2020年高考英语语法填空专项训练八篇(三)

2020年高考英语语法填空专项训练八篇（三）
（一）
I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate __1__ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.I said hello __2__ him, smiling sweetly and then I suddenly thought, “Why not offer him a piece of chocolate？” So I did.He was quite __3__ (surprise), but accepted and thanked me.He said that people didn't usually do things like this for __4__ (strange) —at least that was what I understood, because he was speaking a really __5__ (usual) dialect, and the train was loud.
Then he opened one of his bags and gave me __6__ handful of freshly picked cherries, __7__ (explain) that he had just taken them from his orchard.The cherries were really lovely, better than those in the shops, and I enjoyed them very much.It had been just an impulse (冲动) to offer him a piece of chocolate, but if I __8__ (not, do) so, I would never have tasted those lovely cherries, __9__ I didn't even know he had at the time.Life is about giving and taking, and it's __10__ (general) true that if you give, you will receive.
语篇解读：本文讲述了作者的一次生活经历，启迪读者：给予和索取是相互的。

1．when考查连词。

hardly ...when ...意为“一……就……”，为固定用法，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。

2．to考查介词。

say hello to sb.意为“向某人问好”，符合语境，故用介词to。

3．surprised考查形容词。

此处是过去分词作形容词，在句子中作表语，修饰人。

4．strangers考查名词复数。

根据语境可知，此处表示“陌生人”，应用名词形式stranger，又因stranger是可数名词，故用复数形式。

5．unusual考查形容词。

根据上文中的“at least that was what I understood”可推知，老人说的方言很不同寻常。

6．a考查冠词。

固定搭配a handful of意为“一把……”，符合语境，故用不定冠词a。

7．explaining考查非谓语动词。

explain和主句谓语动词之间没有连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，且和句子主语he之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式explaining。

8．had not done考查动词的时态。

根据下文中的“I would never have tasted those lovely cherries”可知，空格处表示对过去情况的假设，故用过去完成时；此处表示“如果我没有那样做，我将永远不会品尝到这些好吃的樱桃”，应用否定形式。

9．which考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作had的宾语。

定语从句的先行词为cherries。

10．generally考查副词。

修饰形容词应用副词，故填generally。

China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new __1__ (invent)” — high-speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycle, and online shopping.
China's new-generation high-speed train, the Fuxing Hao, is now one of the __2__ (fast) trains in the world, which can travel at a speed of 350km/h.Besides high-speed rail, China __3__ (improve) people's lives in many other innovative ways over the last decade.
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself.But China has made __4__ much more convenient and popular both in China __5__ overseas.The leading Chinese bike-sharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.
And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop __6__ (buy) and eat whatever you want __7__ (simple) with a tap on your phone.You could easily pay with your smartphone by __8__ (scan) the seller's QR code.Cashless payment has grown into a __9__ (choose) for Chinese people — even a pancake seller is using Alipay.
As for Alipay, it was designed to serve the online shopping at first, __10__ is now the most ways to make purchases in China.You can buy anything you need without leaving your homes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了中国的“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网络购物。

1．inventions考查名词复数。

前面有four great new修饰，故用该词对应的名词的复数形式，故填inventions。

2．fastest考查形容词的最高级。

根据后面的比较范围in the world可知，这里应用最高级形式。

3．has improved考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

over the last decade表示“在过去十年”，常和现在完成时连用；又因为主语是China，故用has improved。

4．it考查代词。

这里it指代前面的Bike sharing，充当动词made的宾语。

5．and考查连词。

both ...and ...为固定搭配，表示“两者都……”。

6．to buy考查非谓语动词。

stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，这里表示停下共享单车去买东西吃，故用不定式充当宾语。

stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。

7．simply考查副词。

分析句子结构可知，空处修饰with介词短语，故用所给词的副词形式。

8．scanning考查非谓语动词。

空处作介词by的宾语，故用动名词形式。

9．choice考查词性转换。

冠词a后面应用所给动词的名词形式。

10．which考查定语从句。

空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词online shopping，故填which。

Now, I'd like to share what I __1__ (learn) through Travelling Guide a few weeks ago.
Thousands of visitors each year enjoy Haleakala National Park, one of __2__ most unusual national parks in the United States, on the island of Maui.Ships stop at the island and buses take __3__ (group) of visitors to see the huge volcano there.Visitors also may take a walk in the rain forest __4__ (create) by the volcano thousands of years ago.
The park offers visitors a sight of nature at __5__ majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.At the top of Haleakala, __6__ (look) down inside what is the most active part of the volcano, we can see that the volcano has left thousands of different shapes of lava (熔岩) stone ever since.Hundreds of years __7__ rain and bright sun have cut long paths in the stone.There are mainly 3 stone areas.One big area seems __8__ (be) deep and dark red.__9__ two areas seem almost yellow and green.It looks as if someone spilled (泼洒) many colors of paint over the huge areas.The lava stone areas are __10__ (color) because the lava is rich in many kinds of minerals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了哈雷阿卡拉国家公园。

1．learned/learnt考查动词的时态。

根据本句中的时间状语“a few weeks ago”可知，该空应用一般过去时。

2．the考查形容词最高级。

此处表示“美国最不同寻常的国家公园之一”，这里应用形容词的最高级修饰national parks，故填the。

3．groups考查名词复数。

根据上文中的“Thousands of visitors”可知游客很多，又因group是可数名词，这里表示“成群的游客”，故用group的复数形式。

4．created考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，forest后面的部分作定语修饰rain forest，且rain forest与动词create在逻辑上是动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。

5．which考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句，“at __5__ majorities ...a look”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指a sight of nature，填用which。

6．looking考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，该句中第二个逗号后面的部分是主句，这里应用非谓语动词作状语，look与主句的主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故该处用现在分词形式。

7．of考查介词。

of用于month，year等名词后以表示某状态或活动持续的时长。

8．to be考查固定搭配。

seem to do sth.为固定用法。

9．Another考查代词。

根据上文中的3 stone areas和One big area可知，这里用Another。

Another two areas表示“另外两个地区”。

10．colorful考查形容词。

该空作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，故用形容词。

colorful表示“色彩丰富的”。

As you know, science plays __1__ very important role in our education.Do you want to keep up __2__ the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites __3__ you can check out the latest in the science world.
One great site is Science News for Kids.This site reports science news __4__ (cover) a wide range of subjects.The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site __5__ (suit) for them as well.Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day, __6__ (call) Science Daily.The site is __7__ (constant) updated with news, often about exciting __8__ (finding) that change how we view the world.
These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they __9__ (post) earlier.That way you can find articles just about anything that __10__ (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.
语篇解读：众所周知，科学在我们的教育中充当了一个很重要的角色。

文章向我们介绍了几个方便查询最新科技信息的网站。

1．a考查冠词。

play an important role in ...为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演重要角色(发挥重要作用)”，因为空后有读音以辅音音素开头的very，故填冠词a。

2．with考查介词。

你想跟上科技的最新研究和发现吗？keep up with为固定结构，意为“跟上，不落在……后面”。

3．where考查定语从句。

先行词为websites，空处在从句中作地点状语，所以用where，相当于on which。

4．covering考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，该句中已经有谓语动词(reports)，提示词cover 和其所修饰的名词news之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用cover的v.-ing形式作后置定语，在此相当于which covers。

5．suitable考查形容词。

这里构成“find＋宾语＋形容词(宾补)”结构，所以用suit的形容词形式。

6．is called考查动词的时态和语态。

另一个“我”每天查看的精彩的网站被称作Science Daily。

“one that I check out every day”是主语“Another wonderful site”的同位语，且主语和call之间为被动关系，再结合全文的时态，确定此处用一般现在时的被动语态。

7．constantly考查副词。

修饰动词updated，作状语，故用副词形式。

8．findings考查名词复数。

finding为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且定语从句中谓语动词为“change”，为复数概念，所以应用复数形式。

9．posted考查动词的时态。

这里指的是the past articles(以前的文章)，也就是说是以前发布的，所以用一般过去时。

10．is考查主谓一致。

关系代词that指代的是先行词anything，并在从句中作主语，再结合全文的时态可知，应填is。

(2019·福建省高三毕业班质检) No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs. Yet __1__ (publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining __2__ (they)．
Most of the clubs work the same way. Members read the same book at the same time. Then they meet to talk about the book. Members may be friends or people __3__ live near each other. Some Americans belong to reading groups on __4__ Internet. These groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read. They send electronic mails instead of gathering __5__ (discuss) books.
Most reading groups study books by __6__ (variety) writers. However, some groups read the work of a single writer, __7__ (usual) one that has been famous for a while. Other groups may __8__ (name) for an important person in the work of a writer, __9__ a Sherlock Holmes Club. Members of these book clubs often are experts on their __10__ (choose) reading materials. One member of a Holmes reading group, for example, can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了美国越来越多的人加入读书俱乐部以及读书俱乐部的运作方式、命名方式等。

