我国防治海岸工程污染海洋环境法律制度研究

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pollution
of
are
the
still
marine
environment
has
made
great
achievements.However,t deficiencies,such as projects
of the
environmental impact
construction,”as
making
separate chapter.In practice,China has achieved certain results,
contributions
to
significant
combat
marine
pollution
of
the
marine
environment.However,there
The SO—called Coastal Construction,al e the construction facilities for protection
coastal
and coastal
zone
resources
development and
utilization of space,which
form of law responsibility also is limited by responsibility
responsibility of the pertaining to crime law
much.The
and
administration law
case
law,There
is
no
and
theory.
are still many
problems
of the
and
obstacles both in practice
For example,the
construction
marine
environment
impact
assessment system,spot inspection needs
coastal
disorders,
happen frequently.
carried
out a series of
legislative
work for
preventing
on
pollution
as
early as 1 990,China has
published‘'Administrative and
规模日益复杂和庞大。
所谓海岸工程,是指进行海岸防护、海岸带资源开发和空间利用而采取的各 种工程设施,主要包括海岸防护工程、海港工程、海洋能利用工程、渔业工程、 环境工程等。不合理的海岸工程会对近岸的海洋环境造成海岸非正常侵蚀,海岸 向后退,水土流失,破坏鱼虾等栖息繁殖场所,使海涂湿地、红树林、珊瑚礁、
ocean has becoming
for
one
of the last resorts of sustainable development.Our
demand
ocean is increasing,SO
there is more and more coastal construction nowadays.
na
Abstract
Ocean is
an important
to drastic
area
for living and developing,also for international
resources,
competing.Due
increase of earth population,decreasing land
mainly include coastal protection
construction,fishing
construction,harbor
construction,marine
use
construction,environmental construction.Unreasonable
inshore
wetlands,mangroves and coral reefs Yangtze River delta,such as various types of
ecological systems dramatically natural disaster China has
reduced,and
thus the balance of
关键词:海岸工程:海洋环境;海洋环境保护法
Study
on
the Lega I
on
System of Prevent i
Re
on
and Treatment
of the Pc I I ut i
to the Mar i
Env i ronment by Coasta I

Construct i
on

Oh i
to be
system,Public
participation system.all of which
strengthened
the
and improved. of
Since
implementation
China's‘'Administrative
regulation
on
the
prevention and treatment
式,管理体制存在一定的缺陷;公众参与机制不健全,参与意识不强,参与范围 不全面等。 由于海洋环境具有独特的自然与法律特性,因此,在工程建设的同时,只有 对这些特性加以认真的思考,才能更好的制定海洋环境保护的具体法律制度。面 对我国海洋事业的飞速发展,如何在法律制度和实践方面有效完善海岸工程污染 海洋环境的状况,有效地运用法律手段保护海洋环境,是我国海洋环境保护法律 制度研究的一个重要的内容。 本文是针对海岸工程污染防治海洋环境中的具体法律问题展开分析和研究 的。论文从对海岸工程概念的介绍入手,具体分析海岸工程污染海洋环境的类型 及危害,对我国现有的防治海岸工程污染海洋环境的立法和法律制度状况进行分 析,并借鉴国外相关立法,在分析我国立法缺陷的基础之上,提出完善的措施和 建议,以期对我国的法律制度设计和防治海岸工程污染海洋环境的实践提供有益 的借鉴和参考。
中国海洋大学 硕士学位论文 我国防治海岸工程污染海洋环境法律制度研究 姓名:韩洪蕾 申请学位级别:硕士 专业:环境与资源保护法学 指导教师:徐祥民 20080605
我国防治海岸工程污染海洋环境法律制度研究 摘要
海洋是人类生存与发展的重要领域,同时也是国际竞争的重要空间。随着陆 地资源的衰竭,世界经济的发展和沿海地区人口的急剧增长,人类对海洋资源的 需求日益增加,海洋开发力度日渐加强,沿海地区的海岸工程建设数量越来越多,
我国自实施中华人民共和国防治海岸工程建设项目污染损害海洋环境管理条例以来在减缓海岸工程建设项目污染海洋环境方面取得了很大成绩但也存在明显的不足例如工程需要进行环境影响评价的情况下中华人民共和国环境影响评价法中关于环境影响评价法律责任的规定不多且仅限于各种禁止限制性规定法律责任的形式也仅限于刑事法律责任和行政法律责任没有任何民事法律责任的规定法律责任比较抽象简单缺乏可操作性从而造成法律责任的缺失
damage to Republic
regulation
the prevention
and
treatment
of the pollution
the
of
marine
environment
the
by coastal
construction
projects
of
People’S
China”.In
2000,‘‘Marine
the rapid development of China’S ocean
legal system of our
ocean
cause,one
of the
important contents
in the
environmental protection is
how to effectively
how to effectively improve the
are
management system deficiencies;The
not
enough.
Participating of public consciousness not strong,participation is not
comprehensive,
As
the
marine
environment
mechanism
still exist respectively

ocean environment and
movement
for the certain
government,The
traditional mode
enforced the
public
law asunder,there is participates
marine works would abnormal erosion of the coastal marine environment,coastal
retreat to
soil
erosion,destroy fish habitat and other breeding grounds,tideland
of China
on
assessment
circumstances.“Law
of the People’S
Republic
Environmental Impact Assessment'’medium concerning the
not
environment influence evaluation the provision of law responsibility is
河口三角洲等多种类型的生态系统急剧减少,使滨海地区的生态平衡失调,自然 灾害加剧。
针对海岸工程污染,我国进行了一系列的立法工作,最早于1990年,专门 颁布了《中华人民共和国防治海岸工程建设项目污染损害海洋环境管理条例》, 在2000年修订的《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》中也涉及到防治海岸工程 污染的问题,并将“防治海岸工程对海洋环境的污染损害”作为单独一章。我国 关于防治海岸工程污染的立法在实践上也取得了一定的成效,为防治海岸工程污 染海洋环境做出了相当大的贡献。但是,由于任何事务都是随着发展而变化,我 国关于防治海岸工程污染也不可避免的在立法和实践上存在某些障碍和问题。如 海岸工程建设中的环境影响评价制度、三同时制度、现场检查制度都有待完善, 公众参与有待加强等等。 我国自实施《中华人民共和国防治海岸工程建设项目污染损害海洋环境管理 条例》以来,在减缓海岸工程建设项目污染海洋环境方面取得了很大成绩,但也 存在明显的不足,例如工程需要进行环境影响评价的情况下,《中华人民共和国 环境影响评价法》中关于环境影响评价法律责任的规定不多,且仅限于各种禁止、 限制性规定,法律责任的形式也仅限于刑事法律责任和行政法律责任,没有任何 民事法律责任的规定,法律责任比较抽象、简单,缺乏可操作性,从而造成法律 责任的缺失;海洋环境管理体制和运行机制仍存在各自为政、分散执法的传统模
has
unique
on
natural
and
legal
characteristics,
Therefore,the project construction,Only
these properties to be seriously thinking,
Can better develop marine environmental protection the specific legal system.Facing
the provision of civil
responsibility,The
law responsibility is too abstract,Lack of
maneuverability,
of the
Resulting in the imperfection of law
responsibility,The management system
of the pollution
and damage
to
the marine environment by
coastal construction projects of People's Republic of China'’,In the slow coastal
construction
project
Environment
prevention
Protection Law of the People’S Republic of China’’also involves the pollution
of marine

project,and put‘'preventing
pollution of marine
states of coastal construction polluting ocean
environments
use
in the respect of the legal
system
and the
practice,and
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