print that willgive you tips on how to improve your recall of dreams. Those who believe we have a lot to learn about ourselves from our dreams are big proponents of dream journals. Here are some steps you can take to increase your dream recall:● When you go to bed, t ell yourself you will remember your dreams.● Set your alarm to go off every hour and half so you'll wake up around the times that you leave REM sleep -- when you're most likely to remember your dreams. (Or, drink a lot of water before you go to bed to ensure you have to wake up at least once in the middle of the night!)● Keep a pad and pencil next to your bed.● Try to wake up slowly to remain within the "mood" of your last dream. Common Dream Themes and Their Interpretations● Being naked in publ icMost of us have had the dream at some point that we're at school, work or some social event, and we suddenly realize we forgot to put on clothes! Experts say this means: ◆ We're trying to hide something (and without clothes we have a hard time doing that).◆ We're not prepared for something, like a presentation or test (and now everyone is going to know -- we're exposed!).If we're naked but no one notices, then the interpretation is that whatever we're afraid of is unfounded. If we don't care that we're naked, the interpretation is that we're comfortable with who we are.● FallingYou're falling, falling, falling... and then you wake up. This is a very common dream and is said to symbolize insecurities and anxiety. Something in your life is essentially out of control and there isnothing you can do to stop it. Another interpretation is that you have a sense of failure about something. Maybe you're not doing well in schoolor at work and are afraid you're going to be fired or expelled. Again, you feel that you can't control the situation.● Being chasedThe ever-popular chase dream can be extremely frightening. What it usually symbolizes is that you're running away from your problems. What that problem is depends on who is chasing you. It may be a problem at work, or it may be something about yourself that you know is destructive. For example, you may be drinking too much, and your dream may be telling you that your drinking is becoming a real problem.● Taking an exam (or forgetting that you have one)This is another very common dream. You suddenly realize you are supposed to be taking an exam at that very moment. You might be running through the hallways and can't find the classroom. This type of dreamcan have several variations that have similar meanings. (Maybe your pen won't write, so you can't finish writing your answers.) What experts say this may mean is that you're being scrutinized about something or feel you're being tested -- maybe you're facing a challenge you don't think you're up to. You don't feel prepared or able to hold up to the scrutiny. It may also mean there is something you've neglected that you know needs your attention.● FlyingMany flying dreams are the result of lucid dreaming (清醒梦). Notall flying dreams are, however. Typically, dreaming that you are flying means you are on top of things. You are in control of the things thatmatter to you. Or, maybe you've just gained a new perspective on things. It may also mean you are strong willed and feel like no one and nothing can defeat you. If you are having problems maintaining your flight, someone or something may be standing in the way of you having control. If you are afraid while flying, you may have challenges that you don't feel up to.● Running, but going now hereThis theme can also be part of the chasing dream. You're trying to run, but either your legs won't move or you simply aren't going anywhere -- as if you were on a treadmill (踏车). According to some, this dream means you have too much on your plate. You're trying to do too many things at once and can't catch up or ever get ahead.1. This passage mainly discusses different theories about why we have dreams at night.2. Early theories held that dreams were reflection of people’s real, physical worlds.3. According to physiological theories, dreaming allows us to sort through problems or events of the day that require our attention.4. REM occurs at the third and fourth stage during which we experience the deepest sleep.5. The reason why dreams do not seem important is that they are very difficult to remember.6. Trying to get recorded what you said or did in your dream can help increase your dream recall.7. If a person dreams he is naked but is not noticed by others, it means what he is afraid of is groundless.1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y][N][NG]5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]8. You re falling, falling, falling in your dream, which is said to symbolize .9. Being chased in a dream usually means that you’re escaping from your .10. One of the interpretations for flying dreams is that you are and nothing can defeat you.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.A department store’s inputs include the l and upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (47) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a fa rmer’s (48) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (49) ______ from industry to industry, but it is an (50) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (51) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (52) ______ utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process.However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption(fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (53) ______ problems inherent in the conversion process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors all affect output quality (54)______. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (55) _____ variation becomes a major management task.The function of the feedback is to provide (56) ______ linkages. Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.A) offerB) capitalC) mediumD)difficultE) variesF) differentlyG) proposalH) transformation I) beautifullyJ) economicK) reducingL) internalM) inputsN) affordO) informationSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillarsin the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatestnumber of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that rul ed over a large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be RememberedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmlesspeople or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others.A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence. Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent ofall automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychologicalcondition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised bothat the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident expertsstill worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constantcare and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____A) mass-killing. B) disaster. C) tragedy. D) accident.63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded asa social problem because _____.A) autos have become most destructive to mankindB) people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC) civilization brings much harm to peopleD) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?A) Careless bicycle-riders.B) Mindless people walking in the street.C) Irresponsible drivers.D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Today the world's economy is going through two great changes, both bigger than an Asian financial crisis here or a European monetary union there.The first change is that a lot of industrial_67_is moving from the United States, Western Europe and Japan to _68 _countries in Latin America, South-East Asia and Eastern Europe. In 1950, the United States alone _69_ for more than half of the world's economy output. In 1990,its _70_ was down to a quarter. By 1990, 40% of IBM's employees werenon-Americans; Whirlpool, America's leading _71_ of domestic appliances, cut its American labor force _72_ 10%. Quite soon now, many big western companies will have more _73_ (and customers) in poor countries than in rich _74_ . The second great change is _75_, in the rich countries of the OECD, the balance of economic activity is _76_ from manufacturing to _77_. In the United States and Britain, the _78_ ofworkers in manufacturing has _79_ since 1900 from around 40% to barely half that_80_ in Germany and Japan, which rebuilt so many _81_ after 1945, manufacturing's share of jobs is now below 30%. The effect of the _82 is increased _83_ manufacturingmoves from rich countries to the developing ones, _84_ cheap labor _85_ them a sharp advantage in many of the _86_ tasks required by mass production.67. A. product B. production C. products D. productivity68. A. other B. small C. capitalistic D. developing69. A. accounted B. occupied C. played D. shared70. A. output B. development C. share D. economy71. A. state B. consumer C. representative D. supplier72. A. by B. at C. through D. in73. A. products B. market C. employees D. changes74. A. one B. ones C. times D. time75. A. what B. like C. that D. how76. A. ranging B. varying C. swinging D. getting77. A. producing B. products C. servicing D. services78. A. proportion B. number C. quantity D. group79. A. changed B. gone C. applied D. shrunk80. A. Furthermore B. Even C. Therefore D. Hence81. A. armies B. weapons C. factories D. countries82. A. question B. manufacturing C. shift D. rebuilding83. A. with B. as C. given D. if84. A. while B. whose C. who's D. which85. A. give B. is giving C. gives D. gave86. A. repetitive B. various C. creative D. enormousPart Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentence on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. (任何国家无论在什么情况下都不可以) have the right to use nuclear weapons.88. It’s essential that (他把一切准备好) before the examination .89. The population of America is not large (与中国相比).90. The beggar accepted the one-dollar note (甚至连一声谢谢都没说).91. Life is full of risks (不论你是否喜欢).答案Part 1 作文:(略)Part 2 快速阅读1. N2. Y3. N4. N5. Y6. NG7. Y8. insecurities and anxiety 9. problems 10.strong willedPart 3 听力Section A(11-15) BBBBB (16-20) CDDCD (21-25)CCCBCSection B(26-30) CDBAB (31-35) DDBBCSection C36. topic 37. exaggerated 38. confusing 39. compete40. application 41. handling 42. widespread 43. calculation44. Another example of the same sort of process has been the use of computers by banks to provide up-to-date records of client’s accounts.45. The most successful example is perhaps the use of computers by airlines to control seat reservation an provide information about flights.46. One could take a series of photographs of the area, from which, the amount of rise and fall of the landscape can be analyzed within a few inches.Part 4 阅读(Reading in Depth)Section A(47-51)B) capital; M) inputs; E) varies; J) economic; H) transformation(52-56)A) offer ; L) internal ; F)differently ; k) reducing; O) information; Section B(57-61)BDABC (62-66)ACBBDPart 5 完型(67-76) BDACD ACBCB (77-86) DADBC CBBCAPart 6 翻译87. Under no circumstances should any nation88. get everything ready89. as compared with that of China90. without so much as saying thanks91. whether you like it or not。
大学英语四级考试模拟题（附答案）
大学英语模拟真题Test 2第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Why not go and have dinner in the restaurant? —_________ It’s too expensive. A. Why not. B. I agree . C. I ’m afraid not. D. I ’m sure. 2. —Mike,I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow. —Oh,really? _________ A. Good luck. B. Great. C. Have a good time. C. Have a good time. D. Congratulations! D. Congratulations! 3. —Please help yourself to the fish. —_________ A. Thanks,but I don’t like the fish.B. Sorr y ,I can’t help.y,I can’t help.C. Well,fish don’t suit me.D. No,I can’t.4. —_________ —He teaches physics in a school. A. What does your father want to do? B. Who is your father? C. What is your father? D. Where is your father now? 5. —Excuse me, how much is the jacket? —It It’’s 499 Yuan. _________ A. Oh, no. Tha t’t’s OK! s OK! B. How do you like it? C. Which do you prefer? D. Would you like to try it on? 第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。
英语四级模拟题(附答案)
大学英语四级模拟试卷（一）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on“too much care spoils a child”, You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wassaid. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) It is really nice to change them.B) They ought to have been changed long ago.C) They are of wrong colors.D) They are still quite good.2. A) Mixed. C) Enthusiastic.B) Fascinated. D) Disinterested.3. A) Wait until the weather gets better. C) Walk around the city right now.B) Go to visit the park tomorrow. D) Enjoy the snow scene in the park.4. A) He’ll start a new business in properties.B) He has been left property there.C) He’s made a fortune from his aunt.D) His aunt wants his company there.5. A) They didn’t attend the literature class.。
大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _____ to his confusion.A. extendedB. amountedC. addedD. turned2. Although he is over 60 now, he still cannot forget the traffic accident30 years ago of which his ________ is really a miracle.A. escapeB. survivalC. runawayD. victim3. Although he is very rich, his undutiful children are the _______ of his life.A. torchB. tormentC. topicD. topper4. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any _______ of whatI said.A. noticeB. remarkC. observationD. attention5. Although most birds have only a negligible sense of smell, they have _______vision.A. vigorousB. exactC. acuteD. vivid6. Ms Simms is very sensitive ______ criticism.A. ofB. inC. toD. on7. It is an exception ________ the rules.A. ofB. inC. againstD. to8. She solved the problem _________a stroke.A. onB. ofC. atD. through9. Death always taken us _________ surprise, even though we know it is inevitable.A. inB. out ofC. byD. through10. The lady insists on her constitutional right _______ a passport in her maiden name.A. onB. toC. intoD. that11. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _______ the behavior of a animal depends mainly on instinct.A. whereasB. soC. unlessD. that12. Wood furniture does not depreciate in value _______ properly handled and protecteD.A. ifB. hasC. andD. that13. Although much is done to supply enough for everyone, ______ of foodwill long be a world problem.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. decline14. Archaeologists ______ the walls of the old city at a depth of several metres below the surface.A. determinedB. locatedC. provedD. defined15. A large ___ of money is spent on import every year.A. accountB. amountC. numberD. quality16. Whether we are feeling happy or sad, ____ our emotions will make us feel more relaxeD.A. shareB. sharedC. sharingD. to sharing17. _____ that the whole roof was blown off.A. So terrible the storm may beB. So terribly the storm may beC. So terrible was the stormD. So terribly was the storm18. ---Let’s go for a walk.---Yes, today’s weather isn’t as cold as it was yesterday, ____?A. wasn’t itB. was itC. isn’t itD. is it19. --- How much is the desk?