1．publishers考查名词。

此处与and后面的bookstores一起构成并列主语，publisher为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故填publishers。

2．them考查代词。

join表示“成为……的一员，加入”，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语，故填they 的宾格形式them。

3．who/that考查定语从句。

先行词是people，空处在从句中作主语，故填who/that。

4．the考查冠词。

on the Internet“在网上”，为固定搭配。

5．to discuss考查非谓语动词。

他们发送电子邮件而不是聚集起来讨论他们读过的书。

此处动词不定式作目的状语。

6．various考查形容词。

大部分读书俱乐部研究不同作家的书。

空后的writers为名词，应该用形容词来修饰，variety的形容词形式为various，故填various。

7．usually考查副词。

空后的“one that has been famous for a while”是空前writer的同位语。

usually 起强调作用，修饰代词one。

8．be named考查被动语态。

此处name是动词，意为“命名”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Other groups”之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词，故填be named。

9．like考查介词。

其他的俱乐部可能以一个作家的作品里的一个重要人物而命名，比如夏洛克·福尔摩斯俱乐部。

空后为举例子，故填like“像，例如”。

10．chosen考查非谓语动词。

这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们选中的阅读材料方面的专家。

提示词choose是动词，与其所修饰的名词短语“reading materials”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用choose的过去分词作定语，故填chosen。

We use flowers as messengers, to say something we might have trouble saying __1__ (direct) ourselves. Over time flowers have come to symbolize the most powerful human experiences: beauty, love, hope, and rebirth. Sweet flowers alone can say __2__ one fears expressing. We've listed some of the most famous flowers __3__ have a special significance.
In Mao Zedong's poem Ode to the Plum Blossom (《咏梅》), the plum blossom was used __4__ (praise) great soldiers who sacrificed their lives for a better life for Chinese people.
__5__ great Chinese poet Li Bai from the Tang Dynasty once compared Yang Yuhuan's beautiful face to blooming peonies (牡丹). Flowering in May, peonies' large petals and strong colors are linked to prosperity and __6__ (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.
The orchid (兰花) is well known for its delicate smell. Beautiful articles and poems __7__ (call) “lanzhang” by Chinese people in ancient times.
Roses, of course, have the __8__ (colorful) meaning among all the flowers. Red roses, to this day, mean “I love you.” A red rose, rather than yellow roses, __9__ (act) as the traditional romantic gift given to your love on Valentine's Day. __10__ (send) yellow roses can be risky, as they represent either friendship or envy.
1．directly考查副词。

由空前动词saying可知，此处应用副词修饰，故填directly。

2．what考查宾语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，同时结合语境“一个人害怕表达什么”，所以填what。

3．that考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词为flowers 且有形容词最高级修饰，所以空处只能填关系代词that而不能用which。

4．to praise考查非谓语动词。

结合语境可知此处应用不定式作目的状语，所以填to praise。

be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。

5．The考查冠词。

句中Li Bai作poet的同位语，而介词短语from the Tang Dynasty是后置定语，所以空处应填定冠词The表示特指。

6．richness考查名词。

空前and一词决定其前后单词词性相同，and前prosperity(繁荣)是名词，所以空处应该也是名词，形容词rich的名词形式是richness。

7．were called考查动词的时态和语态。

Sth. be called sth. “……被称为……”，是固定搭配；由时间状语in ancient times (在古代)可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。

8．most colorful考查形容词最高级。

由句末介词短语“among all the flowers”(在所有的花之中)可知，这里应用形容词的最高级，所以填most colorful。

9．acts考查动词的时态及主谓一致。

本段描述的都是客观情况，故应用一般现在时；句子的主语是A red rose, 而不是rather than后的yellow roses, 所以谓语动词应该用单数形式，故填acts。

10．Sending考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以应用动词-ing形式作主语，故填Sending。

