2020高考英语新创新一轮复习 Unit 1 The written word课下作业(一-三)(含解析)牛津译林版选修8.doc

选修8 Unit 1 课下作业（一~三）
课下作业（一）考点过关针对练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Pin (钉住) the pieces together before sewing them.
2．He put the letter in a red envelope (信封), and mailed it.
3．Some people are still in the water, waiting to be rescued (救援)．
4．There have been rumors that the band will reunite (再联合) for a world tour.
5．The government has decided to reform (改良) the health system.
6．The plot (故事情节) of the film was so boring that I fell asleep while watching it.
7．Lily twisted (转动) her head so she could see what was happening.
8．I saw the vase made in the Tang Dynasty in the window of a(n) antique (文物) shop.
9．She sat upright, her body rigid (僵直的) with fear.
10．Genes determine the characteristics (特征) of every living thing.
11．Metals will melt (熔化) when heated to a certain temperature.
12．Would you please introduce me to Professor Li? I adore (崇拜) him very much.
13．Can you translate those paragraphs (段落) into English?
14．The police kept after the criminal (罪犯) until they finally caught him.
15．He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt (债) I owe him.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The man in the river desperately (desperate) tried to reach the bank.
2．The key to success as a romantic novelist (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
3．Mark, who had at first been very tense (tension), at last relaxed.
4．Your insight, kindness, courage, and generosity (generous) make this site what it is.
5．We must strengthen our unity (unite) in the face of powerful enemies.
6．On occasion, little Annie would violently (violent) attack anyone who came near.
7．One characteristic (character) I have observed over the years in all great software developers is their passion for their work.
8．Her father tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but in vain.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．I won't buy a new pair of shoes for you until this pair is wore out. wore →worn
2．So why exactly does your job have reputation for being stressful？have后加a
3．Every one couldn't resist to laughing when they heard the story.去掉to
4．I intended to help him, but I was too busy at that moment.intended 前加had
5．He tried to cover up his mistakes but in the vain.去掉the
6．All electronic computers consist in five units although they are of different kinds.in→of
7．Just make sure you are on tune with your intuition while making these decisions.on→in
8．The company is appealing for everyone to save power and water.for →to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．It is said that the school being built at present is_intended_for_the_disabled_children.
据说现在正在建设的学校是为残疾儿童设立的。

2．She couldn't_resist_laughing when her teacher told a funny joke in class.
当老师在班上讲了一个有趣的笑话时，她忍不住大笑起来。

3．The child was_rescued_from_the_fire,_but died soon because of terrible burns.
这个孩子从大火中被救了出来，但不久之后由于严重的烧伤而死去了。

4．The unattended children are in_desperate_need_of love and attention.
留守儿童非常需要爱和关怀。

5．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has_a_very_good_reputation.
这名医生治疗心脏病医术高超，而且从不收病人的礼物，所以他的名声很好。

6．The teacher raised his voice to_make_himself_heard.
老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他的声音。

7．My father got_cured after the doctor used a new treatment.
在医生使用新治疗方案之后，我的父亲被治愈了。

8．To live a low­carbon life, more and more people would_rather_ride_a_bicycle_than_drive.
为了过低碳生活，越来越多的人宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。

课下作业（二）话题阅读培优练
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Walk into any bookstore, and you can hardly avoid“bumping into”Charles Dickens. Many of Dickens's ❶novels (novel) still sell well today. And they ❷are_laid (lay) on outstanding shelves.
One day nearly 10 years ago, however, when I was giving my students a lecture about Dickens's ❸writing (write), a hand shot up.“But why should we still read this stuff？”the student asked.
The question ❹annoyed (annoy) me for years and for years, I told myself answers, but never with complete ❺satisfaction (satisfy). We read Dickens because we can learn from experiences of his ❻characters (character) almost as ❼easily (easy) as we can learn from our own experiences. We read Dickens because ...
The above reasons for reading Dickens may be fair. But these are not exactly the reasons why I read Dickens. My search for an answer continued until one day a text message came from a student of mine.“We still read
Dickens's novels，”she wrote，“because they tell us why we are and what we are.”Simple as it was, that was the explanation I ❽had_sought (seek) for years.
Dickens ❾shines_a_light_on (照亮) who we are during the best of times and worst of times. So go to ○10_pick_up (拿起) one of his many novels, read it and enjoy what it has to tell you about yourself.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
❶librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share ❷knowledge. They ❸discussed various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was worried that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more ❹precious to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language —new books, ❺ancient books, even a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for ❻permission to move the books to a safe place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands.Secretly, she brought books home every night, filling her car late after work. Her friends came to help her when the war ❼broke_out. Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books. All through the night, Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, passed them over the seven­foot wall and hid them in the restaurant. The books stayed ❽hidden as the war
continued. Then nine days later, a fire burned the library to the ground.
One day, the bombing stopped and the soldiers left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be ❾moved again while the city was quiet. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and 10dreamed_of peace and a new library.
○
课下作业（三）高考语篇提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019·长沙质检)
Best Science Books of 2017
At its heart, science is about curiosity. So it stands to reason that these books about science should make you examine your world more closely, and in doing so, give you a sense of wonder.
Big Chicken, by Maryn McKenna
Investigative journalist Maryn McKenna uses the modern industrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics (抗生素) transformed modern agriculture —for good and ill. She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health, causing serious problems from antibiotic­resistant stomach infections to UTIs. Recognizing that Americans are going to continue to eat chicken no matter what, McKenna suggests a way in which factory farming rids itself of its dependence on antibiotics.
Why Time Flies, by Alan Burdick
The New Yorker staff writer Alan Burdick examines the greatest gift
humanity has ever known: time. Time, he writes, appears to exist in two distinct forms. One is the standardized, objective kind found in clocks and watches; the other is our internal, biological sense of time, the one we measure in our cells, bodies and minds. But the closer he looks, the less clear this distinction appears.
Paleoart, by Zo e Lescaze
Dinosaurs have long captured the imaginations of scientists and artists alike, and Paleoart brings those visions together in a blend of human knowledge and creativity.
These images not only show our changing understanding of dinosaurs, but also reflect the distinct artistic sensibility of their time. Both artistic and educational these pictures are certainly influential.
What It's Like to Be a Dog, by Gregory Berns
Berns, a neuroscientist, trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time. That pioneering work inspired him to dig deeper into the minds of other animals, from sea lions to the extinct thylacine (袋狼). Berns says, “With their ability to think, choose and feel, dogs and other animals do not deserve the cruel treatment humans so often do to them.”
语篇解读：本文是说明文，介绍了2017年四本最佳科学图书的作者、简介等相关内容。

