（完整版）定语从句讲解总结

（完整版）定语从句讲解总结
定语从句讲解
⼀．定语从句
1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语⽆论多长都放在被修饰词的前⾯，⽽英语中的定语则不然，是⼀个词时，放在被修饰词的前⾯，如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy
是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后⾯，
如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红⾐的⼥孩。

④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位⼥⼠背了个装满钱的包。

⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的⼈。

2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句⼦缺少成分。

如上⾯第5：主句：He is the man
从句：who you are looking for
在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选⽤关系代词 who(whom)放置于句⾸，便是定语从句。

3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：
He is the man you are looking for.
⼆．定语从句（从句部分）
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先⾏词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先⾏词
（1）先⾏词⼀般是名词和不定代词，
如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。

数词也可以作先⾏词，⼈称代词也同样可作先⾏词。

（2）先⾏词与关系词是等量关系。

必须注意两点：
①先⾏词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先⾏词⽽定。

This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句⼦中充当了成分，其意思就是先⾏词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。

关系副词：when, where, why。

that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先⾏词指的是什么。

（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

⼀．关系代词which的⽤法
1.English is a language.
It is spoken all over the world.
=> English is a language which is spoken all over the world. 英语是世界各地都在使⽤的语⾔。

2.He looked for a car.
The engine of the car was in good condition.
=>He looked for a car the engine of which was in good condition.
3.Where is the parcel?
We received it this morning.
=> Where is the parcel (which) we received this morning? 今天早上我们收到的包裹在哪⾥？⼆．关系代词that的⽤法
1.He 's in love with a girl that/who has red hair. 他正和⼀位红发⼥孩谈恋爱。

2.Baseball is the sport that/ which most boys like. 棒球是⼤多数男孩喜欢的运动。

三．注意that/ which区别：
在定语从句中，当先⾏词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜⽤that⽽不⽤which
（1）先⾏词被形容词最⾼级修饰
1. Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced. 今天是我们经历过最寒冷的⼀天。

（2）先⾏词被序数词修饰
2. The first thing (that) you have to do is to study mathematics.
你必须做的第⼀件事就是学习数学。

（3）先⾏词中既有⼈⼜有物时。

3. The driver and the car that had fallen into the sea were quickly recovered.
掉到海⾥的司机和车⼦很快就被捞起来了。

（4）主句中已有疑问词who 或 which 时
4.1 Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 在⼤会上被表扬的那位妇⼥是谁？
4.2 Which is the picture (that) Mary painted? 哪⼀幅是Mary 画的画？
（5）先⾏词被 only、any、few、little、no、all、one of、the same、the very等修饰时。

5. Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 李明是唯⼀⼀个想当⽼师的学⽣之⼀。

（6）先⾏词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。

6.1 All (that) he said was not true. 他所说的并⾮全是真的。

6.2 We haven't got much that we can offer you. 我们没有多少东西能⾝你们提供。

6.3 My brother fixed almost anything that needed repairing. 我哥哥⼏乎修理了任何⼀个需要修理的东西。

（7）有两个定语从句，其中⼀个关系代词已⽤which,另⼀个宜⽤that.
7. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
爱迪⽣办了⼀家⼯⼚，⽣产过去从未见到过的东西。

在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词宜⽤which ⽽不⽤that
(1)可⽤于⾮限定性定语从句中，代替物、整个主句或主句中的⼀部分。

(2)可⽤于介词之后，即介词 + which (代物)。

1.Is that the man?
You lent the money to him.
Is that the man (whom/that) you lent the money to . 那位就是跟你借钱的⼈吗？
Is that the man to whom you lent the money ?(这⾥的whom不能被that代替)
2. The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late. 那班我正在等的⽕车现在已晚了半⼩时。

3. This is the habit which you must try to do with. 这是你必须改掉的习惯。

（如果是固定短语，介词不能被提到关系代词前）
四．关系代词who/whom的⽤法
1.This is the man with whom I worked. 这位就是和我⼀起⼯作的⼈
2.This is the teacher who often tells jokes. 这就是那个常讲笑话的⽼师。

五．关系词who与that的区别
关系词who与that指⼈时，也有不同情况分别⽤不同的关系词
（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词⽤who。

