(统考版)高考英语一轮复习必修4Unit10Money课时提能练(含解析)北师大版

课时提能练(十九)
必修4Unit 10Money(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·洛阳市第二次统一考试)Are you driven to create change in improving kids' futures? Here are a few options.
Education
Going after a career in education is sometimes overlooked.Yet teaching is an important path to creating change.You will educate the young minds to be responsible for the future.In addition to presenting basic school subjects，you can teach them to be leaders.You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves.
A career in education doesn't have to mean teaching in a classroom.You can help them to learn in a way you work for them and be a friend to them as well.
Social work
As a social worker，you can directly change the lives of children in need and advocate services for drug abusers，family violence survivors，and the mentally ill.You will provide them with the necessary resources to succeed and advise them on trauma (精神创伤)，unemployment，education difficulties and poverty.
Many social workers are associated with governmental agencies，but there are also jobs in schools，non­profit organizations and hospitals.
Child psychology
Studying child psychology may lead to a career option.Psychologists can provide support for children with mental problems and give them a place to be open about their feelings.
You may wish to become a school psychologist and guide children (and their parents) through the education system while dealing with mental illness or trauma.As a psychologist，you will help your patients find the source of trauma or stress and discover ways of easing the pain or removing the problem.You may even conduct your own research on new treatment methods.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了三种能改善儿童未来的职业选择——教育、社会服务和儿童
心理学。

1．Which educational concept does the author support?
A．Working with students' group leaders.
B．Teaching children according to their interest.
C．Keeping teaching children in the classroom.
D．Encouraging students to make a change themselves.
D[细节理解题。

根据Education部分中的“You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves”可知，作者鼓励儿童自己做出改变，故D项正确。

]
2．Who will social workers help most probably?
A．Governmental officials.
B．Local business agents.
C．Children with education difficulties.
D．Women suffering from family violence.
C[推理判断题。

根据Social work部分中的“As a social worker，you can directly change the lives of children in need” “advise them cation difficulties”可推知，社会福利工作者最可能帮助学习有困难的儿童，故C项正确。

]
3．Which career mainly deals with children with mental illness?
A．Educators.
B．School leaders.
C．Social workers.
D．School psychologists.
D[细节理解题。

根据Child psychology部分中的“Psychologists can provide support for children with mental problems”以及尾段第一句可知，学校心理学家主要和有精神疾病的儿童打交道，故D项正确。

]
B
(2020·南昌市一模)When given the choice，about 85% of people say they would not want to know about some negative events far in the future.Yet recently millions of people around the globe have downloaded FaceApp，which allows users to see how they might age in real life.
Many people had fun with it，joking that they love the FaceApp old age filter.Beneath the humor is a serious subject: How do we learn to relate to our future selves? It's important that we try to do it because it could help strengthen the long­term decisions that we make.However，we often fail to make sacrifices for the grayer versions of ourselves.
More than half of the respondents in a recent survey of 2,800 Americans said they rarely or never thought about what their lives might be like 30 years from now.This isn't surprising，since most of us are firmly rooted in the present and thinking about the distant future can seem like a distant priority (优先事项)．My ongoing research
might also offer an explanation: We tend to think about our future selves as if they are the persons different from who we are today.In an effort to narrow these empathy (共鸣) gaps，my workmates and I have tried to present people's future selves in the same way as others have tried to promote charity.Given that a photograph of one hungry child can spark emotional reactions，and cause viewers to donate，we have presented participants with vivid images of their distant selves.
That seems helpful.In a recently completed project in Mexico，we found that exposure to future images led more people to contribute to their pensions.Despite this research，I'm skeptical about the fact that the app users will suddenly increase their pension contributions.The silly app isn't paired with an immediate opportunity to change.
The lesson from FaceApp shouldn't be that we need to marry hi­tech visuals with savings for retirement.The lesson，then，takes the form of a question: What more can be done to urge us to think about who we will become one day?
【语篇解读】FaceApp推出的人脸编辑器能让人看到自己未来变老的样子，这引发了作者的思考，并让作者从中获得了一个以问题的形式呈现的教训：我们需要多做些什么来敦促自己去思考有朝一日我们会成为什么样子？
4．What can we learn about FaceApp?
A．It provides future images.
B．It is the most downloaded app.
C．It helps people make decisions.
D．It makes people age in real life.
A[推理判断题。

