课堂新坐标江苏专版2017高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题3阅读理解类型7文化教育课件精选课件

47．Vaillant's words in Paragraph 2 serve as ________． A．a description of personal values and social values B．an analysis of how work was related to competence C．an example for parents' expectations of their children D．an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
长 难 句 解 读 ： “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant，the psychologist who made the discovery.
49．C [词义猜测题。根据文章第四段信息 twice as likely to ...，five times as likely to ...and 16 times less likely to ...可知，人们童年的行为和成年后的状况之间 的联系明显得让人吃惊。sharp 此处意为 clear and definite(清楚和确定的)，故选 C 项。]
分析：引号内的句子为复合句。Boys 之后为 who 引导的定语从句修饰 Boys， 而 they were worthwhile members of society 为宾语从句，作 feel 的宾语。引号外 who made the discovery 为定语从句修饰 the psychologist。
50．B [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，童年的劳动能够帮助一个 孩子培养责任感、独立性、自信心和能力，这些都是一个人精神健康的基础， emotional health 是本段的主题，故选 B 项。]
A (2016·南通、扬州、泰州、淮安第三次调研) A report released this month found that grouping children by ability is on the rise again—teaching students in groups of similar ability has improved achievement for fast and show learners alike—and who wouldn't want bright kids to be able to move ahead，or strugglers to get the help they need?
48．Vaillant's team obtained their findings by ________． A．recording the boys' effort in school B．evaluating the men's mental health C．comparing different sets of scores D．measuring the men's problem solving ability
These are the findings of a 40－year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence ( 能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，”said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47.Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mental－ health scores with their boyhood－activity scores.Points were awarded for part－time jobs, housework, effort in school，and ability to deal with problems.
Working—at any age—is important.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isn't everything.As Tolstoy once said，“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”
But for most kids，labels (标签) applied early life tend to stick，even if they are wrong.
Sorting school children by ability has long been controversial. In some countries，especially in Asia，school－wide tracking (分流) remains normal.Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers.Movement between the tracks is rare.
A．Competent adults know more about love than work.
B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.
46．What do we know about John? A．He enjoyed his career and marriage. B．He had few childhood playmates. C．He received little love from his family. D．He was envied by others in his childhood.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp．Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
翻译：做出这个发现的心理学家 George Vaillant 说：“在家中或社区劳动的 男孩能够获得能力并且感受到他们是有价值的社会成员。”
46．A [细节理解题。根据文章第一段信息“He had more job satisfaction， a better marriage and was healthier.”可知，约翰对自己的工作和婚姻很满意，故 选 A 项。]
49．What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Quick to react.
B．Having a thin edge.
C．Clear and definite.
D．Sudden and rapid.
50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
类型 7| 文化教育
考查要点
方法技巧
1.抓住文章的内在逻辑关系，理清脉
1.文章的主题。
络。
2．所述文化教育的发展、特点、功能。 2．定位关键信息词、主题句，明确
3．不同文化教育间的异同、优点及缺点。 主旨。
4．价值观、道德观、风俗习惯的形成。 3．重点关注所述对象的特征，并进
行归纳概括。
(2016·天津高考·C) When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all, he was happier.Far happier.
47．D [推理判断题。第二段中，Vaillant 通过 40 年的研究得出结论：那些 小时候在家里或者社区里劳动的男孩获得了能力，感到自己对社会有价值。正 因为他们自我感觉好，所以别人也觉得他们好。由此可知，这些话解释了一些 男孩成年后更快乐的原因，故选 D 项。]
48．C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段信息“Under Vaillant，the researchers compared the men's mental－health scores with their boyhood－activity scores.”可 知，Vaillant 的团队是通过比较一些分数来得出结论的，故选 C 项。]
D．Independence is the key to one's success.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。约翰小时候父母会让他干一些 力所能及的活儿，长大后他成了一个更快乐的人。由此可以看出：童年的劳动 是非常重要的。它可以培养孩子的责任感、独立性、自信心以及解决问题的能 力。这是精神健康的基础，与其精彩的成年生活息息相关。