高考英语二轮复习 高考题型组合练 完形填空阅读理解短文改错高三全册英语试题

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校高考题型组合练15 完形填空＋阅读理解＋短文改错
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2017·潮州高三第二次模拟)( 58210056)
The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish from each other a lot.This is because the culture systems are two separate systems__1__．
The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries：China and India.Both of the two cultures are gestated(孕育) by___2__．In China，the mother river is the Yellow River___3__the Indian one is the Hindu River.These two cultures were__4__for several thousand years and formed their own styles.Then in the Tang Dynasty of China，the Chinese culture___5__went overseas to Japan，__6__into the Japanese society and__7__the Japanese culture nowadays.Though a bit different from the Chinese one，it__8__to the same system.
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture，another famous culture was__9__on the Mesopotamian Plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.And these two are well-known as the__10__of the European culture.__11__the Chinese culture，the European one also__12__waters.When the colonists of England__13__in America，their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean.So the American culture doesn't__14__from the European one a lot.
At the same time，the__15__of the language systems adds to the cultural differences.In the East，most languages belong to the pictographic (象形文字的) language while the Western languages
are__16__based on the Latin system，for example，the one I'm using to write this paper.Other factors like human race difference__17__as well.However，__18__the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West，the two cultures seldom__19__until recent centuries.__20__，they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no-interference(干扰) from the other.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍东西方文化的起源、发展和它们之间的差异性。