根据第一段最后一句中的“which allows users to see how they might age in real life”可知，FaceApp可以让用户看到他们是如何变老的，故可推知，FaceApp 能提供未来的图像，故选A。

]
5．Why do most respondents rarely think of their future life?
A．They have known their future life from FaceApp.
B．They fail to make sacrifices for their future.
C．They attach greater importance to the present.
D．They consider future selves to be the same as today's.
C[细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“most of us are firmly rooted in the present and thinking about the distant future can seem like a distant priority(优先事项)”可知，大部分回复调查的人很少考虑他们未来的生活是因为他们更加重视现在，故选C。

] 6．What does the underlined word “ That” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Completing a project in Mexico.
B．Offering aging images of participants.
C．Raising contributions among viewers.
D．Giving a photograph of a hungry child.
B[代词指代题。

画线词所在句为第四段首句。

根据语境可知，That承接上文内容，指的是上文中提到的一个具体的行为，结合第三段尾句中的“presented participants with vivid images of their distant selves ”可知，That指的就是这个行为，故选B。

] 7．What's the author's attitude to FaceApp?
A．Positive. B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous. D．Unfavorable.
D[观点态度题。

根据第四段中的“The silly app isn't paired with an immediate opportunity to change”可推知，作者对FaceApp持不支持的态度，故选D。

] Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·西安五校高三联考)Two­year­old Nancy is dea f.However，that hasn't stopped her from being a(n) __1__ little girl trying to “chat” to anyone she meets.As soon as she goes out into town with her parents，she starts __2__ in the hope that the person she is talking to __3__ sign language too.
Normally，hearing loss is a social __4__ for those who don't know how to use sign language.Anyone Nancy tried to talk to __5__ this and felt so sorry they
couldn't__6__.They wished they could __7__her and say something back，but they found themselves completely__8__ .
Then，something amazing happened.Instead of causing a(n)__9__ ，this barrier brought the community together.Determined to __10__ sign language so that they could talk to Nancy，her __11__ hired an instructor on their own.And now they__12__ lots of time taking classes together.The teacher __13__ that this is really remarkable because，quite often，even the parents of deaf children don't __14__ to learn this language.But here Nancy has a full community that is signing and communicating with her，and it is a__15__ story.
The teacher also says that it will make a huge difference in Nancy's__16__.It almost certainly guarantees that she will be a happier __17__ in the future.Nancy's parents are already noticing a __18__in their daughter and they have no words to express how __19__ they are to their neighbors.
With a little girl and a lot of love，the neighbors __20__ make the neighborhood a loving community.
【语篇解读】Nancy从小失聪，但是这并没有阻止她成为一个外向的、想要与他人沟通的孩子。

她用手语和周围的人交流，但是大家都听不懂。

于是她的邻居们请了一位老师来教他们学习手语，老师认为这是一个了不起的举动。

因为这个小女孩和大家为她做的事，这个社区团结在了一起。

1．A.independent B．helpful
C．outgoing D．generous
C[根据空后的“little girl trying to‘chat’to anyone she meets”可知，失聪并没有阻止Nancy成为一个外向的(outgoing)小女孩，她试图和遇到的每一个人聊天。

] 2．A.signing B．cheering
C．waving D．smiling
A[根据上文可知Nancy失聪了，此处表示她开始使用手语，她希望她要交谈的人也懂(know)手语。

此处对应下文中的“sign language”。

sign意为“打手语”。

] 3．A.accepts B．knows
C．recognizes D．appreciates
B[参见上题解析。

know“知道，了解”。

]
4．A.mistake B．stress
C．conflict D．barrier
D[根据语境可知，正常情况下，对于那些不知道如何使用手语的人来说，听力丧失是一种社交障碍(barrier)。

