高中英语句子成分总结(共87张PPT)
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The play has three acts.
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
句子成分之 主语 主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的
部分。一般由名词、代词、不定式或 者相当于名词的词或者短语构成。 一般放在句首。
Walls have ears.
He will take you to the hospital.
Three plus four equals seven.
(数词做同位语)
The news that our team got the first place made everyone so excited. (that引导的从句就是news的内容)
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
Ijaamrr.iv(原ed因lat状e b语ec)ause of the traffic
句子成分之 状语 He often comes to visit us. (副词)
The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones.
the subject. ④His hope is to be a teacher. ⑤My dream is that I can be admitted
into a key university.
指出下列句中的定语
1. What is your last name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to
句子成分之 宾语补足语 I should advise you to get the chance.
(to do 不定式)
I saw him going upstairs.
(doing现在分词)
They found the house broken in.
(done过去分词)
句子成分之 定语 定语用来修饰名词或者代词。形容
↓↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by
句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状
语、补足语、同位语和插入语。
Tom likes rock music.
He likes reading in the reading room.
The boy in the classroom is Tom.
基本句型
We students should study hard. (名词) We all are students. (代词)
This is Mr. Green, manager of our company. (名词短语)
句子成分之 同位语 We three will go there together.
句子成分之 宾语补足语
英语有些及物动词, 除了要有宾语之外， 还要加上宾语补足语, 才能使句子的意义
完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动 词的复合结构。
They elected me captain of the team.
We try to make our country strong.
We found everything in good order there.(介词短语)
clean the floor. 3. Do you know the man standing at
the door? 4. He likes the film which he saw last
week.
指出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① He asked her to take the boy out of
词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、 不定式或者相当于形容词的词或者短 语都可以担任定语。
They are women workers.
Tom’s father didn’t write home until yesterday. (名词所有格)
Mary is a beautiful girl.
句子成分之 定语
句子成分之 主语 To see is to believe. (不定式)
Smoking is not allowed in public places. (动名词)
Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. (从句)
句子成分之 谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”
句型一: 主语+谓语(不及物动词) Birds fly. (鸟飞。)
句型二: 主语+谓语+宾语 She likes English. (她喜欢英语。)
句型三: 主语+系动词+表语 They are honest. (他们是诚实的。)
基本句型
句型四: 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 He gave Tom a book. 他给汤姆了一本书。 句型五: 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 I saw her dance. 我看见他跳舞。 特殊句型: There be 句型
class?
⑤ The old man sitting at the gate said that he was ill.
一个完整的句子做宾语, 那么这个句子叫宾语 从句。
指出下列句中的表语 ①The old man was feeling very tired. ②The leaves have turned yellow. ③Soon, they all became interested in
Class begins. (开始上课。)
主语 谓语(不及物动词)
He runs in the park. (他在公园跑步。)
主语 谓语 (地点状语)
基本句型一发展公式
She sings. (她唱歌) She sings well. (她唱歌唱得好。)
She sang very well last night.
Do you mind opening the window?
句子成分之 宾语 Give me four please. He wants to dream a nice dream. We need know what others are doing. We should care more about our
句子成分之 表语
表语位于系动词之后，说明主语“是什么” 或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、 介词短语、不定式及短语来担当。
My father is a professor. Who's that? It's me. Everything here is expensive. The match became very exciting.
my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the
teacher's help is very difficult.
指出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last
句子成分之 表语
The story of my life may be of help to others.
Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hide
句子成分之 状语
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个 句子，说明动作或状态的特征状语表 示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、 条件、让步、伴随情况等。
He did it carefully.
t his help, we couldn’t work it out. (介词短语做条件状语。)
句子成分之 状语 (In order) to catch up with my
classmates, I must study hard.
(不定式做目的状语)
The best fish swim near the bottom. (地点状语)
I left the village five years ago.
upstairs. ③The man on the motorbike was
traveling too fast. ④He began to learn English when he
was eleven.
基本句型一
主语+谓语(不及物动词) Birds fly. (鸟飞。)
主语 谓语(不及物动词)
或者“怎么样” , 有简单动词和动词 短语构成。
We study hard.
Action speaks louder than words.
The chance may never come again.
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994
friends. (介词+名词)
宾语种类：
双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语) You lend me your dictionary. My mother bought my brother a
computer. 复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语) They elected him their monitor. I find the homework difficult to finish.
your feelings.
句子成分之 宾语 宾语在谓语之后，是动作、行为的对
象，有名词、代词、不定式或者相当 于名词的词、短语担任，它和及物动 词一起说明主语做什么。
She covered her face with her hands.
