初中英语课堂笔记八年级下册 Unit 4

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初中英语课堂笔记八年级下册Unit 4
重点短语
a big deal重要的事
after-school classes课外活动课
all the time一直
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be oneself做自己
call sb. up打电话给某人
compete with sb. 与某人竞争
copy one's homework抄袭某人的作业
cut out删除
family members
fight a lot经常吵架/打架
get better grades取得更好的成绩
get enough sleep有足够的睡眠
get into a fight with sb与某人吵架/打架
give one's opinion提出某人的观点
give sb. pressure给某人施压
hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛
hang over笼罩
have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架
have free time有空闲时间
in future 今后
in the future 在未来
learn exam skills学习应试技巧
look through翻看
make sb. angry使某人生气
mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
so that以便
so... that... 如此……以至于……
spend time alone独自消磨时光
study too much学得过多
talk to sb. 与某人交谈
too many rules 太多规则
too much homework 太多作业
work out成功地发展;解决
worry about sth. 担心某事
write to sb. =write sb. a letter 给某人写信词法精选
1.borrow my things without returning them
借我的东西不归还
witho ut 是with的反义词,意为“没有”,后接名词、代词或动名词。

如:
①We got there without any trouble.
我们到了那儿,一路上没遇到任何麻烦。

②He left without saying goodbye to us.
他没跟我们道别就离开了。

2.instead代替;反而;却
(1)instead作副词时,意为“代替;反而;却”,修饰整个句子作状语。

如:
①Jack was ill, so I went instead.
杰克病了,因此换了我去。

②He never works; instead, he plays all day and all night.他从不工作,却整日整夜地玩。

(2)instead of是一个双词介词,后接名词、代词或动名词。

如:
①We drank some coffee instead of tea.
我们喝了一些咖啡而不是茶。

②I will go there instead of him.
我将代替他去那里。

3.offer 主动提出;自愿给予
(1)offer sth.提出……;提供……
The teacher offered him some useful advice on how to make learning more interesting.
老师向他提出了一些有关让学习更有趣的有益建议。

(2)offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
The kids offered to do the dishes after supper.
孩子们主动提出晚饭后洗盘子。

(3)offer sth.to sb.=offer sb.sth. 向某人提供某物
They decided to offer the job to Mike.
=They decided to offer Mike the job.
他们决定把这份工作给迈克。

句法精析
1.Why don't you...?
你为什么不……?
Why don't you...?表提建议的句型,可以与Why not...?进行句型转换。

如:
Why don't you go out to play basketball with us?=Why not go out to play basketball with us?
你为什么不出去和我们一起打篮球呢?
2.Although she's wrong, it's not a big deal.
虽然她错了,但没什么大不了。

not a big deal意为“没什么大不了”。

我们还可以说make a big deal,意为“做一笔大买卖”。

3.My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends.
我的父母亲不允许我和朋友们出去闲逛。

allow是动词,意为“允许;准许”,常用结构如下:
(1)allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。

如:
My parents don't allow me to stay up late.
我父母不允许我熬夜。

(2)allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。

如:
We don't allow talking loudly in public places.
我们不允许在公共场所大声喧哗。

语法精讲
连词until, so that, although等引导的状语从句
(1)until意为“直到”,引导时间状语从句,动词是短暂性动词时,常用not... until句式。

注意:时间状语从句表示将来的意思时,从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时,只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。

如:
I won't leave until you come.
直到你来我才会离开。

(2)so that意为“以便;为了”,引导目的状语从句,从句中通常带有may, can, could, will, would等情态动词,主从句间连接紧凑,没有逗号相隔。

如:
①I spend much time learning English so that I can get good grades.
我花很多时间学英语是为了能取得好成绩。

②You should call him so that you can say you're sorry.你应该打电话给他以便你能道歉。

③You should eat more now so that you won't be hungry later.你现在应该多吃点,这样你待会就不会饿了。

(3)although/though意为“尽管;虽然”,引导让步状语从句。

在让步状语从句中,连词although或though不可与but同时使用。

though引导的从句既可放在主句前,又可放在主句后;而although引导的从句大多数放在句首。

如:
①Although she's wrong, it's not a big deal.
尽管她错了,但没什么大不了的。

②I don't know him well though we are in the same class.虽然我们在同一班,但我不太了解他。

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