中考英语总复习八年级(下)Units 5-6 教材知识梳理

八年级(下)Units5-6
安徽中考真题精选
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.(2020·安徽第26题)—This time,we must depend on ourselves to solve the problem.
—I agree. but we ourselves can find a way out.(B)
A.Everybody
B.Nobody
C.Somebody
D.Anybody
2.(2019·安徽第41题)—Shall we go to the airport to your sister?
—I don’t think it’s necessary.She will come here by taxi.(B)
A.see off
B.pick up
C.look after
e across
3.(2018·安徽第34题)—I am afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work.
—Don’t worry.I will you then.(C)
A.notice
B.allow
C.remind
D.promise
4.(2018·安徽第36题)Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three.(C)
A.of
B.in
C.against
D.from
5.(2016·安徽第32题)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.(C)
A.sleep
B.idea
C.voice
D.time
6.(2016·安徽第41题)I saw Sam and David in the playground yesterday afternoon.They games with their classmates then.(D)
A.play
B.will play
C.are playing
D.were playing
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1.(2014·安徽第98题)You are brave　(勇敢的) enough to accept such a difficult job.
2.(2013·安徽第97题)I could hear her sweet voice　(嗓音) from the next room.
3.(2011·安徽第100题)He told me to go out to find some sticks　(枝条) for a fire.
熟词生义
1.alarm
熟义:n.闹钟
生义:n.警报;警告
v.警报;警告;使惊恐;使担心
(1)I didn’t want to alarm him by telling him that she was ill.　使担心　
(2)The app’s alarm cannot be easily turned off.　闹钟　
2.light
熟义:n.光;光线;光亮
生义:v.点亮;点燃
n.灯;交通信号灯
adj.少量的;轻的;轻松的;浅色的
(1)The room has been lit with colorful lights.　v.点亮　n.灯　
(2)Never cross the street when the red light is on.(2020·安徽)　交通信号灯　
(3)The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light,so you needn’t worry about its weight.(2019·安徽)　轻的　
3.match
熟义:n.火柴
生义:v.(使)相配;般配;匹配
n.比赛;竞赛;相配的人(或物);般配的人(或物)
(1)My grandma is crazy about the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team and watches almost all their matches on TV.(2020·福建)　比赛;竞赛　
(2)I’m looking for a pair of shoes to match my white dress.　匹配　
4.against
熟义:prep.倚;碰;撞
生义:prep.反对;违反;(在比赛或战斗中)与……竞争,对抗
From then on,I made up my mind to do something against drugs.(2020·贵州遵义)　反对　
5.rise
熟义:v.& n.升起;增加;提高
生义:v.起床;起立;升起
(1)Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.　起床　
(2)The sun rises in the east.　升起　
6.date
熟义:n.日期;日子
生义:v.注明日期于;追溯到;和……约会
n.约会;会晤时间
(1)This kind of building dates back to the Ming Dynasty.　追溯到　
(2)I’ve got a date with Lucy tomorrow night.　约会　
7.object
熟义:n.物体;物品
生义:n.目标v.不赞成;反对
(1)The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects.(2008·安徽)　物体;物品　
(2)Her only object in life is to become a volleyball player.　目标　
(3)Many local people object to the building of the new airport.　反对　
8.fit
熟义:v.适合;合身
生义:adj.健康的;适合的
(1)Taking some exercise every day will burn off fat and make you fit.(2016·安徽)　健康的　
(2)I tried the dress on but it didn’t fit me.　适合　
(3)This is not a fit place for you to live.　适合的　
9.bright
熟义:adv.光亮地;明亮地
adj.明亮的;光线充足的;光明的
生义:adj.聪明的
(1)They both have a long history and a bright future.(2020·黑龙江大庆)　光明的　
(2)She is helpless for the moment however bright a girl she is.　聪明的　
10.lead
熟义:v.带路;领路
n.领导;领袖
生义:v.过(某种生活);率领;导致;通向
n.领先地位;榜样;主角
(1)This will lead him to lose confidence of doing the work again.　导致　
(2)Then you are probably quiet,shy,and would rather follow than lead.(2011·安徽)　领导　
(3)The team recovered its lead in the second half.　领先地位　
名师考点精讲
考点1　pick up的用法
【教材原句】
I called at seven and you didn’t pick up.我7点给你打电话,你没有接。