（2）先⾏词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词⽤who。

（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词⽤that。

Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。

六．关系代词whose的⽤法
Whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代⼈也可以代物
1. He looked for a car.
Its engine was in good condition.
=> He looked for a car whose engine was in good condition. 他在找⼀部引擎状况好的车⼦。

七．What的⽤法
重点：
What = the thing(s) which
= all that
= anything that
1.The thing which I want is peace of mind.
=> What I want is peace of mind. 我所析是⼼灵的平静。

（经典⼝语句）
2.She told the detectives all that they wanted to know.
=> She told the detectives what they wanted to know. 她告诉侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情。

3.I don't know what they were talking about.
A.我不知道他们谈论的事情。

（关系代词）
B.我不知道他们在谈论什么。

（疑问词）
注意what的重点：
1. What is called/ what we(you, they) call 所谓的
She is what is called /what we call a walking dictionary. 他是所谓的活字典。

2.A is to... What B is to ... A 之对...的关系正如B之对...的关系
Air is to us what water is to fish. 空⽓之于⼈犹如⽔之于鱼。

3.What A is (was/used to be) 今⽇的A（昔⽇的A）
She is not what she was ten years ago. 她不再是⼗年前的她。

4.What is + ⽐较级更...的是
What is more 更好的是；⽽且
What is worse = to make matters worse ⽽且更糟的是
⼋．关系代词可省略
1.关系代词作宾语可省略
The lady (whom) we met on the street is our teacher. 我们在街上遇见的⼥⼠是我们的⽼师。

2.关系代词作补语可省略
She is not the beautiful girl (that) she was. 她现在不像以前那么漂亮
3.在there(here) is (are)的句型中，关系代词可省略。

1.There is someone (who) wants to see you. 有⼈想要见你。

2.There are many young men who are against him. 有许多年轻⼈反对他。

注意：在there be 开头的句⼦中，要注意be动词的单、复数要与关系代词who后⾯的谓语动词的单复数保持⼀致。

4.关系代词后有there(here) is (are) ,关系代词可省略。

This is the only tie (that) there is in this store. 这是这家店⾥唯⼀的⼀个领带。

九．one of 与 the (only) one of 的区别
1.One of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词的复数
Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.
《泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞制作的最精彩的电影之⼀。

2.The (only) one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词单数
Titanic is the (only) one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood.
《泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞所制作的唯⼀⼀部精彩的电影。

⼗．Which 与as的区别
1.Which 引导的从句，代表前⾯的整个主句，此时，不能放在主句之前。

2.As 引导的定语从句,代表整个主句，它可以放主句之前或之后,as在从句中做宾语。

As everybody know, Taiwan belongs to China.
= As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。

3.先⾏词是整个句⼦的⾮限定性定语从句置于句尾时，既可⽤as引导，也可⽤which引导.
The teacher is from Beijing, as/which they know from his accent.
他们从⽼师的⼝⾳中就知道他是北京⼈。

Mary lives in an old castle, whose window faces the sea.
= Mary lives in an old castle, the window of which faces the sea.
玛丽住在⼀座古⽼的城堡中，城堡的窗户⾯向着⼤海。

⼗⼀．限定性定语从句和⾮限定性定语从句的⽤法
限定性定语从句：对先⾏词的内容加以限定。

⾮限定性定语从句:对先⾏词不加限定，只具有使句⼦连续的功能，只⽤来说明前⾯
的主句的部份或全部。

关系代词可⽤（and/but/because/for 等 + 代名词）来替换。

1.We have two daughters who became nurses. 我们有两个当护⼠的⼥⼉。

（句中没提到⼥⼉的总数）
2.We have two daughters, who became nurses. 我们有两个⼥⼉，她们都是护⼠。

（只有两个⼥⼉）
= We have two daughters, and they became nurses.
3.I have a sister who is a teacher. 我有⼀个当⽼师的姐姐（姐姐不⽌⼀个）
= I have a sister, who is a teacher. 我有⼀个姐姐，她是当⽼师的。

（只有⼀个姐姐）
4.I bought a hat, which was too big for me.
= I bought a hat, but it was too big for me.我买了⼀顶帽⼦，但我戴太⼤了。

⼗⼆、关系副词
1.关系副词的作⽤：
1.1 在定语从句中代替先⾏词。

1.2 在从句中做状语，起副词和介词短语的作⽤。

1.3 起连接作⽤，它把两个句⼦连接成为⼀个带有定语从句的主从复合句。

2.关系副词有下列三种：
1.1 where :在从句中做地点状语，指代地点。

（可⽤于⾮限定性定语从句）
即：表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句
1.2 when :在从句中做时间状语，指代时间。