1．A.in all B．above all
C．in no case D．on the whole
解析：考查短语。

A.in all“总共”；B.above all“最重要的是”；C.in no case“绝不”；D.on the whole“整体上”。

句意：这是因为文化系统整体上是两个分离的系统。

故选D。

答案：D
2．A.rivers B．lakes
C．mountains D．plains
解析：考查名词。

A.rivers“河流”；kes“湖”；C.mountains“山”；
D.plains“平原”。

根据常识可知，中国文明和印度文明是由河流孕育的。

故选A。

答案：A
3．A.or B．for
C．while D．when
解析：考查连词。

句意：在中国，母亲河是黄河，而在印度则是印度河。

这里表示对比。

故选C。

答案：C
4．A.improved B．developed
C．created D．protected
解析：考查动词。

A.improved“提高”；B.developed“发展”；
C.creater“创造”；
D.protected“保护”。

句意：这两个文化已经发展了几千年了。

故选B。

答案：B
5．A.gradually B．naturally
C．suddenly D．quietly
解析：考查副词。

A.gradually“逐渐地”；B.naturally“自然地”；C.suddenly“突然”；D.quietly“安静的”。

句意：在唐朝中国的文化慢慢地到了海外的。

故选A。

答案：A
6．A.changed B．mixed
C．decided D．forced
解析：考查动词。

A.changed“改变”； B．mixed“混合”；C.decided “决定”； D．forced“迫使”。

句意：和的社会相融合，形成现在的文化。

故选B。

答案：B
7．A.expanded B．interrupted
C．shaped D．influenced
解析：考查动词。

A.expanded“扩展”；B.interrupted“打破”；
C.shaped“组成，形成”；
D.influenced“影响”。

句意：形成了的文化。

故选C。

答案：C
8．es B．belongs
C．amounts D．adds
解析：考查动词词组。

句意：文化与中国文化属于相同的体系。

belong
to“属于”，故选B。

答案：B
9．A.carried out B．given out
C．brought up D．picked up
解析：考查动词词组。

A.carried out“实施”；B.given out“分发”；
C.brought up“孕育，养育”；
D.picked up“捡起”。

句意：另一个著名的文化正在美索不达米亚平原孕育。

故选C。

答案：C
10．A.base B．sign
C．result D．content
解析：考查名词。

A.base“基础”；B.sign“符号”； C．result“结果”；D．content“内容”。

句意：这两个以欧洲文化的基础而闻名。

故选A。

答案：A
11．A.With B．Like
C．Via D．Except
解析：考查介词。

句意：像中国文化一样，欧洲文化也是穿过河流的。

like“像……一样”，故选B。

答案：B
12．A.crossed B．formed
C．affected D．spread
解析：考查动词。

A.crossed“穿过”；B.formed“形成”；C.affected “影响”；D.spread“传播”。

根据上题句意可知选A。

答案：A
13．A.went up B．joined up
C．settled down D．broke down
解析：考查动词词组。

A.went up“向上走”；B.joined up“加入”；C.settled down“定居”；D.broke down“打破”。

句意：当英格兰的殖民者定居在的时候。

故选C。

答案：C
14．A.differ B．suffer
C．result D．come
解析：考查动词词组。

A.differ“使不同”；B.suffer“遭遇”；
C.result“导致”；
e“来”。

differ from“与……不同”为固定词组。

故选A。

答案：A
15．A.feature B．development
C．appearance D．distinction
解析：考查名词。

A.feature“特征”；B.development“发展”；
C.appearance“出现，外貌”；
D.distinction“区别”。

句意：语言的差异增加了文化体制的不同。

故选D。

答案：D
16．A.simply B．mostly
C．properly D．partly
解析：考查副词。

A.simply“只是”；B.mostly“主要地”；C.properly“合适地”；D.partly“部分”。

句意：在东方大多数语言属于象形文字，而在西方文字主要是以拉丁体系为基础。

故选B。

答案：B
17．A.count B．reduce
C．last D．change
解析：考查动词。

A.count“计算”；B.reduce“减少”； C．last“持续”；
D.change“改变”。

句意：其他的因素像是人类种族的不同也算得上。

故选A。

答案：A
18．A.in terms of B．in case of
C．due to D．as to
解析：考查短语。

A.in terms of“根据”；B.in case of“在……情况下”；
C.due to“由于”；
D.as to“至于”。

句意：由于东西方距离遥远和陡峭的地形，两种文化直到最近几世纪才开始交流。

故选C。

答案：C
19．municate B．distinguish
C．transform D．display
解析：考查动词。

municate“交流”；B.distinguish“辨别”；C.transform“转变”；D.display“显示”。

根据上题句意选A。

答案：A
20．A.However B．Furthermore
C．Meanwhile D．Therefore
解析：考查连词。

A.However“然而”；B.Furthermore“而且”；
C.Meanwhile“同时”；
D.Therefore“所以”。

句意：他们在没有其他人的干扰下完全按他们的方式发展。

这里前后是因果关系，故选D。

答案：D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

(2017·淄博一模)( 58210057)
Deliberately making a road icy sounds like a method for disaster，but in 16th-century China it helped things run smoothly.Repairs to the Forbidden City in Beijing in 1557 called for huge stones from a quarry(采石场) more than 70 km away.The biggest was the 300-ton“Large Stone Carving.”Such ston es were too heavy for any cart，and too fragile for rollers.The builders adopted a wise alternative approach to carry the heavy stone.
They dug a series of wells，spaced a few hundred metres apart，along the route to the quarry.Then，in the depth of winter，when temperatures reached around -4 ℃，buckets of water were poured on to the dirt track，transforming it into an ice road.
The stone blocks were pushed along the road on wooden sledges (雪橇)．Modern engineers have calculated that it would take 1，500 workers to drag a sledge on the dirt road，but only 300 on ice.Ancient tests suggested the ice was made slippery with more water; this reduced the friction further and just 50 men could pull a sledge.This technique only works when the temperature is also close to zero，otherwise the film of water freezes too quickly.
The researchers at Princeton University estimated that the blocks could be moved at six metres a minute，and the journey could be completed in 28 days.This would be well before the spring when the ice would melt.
It was once suggested that similar ice-sledges transported Stonehenge stones，but the ground that had a lot of holes and comparatively mild conditions probably rule this out.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科教类阅读，属于说明文，主要介绍了古代人如何利用结冰的路面运输巨石到目的地的。

1．Why did people dig some wells along the road to the quarry?
A．They wanted to build frozen roads.
B．They wanted to break up large stones.
C．They wanted to make the dirty track clean.
D．They wanted to get a lot of holes on the road.
解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段最后一句“Then，in the depth of winter，when temperatures reached around -4℃，buckets of water were poured on to the dirt track，transforming it into an ice road.”可知，人们在地上挖坑是为了在深冬季节，倒进水，让水结冰，从而建立起一条结冰的道路。