---it__ninety-nine pounds.( )A. costsB. Pays toC. spendsD. Takes is20. I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.( )A. To goB. For ifC. withD. By too二、单词拼写（共计15分）1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.3．Before _______________ (冒险), you should balance the benefits as well as the dangers.4．The unique design of the hotel can make the customers ________ ________ ________.(不拘束) (根据汉语提示完成句子）5．________ ________ (一般来说), diligence can lead to positive results. (根据汉语提示完成句子）三、阅读理解：(共30分)If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system arecapable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.A.foodB.oilC.spaceD.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because_____A.it might be possible to change its atmosphereB.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sC.there is a good supply of water on VenusD.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.A.waterB.carbon dioxideC.carbon monoxideD.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.A.live in very hot temperaturesB.live in very cold temperaturesC.manufacture oxygenD.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.A.the algae have done their workB.the atmosphere becomes coolerC.thereis oxygenD.it rains there四、书面表达：请起草一份通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期： 3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
CET4模拟试题(一)参考答案及解析
• M E J H I O • B
• C
L A C D
– 细节题。关键词teachers in the United States – 细节题。关键词catch up with
• A
– 词汇题。根据题干定位在第三段倒数第三句。
• D
– 态度题。
• D
– 主旨题。
• D
– 细节题。根据关键词psychologists
– similar leisure terminal automatically postal check create Oxford – drops a few lines to her mother in New York whenever she is near a terminal – when telephone service is becoming convenient and highly effective people make calls instead of writing letters – E-mailing brings people together and makes the world even smaller
Competition is an essential element in our society. We compete constantly for games, jobs, money, and so on. It is safe to say that competition exists everywhere. Although some people stress competition while others advocate cooperation, there is a close relationship between them. In order to win the game, one team has to compete with the other, and each player has to cooperate with his or her teammates. In most cases, we can’t
四级模拟试题试卷及答案
四级模拟试题试卷及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 根据所听内容，选择正确答案。
A. 他今天没有参加会议。
B. 他参加了会议，但迟到了。
C. 他没有迟到，但错过了会议。
D. 他准时参加了会议。
[答案] B2. B) 根据对话内容，回答以下问题。
What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Go shopping.B. Visit her parents.C. Stay at home.D. Attend a concert.[答案] B3. C) 根据短文内容，完成句子。
The speaker is talking about _______.A. the importance of environmental protection.B. the latest technology in smartphones.C. the benefits of regular exercise.D. the history of a famous city.[答案] A二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Passage 1[文章内容]...Questions:41. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of the company.B. The development of the company.C. The company's products.D. The company's management.[答案] B42. According to the passage, what did the company do last year?A. It expanded its market.B. It reduced its staff.C. It increased its profits.D. It launched a new product.[答案] A2. 阅读下列短文，回答后面的问题。
四级英语模拟试题及答案
四级英语模拟试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 根据题目所给的对话或短文，选择正确答案。
A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] C2. B) 根据题目所给的对话或短文，完成句子。
- 问题：What is the woman going to do this evening? - 答案：She is going to the library.二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读以下短文，选择最佳答案。
短文内容略...A) 选项AB) 选项BC) 选项CD) 选项D[答案] A2. 阅读以下短文，回答下列问题。
短文内容略...- 问题1：What is the main idea of the passage?答案：The main idea is...- 问题2：Why does the author mention X in the text?答案：The author mentions X to illustrate...三、词汇与结构（共15分）1. 从下列选项中选择最佳答案填入空白处。
- 空白处：The project was _______ last month.A) completedB) completingC) to completeD) was completed[答案] A2. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
- 句子：She _______ (study) abroad for two years before she got her master's degree.答案：studied四、翻译（共15分）1. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。
- 中文：这个项目的成功取决于团队的合作。
- 英文：The success of this project depends on the team's cooperation.2. 将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
英语4级模拟试题及答案
英语4级模拟试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 短对话理解根据所听内容，选择正确答案。
(1) What does the man want to do?A. Go to the library.B. Visit the museum.C. Watch a movie.(2) What is the woman's suggestion?A. To eat out.B. To cook at home.C. To order takeout.答案：1. C 2. A2. B) 长对话理解根据所听对话，回答下列问题。
(3) Why does the man feel stressed?(4) What will the woman do next?答案：3. He has a lot of work to do. 4. She will help the man with his work.3. C) 短文理解根据所听短文，回答以下问题。
(5) What is the main topic of the passage?(6) What does the speaker think of the topic?答案：5. The importance of environmental protection.6. The speaker thinks it is very important.二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
ANowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. ...(7) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Health is becoming a major concern.B. People are living longer than before.C. The cost of healthcare is increasing.D. There are various ways to stay healthy.(8) What does the author suggest about exercise?A. It is the most important factor for health.B. It should be combined with a healthy diet.C. It is not as important as a balanced diet.D. It can replace the need for a healthy diet.答案：7. A 8. BBThe article discusses the impact of technology on education...(9) What is the author's opinion on technology in education?A. It is beneficial but needs to be used wisely.B. It has no significant impact on learning.C. It should be avoided in educational settings.D. It is the only way to improve education.(10) According to the article, what is the role of teachers?A. To replace technology in the classroom.B. To integrate technology into their teaching.C. To oppose the use of technology in education.D. To focus solely on traditional teaching methods.答案：9. A 10. B三、完型填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
大学英语四级模拟题一及答案
大学英语四级模拟题一及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of To Getalong with Your Roommates. You should write at least 120 words following the outline givenbelow.1. 室友之间的冲突在校园里常有发生2. 冲突的主要原因3. 室友之间如何和睦相处To Get along with Your Roommate注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer sheet 1.For questions 17,markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 810,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Early Childhood Education‘Education T o Be More’ was published last August. It was the report of the New ZealandGovernment’s Early Childhood Care and Education Working Group. The report argued forenhanced equity (公平) of access and better funding for childcare and early childhood educationinstitutions. Unquestionably, that’s a real need;but since parents don’t normally send children topreschoolsuntil the age of three, are we missing out on the most important years of all?A 13yearstudy of early childhood development at Harvard University has shown that, by theage of three, most children have the potential to understand about 1000 words – most of thelanguage they will use in ordinary conversation for the rest of their lives.Furthermore, research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity, it canbe suppressed dramatically during the second and third years of life. Researchers claim that thehuman personality is formed during