]
5．A.discussed B．ignored
C．realized D．denied
C[根据下文表述的每一个Nancy欲交谈的人都很抱歉他们不能回应 (respond)，说明他们是意识到了这一点的。

]
6．A.respond B．apologize
C．return D．agree
A[参见上题解析。

]
7．A.inspire B．protect
C．trust D．understand
D[根据空后的“say something back”可知，他们希望他们能够明白Nancy的意思。

] 8．A.at risk B．in surprise
C．at a loss D．in a hurry
C[根据句中的“but”并结合语境可知，此处和上文形成转折，说明他们发现自己完全听不懂。

at a loss“困惑，不知所措”。

]
9．A.separation B．debate
C．complaint D．argument
A[根据空前的“Instead of”以及空后的“this barrier brought the community together”可知，这个障碍并没有造成隔阂，反而把社区团结在了一起。

separation意为“分离，隔离”。

]
10．A.create B．learn
C．translate D．improve
B[根据下文中的“they could talk to Nancy”“hired an instructor”“taking classes together”可知，他们决心要学会手语来跟Nancy交流。

]
11．A.classmates B．parents
C．teachers D．neighbors
D[根据上文中的“the community”和下文Nancy的父母很感激这些邻居可知，Nancy 的邻居们请了一位教师来教他们手语。

]
12．A.spend B．cost
C．obtain D．use
A[根据上文内容并结合语境可知，他们现在花费(spend)很多时间上课。

]
13．A.warns B．predicts
C．says D．regrets
C[根据语境及下文中的“The teacher also says”可知，老师说这真的很了不起，因为很多时候，甚至是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心学习这种交流方式。

]
14．A.fail B．bother
C．hesitate D．refuse
B[参见上题解析。

bother“费心”。

]
15．A.relaxing B．popular
C．humorous D．beautiful
D[根据句中的“But here Nancy has a full community that is signing and communicating with her”并结合语境可知，这是一个美好的(beautiful) 故事。

] 16．A.plan B．hearing
C．life D．opinion
C[空后一句表述这种做法几乎肯定确保Nancy未来会成为一个更加快乐的人，说明邻居们的做法会对Nancy的生活产生巨大的影响。

]
17．A.actor B．individual
C．student D．worker
B[参见上题解析。

]
18．A.potential B．belief
C．strength D．difference
D[根据上文中的“make a huge difference”和下文Nancy的父母很感激邻居们可知，Nancy发生了变化。

difference意为“变化(之处)”。

]
19．A.friendly B．grateful
C．important D．familiar
B[根据上文邻居们为Nancy所做的事情并结合语境可知，此处表示 Nancy的父母无法用言语来表达对邻居们的感激之情。

]
20．A.truly B．almost
C．merely D．even
A[该句总结全文，根据全文内容可知，因为这个小女孩以及邻居们对她的爱，邻居们真正地把这个居住区变成了一个充满爱的社区。

]
课时提能练(二十)
必修4Unit 10Money(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·长沙市统一模拟)“Pay it forward” is a new saying which means donating money or performing good deeds without hoping for recognition.As far as the receiver of the money，gift，or good deed is concerned，he or she is told only to do something good for someone else.
When Scott，a homeless man，spent his last $15，he wasn't looking at it as an investment，but it's about to pay him huge profits.After he helped a woman who ran out of gas，she returned the favor by raising a lot more on the Internet.
Emily McClure,26，was driving home when she ran out of gas halfway.“He saw me pull over and knew something was wrong，” she wrote.“He told me to get back in the car and lock the doors.A few minutes later，he came back with a red gas can，using his last 15 dollars to make sure I could get home safely.”
She couldn't repay him at that time because she had no cash with her.“I have been stopping by his spot for the past few weeks.I repaid him for the gas and gave him some clothes.”
Emily decided to do more for him，so she started a crowdfunding (众筹) campaign on GoFundMe，and it quickly gained far beyond its initial$10,000 goal. When it reached $100,000，the fund­raising page was shut down for a time at Scott's request.He didn't want people to think he was taking advantage of the situation.Finally，Emily said that she restarted it because the public interest had not decreased.She also added
that Scott planned to donate the rest to a good cause.
According to The Washington Times，Scott wants to get a job at a warehouse and a department manager from a company has already reached out to Scott.
【语篇解读】无家可归的斯科特用自己最后的15美元帮助了在中途车没油的艾米丽；为回报他，艾米丽在网络上发起众筹，然而斯科特却把筹集来的多余的钱捐赠给了慈善机构，他以这种方式奉献社会，社会最终以一份不错的工作回报了他。