1．Which book has something to do with public health?
A．Big Chicken.B．Why Time Flies.
C．Paleoart. D．What It's Like to Be a Dog.
解析：选A细节理解题。

根据第一本书Big Chicken中的“She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health, causing serious problems from antibiotic­resistant stomach infections to UTIs”可知，这本书是有关人类健康的。

故答案选A。

2．Who writes about time?
A．Maryn McKenna. B．Alan Burdick.
C．Zoe Lescaze. D．Gregory Berns.
解析：选B细节理解题。

第二本书Why Time Flies是关于时间的，其作者是Alan Burdick。

故答案选B。

3．What was Berns' pioneering work?
A．Training dogs.
B．Studying extinct animals.
C．Observing dog brains.
D．Fighting for animal rights.
解析：选C细节理解题。

第四本书What It's Like to Be a Dog中的That pioneering work指的是“in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time”，可知这项开创性的工作是观察狗的大脑，故答案选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空
Keep on reading
In our high­tech society today, too many people are relying on technology to meet all of their __1__ and personal growth needs. They believe all they need to do is __2__ those buttons and they've got the __3__ to everything.
There is much that can be said about the __4__ of the electronic age, but the computer is still the greatest, especially in the area of creativity. Ongoing creativity greatly __5__ the input into our minds. We accumulate vast amounts of __6__ through observation, listening, reading and talking with people.
One of the most reliable __7__ of information comes from the materials we __8__. We have access to some of the __9__ minds in the world. We can read the words of brilliant men and women who have gone __10__ us and who are still living with us. The question is whether we can __11__ this great resource.
__12__，the answer for well over half of our people is no. Fifty­eight percent of all people in our society, when they __13__ their formal education, never read another __14__ book.That's unbelievably tragic (可悲的) and limiting. __15__，those who make “Who's Who in America”read an average of 20 useful books in a year.
__16__，in five years they will have read 100 books by authorities in many different fields. It gives them __17__. More importantly, it provides inspiration and keeps them growing. In short, these are mature (成熟的), progressive, successful，happy, healthy people. Of course, this is not always __18__，but give you 100 readers vs.100 non­readers and __19__ you chart the courses of their lives, you will find that the readers are more __20__ in every area of life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。

文章论述了坚持阅读的重要性。

1．A.natural B．physical
C．material D．educational
解析：选D根据下文中的“personal growth needs”，“creativity”，“information”，“read”等可知，现在很多人都依靠科技来满足他们的“教育(educational)”和个人成长的需求。

2．A.turn B．move
C．press D．seize
解析：选C根据上文中的“relying on technology”可知，他们相信只要“按下(press)”按钮，就能得到自己想要的“答案(answers)”。

3．A.reactions B．answers
C．secrets D．links
解析：选B参见上题解析。

4．A.beliefs B．courses
C．benefits D．challenges
解析：选C根据下文中的“the computer is still the greatest”可知，生活在电子时代有很多“好处(benefits)”，电脑是其中最重要的一个好处。

5．A.deals with B．focuses on
C．contributes to D．depends on
解析：选D根据下文中的“We accumulate vast amounts of ________ through observation, listening, reading and talking with people”可知，持续创新很大程度上“依赖(depends on)”输入大脑的信息。

6．A.knowledge B．wealth
C．power D．data
解析：选A根据下文中的“information comes from the materials we
________”可知，我们通过观察、倾听、阅读和与人交谈可以积累大量的“知识(knowledge)”。

7．A.exchanges B．sources
C．fields D．types
解析：选B根据下文中的“comes from the materials”可知，此处是说其中一个最可靠的信息“来源(sources)”。