the first two years of life, and during the first three yearschildren learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school.Once over the age of three, children continue to expand on existing knowledge of the world.It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomicbackgroundstend to do less well in our education system. That’s observed not just in New Zealand, but also inAustralia, Britain and America. In an attempt to overcome that educational underachievement,anationwide program called ‘Headstart’ was launched in the United States in 1965. A lot of moneywas poured into it. It took children into preschoolinstitutions at the age of three and wassupposed to help the children of poorer families succeed in school.Despite substantial funding, results have been disappointing. It is thought that there are twoexplanations for this. First, the program began too late. Many children who entered it at the age ofthree were already behind their peers in language and measurable intelligence. Second, the parentswere not involved. At the end of each day, ‘Headstart’ children returned to the same disadvantagedhome environment.As a result of the growing research evidence of the importance of the first three years of achild’s life and the disappointing results from ‘Headstart’, a pilot program was launched inMissouri in the US that focused on parents as the child’s first teachers. The ‘Missouri’ programwas predicated on research showing that working with the family, rather than bypassing theparents, is the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life. Thefouryearpilot study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and whorepresented a crosssectionof socioeconomicstatus, age and family configurations (结构). Theyincluded singleparentand twoparentfamilies, families in which both parents worked, andfamilies with either the mother or father at home.The program involved trained parent educators visiting the parents’ home and working withthe parent, or parents, and the child. Information on child development, and guidance on things tolook for and expect as the child grows were provided, plus guidance in fostering the child’sintellectual, language, social and motorskilldevelopment. Periodic checkupsof the child’seducational and sensory development (hearing and vision) were made to detect possible handicapsthat interfere with growth and development. Medical problems were referred to professionals.Parenteducatorsmade personal visits to homes and monthly group meetings were held withother new parents to share experience and discuss topics of interest. Parent resource centers,located in school buildings, offered learning materials for families and facilities for child.At the age of three, the children who had been involved in the ‘Missouri’ program wereevaluated alongside a crosssectionof children selected from the same range of socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations, and also a random sample of children that age. The resultswere phenomenal. By the age of three, the children in the program were significantly moreadvanced in language development than their peers, had made greater strides in problem solvingand other intellectual skills, and were further along in social development. In fact, the averagechild on the program was performing at the level of the top 15 to 20 per cent of their peers in suchthings as auditory comprehension, verbal ability and language ability.Most important of all, the traditional measures of ‘risk’, such as parents’ age and education, orwhether they were a single parent, bore little or no relationship to the measures of achievementand language development. Children in the program performed equally well regardless ofsocioeconomicdisadvantages. Child abuse was virtually eliminated. The one factor that wasfound to affect the child’s development was family stress leading to a poor quality of parentchildinteraction. That interaction was not necessarily bad inpoorer families.These research findings are exciting. There is growing evidence in New Zealand that childrenfrom poorer socioeconomicbackgrounds are arriving at school less well developed and that ourschool system tends to perpetuate (使永存) that disadvantage. The initiative outlined above couldbreak that cycle of disadvantage. The concept of working with parents in their homes, or at theirplace of work, contrasts quite markedly with the report of the Early Childhood Care and EducationWorking Group. Their focus is on getting children and mothers access to childcare andinstitutionalized early childhood education. Education from the age of three to five is undoubtedlyvital, but without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first threeyears, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational inequity.1. The skills learned by children at age of three will be used in all their later learning in life.2. The ‘Headstart’ program finally succeeded in its aim.3. The ‘Missour’ program supplied many forms of support and training to parents.4. Most ‘Missouri’ program threeyearoldsscored highly in areas such as listening, speaking,reasoning and interacting with others.5. ‘Missouri’ program children of young, uneducated, single parents scored less highly on thetests.6. The richer families in the ‘Missouri’ program had higher stress levels.7. Educational inequity cannot be overcome for children from different family backgrounds.8. The aim of ‘Headstart’ program is to help children from poor families overcome____________________.9. The most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life is____________________.10. The concept of working with parents in their homes contrasts quite markedly with the reportof the Early Childhood Core and ____________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each section there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.11. A) To order some medicine for Aunt Margaret.B) To get some exercise.C) To buy some items.D) To see their aunt.12. A) Anyone can do it.B) No one can do it.C) Alex can probably do it.D) Alex probably shouldn’t do it.13. A) Tea is better than coffee.B) The man should switch to tea.C) There are two reasonsnot to drink coffee.D) The man shouldn’t drink either.14. A) At a hairdresser’s. B) At a tailor’s.C) At a butcher’s. D) At a photographer’s.15. A) Angry. B) Tired. C) Hungry. D) Disappointed.16. A) She would like some soup.B) She’s inviting the man to lunch.C) She wants to know if the man likes chicken.D) She ate lunch earlier.17. A) Very few people come to it.B) A good name hasn’t been found for it.C) People d on’t like climbing the stairs to get there.D) She has decided to phone the ticket office.18. A) It was designed by modern artists.B) It will color black and white prints.C) Its merchandise must be carefully sorted through.D) Its best selection is of modern art prints.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) A class presentation they’re preparing.B) A television program the man is watching.C) Visiting a close fiend of theirs.D) Studying for a test.20. A) He’s ta king a break from studying.B) He has already finished studying.C) He was assigned to watch a program by his professor.D) He’s finding out some information for a friend.21. A) He didn’t know that she was enrolled in a mathematic course.B) He thought she preferred to study alone.C) He thought she had made arrangements to study withD) He had told her that he had done poorly on a recent test.22. A) He and Elizabeth argued recently.B) He heard Elizabeth did poorly on the last test.C) He doesn’t want to bother Elizabeth so late in the evening.D) He’d rather study in his own dormitory.