2015年4月00015真题

2015年4月高等教育自学考试
00015英语（二）试卷
一.阅读判断（第1〜10题，每题1分，共10分）
Using Music to Change Your Mood
Everyone knows that listening to music when feeling bad can provide a relie f. Music can also reduce stress, make depression more bearable and help you rel ax.
All the benefits of music can only be got if the listener enjoys the music he is listening to. If the listener dislikes the music or finds it boring，it w ill have a negative effect on him instead of a positive one.
Now let's examine what most of us do when it comes to listening to music. W e usually just listen to a play list and allow a program to randomly（任意的）s elect the songs we are going to listen to.
This is where the program lies. What if you liked the first song but found the second one boring? What if the third one was a motivating song while the fo urth didn’t suit your emotions? What do you think the result will be?
What you'll have is an emotional mess! The first song will lift your mood a little. The second will make you a little bored. The third will motivate you a nd then the fourth will put you down. In the end you’ll end up feeling worse t han before.
I strongly recommend dividing your play list into different small lists. Fo r example, a list for relaxation, a list for motivation and so on. Another very important thing you must do is to get rid of all of the old music that you are bored of. Besides, don't listen to songs with negative words or messages.
The music you listen to can delay your recovery from breakups（分手）by mon ths and months! People who listen to romantic songs after breakups recover 10 t imes slower than those who don't. So be careful with your play list if you want to recover faster.
1.Music is believed to have a comforting effect.（）
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：人们认为音乐可以产生安慰的效果。

题目的关键词是"comforting"，对应原文第一段第一句：Everyone knows that listening to music when feeling bad c an provide a relief.原文是说人人都知道当心情不好的时候听音乐可以给你安慰，题目与原文的意思一致，故选A。

2.One can benefit from all kinds of music.（）
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】人们可以从各种音乐中受益。

题目的关键词是“benefit”，对应原文第二段第一句：All the benefits of music can only be got if the listener enjoys the musi c he is listening to.原文是说如果听音乐的人喜欢他所听的音乐，他才能从中受益，题目与原文的意思不符，故选B。

3.People tend to listen to music selectively______.
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题干大意：人们倾向于有选择性地听音乐。

题目的关键词是"selectively",对应原文第三段第二句：We usually just listen to a play list and allow a program t o randomly（任意地）select the songs we are going to listen to.原文是说我们经常只听播放列表上的音乐，并且让程序任意选择我们将听的音乐，题目与原文的意思不符，故选B。

4.People generally prefer motivating songs.
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题干大意：人们一般喜欢听激昂的歌曲。

题目的关键词是"motivating songs"，对应原文第四段第三句：What if the third one was a motivating song while the fo urth didn't suit your emotions?原文是说假使第三首是激昂的歌曲，但第四首却不适合你的情绪怎么办呢？题目所说的内容在原文中并没有提到，故选C。

5.You should listen to songs that suit your emotions.（）
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：你应该听适合你情緒的歌曲。

题目的关键词是"suit your emotion s"，对应文章的题目：Using Music to Change Your Mood（用音乐改变你的心情），文章第五段也说明了要听适合你情绪的歌曲，故选A。

6.It's advisable to have different lists of songs______.
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：建立不同的歌曲列表是明智的。

题目的关键词是"different lists "，对应原文第六段第一句：I strongly recommend dividing your play list into dif ferent small lists.原文是说作者强烈建议把播放列表分成不同的小列表，题目与原文的意思一致，故选A。

7.You should remove all of the old music from your list______. A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题干大意：你应该从你的歌曲列表中移除所有的老歌。

题目的关键词是"old m usic"，对应原文第六段第三句：Another very important thing you must do is to get rid of all of the old music that you are bored of.原文是说清除所有你不喜欢的老歌，题目的表述与原文不符，故选B。

8.People should listen to songs with positive words______.
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：人们应该听有正面歌词的歌曲。

题目的关键词是"positive words"，对应原文第六段最后一句：Besides, don't listen to songs with negative words or m essages.原文是说不要听有负面歌词或信息的歌曲，题目是原文的同义表达，故选A。

9.Romantic songs help people recover from breakups faster______.
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题干大意：浪漫的歌曲帮助人们更快地从分手中恢复过来。