1．Why did Scott buy a can of gas for Emily?
A．To get huge profits from her.
B．To get a job to make a living.
C．To get a chance to become famous.
D．To make sure she could get home safely.
D[细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句可知，斯科特用他最后的15美元为艾米丽买了一罐汽油，以确保她能安全回家，故D项正确。

]
2．Why was the fund­raising page closed for a time?
A．People had no more interest in donation.
B．Emily was too busy to make efforts for it.
C．Scott was unwilling to be considered greedy.
D．The goal to raise $10,000 had been achieved.
C[细节理解题。

根据第五段第二句和第三句可知，资金筹集网页关闭是应斯科特的要求，因为他不想让人觉得自己是在利用这种情况，即斯科特不愿意被认为是贪婪的，故C项正确。

]
3．Which of the following best describes Scott?
A．Flexible but mean.
B．Caring and supportive.
C．Honest but stubborn.
D．Aggressive and demanding.
B[推理判断题。

根据第三段的内容以及第五段中的“Scott planned to donate the rest to a good cause”可知，当斯科特发现艾米丽的车子没油停在半路的时候，他让艾米丽回到车里锁好车门，并用自己最后的15美元为艾米丽买了一罐汽油以确保她能安全回家；他还计划把筹集来的多余的钱捐给一个做好事的组织，由此可推知，他关心他人而且能够给予他人帮助，故B项正确。

]
4．What does the author want to tell us from the text?
A．Two heads are better than one.
B．One good turn deserves another.
C．One man's meat is another man's poison.
D．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
B[写作意图题。

根据第二段尾句“After he helped a woman...on the Internet”并结合全文内容可知，本文讲述了无家可归的斯科特帮助了艾米丽，社会也帮助了斯科特的故事，说明了好人有好报的道理。

故B项正确。

]
B
(2020·重庆市高三学业质量调研抽测)At first glance，there is nothing unusual about the BingoBox store—shelves stacked with snacks line the walls，tempting passers­by through the glass windows.But on closer inspection，BingoBox is no ordinary store.The door opens only after customers scan a QR code to enter，and there is no cashier to tally up purchases — just a lone checkout counter in a corner.The Shanghai­based company is one of many unmanned store operators opening outlets all over China，hoping to improve slim profit margins in the retail business by reducing staff costs.
“If capital costs rise quickly，that puts greater pressure on low­margin businesses like convenience stores and supermarkets，”said Andrew Song，an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities.“In China，manpower costs have been rising relatively quickly.”
However，the futuristic vision of shopping without a checkout person is still in progress.A reporter who visited a BingoBox store in Shanghai was briefly locked in when he was trying to exit without making a purchase.Although a sign near the exit stated that empty­handed customers can leave by scanning a QR code，no QR code was to be found.Repeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswered.
Another unmanned operation in China，Take Go，only allows one customer in the shop at a time because of technology limitations in using multiple cameras for scanning customers' faces.
The idea of unmanned stores first caught the world's attention when the largest US online retailer announced its cashier­less store，which is only available to employees for now.Since then，some technology companies in China，including the e­commerce firm Alibaba Group，have launched their own versions of unmanned stores.
Embedded with technology such as RFID tags，mobile payment systems and facial recognition systems，such stores collect valuable data that give operators a better idea of consumers' preference and buying habits，which can then be used to optimize the operation and make more efficient inventory decisions.For BingoBox，lower
operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic，according to Chen Zilin，the founder and CEO of BingoBox.
【语篇解读】许多无人值守商店经营者在全国开分店，希望通过减少员工成本来提高零售业微薄的利润，但无人值守商店也有其弊端和局限性，经营商需要对其进行改进；另外，低经营成本也意味着经营商可将其业务范围扩大到客流量较少的区域。