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) They look darker.B) They look smaller.C) They look clearer.D) They look cloudier.24. A) It stops working.B) It becomes sharper.C) It confuses odors.D) It defects fewer odors.25. A) They both have leg injuries.B) They’re too tired to walk any farther.C) They have no umbrella with them.D) They’ve seen no signs to give them directions.Section B:Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To do as much as you can.B) To do only what is necessary.C) To act carefully and quickly.D) To do what is necessary as carefully and quickly as possible.27. A) Leave him lying where he is.B) Do as much as you can to save him.C) Put his arms and legs in place.D) Roll him up in a blanket.28. A) Stop the flow of blood if the person is bleeding.B) Perform the operation whenever necessary.C) Do artificial respiration if the person has stopped breathing.D) Do the best you can until a doctor arrives.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) A few inches above the knee.B) A little below the knee.C) Down to the ankle.D) Floorlength.30. A) Boots. B) Sneakers. C) Slippers. D) Leather shoes.31. A) Fashions change overtime.B) Men are thriftier than women.C) Skirts and shoes are more important than other clothing.D) Some clothing may suit all occasions.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Energy conservation.B) Transportation of the future.C) Strip cities.D) Advantages of air transportation over railroads.33. A) A lack of available flights.B) Long delays at the airport.C) Tiredness on long flights.D) Long trips to and from airports.34. A) It uses nuclear energy.B) It rests on a cushion of pressurized air.C) It flies over magnetically activated tracks.D) It uses a device similar with engine35. A) They are subject to fires.B) They become less fuelefficient.C) They produce too much noise.D) They have trouble staying on the tracks.Section C:Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for thefirst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exactwords you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in themissing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heardor write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for thethird time, you should check what you have written.Doctors are starting to believe that laughter not only improves your state of mind, butactually affects your entire physical wellbeing.Britai n’s first (36) ________ therapist, RobertHolden says: “Instinctively we know that laughing help us feel healthy and alive. Each time welaugh we feel better and more (37) __________.”A French newspaper found that in 1930 the French laughed on average for nineteen minutesper day. By 1980 this had fallen to six minutes. Eight per cent of the people (38) _________ saidthat they would like to laugh more. Other (39) _________ suggests that children laugh on averageabout 400 times a day, but by the time they reach (40) __________ this had been (41) _________to about fifteen times. Somewhere in the process of growing up we lose an (42) _______ 385laughs a day.William Fry, a psychiatrist from California studied the (43) _________of laughter on thebody. He got patients to watch funny films, and monitored their blood pressure, heart rate andmuscle tone. He found that laughter has a similar effect to physical exercise. (44) _________________________________________________________________________ _________. It alsomakes our facial and stomach muscles work. Fry thinks laughter is a type of jogging on the spot.Laughter can even provide a kind of pain relief. Fry had proved that laughter producesendorphinschemicalsin the body that relieve pain. Researchers divided forty university studentsinto four groups. The first group listened to a funny cassette for twenty minutes. The other threegroups (45) ____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________. Researchers found that if theyproduce pain in the students, (46) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________. Some doctors are convinced thathumor should be a part of every medical consultation, as there is evidence to suggest that laughterstimulates the immune system.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requested to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank morethan once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed ahitlistof our main fears: natural resources are 47 out;the population is ever growing,leaving less and less to eat; species are becoming 48 in vast numbers, and the planet’sair and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other naturalresources have become more 49 not less so, since the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ waspublished in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 50 ofthe world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 51 . Third, althoughspecies are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in thenext 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 52 . And finally, most forms ofenvironmental pollution either appear to have been 53 , or are transient – associated withthe early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth,but by 54 it. One form of pollution –the release of greenhouse gases that causes globalwarming – does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but itstotal impact is unlikely to 55 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A biggerproblem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standardsare declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 56 and reality.A) pose I) starvingB) exaggerated J) headC) accelerating K) runningD) extinct L) predictedE) exist M) abundantF) perception N) conceptionG) wealthy O) reducingH) magnifiedSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is, atleast in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs ormotives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work placeby examining the motives for working. Simon points out that an organization should be able tosecure the participation of a person by offering him inducements（引诱）which contribute in someway to at least one of his goals. The kinds of inducements offered by an organization are varied,and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needsof the individuals.Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He points out not only that there are manyneeds ranging from basic physiological drives such as hunger to a more abstract desire forselfrealization,but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy（等级制度）whereby the lowerorderneeds must to a large degree be satisfied before the higherorderones come into play.One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members isthrough the realization that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicatedby Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and selfrealizationneeds discussed by Maslow,factors such as associations with others, selfrespectgained through the work, and a high interestvalue of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.57. According to Maslow, a work organization is able to motivate people to work by _______.A) satisfying their physiological needsB) satisfying their selfrealizationneedsC) satisfying hierarchy of their higherorderneedD) first satisfying their lowerorderneeds58. Lowerorderneeds concern a person’s _______.A) essential physical needs C) selfrealizationB) selfrespectD) working