题目的关键是"rom antic songs"和"recover"，对应原文最后一段第二句：People who listen to romantic songs after breakups recover 10 times slower than those who don't.原文是说在分手后听浪漫歌曲的人比那些不听浪漫歌曲的人恢复得要慢10倍，"faster"与"slower"意思是相反的，故选B。

10.Many people like romantic songs______.
A．True
B．False
C．Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题干大意：许多人喜欢浪漫的歌曲。

题目的关键词是"romantic songs"，对应原文最后一段第二句：People who listen to romantic songs after breakups recover 10 times slower than those who don't.原文是说在分手后听浪漫歌曲的人比那些不听浪漫歌曲的人恢复得要慢10倍，题目所说的内容在原文中并没有提到，故选C。

二、阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）
Just Introduce Yourself
It's so easy to walk into your first job and feel like a stranger in a stra nge land. But you don't have to stay that way, and you shouldn't.
You have to remind yourself to kick your shyness away and introduce yoursel f. Just a handshake will do. Ask the supervisor who hired you to introduce you around a bit. That's the best way to make contacts. Then you'll know what to do and say when you meet these people again.
Don't do what my friend Sue did at her first job at Entertainment Weekly. " That is one of my biggest regrets: I hardly talked to anyone at all when I was there. I was scared and just thought people would talk to me first. For a long time, I was hung up on the thought that if someone was older, I respected them automatically. And even if someone started on Monday, and I started Tuesday, I just felt they had more experience. In the area I worked for four months, I har dly spoke to these people," she said．
"Of course, now I realize that was the most stupid thing. If I could do tha t again, I'd remember that it's so important not to feel shy about introducing yourself. It's not like you have to be very bold, ready to take over the place. Just introduce yourself and ask if there is anything you can do for them. That breaks the ice."
Sue believes that if she had introduced herself around a bit, there would b e just no telling what other opportunities or what other acquaintances she migh t have now. Not that she regrets where she is now at all. But had she talked to more people at her first job, "maybe it would have helped me get somewhere soo ner," she said.
11.How do people usually feel when meeting people at their first job______?
A．Shy.
B．Puzzled.
C．Curious.
D．Excited.
【答案】A
【解析】事实细节题。

根据文章第一段第一句"It's so easy…feel like a stranger in a strange land."和第二段第一句"You have to remind yourself to kick your shyn ess away and introduce yourself."可知，当在一个陌生的环境第一次工作时，人们会感觉自己像一个陌生人，就会很害羞。

故选A。

12.When Sue started her first job, she_____.
A．introduced herself around
B．asked her supervisor for help
C．shook hands with colleagues
D．waited for others to talk to her
【答案】D
【解析】事实细节题。

根据文章第三段Sue所说的话"I was scared and just thought people would talk to me first."可知，当Sue第一次工作时，她没有主动去介绍自己，而是等别人先和她说话。

故选D。

13."I was hung up on the thought" in Paragraph 3 probably means "I_____".
A．believed
B．guessed
C．learned
D．admitted
【答案】A
【解析】句意理解题。

根据文章第三段画线部分所在句的意思可知，如果别人是老员工的话，Sue就会习惯性地尊重他们。

这是她所认为的观点，由下一句中的felt也可推测出来，故选A。

14.What did Sue suggest we do at our first job______?
A．Seize every possible opportunity.
B．Get ready to take over the place.
C．Make active contacts with others.
D．Stay humble before the older staff.
【答案】C
【解析】事实细节题。

根据文章第四段倒数第二句"Just introduce yourself and ask if there is anything you can do for them."可知，Sue建议在第一次工作时要先介绍自己，然后询问别人你能为他们做什么，也就是说要和别人主动交流，故选C。

15.In talking about her first job experience, Sue expressed a sense of_____ _.
A．relief
B．regret
C．failure
D．longing
【答案】B
【解析】事实细节题。