（可⽤于⾮限定性定语从句）
即：表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句
1.3 why : 在从句中做原因状语，指代原因。

即：表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句
Why 只⽤于reason 之后的限制性定语从句中，作原因状语。

3.When, where, why 都可以替换成“介词+ which”,介词的选⽤取决于先⾏词和定语从句中的动词。

1.This is the house where I was born .这就是我出⽣的那所房⼦。

= This is the house in which I was born.
= This is the house which / that /可省 I was born in.
4.关系副词when, where 既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导⾮限必定语从句。

5. 先⾏词为reason 时，限制性定语从句可以⽤why 或for which 来引导；⾮限制性定从句则只能⽤for which 来引导。

1.I had told them the reason, ____ I didn't attend the meeting.
A.For which
B. At which
C. For whom
D. Why
2. I had told them the reason _____ I didn't attend the meeting.
A. When
B. Which
C. Why
D. For that
6.Whom 在限制性定语从句中可以被who代替，但在⾮限制性定语从句中，whom不能⽤who代替。

7.关系副词when与where、why、that
when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which
where指地点 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
当先⾏词为way、day、reason、time时，可⽤that作关系副词。

（⾮正式场合）
I don’t like the way that / in which / ×he talks. 我不喜欢他说话的样⼦。

当time作先⾏词时，关系词可以省掉。

This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
8.带reason 的定语从句与表语从句的区别：
1.定语从句: The reason why (that)...
2.表语从句：The reason is that ...（不能⽤why, 否则就重复了）
1.Do you know the reason why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到了吗？
2.The reason is that I want to invite you to a party. 原因就是我想邀请你参加⼀个晚会。

⼗三、关系副词和关系代词的区别
1.关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语。

1.This is the house where I work now. 这就是我现在⼯作的房⼦。

2.This is the house (that/which) I visited. 这就是我参观过的房⼦。

3.I'll never forget the day when I joined the army. 我永远也忘不了我参军的那⼀天。

4.I'll never forget the day (that/which) we spent together. 我永远忘不了我们⼀起度过的那⼀天。

⼗四、such ... as ...和the same ... as ...的⽤法（as在从句中作主语，宾语或表语）
1.such ... As ... 像... ⼀样的,像... 之类
2.the same ... as ... 和... 同样的
1.My best friend is not the same man as he was.我最好的朋友和过去不同了。

2.This is the same thing as we are in need of. 这东西和我们所需要的东西是⼀样的。

3.This book is not such as I expect. 这不是⼀本我所希望的书。

⼗五、the same ... as ...与 the same ... That ...的⽤法
1.the same ... that ...; 和... 相同（同⼀）
2.the same ... as ...; 和... 相同（同类）
两者都引导定语从句，意思相近或相同，但如果从句中省去谓语时，必须⽤as代替that.
1.He works in the same shop as / that I do. 他和我在同⼀个车间⼲活。

2.She is the same age as you. 她和你同岁。

注意：
1.This is the same pen that I lost. 这⽀钢笔就是我丢掉的那⼀⽀（指同⼀⽀笔）
2.This is the same kind of pen as I lost. 这⽀钢笔跟我丢掉的⼀模⼀样（但并不是原来的那⼀⽀）
12、必须注意的问题
（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。

（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。

①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。

②强调it⽆意义，that / who不是引导词。

③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句⼦意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。

（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。

有时可省略。

②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。

Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)
（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。

①关系词作宾语，前⽆介词时。

②关系词作表语。

（5）限制性定语从句与⾮限制性定语从句的翻译。

（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。

（7）⼏个特殊的定语从句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先⾏词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先⾏词）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
精典名题导解
选择填空
1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）
A.until
B.that
C.when
D.where
解析：答案为C。

本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。

作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先⾏词the hours 和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。

定语从句的先⾏词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中⽤作状语，故应选择表⽰时间的关系副词when。

2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)
A.It
B.As
C.That
解析：答案为B。

本题考查as引导的⾮限制定语从句。

as作“正如……”解时，引导的⾮限制性定语从句来修饰整个句⼦。

当as 在从句中作主语时，常⽤于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。

要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的⽤法。

3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when
解析：答案为B。

本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。

定语从句的先⾏词是表⽰地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语⽽作地点状语，因此定语从句必须⽤关系副词where引导。