relationships with others59. Which of the following is NOT a higher need that attractspeople to work?A) Association with others. C) Interest value of the work.B) Possibility of earning a good salary. D) Cultivation of selfrespect.60. Which of the following statements may be supported by Morse and Weiss?A) Physiological needs are the most basic.B) There is a hierarchy of needs that must be met.C) Economic factors are the greatest inducement.D) Personalesteem and the gaining of power is the most important factor.61. Simon points out that ________.A) the needs of individuals range from hunger to selfrealizationB) economic factors are not the only inducement for workingC) effective inducements must be based on what individuals wantD) inducements must not be too variedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge andthe zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. Theuniversity imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which itshould perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence.This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginativeconsideration, transforms knowledge. Afact is no longer a burden on the memory, it is energizing as the poet of our dreams and as thearchitect of our purposes.Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. It worksby eliciting the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and then by anintellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. It enablesmen to construct an intellectual vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by thesuggestion of satisfying purposes.Youth is imaginative, and if the imagination be strengthened by discipline, this energy ofimagination can in great measure be preserved through life. The tragedy of the world is that thosewho are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feebleimagination. Fools act on imagination without knowledge;pedants（学究）act on knowledgewithout imagination. The task of university is to weld together imagination and experience.62. The main theme of the passage is ____.A) the access to knowledge in universityB) the function of universitiesC) the role of imagination in our livesD) the relationship between imagination and experience63. According to the passage, the justification for a university is that ____.A) it presents facts and experience to young and oldB) it imparts knowledge to imaginative peopleC) it combines imagination with knowledge and experienceD) it enables men to construct an intellectual vision of the world64. The word “eliciting” in paragraph 2 probably means ____.A) applying C) drawing forthB) challenging D) preserving65. Which of the following is NOT discussed as one of the things imagination can do?A) It makes our life exciting and worthwhile.B) It helps us to understand the world.C) It helps us to formulate Laws about the facts.D) It provides inspiration to the artists.66. According to the author, the tragedy of the world is that ____.A) our energy of imagination cannot be preservedB) our imagination is seldom disciplinedC) we grow old inevitablyD) too many people are either fools or pedantsPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that bestfits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转) around the earth. An ___67___ 7% did not know which revolved around ___68___ I have nodoubt that ___69___ all of these people were ___70___ in school that the earth revolves aroundthe sun; ___71___ may even have written it ___72___ a test. But they never ___73___ theirincorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) ___74___ because their everyday observationsdidn’t sup port ___75___ their teachers told them: People see the sun “moving” ___76___ the skyas morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的) ___77__ that is happening.Students can learn the right answers ___78___ heart in class, and yet never combined them___79__ their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor acceptsand the ___80___ personal understanding of the world can ___81___ side by side, each unaffectedby the other.Outside of class, the student continues to sue the ___82___ model because it has alwaysworked well ___83___ that circumstance. Unless professors address ___84___ errors in students’personal models of the world, students are not ___85___ to replace them with the ___86___ one.67. A) excessive B) extra C) additional D) added68. A) what B) which C) that D) other69. A) virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferably70. A) learned B) suggested C) taught D) advised71. A) those B) these C) who D) they72. A) on B) with C) under D) for73. A) formed B) altered C) believed D) thought74. A) operation B) position C) motion D) location75. A) how B) which C) that D) what76. A) around B) across C) on D) above77. A) since B) so C) while D) for78. A) to B) by C) in D) with79. A) with B) into C) to D) along80. A) adult’s B) teacher’s C) scientist’s D) student’s81. A) exist B) occur C) survive D) maintain82. A) private B) individual C) personal D) own83. A) in B) with C) on D) for84. A) general B) natural C) similar D) specific85. A) obliged B) likely C) probable D) partial86. A) perfect B) better C) reasonable D) correctPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinesegiven in brackets.87. _____________________________( 只要每个中国人) works to his capacity in theconstruction of China’s economy, the rise of Chinese nation is round the corner.88. With a special train ticket you can ___________________________________（任何国家旅行）in Europe for just over 100 pounds.89. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, thenumber of tourists_________________________ (和以前一样多).90. The hotel manager, ________________________(我向他投诉过) about the service，refunded part of our bill.91. The Tower of London, _____________________________________________ (在里面曾有许多人丧命) is now a tourist attraction.答案Part I WritingTo Get along with Your RoommateRoommate conflicts among college students are often heard on campus over recent years.Study shows that these conflicts make the excitement of campus life grow grey and have badeffects on both their living and learning.Roommate conflicts often spring from daily trivial things such as time when to turn off thelight and space where to store luggage or personal belongs. When pe rsonalities don’t mix, thespecifics can tear roommates apart and sometimes even lead to serious conflicts. Besides, the factthat roommates hold different attitudes towards certain issue is another factor causing theseconflicts.Roommate conflicts are harmful and need to be settled. Though many people think that schooldiscipline can soften the conflicts, I believe learning to be tolerant with each other can play a moreconstructive role because it teaches students flexibility and。
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。
2. 需要花时间去选择职业。
3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。
Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the nextcentury.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. Hefears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “t here will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 millionpeople a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.［C］Government planners over-pumped its water.［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .［A］does more good than harm［B］solves more problems than what they created［C］does more harm than good［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include .［A］population growth and water waste［B］water pollution and dry weather［C］water waste and pollution［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?［A］living in rich areas［B］living in big cities but poor condition［C］depending on groundwater［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams.［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?［A］By covering the whole surface of the water.［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water .［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers.［C］ordinary people and manufacturers.［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Wait for the sale to start.［B］Get further information about the sale.［C］Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.［D］Buy a new suit.12.［A］He doesn’t think that John is ill.［B］He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.［C］He is aware that John is ill.［D］He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.［A］Before six.［B］At six.［C］After six.［D］After seven.14.［A］It is bigger.［B］It has a prettier color.［C］It has a larger yard.［D］It is brighter.15.［A］Australian and American.［B］Guest and host.［C］Husband and wife.［D］Professor and student.16.［A］1∶30.［B］11∶00.［C］9∶30.［D］10∶00.17.［A］He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late. ［B］He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.［C］He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.［D］He prefers traveling with the woman.18.［A］He thinks she should visit her cousin. ［B］Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.［C］Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.［D］He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］Two different types of bones in the human body.［B］How bones help the body move.［C］How bones continuously repair themselves.［D］The chemical composition of human bones.20.［A］They defend the bone against viruses.［B］They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.［C］They break down bone tissue.［D］They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.［A］They have difficulty identifying these cells.［B］They aren’t sure how these cells work.［C］They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.［D］They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.［A］To learn how to prevent a bone disease.［B］To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.［C］To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.［D］To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］A new fuel for buses.［B］The causes of air pollution.［C］A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.［D］Careers in environmental engineering.24.［A］Her car is being repaired. ［B］She wants to help reduce pollution.［C］Parking is difficult in the city.［D］The cost of fuel has increased.25.［A］A fuel that burns cleanly.［B］An oil additive that helps cool engines.［C］A material from which filters are made.［D］An insulating material sprayed on engine partsSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］From three to five months.［B］Three months. ［C］Five months.［D］Four months.27.［A］Watch traffic.［B］Obey commands.［C］Cross streets safely.［D］Guard the door.28.［A］Three weeks. ［B］Two weeks. ［C］Four weeks. ［D］Five weeks.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Two to four times.［B］Four to six times.［C］Four to eight times.［D］Six to ten times.30.［A］Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.［B］People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.［C］People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.［D］Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.31.［A］People dream so as to sleep better.［B］People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.［C］Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.［D］Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］A sales representative.［B］A store manager.［C］A committee chairperson.［D］A class president.33.［A］To determine who will graduate this year.［B］To discuss the seating arrangement.［C］To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.［D］To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.34.［A］Their names, phone numbers and job preference.［B］The names and addresses of their guests.［C］The names of the committee they worked on last year.［D］Their dormitory name, address and phone number.35.［A］In an hour.［B］Next week.［C］In one month.［D］Next year.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the English (36)system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)for the Ordinary (43)of the General Certificate of Education. (44). Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45). Evenat the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking placeswere51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car drivingcustomers52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls,53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54areas to outlying malls. And the growing55of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.［A］designed ［F］convenience ［K］cosmetics［B］take ［G］services ［L］started［C］heart ［H］fame ［M］downtown［D］needed ［I］various ［N］available ［C］though ［H］popularity ［M］cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalizationis a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptanceor rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?［A］All international managers can learn culture.［B］Business diversity is not necessary.［C］Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.［D］Most people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi.［A］is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around ［B］is different from the model of McDonald’s［C］shows the reverse of globalization［D］has converged cultural differences59.The two schools of thought.［A］both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures［B］both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries ［C］admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world［D］both A and B60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those.［A］who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity［B］who have connections to more than one type of culture［C］who want to travel abroad［D］who want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful international companies.［A］earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas［B］all have the quality of patience［C］will follow the overseas local cultures［D］adopt the policy of internationalizationPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speedof the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.62.The passage is mainly concerned with .［A］the different tastes of people for sports［B］the different characteristics of sports［C］the attraction of football［D］the attraction of baseball63.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that. ［A］it is only to the taste of the old［B］it involves fewer players than football［C］it is not exciting enough［D］it is pretentious and looks funny64.The author admits that.［A］baseball is too peaceful for the young［B］baseball may seem boring when watched on TV［C］football is more attracting than baseball［D］baseball is more interesting than football65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).［A］the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game［B］even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result［C］the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well［D］the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it66.We can safely conclude that the author.