故选A。

答案：A
2．What did people do to reduce the friction?
A．They made stone blocks much smaller.
B．They poured more water on the ice road.
C．They waited until the temperature was very low.
D．They asked more than 1，500 workers to clean the dirty road.
解析：推理判断题。

根据第三段第三句“Ancient tests suggested the ice was made slippery with more water; this reduced the friction further and just 50 men cou ld pull a sledge.”可知，用更多的水可以使冰更滑，这样可以减少摩擦力，因此推断人们在结冰的道路上倒更多的水减少摩擦力。

故选B。

答案：B
3．How did the researchers at Princeton University think of Stonehenge stones?
A．They were not likely to be carried on the icy road.
B．They had a longer history than stones in Beijing.
C．They were carried for over twenty-eight days.
D．They were broken up in the depth of winter.
解析：推理判断题。

根据最后一段的内容可知，人们认为巨石阵也是用类似的冰橇运输的，但是有许多坑的地面和相对温和的天气排除掉这样的做法。

因此推断研究者认为巨石阵不太可能是在结冰的道路上运输过来的。

故A选项正确。

答案：A
4．What does the author intend to tell us in the text?
A．Making a road slippery on purpose may be bad idea.
B．The mild weather helped to carry Stonehenge stones.
C．Stonehenge stones were too heavy to carry.
D．Ancient Chinese transported huge stones wisely.
解析：写作目的题。

纵观全文可知，第一段最后一句是文章的主题句，接下来的段落主要介绍古代人如何利用结冰的路面运输巨石，因此写作目的是告诉我们古代人如何聪明地利用结冰的路面运输巨石到目的地。

答案：D
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2017·惠州高三模拟)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Our school lies on the foot of a mountain with a small river passes by in front.It used to look like a beautiful garden.In the garden there are ever-green trees and all kinds of flowers in the school yard all years round.
But great changes have been taken place after a chemical factory was built near our school a year ago.It produces various poisonous gases and pours a lot of waste water into a river.This has terrible polluted the surroundings of our school.
I think that the local government must takes steps to protect our surroundings and prevent from being polluted.
答案：
Our school lies the foot of a mountain with a small river
by in front.It used to look like a beautiful garden.In the garden there ever-green trees and all kinds of flowers in the school yard all
round.
But great changes have taken place a chemical factory was built near our school a year ago.It produces various poisonous gases
and pours a lot of waste water into river.This has
polluted the surroundings of our school.
I think that the local government must takestake steps to protect our surroundings and prevent from being polluted.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了我们的学校。

我们的学校位于山脚下，前面有一条小河经过。

学校过去像一个美丽的花园，全年都有绿色的花草树木，但是一年前一个化工厂建在学校附近，产生了各种有毒气体，往河里倾倒各种污水，破坏了学校周围的生态环境。

希望政府必须采取措施保护周围的环境，防止被污染。

1．解析：考查介词搭配。

at the foot of“在山脚下”。

用介词at。

答案：on→at
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。

本句不缺少谓语，应该用现在分词作后置定语，修饰river。

答案：passes→passing
3．解析：考查时态。

前面讲的是过去，所以应该用一般过去时态。

答案：are→were
4．解析：考查名词单复数。

all year round是固定短语，一整年的意思，不用复数形式。

答案：years→yea r
5．解析：考查语态。

take place是不及物动词词组，不能用被动语态，所以去掉been。

答案：去掉been
6．解析：考查连词。

前面用的是现在完成时态，所以应该用从属连词since。

答案：after→since
7．解析：考查冠词。

前面出现过的单数可数名词，又一次出现时应该加the。

答案：a→the
8．解析：考查副词。

修饰谓语动词，所以用副词形式。

答案：terrible→terribly
9．解析：考查动词形式。

情态动词后面应该用动词原形。

答案：takes→take
10．解析：考查代词。

prevent是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，前面是the surroundings，所以后面加them。

答案：prevent后面加them。