(P34)
pick up为动副短语,有多种含义。

常见含义如下:
释义例句
拿起;提起;拾起;捡起He picked his hat up from the floor and put it on his head.他从地上捡起帽子,把它戴在了头上。

挑选Did you pick up the gifts for our teachers?你给我们的老师挑选礼物了吗?
(通常指开车)接;载;取走We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan.我们第二天早上开车去机场接苏珊。

接收到(信号或声音)We were able to pick up BBC World Service here.这里可以接收到英国广播公司世界广播部的节目。

(不费力地)获得;学会Where did you pick up your English?你在哪里学的英语?
得(病);染上It’s easy for children to pick up bad habits when they are young.孩子小的时候容易染上坏习惯。

(健康)好转;恢复He is beginning to pick up after the operation.手术后他的病有了起色。

活学活用
(2020·甘肃天水)—Shall we go to the airport to your sister?
—No.She will come here by taxi.
A.give up
B.pick up
C.look after
e across
【解析】考查动词短语。

句意:——我们要去机场接你的姐姐吗?——不用,她会乘出租车来这里。

give up“放弃”;pick up“(开车)接”;look after“照顾”;come across“偶然遇到”。

根据答语可知,问句问的是“是否去机场接姐姐”,应用pick up。

【答案】B
考点2　辨析beat,win,lose和fail
【教材原句】
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨猛烈地敲击着窗户的时候,本正在帮妈妈做晚饭。

(P35)
1.beat作名词时,意为“跳动;节拍”;作动词时,意为“敲打;打败;战胜”,其宾语通常是人、球队等。

常用搭配:beat sb.at/in sth.“在某事上战胜某人”。

例如:
He beat me at chess.他下棋赢了我。

He beat me in the race.他在赛跑中赢了我。

2.win意为“赢;胜利”,其后接的宾语一般是奖品、比赛、辩论、选举、战斗等名词。

例如:
We are looking forward to winning the match tonight.我们期待今晚能赢得比赛。

3.lose意为“未赢;被打败;输掉(比赛、诉讼案件、辩论等)”。

常用搭配:lose sth.“输掉某物”;lose to sb.“输给某人”。

例如:
We lost the basketball match yesterday.我们昨天输了篮球比赛。

We lost to Class 2 in the basketball match yesterday.我们在昨天的篮球比赛中输给了二班。

4.fail意为“不成功;失败;未能做到”。

常用搭配:fail to do sth.“未能做成某事”;fail in sth.“做某事失败;在某方面不足”。

例如:
She failed to get into an art college.她未能进入艺术学校。

活学活用
1.You should believe in yourself.Nobody else can you.
A.win
B.beat
C.lose
D.fail
【解析】考查动词。

句意:你应该相信你自己。

没有人能打败你。

根据语境可知,此处表
示“战胜”,且后接人作宾语,应用beat。

【答案】B
2.—I’ve tried hard at my schoolwork but still .
—Don’t be upset.Sometimes losing is only a sign that you really tried.
A.failed
B.worried
C.improved
D.succeeded
【解析】考查动词。

句意:——我已经很努力学习功课了,但是仍然不及格。

——别沮丧。

有时失败只是你真正努力过的表现。

根据语境可知,此处指学习方面的失败,应用fail“失败;不及格”。

worry“担心”;improve“提高;进步”;succeed“成功”。

【答案】A
考点3　against的用法
【教材原句】
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨猛烈地敲击着窗户的时候,本正在帮妈妈做晚饭。