根据文章第三段第二句中的"my biggest regrets"可知，Sue在讲述她的第一次工作经历时表现出一种后悔的感觉。

故选B。

三、概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共10分）
The Woman behind the Brooklyn Bridge
①John Roebling planned to build the Brooklyn Bridge before 1867. But he ne ver really got started. In 1869, he died of an accident. The job fell to his so n Washington, a master of construction. In 1872, Washington was injured in buil ding the bridge. He could not walk any longer. He could only see the building o f the bridge from his window. But his mind was still fresh. How could he get hi s ideas down to the workers?
②That's where Emily came in. Emily and Washington married in 1865. At that time John was planning the bridge. He sent his son around the world to study b ridges. Emily went along with her husband and learnt much about bridge building. When John died and Washington became the boss, she taught herself more about b ridge building. She wanted to help her husband with his new job.
③Emily regularly came to the building site. She gave Washington's instruct ions to the workers. And then she took questions back to him. However, as time
went on, her role started to change. Soon, workers saw her as the new boss. As she had more and more knowledge, she became the chief engineer. She met with of ficials, discussed with other engineers, and instructed the workers.
④Emily also helped to solve problems outside the building site. Some peopl
e once questioned her husband, s ability to head the bridge building. And the A merican Society o
f Civil Engineers would think about replacin
g him. Emily went to meet the group. She gave a speec
h in defense of her husband. The group final ly decided to keep him on the job.
⑤It took up 14 years to build the bridge. For 11 of those years, Emily was the one in charge. The bridge finally opened on May 24, 1883. She was one of t he first people to cross the bridge. Emily never planned on becoming an enginee r, but she turned out to be a great one. Task 1
A．How did Emily pick up bridge building?
B．What happened to John and Washington?
C．How did Emily feel about her work?
D．What role did Emily play in building the bridge?
E．How long did it take to build the bridge?
F．Why did Emily give a speech?
16.Paragraph①_____.
【答案】B
【解析】首先可排除选项A、C、D、F，因为第一段并没有提到Emily这个人。

第一段主要讲述的是John去世以及他的儿子Washington在建设大桥时受伤的经历，选项B讲的是John和Washington发生了什么事，选项B与本段对应。

17.Paragraph②_____.
【答案】A
【解析】本段主要讲述的是Emily跟随着她的丈夫，并且学习了很多有关桥梁建设的知识，在丈夫成为老板后,她又自学了更多的知识。

选项A讲的是Emily是如何学会桥梁建设的，选项A与本段对应。

18.Paragraph③_____.
【答案】D
【解析】本段主要讲述的是Emily经常去建筑工地，对工人们进行指导，然后把问題反馈给她的丈夫，最后她成为了总工程师。

选项D讲的是Emily在建设大桥中所起的作用是什么，选项D与本段对应。

19.Paragraph④_____.
【答案】F
【解析】本段主要讲述的是Emily做演讲的原因，因为一些人怀疑她丈夫的能力，并且美国土木工程师协会考虑替换她的丈夫，Emily为了给她的丈夫辩护，就做了一次演讲。

选项F讲的是Emily为什么要演讲，选项F与本段对应。

20.Paragraph⑤_____.
【答案】E
【解析】本段第一句是中心句，主要讲述的是建设大桥花了14年时间。

选项E讲的是建设大桥花了多长时间，选项E与本段对应。

Task 2
A．Washington went to study bridges
B．to express her thanks
C．Washington took over the job
D．to build the bridge
E．Emily began to play a bigger role
F．to defend her husband
21.After his father died,_____.
【答案】C
【解析】题干的中心词是"died"。