要注意分清先⾏词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。

定语从句的“⼲扰”作⽤
定语从句，就其功能来说，在整个句⼦中相当于⼀个形容词，对某⼀名词或代词起着修饰作⽤，作定语。

在掌握它的各种功能的同时，我们还要注意到含有定语从句的句⼦在补充信息的同时，关系词与其他连词容易混淆，尤其是与其他句式的结合，更使得整个句⼦显得扑朔迷离，使考⽣感到⽆从下⼿，我们说此时定语从句起的是⼲扰作⽤。

本⽂结合具体例⼦来谈此种现象。

⼀、把定语从句与强调句型混为⼀谈，从⽽构成相互⼲扰。

本句型变化的特征在被强调部分或其他部分中找出⼀个先⾏词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句⼦结构就变得⾮常复杂。

例如：
1．——He was nearly drowned once.
——When was _______?
——____ was in 1998 ______he was in middle school.
A. that; It; when
B. this; This; when
C. this; It; that
D. that; It; that
[简析]：本题答案为A。

由于定语从句的⼲扰作⽤，相当⼀部分考⽣选了D。

这样就成了It was in 1998 that he was in middle school.这样就成了⼀个强调句型，意为“是在1998年他上的中学”，孤⽴地看本句虽成⽴，但联系上下⽂来看，却属“所问⾮所答”。

因为上⽂问的是“他何时差点每被淹死？”⽽⾮“何时上的中学”。

原来when是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰1998。

定语从句when he was in middle school ⼲扰了强调句型中的that结构。

在下⾯的两个句⼦⾥，划线部分均为起⼲扰性的定语从句。

2．It was in the village where he was born that he spent his childhood.
[简析]：划线部分为定语从句，修饰先⾏词village。

3．It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time （that）he ought to have spent doing his lessons.
[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先⾏词time。

本题中有两个that，最⼤的误会就是把⼆者弄混，第⼀个that是强调句型中的；第⼆个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。

因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。

⼆、定语从句⼲扰主句的谓语。

4．The letter we were looking forward to _____yesterday.
A. coming
B. came
D. has come
[简析]：由于同学们已经记得很熟，look forward to doing sth(期待去做某事), to为介词，因此不假思索就选A。

其实，we were looking forward to为定语从句，修饰先⾏词即主语letter，介词to的宾语实为主语，⽽不能对其后的谓语起任何作⽤，结合时态⽤法，答案为B。

再如：
5．Was the car he had repaired?
[简析]：本句看似复杂，尤其是受思维习惯的影响把he had repaired连在⼀起，其实去掉定语从句he had则⽔落⽯出： Was the car repaired?
三、定语从句对和名词性从句的相互⼲扰。

由于形式上的近似，定语从句对名词性从句起着⼲扰作⽤，造成考⽣分不清究竟是定语从句或是名词性从句。

做此类题时要慎重，细⼼。

A．定语从句⼲扰表语从句
6．Is this school ______your father worked in ten years ago?
7．Is this school ______your father worked ten years ago?
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. the one
[简析]：看了半天，眼睛发酸，才发现两题只有⼀词(in)之差，正是这⼀词之差，第⼀题选D，your father worked in 作定语从句修饰the one; 第⼆题选A, where 引导后⾯的句⼦作表语从句。

下⾯两句都是定语从句，只不过是关系词的不同。

8．Is this the school that your father visited ten years ago?
9．Is this the school where your father worked ten years ago?
有时虽同为定语从句，但修饰的先⾏词却不同：
10．Is this room the one he lived in last year? （修饰the one）
11．Is this the room he lived in last year? （修饰the room）
B．定语从句⼲扰同位语从句
12．The suggestion _________ you should do it at once is not the one _______ I gave you.
A. what; which
B. which; what
C. that; that
D. which; that
[简析]：定语从句与前⾯的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，⽽同位语从句是⽤来说明前⾯名词的内容。

与that从句同位的名词必须是⼀些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply，promise, suggestion等。

that 在定语从句中做成分，可⽤which 或who/whom代替；⽽that在同位语从句中不充当任何句⼦成分，只起连接作⽤, 综上所述，答案为C。

试⽐较：13．We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句表⽰news的内容，that 在此只起连接作⽤，不作句⼦成分。