(P35)
against作介词,常见用法如下:
释义举例
逆(与某个方向或过程相反)swim against the river逆水游泳
碰;撞hit against a tree撞到了一棵树
倚;紧靠(与……接触)stand against the wall靠墙站着
反对be against war反对战争
(在比赛或战斗中)
win the match/game against Class 5在与五班对抗的比赛中取得胜利与……竞争,对抗
(1)若表示“强烈反对”,一般与副词strongly,heavily等词搭配。

例如:
They are strongly against the idea.他们强烈反对这个主意。

(2)disagree 也有“反对;不同意”之意,但disagree 是动词。

例如:
I disagree with you.=I’m against you.我反对你的观点。

活学活用
Let’s put the piano over there, the wall.
A.above
B.against
C.across
D.around
【解析】考查介词。

根据语境可知,此处指将钢琴靠墙放着,应用介词against。

above“在……上面”;across“横过;在……对面”;around“围绕”。

【答案】B
考点4　in silence的用法
【教材原句】
My parents did not talk after that,and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.我的父母在那之后没有说话,我们沉默地吃完了剩下的晚餐。

(P38)
in silence是固定介词短语,意为“沉默地;无声地”。

例如:
The whole ceremony took place in complete silence.仪式全程都在寂静无声中进行。

常见类似的短语
(1)in surprise意为“惊讶地”。

例如:
He is looking at the photo in surprise.他正惊讶地看着那张照片。

(2)in danger意为“处于危险之中”。

例如:
Now many wild animals are in danger.现在很多野生动物都处于危险之中。

(3)in common意为“共同的”。

例如:
I have nothing in common with Jane.我和简没有任何共同之处。

(4)in public意为“公开地;当众地”。

例如:
She was appearing in public for the first time since her illness.她自患病以来第一次公开露面。

(5)in total意为“总共,合计”。

例如:
That will cost you $7 in total.你总共需要花费7美元。

活学活用
When hearing the sad news,they walked along the street and said nothing.
A.in danger
B.in common
C.in silence
D.in public
【解析】考查介词短语。

句意:当听到这个不幸的消息时,他们沉默地沿着街道走着,什么也没说。

in danger“处在危险之中”;in common“共同的”:in silence“沉默地”;in public“公开地”。

根据“and said nothing”可知,他们沉默地沿着街道走。

【答案】C
考点5　remind的用法
【教材原句】
This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们,除非你试图让它发生,否则你永远不会知道什么是可能的。

(P42)
例如:
If my father forgets it,I hope you can remind him.如果我的父亲忘了这件事的话,我希望你可以提醒他一下。

Please remind me to call him back.请提醒我给他回电话。

This photo reminds me of my childhood.这张照片使我想起了我的童年。

That suddenly reminded her that she had promised to ring them up.那突然使她想起自己答应要给他们打电话。

活学活用
单词拼写
The song Dream It Possible often reminds/reminded　(提醒) me that we should always try our best and never give up catching our dreams.
【解析】考查单词拼写。

根据首字母及汉语提示可知此处应填remind。

句中无明确的时间状语,且主语是第三人称单数,故此处应填reminds/reminded。

考点6　get married的用法
【教材原句】
The new couple were so happy that they couldn’t stop smiling when they got married.这对新婚夫妇是那么高兴,以至于在结婚时止不住地笑。

(P44)
get married意为“结婚”,是系表结构,其中married可看作是形容词。

例如:
Chris and Debbie got married last summer.克瑞斯和黛比在去年夏天结了婚。

辨析get married和marry
(1)get married是系表结构,其中married是形容词。

get/be married to sb.意为“与某人结婚;
某人娶了某人;某人嫁给了某人”。

例如:
The girl got married to the famous writer.那个女孩嫁给了那个著名的作家。

(2)marry是动词,意为“结婚;嫁;娶”。

例如:
Tom married Lucy four years ago.汤姆四年前与露西结了婚。

活学活用
同义句转换,每空一词
They don’t have any plans to marry at present.
They don’t have any plans to get/be married at present.
【解析】考查同义句转换。