第一段第三、四句讲述的是Washington的父亲John 于1869年死于一场事故，建设大桥的工作就落到了Washington的身上。

本题是说“他的父亲死后，Washington就接管了工作”。

选项C符合题意。

22.Accompanied by Emily,_____.
【答案】A
【解析】题干的中心词是"accompanied"。

第二段第四、五句讲的是John把儿子Washi ngton送到世界各地去学习桥梁知识，Emily陪着她丈夫也一起学习桥梁建设。

本题是说“在Emily的陪伴下，Washington去学习了桥梁知识”。

选项A符合题意。

23.As time went on, _____.
【答案】E
【解析】题干的中心词是"time went on"。

由题干中的"As time went on"可直接定位到原文第三段第四句。

第三段第四句讲述的是随着时间推移，她的作用开始改变。

本题是说“随着时间推移，Emily开始发挥更大的作用”。

选项E符合题意。

24.Emily gave a speech,_____.
【答案】F
【解析】题干的中心词是"speech"。

第四段倒数第二句讲述的是她为了给丈夫辩护而做了一次演讲。

"defend"和"in defense of"是对应的。

选项F符合题意。

25.It took fourteen years,_____.
【答案】D
【解析】题干的中心词是"fourteen years"。

第五段的中心句是第一句话，意思是“建设大桥花费了14年时间”。

本题与原文表述一致，选项D符合题意。

四、填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共10分）
Playing Games—Not Only Fun
For many people, playing games is a way to have some fun.___26__ It is a gr eat way to keep your mental health in check. Actually, anything that requires y ou to do some thinking will help you keep your brain healthy.
You may say that this sounds great but you just don, t have the time to do it. If you want to improve your mental health, you will make time for it.___ 27 __ You can exercise your brain before work and while the rest of your family is still in bed. This can greatly change your attitude for the rest of the day.
Turn the TV off in the evening and spend some time playing games alone or w ith a family member.__ 28___Try a variety of new games, too. This way, you don' t get bored playing the same one all the time.
Most games offer several different levels. To get the most exercise for you r brain, start out with the easy stuff.__ 29___As your level of skill improves, go on to challenge your brain by moving into more advanced levels of the game.
Find the games that you really enjoy playing. Keeping your brain sharp with such games is really going to pay off for you in many ways.___30__You will fin d that you have less stress and that it is easier to make decisions. You will a lso find that your memory is improving.
26._____.
【答案】E
【解析】空格前一句话的意思为“对于许多人来说，玩游戏是获得快乐的一种方式”，空格后一句话的意思为“它是一种控制心理健康的好方式”。

选项E与前后文衔接最紧密，意思为“然而，它也能帮助锻炼你的大脑”，正好与第一段最后一句中的"keep your brai n healthy"和文章标题中的"Not Only Fun"照应。

故选E。

27._____.
【答案】A
【解析】空格前一句话的意思为“在如果你想改善心理健康,你需要挤出时间来”，下文应紧接着讲如何挤出时间，选项A的意思为“当你玩游戏的时候，一天留出大约30分钟
时间”，与上文衔接最紧密，故选A。

28._____.
【答案】F
【解析】空格前一句话的意思为“在晚上关掉电视，自己一个人或者与家人一起花些时间玩游戏”，选项F的意思为“你也可以邀请朋友过来和你一起玩游戏”，与上文衔接最紧密，故选F。

29._____.
【答案】B
【解析】空格前一句话的意思为“为了让你的大脑得到更多的锻炼，先从简单的开始”，空格后一句话的意思为“当你的技术水平提高了，接着进入游戏的更高级别去挑战你的大脑”，选项B的意思为“如果你对游戏不了解，这种情况下就更是如此”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选B。

30._____.
【答案】D
【解析】空格前一句话的意思为“玩这样的游戏能保持头脑灵敏，它真的会以很多方式回报你”，空格后一句话的意思为“你将会发现你有较少的压力，并且也较容易做出决定”，选项D的意思为“你将会吃惊地发现游戏给你的生活改善了很多”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选D。

五、填词补文（第31～40题，每题1.5分，共15分）
Learn from Your Failures
Have you ever failed? If not, it is_____（31）that you have never taken a__ ___（32）on trying anything new, or else you are lying.
There is nothing_____（33）with failing, as long as you learn from your mis takes, modify your approach and try again. In fact, the more often you fail, th e sooner it will be that you_____（34）succeed, provided that you do learn and keep trying.
You can_____（35）only from experience and you get experience only from hav ing a go at something. It may be more_____（36）to succeed, but you can______（37）learn more from failing. This is only if you are observant and take_____（38）of what you are doing and which things have worked and which haven’t. You then need to_____（39）what has happened, alter your______（40）and move on.
So go for it! You will eventually get there—unless you stop trying.
A．probable
B．actually
C．direction
D．finally
E．start
F．chance
G．special
H．grow
I．wrong
J．note
K．analyze
L．pleasant
31.______.
【答案】A
【解析】由空格前的动词is和空格后的that从句可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。

根据句意可知，这里表示如果你曾经没有失败过，很可能是你从来不敢冒险尝试新的东西，否则你就在说谎。

It is probable that...为固定句型，意为“很可能……”。

故选A。

32.______.
【答案】F
【解析】由空格前的冠词a可知，空格处需要填一个名词。

take a chance意为“冒险”。

故选F。

33.______.
【答案】I
【解析】由空格前的nothing可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。