)
14．We don’t believe the news that/ which he told us the other day. (定语从句，关系代词that/which作told的宾语，可以省去) C．定语从句⼲扰主语从句
15．As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.
[简析]：as引导⾮限定性定语从句，指代主句内容，可放在主句前，⽤逗号与之隔开。

16．It is known to all that Taiwan is part of China.
[简析]：it 作形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。

下⾯是⼀些同类的例⼦，请认真把握：
17．The suggestion he thought of was reasonable. (定语从句)
18．The suggestion was that he (should) leave immediately.（表语从句）
19．The suggestion that he leave immediately is reasonable. (同位语从句)
20．It is my suggestion that he leave immediately. (主语从句)
21．It is a fact that he was a thief. （主语从句）
22．The fact that he was a thief surprised everyone present. （同位语从句）
23．I nearly forgot the fact that he told me yesterday. （定语从句）
24．The war and suffering it caused affected him greatly. （定语从句）
四、定语从句对状语从句的⼲扰作⽤。

25．He is _____a clever boy _______ we all like him.
A. such; that
B. such; as
C. so; that
D. so; as
[简析]：本题选A。

许多考⽣对such …as结构很熟悉，但没有深⼊分析as的引导功能和在句⼦中所作的成分⽽误选B。

由于句中him的存在，不能使⽤as，这是such…that 引导的结果状语从句。

试⽐较下列两句：
26．He is such a good student as is liked by everyone. (定语从句)
27．He is such a good student that he is liked by everyone. （结果状语从句）
下⾯这个题把定语从句和结果状语从句有机地结合在⼀起，请欣赏：
28．It is such a good place ______ everybody wants to go and visit _____ it is well known all over the world.
A. that; that
B. as; as
C. as; that
D. that; as
[简析]：此类试题可看作⼀个模式：“…such+名词+as+定语从句+that+结果状语从句”，故答案选C。

五、定语从句与独⽴主格结构的相互⼲扰。

29．With everything she needed bought, she left the shop happily.
[简析]：句中的划线部分为定语从句，修饰先⾏词everything，使独⽴主格结构复杂化。

30．Not far from the club, there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.
A. whose
B. its
C. which
D. that
[简析]：经过对多名学⽣的实验，⼏乎都把空格所在的句⼦看作⾮限定性定语从句⽽选了A。

殊不知，这是⼀个独⽴主格结构，its owner作seated的逻辑主语，应选B。

如选A，应在owner和seated之间加上was。

六、定语从句对主谓⼀致句式的⼲扰
31．One of the boys who______ my friends______very good at English.
A. is; are
B. are; is
C. is; is
D. are; are
[简析]：定语从句中的谓语动词须与先⾏词的数保持⼀致，这就要找准先⾏词。

关键是看准定语从句所修饰的是one 或是boys。

如是one of…，定语从句谓语动词⽤复数；如是the (only) one of …，定语从句中的谓语动词⽤单数。

但不管那种形式，主句中的谓语动词要⽤单数形式，故答案选B。

再如：
32．He is one of the students who are late for class.
33．He is the only one of the students who is late for class.
七、定语从句对并列句的⼲扰作⽤。

34．I have two novels, and both of ________ are interesting.
35．I have two novels, both of _______are interesting.
A. what
B. them
C. which
D. whom
[简析]：以上两题，带连词and的为并列句，不带连词的为⾮限定性定语从句，故34例选具体⼈称代词them，35选关系代词which。

在做类似题的时候，⼀定得注意巨⼦间有没有连词，这是解题的关键。

⼋、定语从句对⼀些固定句式的⼲扰
36．You can’t imagi ne the hard time she had ______ the children.
A. bringing up
B. to bring up
C. growing
D. on raising
[简析]：结合题义和词义，我们可以断定句中的she had是定语从句，修饰前⾯的time。

将其还原成正常句式则为：she had a hard time (in) bringing up the children.故答案选A。

下⾯的⼏例都是有正常的句式转化⽽成的定语从句，你能看出其常见的结构吗？
37．The washing machine she had had repaired went wrong again.
38．You can’t imagine the difficulty I had finding your lost car.
39．The person you had help me proved to be capable.
40．I lay in the sofa, enjoying the beautiful music Jack had coming out of his DVD.。