8．A.read B．choose
C．collect D．provide
解析：选A根据下文中的“We can read the words of brilliant men and women”可知，信息来自于我们所“阅读(read)”的材料。

9．A.loneliest B．greatest
C．strangest D．luckiest
解析：选B根据下文中的“the words of brilliant men and women”可知，我们可以接触到一些“最伟大的(greatest)”、有才智的人的思想。

10．A.beyond B．beside
C．before D．behind
解析：选C根据下文中的“and who are still living with us”可知，我们可以阅读到那些古今杰出人物的著作。

have gone before us与are still living with us形成并列。

11．A.add up to B．get rid of
C．look forward to D．take advantage of
解析：选D根据下文中的“Fifty­eight percent of all people in our society,
when they ________ their formal education, never read another ________ book”可知，问题是我们是否能“利用(take advantage of)”这一资源。

12．A.Undoubtedly B．Hopefully
C．Eventually D．Unfortunately
解析：选D根据下文中的“the answer for well over half of our people is no”和“That's unbelievably tragic”可知，“不幸的是(Unfortunately)”，我们一半以上的人的回答都是否定的。

13．A.finish B．obtain
C．begin D．continue
解析：选A根据下文中的“That's unbelievably tragic (可悲的) and limiting”可知，很多人在“完成(finish)”了他们的正规教育之后，将不再多读一本“有意义的(meaningful)”的书。

14．A.boring B．difficult
C．meaningful D．interesting
解析：选C参见上题解析。

15．A.In fact B．By the way
C．After all D．On the other hand
解析：选D空处上下文之间是转折关系，故此处填On the other hand。

16．A.Casually B．Obviously
C．Gradually D．Necessarily
解析：选B根据上文中的“those who make ‘Who's Who in America’read an average of 20 useful books in a year”可知，“显然(Obviously)”，在五年内他们就能读完100本书。

17．A.intention B．permission
C．information D．preparation
解析：选C读书使他们获得“信息(information)”，还激励他们不断成长。

18．A.true B．good
C．simple D．vivid
解析：选A读书多的人更成熟、更进取……这一观点并不总是“正确的(true)”。

19．A.until B．when
C．since D．because
解析：选B“当(when)”你了解了读书者和不读书者的人生轨迹后，你会发现读书者在生活的各个领域都更“成功(successful)”。

20．A.successful B．peaceful
C．thankful D．helpful
解析：选A参见上题解析。

Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·兰州诊断)Parkour (跑酷) is a sport which trains people to deal with any physical obstacles in their path. It is not a competition but a physical training. A person joining in parkour is called a traceur. Traceurs run along a path and use only their bodies to deal with the obstacles in the most efficient way. Parkour pays more attention to efficiency, __1__ (make) it different from the similar practice of free running. Parkour __2__ (common) includes running, jumping, climbing, rolling and other similar types of physical movements. Many
teenagers think that parkour is quite __3__ cool sport. They have great interest in it.
The __4__ (invent) of parkour can't __5__ (give) to one person because many people have worked on it. A French officer developed the earlier form of parkour. The term “parkour”was first introduced by David Belle and Sebastian Foucan in the early 1980s. __6__ that time, they were two teenagers. This sport __7__ (become) more popular in the 1990s when many films were made on it.
__8__ makes parkour different from other sports is its power to bring people together. It allows traceurs to forget the __9__ (society) and other problems, and makes a large group work and grow together instead of competing with each other. People can benefit from parkour as it can make them stronger. Still, it also influences one's thought process by improving self­confidence and critical­thinking skills. In this way, parkour allows one to deal with __10__ (difficulty) in daily life if he or she deals with them through parkour.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了跑酷这项运动。

1．making考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，空处考查非谓语动词且表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。

2．commonly考查副词。

分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词。

3．a考查冠词。

此处构成“quite＋a/an＋adj.＋n.”结构，且cool的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。

4．invention考查名词。

分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，且空前有The 修饰，故用名词形式。

5．be given考查动词的语态。

此处主语与give之间为动宾关系，且情
态动词后用动词原形。

故填be given。

6．At考查介词。

at that time意为“在那时候”，为固定搭配。

7．became考查动词的时态。

句中in the 1990s为表示过去的时间，所以此处用一般过去时。

8．What考查主语从句。

空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，故填What。

9．social考查形容词。

此处修饰名词problems，故用形容词。

10．difficulties考查名词的数。

根据下文中的“them”可知，此处应用名词复数。

Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·郑州质检)Last year my class went on the trip to the mountains for skiing. We have already been to the same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience.
When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible storm. At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we decide to go anyway. When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing again. The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were waiting for the weather to improve. But it didn't and soon we really felt very frightening. Luckily,
I had my cell phone in my bag. I called the emergency services, at last they sent
a helicopter to save us.
答案：第一句：第一个the→a
第二句：have→had; wonderfully→wonderful
第三句：去掉at; storm→storms
第四句：decide→decided
第五句：that→it
第六句：since→when/while/as 第七句：frightening→frightened 第九句：at前加and。