5．What makes the BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?
A．Shelves stacked with goods.
B．A lone checkout counter.
C．Fewer cashiers to tally up purchases.
D．Entering by scanning a QR code.
A[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“At first glance...shelves stacked with snacks line the walls”可知，乍一看，缤果盒子与普通商店无异，因为其货架上也摆满了商品，故选A项。

]
6．Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?
A．The customers prefer mobile payment systems.
B．The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.
C．The employees focus on consumers' preference and buying habits.
D．The operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.
B[细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句可知，无人值守商店经营者希望通过减少员工成本来提高零售业的利润，即无人值守商店减少了员工的开支，有利于提高利润，所以才受到经营者的欢迎，故选B项。

]
7．How many cases can show that the unmanned stores need improving?
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
A[细节理解题。

题干问有多少种情况表明无人值守商店需要改善。

根据第三段的内容可知，一个光顾上海缤果盒子的记者因没有购买商品而被暂时锁在店内，出口处的标牌标明没有购买商品的顾客可以通过扫描二维码离开，但却找不到该二维码，且反复拨打客户服务热线无人应答；根据第四段的内容可知，由于利用多个摄像机扫描客户面部技术受限，另外一个无人值守商店Take Go一次只允许店内进入一个顾客。

由此可知，有两种情况表明无人值守商店需改善，故选A项。

]
8．What can we infer according to Chen Zilin?
A．Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.
B．The operators collect data about consumers' preference and buying habits.
C．BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in unmanned stores.
D．The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more remote places with low costs.
D[推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句可知，较低的经营成本意味着经营商能够将业务范围扩大到客流量较少的地区，即较偏远的地区，故选D项。

]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
1__ Here are three of them.
__2___By using solar energy，you will make your home far more sustainable.So long as there is the sun in the sky，the solar panels atop your house will catch the rays and then transform them into electricity.
3__ To be truly sustainable，you've to change your water drinking habits.
__4__ More often than not，these types of straws are used only once before being got rid of and taking up valuable landfill space.
5__
You have the power to make a sustainable change to your lifestyle — take the above advice and don't waste it.
A．Turn to solar energy.
B．Avoid wasting valuable resources.
C．The best thing you can do is cycle，walk，or run.
D．Two choices you have are sharing cars and taking public transport.
E．There're many easy and simple things you can do to be more sustainable.
F．Another change you can make in this instance is to stop using plastic straws.
G．Drinking water like this might be quick，easy and convenient，but it's not sustainable.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了三条有助于养成环保生活方式的建议，包括使用太阳能、改变饮水习惯以及减少交通工具的碳排放量。

1．E[根据空前的“this kind of transformation doesn't have to be an exhausting exercise”可知，这种改变不一定是一项使人疲惫的活动，并结合空后一句表述的“这里是它们中的三个”以及下文表述的三个建议可知，E项与此处匹配。

]
2．A[根据空后的“By using solar energy，you will make your home far more sustainable”可知，该段讲的是“使用太阳能”的建议，故A项符合语境。

] 3．G[该段主要谈论改变饮水的习惯，空前一句表述如果你数过数量，你会发现你一年中因饮水而用的一次性塑料瓶的数量能达到三位数，或者甚至可能是四位数，由此可知，空处应是对饮用塑料瓶装水的评价，故选G。