We haven't seen her for a long time.
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
句子成分之 主语 主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的
部分。一般由名词、代词、不定式或 者相当于名词的词或者短语构成。 一般放在句首。
Walls have ears.
He will take you to the hospital.
Three plus four equals seven.
(数词做同位语)
The news that our team got the first place made everyone so excited. (that引导的从句就是news的内容)
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
Ijaamrr.iv(原ed因lat状e b语ec)ause of the traffic
句子成分之 状语 He often comes to visit us. (副词)
The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones.
the subject. ④His hope is to be a teacher. ⑤My dream is that I can be admitted
into a key university.
指出下列句中的定语
1. What is your last name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to
句子成分之 宾语补足语 I should advise you to get the chance.
(to do 不定式)
I saw him going upstairs.
(doing现在分词)
They found the house broken in.
(done过去分词)
句子成分之 定语 定语用来修饰名词或者代词。形容
↓↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by
句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状
语、补足语、同位语和插入语。
Tom likes rock music.
He likes reading in the reading room.
The boy in the classroom is Tom.
基本句型
We students should study hard. (名词) We all are students. (代词)
This is Mr. Green, manager of our company. (名词短语)
句子成分之 同位语 We three will go there together.
句子成分之 宾语补足语
英语有些及物动词, 除了要有宾语之外， 还要加上宾语补足语, 才能使句子的意义
完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动 词的复合结构。
They elected me captain of the team.
We try to make our country strong.
We found everything in good order there.(介词短语)
clean the floor. 3. Do you know the man standing at
the door? 4. He likes the film which he saw last
week.
指出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① He asked her to take the boy out of
词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、 不定式或者相当于形容词的词或者短 语都可以担任定语。
They are women workers.
Tom’s father didn’t write home until yesterday. (名词所有格)
Mary is a beautiful girl.
句子成分之 定语
句子成分之 主语 To see is to believe. (不定式)
Smoking is not allowed in public places. (动名词)
Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. (从句)
句子成分之 谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”
句型一: 主语+谓语(不及物动词) Birds fly. (鸟飞。)
句型二: 主语+谓语+宾语 She likes English. (她喜欢英语。)
句型三: 主语+系动词+表语 They are honest. (他们是诚实的。)
基本句型
句型四: 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 He gave Tom a book. 他给汤姆了一本书。 句型五: 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 I saw her dance. 我看见他跳舞。 特殊句型: There be 句型
class?
⑤ The old man sitting at the gate said that he was ill.
一个完整的句子做宾语, 那么这个句子叫宾语 从句。
指出下列句中的表语 ①The old man was feeling very tired. ②The leaves have turned yellow. ③Soon, they all became interested in
Class begins. (开始上课。)
主语 谓语(不及物动词)
He runs in the park. (他在公园跑步。)
主语 谓语 (地点状语)
基本句型一发展公式
She sings. (她唱歌) She sings well. (她唱歌唱得好。)
She sang very well last night.
Do you mind opening the window?
句子成分之 宾语 Give me four please. He wants to dream a nice dream. We need know what others are doing. We should care more about our
句子成分之 表语
表语位于系动词之后，说明主语“是什么” 或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、 介词短语、不定式及短语来担当。
My father is a professor. Who's that? It's me. Everything here is expensive. The match became very exciting.
my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the
teacher's help is very difficult.
指出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last
句子成分之 表语
The story of my life may be of help to others.
Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hide
句子成分之 状语
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个 句子，说明动作或状态的特征状语表 示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、 条件、让步、伴随情况等。
He did it carefully.
t his help, we couldn’t work it out. (介词短语做条件状语。)
句子成分之 状语 (In order) to catch up with my
classmates, I must study hard.
(不定式做目的状语)
The best fish swim near the bottom. (地点状语)
I left the village five years ago.
upstairs. ③The man on the motorbike was
traveling too fast. ④He began to learn English when he
was eleven.
基本句型一
主语+谓语(不及物动词) Birds fly. (鸟飞。)
主语 谓语(不及物动词)
或者“怎么样” , 有简单动词和动词 短语构成。
We study hard.
Action speaks louder than words.
The chance may never come again.
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994
friends. (介词+名词)
宾语种类：
双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语) You lend me your dictionary. My mother bought my brother a
computer. 复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语) They elected him their monitor. I find the homework difficult to finish.
your feelings.
句子成分之 宾语 宾语在谓语之后，是动作、行为的对
象，有名词、代词、不定式或者相当 于名词的词、短语担任，它和及物动 词一起说明主语做什么。
She covered her face with her hands.
We haven't seen her for a long time.