(2019·福州市联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive (被圈养的) panda Basi died __1__ (age) thirty-seven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980.At the age of four, she fell into an icy river and was __2__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China's Sichuan Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou, where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan, the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.
Basi never bred (繁殖) but overcame several severe __5__ (ill) to live for more than __6__ (two) the 15-year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7__ (confirm) to be the world's oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9__ Basi's body will be put in Basi Museum, which is __10__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

中国年龄最大的圈养大熊猫巴斯在37岁时去世。

她曾在4岁时因落水被救，然后得到圈养；是1990年北京亚运会吉祥物盼盼的原型。

为了纪念巴斯，人们为她建起了博物馆。

1．aged考查形容词。

该处指大熊猫巴斯在37岁时死亡。

分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作状语，故填aged。

2．fortunately考查副词。

空处修饰动词rescued，故用副词形式。

3．living考查现在分词。

名词villagers和动词live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。

4．after考查连词。

根据该句“Basi came to fame shortly __4__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan, the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing”并结合语境可知用连词after。

5．illnesses考查名词。

根据空前的形容词“severe”可知，该形容词修饰空格处，故空格处应用名词形式；再根据空前的“several”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。

6．twice考查副词。

根据第一段第一句中的“panda Basi died __1__ (age) thirty­seven”可知，大熊猫巴斯在37岁去世；结合空后的“the 15­year life expectancy of wild pandas”可知，她的寿命是野生大熊猫预期寿命的两倍还长，故用twice。

7．was confirmed考查动词的时态和语态。

通读全文可知，本文讲述了大熊猫巴斯生前的情况，故用一般过去时；该句主语是Basi，和动词confirm之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，表示“被确认”。

8．longer考查比较级。

根据该句中的“better nutrition and living conditions”可知，由于有更好的营养和生活条件，圈养大熊猫的寿命更长。

故用比较级。

9．that考查同位语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，抽象名词Word和从句Basi's body will be put in Basi Museum为同位关系，且从句意义与成分完整，故用that引导同位语从句。

10．under考查固定搭配。

under construction为固定搭配，意为“在建造中”。

故填under。

(2019·太原市模拟) Silk was not the only product to be transported along the Silk Road, with finely carved jade (翡翠) and medicinal herbs also being __1__ (export) from China. Like silk, trade in luxury items boomed, and many merchants found instant wealth.
Rather __2__ traveling the entire length of the Silk Road, each merchant traded goods along one section of the route, __3__ (buy) them in one oasis (绿洲) town and selling them in another. The travelers and merchants also __4__ (carry) many ideas, philosophies and religions with them along the Silk Road. Of all these, Buddhism, which came from India, had the greatest influence __5__ Chinese culture. It __6__ (eventual) became China's primary faith, more widespread than the original Chinese religions of Confucianism and Taoism.
Silk Road trades traveled together in long caravans (旅行队) of camels. This mode of travel provided __7__ (protect) from robbers who might attempt __8__ (rob) the valuable goods being transported. The Silk Road was not only one single road, but __9__ whole collection of routes by __10__ goods were transported between the East and the West.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了古代东西方交易的纽带——丝绸之路。

1．exported考查过去分词。

本句含有with复合结构，动词export和“finely carved jade (翡翠) and medicinal herbs”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，故填exported。

2．than考查固定搭配。

每个商人在丝绸之路的某一段路上交易货物，而不是走整个丝绸之路。

rather than意为“而不是”，为固定搭配。

3．buying考查现在分词。

本句中buy和句子主语each merchant之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故填buying。

4．carried考查动词的时态。

根据本文时态可知，本文讲述的是过去发生的事，因此本句应用一般过去时，故填carried。

5．on考查介词。

have the greatest influence on表示“对……影响最大”，故填介词on。

6．eventually考查副词。

这里是说它(佛教)最终成为中国的主要信仰。

本句中应用副词修饰动词became，故填eventually“最终”。

7．protection考查名词。

动词provided后应用名词作宾语，故填protection。

8．to rob考查不定式。

attempt意为“试图，企图”，后跟不定式作宾语，故填to rob。

9．a考查冠词。

丝绸之路不是单纯的一条路，而是一整套路线，通过这些路线货物在东西方之间运输。

此处表示泛指，a whole collection of意为“一整套”，故填冠词a。

10．which考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，本句中“by __10__ goods were transported between the East and the West”为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，空处为关系词，指代先行词“a whole collection of routes”，故填which。