]
4．F[根据空后一句中的“these types of straws”可知，F项“就这个情况而言，
你可以做出的另一个改变是停止使用塑料吸管”符合语境。

]
5．D[该部分谈论的是在交通工具的碳排放量方面如何培养环保的生活方式，空前一句表述仍然有一些你能做的事情来使你的生活方式更加环保，D项中的“Two choices”与此处呼应，且整句话表述的内容与此段内容匹配，故选D项。

]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·长沙市统一模拟)According to 1._______new study by the WHO(World Health Organization)，about 25 percent of adults worldwide do not get enough exercise.Because of this，about 1.4 billion people are 2.________ greater risk of developing 3.________ (dead) diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
When it comes to 4._________ (exercise) more，experts say that people needn't go to the gym every day.There are other ways to exercise.For example，we can take the stairs instead of taking an elevator.And standing on one leg for 30 seconds each day 5.________(be) also good for our health.
The study also finds that women are less active than men because 6.________(them) tend to spend more time at home taking care of 7.________ (child) and doing housework.
Countries with higher incomes show higher rates of inactivity.For example，people in Kuwait and the United States exercise less 8._________people in Uganda and Nepal.This is partly because in 9._________ (develop) areas，desk jobs have taken the place of physical labor and cars 10.________(replace) walking.
【语篇解读】世界卫生组织的一项新的研究发现，全世界大约有25%的成年人缺乏足够的锻炼；女性由于要照顾孩子和做家务，与男性相比锻炼得少。

此外，高收入国家的人们比低收入国家的人们锻炼得少。

1．a[考查冠词。

根据语境可知，该处泛指“一项新的研究”，故用不定冠词；又new 的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。

]
2．at[考查固定搭配。

此处表示正因为如此，约有14亿人有较大的患心脏病和癌症等致命疾病的风险。

at risk of...“有……的风险”。

]
3．deadly[考查形容词。

该处指“致命的疾病”，故用形容词deadly“致命的”，修饰名词diseases。

]
4．exercising[考查动名词。

when it comes to doing sth.“当涉及做某事时”为固定用法，故空处应用动名词形式。

]
5．is[考查时态和主谓一致。

此处为客观描述，应用一般现在时，又该句主语为动名词短语“standing on one leg for 30 seconds each day”，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。

]
6．they[考查人称代词。

空处作从句的主语，故用主格they。

]
7．children [考查名词的单复数。

从句的主语为复数，故此处照顾的孩子也不止一个，故该处用名词的复数形式children 。

]
8．than [考查比较级的标志词。

根据空前的副词比较级less 可知，该处表示比较，意为“比”，故用than 。

]
9．developed [考查形容词。

由上文可知，科威特人和美国人比乌干达人和尼泊尔人锻炼得少；结合常识可知，这是因为在发达地区，伏案工作已经取代了体力劳动，汽车已经取代了步行。

故空处用形容词developed“发达的”。

]
10．have replaced [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

此处与该句中的现在完成时相呼应，应用现在完成时；又主语cars 为复数，故填have replaced 。

]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测)The first foreign language I never learnt was French ，but it didn't go very well.My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven.French wasn't his native languages ，but he used to live in France ，so he could speak a little.However ，I learnt very little until I didn't feel it related to my daily life anyway.When I entered into senior high school ，my attitude to language learning changed.I decided to learn Latin ，that I've always been interested in because I want to study law.Learning Latin wasn't a struggle for myself for this reason.Soon I begin to read classics in Latin.Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world.
[答案]
The first foreign language I never ever
learnt was French ，but it didn't go very well.My mother asked our neighbor ∧to teach me when I was seven.French wasn't his
native languages language
，but he used to live in France ，so he could speak a little. However ，I learnt very little until because/since/as
I didn't feel it related to my daily life anyway. When I entered into ＼ senior high school ，my attitude to language learning changed.I
decided to learn Latin ，that which
I've always been interested in because I want to study law.Learning Latin wasn't a struggle for myself me for this reason.Soon I begin began
to read classics in Latin.Read Reading those books opened a window for me to another world or and
gave me a new point of view on my own world.。