［A］likes football［B］hates football［C］hates baseball［D］likes baseballPart Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the WorldCup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to69 the news. Newspapers have one basic70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication.73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the74and thus the efficiency of their own operations.Today more newspapers are75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers77 and influence readers about politics and othe r important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’economic choices78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very79 . Newspapers are sold at a price that80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The82in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends84on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper ’ s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.67.［A］Just when［B］While［C］Soon after［D］Before68.［A］to give［B］giving［C］given［D］being given69.［A］gather［B］spread［C］carry［D］bring70.［A］reason［B］cause［C］problem［D］purpose71.［A］make［B］publish［C］know［D］write72.［A］another［B］other［C］one another［D］the other73.［A］However［B］And［C］Therefore［D］So74.［A］value［B］ratio［C］rate［D］speed75.［A］spread［B］passed［C］printed［D］completed76.［A］inform［B］be informed［C］to informed［D］informed77.［A］entertain［B］encourage［C］educate［D］edit78.［A］on［B］through［C］with［D］of79.［A］forms［B］existence［C］contents［D］purpose80.［A］tries to cover［B］manages to cover［C］fails to cover［D］succeeds in81.［A］source ［B］origin［C］course［D］finance82.［A］way［B］means［C］chance ［D］success83.［A］measures［B］measured［C］is measured［D］was measured84.［A］somewhat ［B］little［C］much［D］something85.［A］offering［B］offered［C］which offered［D］to be offered86.［A］by ［B］with［C］at［D］aboutPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).参考答案及解析Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。
4级考试模拟测试题及答案
4级考试模拟测试题及答案一、听力部分（共30分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
A. 他昨天去了图书馆。
B. 他今天去了图书馆。
C. 他明天打算去图书馆。
D. 他没有去过图书馆。
[答案：B]2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：Q: 短文中提到了哪些地方？A: 短文中提到了公园、电影院和博物馆。
[答案：公园、电影院和博物馆]二、阅读部分（共30分）1. 阅读以下短文，判断下列句子是否正确。
A. 文章主要讨论了环境保护的重要性。
B. 文章提到了人们应该减少使用塑料。
C. 文章建议人们多使用公共交通工具。
D. 文章认为个人的努力对环境保护没有作用。
[答案：A、B、C正确，D错误]2. 阅读以下段落，回答问题。
Q: 作者为什么选择骑自行车上班？A: 作者选择骑自行车上班是因为这样既环保又健康。
[答案：既环保又健康]三、写作部分（共20分）1. 根据以下提示写一篇不少于120字的短文。
提示：你的朋友最近感到压力很大，你给他写了一封信，建议他如何缓解压力。
[范文]亲爱的李明，听说你最近压力很大，我想给你一些建议。
首先，你可以尝试做一些运动，比如跑步或游泳，这有助于减轻压力。
其次，与朋友和家人交流也是一个很好的方法。
最后，保持积极的心态，相信自己能够克服困难。
希望这些建议对你有所帮助。
祝好，张华四、翻译部分（共20分）1. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英文。
A. 我们应该尊重每个人的选择。
B. 这个城市的交通非常便利。
[答案]A. We should respect everyone's choice.B. The transportation in this city is very convenient.结束语：本模拟测试题旨在帮助考生熟悉4级考试的题型和难度，希望考生能够通过练习提高自己的英语水平，并在考试中取得优异的成绩。
祝所有考生好运！。
大学英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（1）
Model Test 1 Part One Listening Comprehension Section A Directions： In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre. Example： You will hear： You will read： A） At the office. B） In the waiting room. C） At the airport. D） In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A） At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. 1. A） She is not interested in the article. B） She has given the man much trouble. C） She would like to have a copy of the article. D） She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A） He saw the big tower he visited on TV~ B） He has visited the TV tower twice. C） He has visited the TV tower once. D） He will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A） The woman has trouble getting along with the professor. B） The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time. C） The woman knows the professor has been busy. D） The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A） He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B） He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job. C） He thinks the pay is too low to support his family, D） He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A） The man thought the essay was easy. B） They both had a hard time writing the essay. C） The woman thought the essay was easy. D） Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A） In the park. B） Between two buildings C） In his apartment. D） Under a huge tree. 7. A） It's awfully dull. B） It's really exciting. C） it's very exhausting. D） It's quite challenging. 8. A） movie. B） A lecture. C） A play. D） A speech. 9. A） The weather is mild compared to the past years. B） They are having the coldest winter ever. C） The weather will soon get warmer. D） The weather may get even colder. 10. A） The mystery story. B） The hiring of a shop assistant. C） The search for a reliable witness. D） An unsolved case of robbery. Section B Passage One Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A） They want to change the way English is taught. B） They learn English to find well-paid jobs. C） They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. D） They know clearly what they want to learn. 12. A ） Professionals. B） College students. C） Beginners D） Intermediate earners. 13. A） Courses for doctors. B） Courses for businessmen. C） Courses for reporters. D） Courses for lawyers. 14. A） Three groups of learners. B） The importance of business English. C） English for Specific Purposes. D） Features of English for different papacies. Passage Two Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard. 15. A） To show off their wealth. B） To feel good. C） To regain their memory. D） To be different from others. 16. A） To help solve their psychological problems. B） To play games with them. C） To send sham to the hospital. D） To make them aware of its harmfulness. 17. A） They need care and affection. B） They are fond of round-the-world trips. C） They are mostly from broken families. D） They are likely to commit crimes. Passage Three Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 18. A） Because it was too heavy. B） Because it did not bend easily. C） Because it did not shoot far. D） Because its string was short. 19. A） It went out of use 300 years ago B） h was invented alter the short how. C） It was discovered before fire and the wheel. D） It's still in use today. 20. A） They are accurate and easy to pull. B） Their shooting range is 40 yards. C） They are usually used indoors. D） They took 100 years to develop. Part II Reading Comprehension （35 minutes） Directions： There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）。
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听力（略）
Part II Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D),
and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)
Passage 1
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.
Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies.
Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk
that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking
her own children and neighbors' children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.
More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.
26. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ________.
A) cars are a source of pleasure for them
B) they need a car to form a car pool
C) they live more than a mile away from the school
D) cars form necessary part in their life
27. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?
A) Office workers.
B) Police and mail carriers.
C) Salesmen and farmers.
D) Factory workers.
28. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ________.
A) children have to walk to school
B) school buses take all the children to school
C) mothers drive children to school
D) families usually live within a mile from the school
29. "A car pool" most probably means ________.。