句意:他们现在没有任何结婚的计划。

题干对marry进行了挖空并要求填两个单词。

marry相当于get/be married。

考点7　fit的用法
【教材原句】
The prince knew that unless the girl’s foot could fit the shoe,it was not the right girl.王子知道除非女孩的脚与鞋子正合适,否则她就不是他要找的那个女孩。

(P44)
fit的常见用法:
意为“适合的,恰当的”,和系动词连用。

常见搭配:be fit for“适合……”。

作形容词
意为“健康的;健壮的”,常和feel或keep等连用,表示精神极好、保持健康等。

作及物动词,意为“使适合;胜任”,常与介词for或to连用。

作动词
作不及物动词,意为“适合,吻合”。

例如:
He isn’t fit for the work.他不适合做这项工作。

I hope you are keeping fit.我希望你保持健康。

Some training will fit them for the job.经过一些训练,他们就会胜任这项工作。

The shoes don’t fit well.这双鞋不合脚。

辨析fit,match和suit
fit多指尺寸、大小、形状合适,引申为“吻合;协调”。

match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配;也可指能力和水平与某人相配。

suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。

例如:
This new jacket fits her well.这件新夹克很合她的身。

This new jacket matches her trousers.这件新夹克与她的裤子很相配。

This new jacket suits her well.这件新夹克很适合她。

活学活用
I don’t want to buy this pair of shoes because they don’t me.
A.match
B.fit
C.accept
D.beat
【解析】考查动词。

句意:我不想买这双鞋,因为它们不适合我。

match意为“与(某物)(在颜色等方面)相配”;fit意为“(形状、大小等)合身”;accept“接受”;beat“击打”。

B项符合语境。

【答案】B
考点8　lead的用法
【教材原句】
It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread,cake and candy.它正把我们引向
那座由面包、蛋糕和糖果做成的美妙房屋。

(P47)
辨析lead,guide和direct
(1)lead表示“带路;领路”,指走在前头,引到目的地。

例如:
You lead,and we’ll follow.你带头,我们跟着你。

(2)guide表示引着参观,强调一直陪在一旁,边走边讲。

例如:
She guided the tourists around the city.她带领游客参观了这个城市。

(3)direct表示指路,只指出方向,不一同去。

例如:
Could you direct me to the railway station?你能指给我去火车站的路吗?
活学活用
单词拼写
I don’t know the way,so you’d better lead　(带头).
【解析】考查单词拼写。

根据首字母及汉语提示可知此处填单词lead;had better后跟动词原形,故填lead。

考点9　voice的用法
【教材原句】
Then they hear an old woman’s voice from inside the house.接着他们听见一个老妇人的声音从房子里面传来。

(P47)
voice作名词,意为“嗓音”,为不可数名词。

例如:
He said something to the boy in a low voice.他低声对那个小男孩说了什么事情。

辨析voice,noise和sound
(1)voice“嗓音;说话声”,可指人说、唱、哭、笑所发出的声音,也可指鸟鸣,但不能指野兽的吼叫。

例如:
He has a good singing voice.他唱歌的声音很好听。

(2)noise“噪音;嘈杂声”,指令人感到厌烦的声音,尤指人或动物的喧闹声、噪音等。

例如:
Who’s making those strange noises?谁在制造这些奇怪的噪音?
(3)sound“声音;声响”,泛指人听到的任何声音。

例如:
Sound travels at 340 meters per second in air.声音在空气中以每秒340米的速度传播。

活学活用
用voice,noise或sound填空
1.The noise of the heavy traffic kept the baby awake.
2.My mother heard a strange sound yesterday afternoon when she was doing cleaning.
3.When the teacher came into the classroom,our monitor spoke in a loud voice　,“Stand up!”
【解析】考查单词辨析。

第1题,表示交通的噪音使得那个小孩醒着,用noise,;第2题,表示妈妈昨天下午打扫卫生的时候听到了奇怪的声音,用sound;第3题,表示当老师走进教室的时候,班长用很大的声音喊“起立”,用voice。

考点10　So,when the rainstorm suddenly came,what were you doing?那么,当暴风雨突然来临的时候,你在干什么呢?(P34)
when意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句。