根据句意可知，此处表示失败没有什么错，只要你能从错误中吸取教训，改变你的方法，然后再试一次。

故选I。

34.______.
【答案】D
【解析】由空格后的动词succeed可知，该句结构完整，空格处需要填一个副词。

根据句意可知，此处表示你失败的次数越多，你最后成功得就越快，只要你肯学习和一直尝试。

finally意为“最终”。

B项也是副词，但不符合句意，故选D。

35.______.
【答案】H
【解析】由空格前的情态动词can和空格后的副词only可知，空格处需要填一个动词。

根据句意可知，这里表示你可以从经历中成长，并且从尝试中得到经验。

故选H。

36.______.
【答案】L
【解析】由空格前的be动词和比较级more可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。

根据句意可知，这里表示虽然成功也许更令人高兴，但实际上你能从失败中学习更多。

pleasant 意为“高兴的，令人愉快的”，故选L。

37.______.
【答案】B
【解析】由空格前的情态动词can和空格后的动词learn可知，空格处需要填一个副词。

根据句意可知，这里表示实际上你能从失败中学习更多。

actually意为“实际上”，故选B。

38.______.
【答案】J
【解析】由空前的动词take可知，空格处需要填一个名词。

take note of为固定搭配，意为“留意，注意”，这里表示注意你正在做的事。

故选J。

39.______.
【答案】K
【解析】由空格前的不定式to可知，空格处需要填一个动词。

根据句意可知，这里表示你需要分析发生了什么。

analyze意为“分析”，故选K。

40.______.
【答案】C
【解析】由空格前的your可知，空格处应填一个名词。

alter your direction意为“改变方向”，故选C。

六、完形补文（第41～50题，每题1.5分，共15分）
Voice and Text Chatting
Voice chat and text chat are quickly (quick) becoming preferred ways of com municating with others online. For language __41___ (learner), these forms of c ommunication___42__ (able) them to share ideas about themselves and the world i n almost real time. They can establish friendships with people from around the globe. Thus, it can be an easy way to learn languages and world ___43__ (cultur e).
However, care and consideration should be___44__ (give)when you are looking for friends on the Internet because you ___45__ (real) don't know who the pers on is at the other end. Thus, never give out personal information __46___ (incl ude) your name, age, where you live, and the name of the school you attend. Als o, be __47___ (care) about meeting online acquaintances in person, and if you d o so, make sure it is in a public place and go with a friend or a family member.
__ 48___(final), contact local authorities if you feel you are in danger. Again, chatting with others can be an enjoyable and __49___ (education)activity if yo u use care when __50___ (do) so.
41._____.
【答案】learners
【解析】由空格前的介词for和名词language可知，空格处需要填一个名词。

下文中的them提示这里应为名词复数，language learners意为“语言学习者”。

故答案为lear ners。

42._____.
【答案】enable
【解析】由空格前的名词短语可知，空格处需要填一个动词。

形容词able的动词形式为enable，又因为主语为复数，故答案为enable。

43._____.
【答案】cultures
【解析】由空格前的动词learn可知，空格处需要填一个名词。

该空格与前面的langu ages是并列结构，故答案为cultures。

44._____.
【答案】given
【解析】由空格前的情态动词结构should be可知，空格处需要填一个过去分词。

动词give的过去分词形式为given。

故答案为given。

45._____.
【答案】really
【解析】由空格后的动词know可知，空格处需要填一个副词。

形容词real的副词形式为really。

故答案为really。

46._____.
【答案】including
【解析】由空格后的your name，age等词可知，空格处需要填一个现在分词。

动词in clude的现在分词形式为including。

故答案为including。

47._____.
【答案】careful
【解析】由空格前的be动词可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。

动词care的形容词形式为careful。

故答案为careful。

48._____.
【答案】Finally
【解析】由空格后的句子可知，空格处需要填一个副词。

形容词final的副词形式为f inally，又因该词位于句首，故首字母要大写，答案为Finally。

49._____.
【答案】educational
【解析】由空格后的名词activity可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。

名词education 的形容词形式为educational，与空格前的形容词enjoyable构成并列结构，修饰后面的名词。

educational activity意为“教育活动”。

故答案为educational。

50._____.
【答案】doing
【解析】由空格所在的句子可知，空格处需要填一个动名词。

这里是一个时间状语，该空的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致，故用主动语态，答案为doing。

七、短文写作（第51题，30分）
51.某英文报社正在举办“I Like Playing Sports”的征文活动。

写一篇英文短文应征。

内容包括以下两个方面：
（1）你经常做什么体育运动？（2）体育运动对你有哪些好处？
【答案】略。