例如:
When you called,I was taking a shower.当你打来电话的时候,我正在洗澡。

when和while的区别
when和while都有“当……时候”的意思。

但when引导时间状语从句时,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是短暂性的,可与主句动作同时发生,也可先于主句动作发生。

while在引导时间状语从句时,其谓语动词只能是延续性动词,而且也只能与主句的动作
同时发生。

例如:
I was just cooking when she came into my house.当她走进我家时,我正在做饭。

She came into my house while I was just cooking.当我正在做饭时,她走进了我家。

活学活用
1.(2020·山西改编)Swimming is,of course,interesting.But we plan to go swimming,being safe must come first.
A.though
B.when
C.unless
D.because
【解析】考查从属连词。

句意:游泳当然很有趣。

但当我们打算去游泳时,安全必须是第一位的。

though意为“虽然;即使”,引导让步状语从句;when意为“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句;unless意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句;because意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。

根据语境可知,此处应用when引导时间状语从句。

【答案】B
2.(2020·江苏扬州)Lucy held her head up like a queen Bill was telling his tale.
A.after
B.before
C.while
D.until
【解析】考查从属连词。

句意:在比尔讲故事的时候,露西像女王一样昂起了头。

after“在……之后”;before“在……以前”;while“当……时候;在……期间”;until“直到……”。

根据语境可知,此处应用while引导时间状语从句。

【答案】C
考点11　As soon as the man finished talking,Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.那个人一说完,愚公就说他的家人在他死后会继续移山。

(P42)
as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。

例如:
I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back.他一回来,我就会把这个消息告诉他。

as soon as引导时间状语从句时,遵循“主将从现”的规则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作。

例如:
Will you please return the book to me as soon as you finish reading it?你一读完这本书
就请把它还给我,好吗?
活学活用
(2020·辽宁营口)The clever boy called 120 his mother fell down in the kitchen.
A.although
B.as soon as
C.as long as
D.until
【解析】考查从属连词。

句意:那个聪明的男孩一看到妈妈在厨房里跌倒了,他就拨打了120。

although“尽管”;as soon as“一……就……”;as long as“只要”;until“直到……”。

根据语境可知,此处应用as soon as引导时间状语从句。

【答案】B
考点12　Finally,a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.最终,天帝被愚公所感动,于是,他派了两个天神把山移走了。

(P42)
so...that意为“如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句。

其中so后接形容词或副词。

例如:
The story is so interesting that I want to read it again.这个故事是如此有趣以至于我想
再读一遍。

(1)辨析so...that和such...that。

so...that和such...that均可引导结果状语从句,但so...that的结构是so+adj./adv.+that从句。

而such...that的结构是such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that从句。

例如:
He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.他跑得那么快,我追不上他。

It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again.这是一个如此有趣的故事,以至于我想把它再读一遍。

(2)辨析so...that和too...to。

so...that引导的是复合句,而too...to结构用于简单句中。

当so...that引导的结果状语从句为否定句时,可以用too...to转换。

例如:
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.=The boy is too young to go to school.这个男孩太小了,不能上学。

(3)辨析so...that和...enough to。

so...that引导的是复合句,而...enough to结构用于简单句中。

当so...that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时,可以用...enough to转换。

例如:
He is so tall that he can pick the apples.=He is tall enough to pick the apples.他足够高,能摘到苹果。

活学活用
(2020·湖南岳阳改编)The movie Ne Zha is educational I want to see it again.
A.so;that
B.such;that
C.too;to
D.enough;to
【解析】考查从属连词。

so...that“如此……以至于”,so后接形容词或副词,引导结果状语从句;such...that“如此……以至于”,such后接名词,引导结果状语从句;too...to“太……而不能……”,表示否定,后接结果状语;...enough to“足够……以至于……”,表示肯定,后接结果状语。

根据第二个空后为一个完整的句子可知,排除C、D两项;根据两个空之间只有一个形容词educational可知,本句应用so...that引导结果状语从句。

【答案】A。