园林术语中英文对照

园林术语中英文对照
园林设计术语
1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人
行>
MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDES TRIAN > b5E2RGbCAP
2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行 >
2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD H OUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDEST RIAN > p1EanqFDPw
3.商业中心入口
ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.
4.水景
WATER FEATURE
5.小型露天剧场
MINI AMPHI-THEATRE
6.迎宾景观-1
WELCOMING FEATURE-1
7.观景木台
TIMBER DECK (VIEWING> 8.竹园
BAMBOO GARDEN
9.漫步广场
WALKWAY PLAZA
10.露天咖啡廊
OUT DOOR CAFE
11.巨大迎宾水景-2
GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2
12.木桥
TIMBER BRIDGE
13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台
ROCK'SCAPE / WATERFALL'S
/ GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE
DXDiTa9E3d
14.吊桥
HANGING BRIDGE
15.休憩台地(低处>
LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER >
16.休憩台地(高处>
LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER >
17.特色踏步
FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪
RIVER WILD
19.儿童乐园
CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道
SLIDE
21.羽毛球场
BADMINTON COURT
22.旱景
DRY LANDSCAPE 23.日艺园
JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱喷泉
DRY FOUNTAIN 25.观景台
VIEWING DECK 26.游泳池
SWIMMING POOL 27.极可意
JACUZZI
28.嬉水池
WADING POOL 29.儿童泳池
CHILDREN'S POOL 30.蜿蜒水墙
WINDING WALL 31.石景雕塑
ROCK SCULPTURE
32.中心广场
CENTRAL PLAZA
33.健身广场
EXERCISE PLAZA
34.桥
BRIDGE
35.交流广场
MEDITATING PLAZA
36.趣味树阵
TREE BATTLE FORMATION 37.停车场
PARING AREA
38.特色花架
TRELLIS
39.雕塑小道
SCULPTURE TRAIL
40.(高尔夫>轻击区
PUTTING GREEN 41.高尔夫球会所
GOLF CLUBHOUSE
42.每栋建筑入口
ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 43.篮球场
BASKETBALL COURT
44.网球场
TENNIS COURT
45.阶梯坐台/种植槽
TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTE
R
46.广场
MAIN PLAZA
47.森林、瀑布
FOREST GARDEN / WATERFALL
48.石景园
ROCKERY GARDEN
49.旱溪
DRY STREAM
50.凉亭
PAVILION
51.户外淋浴
OUTDOOR SHOWER
52.拉膜结构
TENSILE STRUCTURE 53.台阶
STAIR
54.高尔夫球车停车场
PARKING ( GOLF CAR > 55.健身站
EXERCISE STATION 56.晨跑小路
JOGGING FOOTPATH 57.车道/人行道
DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK 58.人行漫步道
PROMENADE
59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场>
WATERFALL AND DANCING FOU
NTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA > RTC
rpUDGiT
60.特色入口
ENTRY FEATURE
61.石景广场
ROCKERY PLAZA
园林建筑术语
中国古典园林-------------------- classical Chinese garde n
中国传统园林-------------------- traditional Chinese gar den
中国古代园林-------------------- ancient Chinese garden 中国山水园------------------
---- Chinese mountain and wa ter garden
帝王宫苑------------------------ imperial palace garden 皇家园林------------------------ royal garden
私家园林------------------------ private garden
江南园林------------------------ garden on the Yangtze D elta
西方古典园林-------------------- western classical garde n
英国式园林---------------------- English style garden
中英混合式园林------------------ Anglo-Chinese style gar den
意大利式园林-------------------- Italian style garden
西班牙式园林-------------------- Spainish style garden 法兰西式园林-------------------- French style garden
勒诺特尔式园林------------------ Le Notre's style garden 文艺复兴庄园--------------------Renaissance style garden 洛可可式园林--------------------Rococo style garden
巴洛克式园林--------------------Baroque style garden
庄园---------------------------- manor,villa garden
廊柱园-------------------------- peristyle garden,patio 绿廊----------------------------xystus
迷阵----------------------------maze,labyrinth
灵囿---------------------------- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语
灵沼---------------------------- Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语
灵台---------------------------- Ling Tai Platform Garde n 周代术语
阿房宫--------------------------E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑-------------------------- Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫-------------------------- Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语
洛阳宫--------------------------Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫--------------------------Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳----------------------------Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语
圆明园-------------------------- Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden
颐和园-------------------------- Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Gar den
承德避暑山庄-------------------- Chengde Imperial Summer Resort
苏州园林------------------------Suzhou traditional garde n
悬园---------------------------- Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”，“架高园”。

英国皇家植物园------------------ Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 又称“邱园”。

凡尔赛宫苑---------------------- Versailles Palace Park 枫丹白露宫园--------------------Fontainebleau Palace Gar den
景--------------------------
----view,scenery,feature
远景----------------------------distant view
近景----------------------------nearby view
障景---------------------------- obstructive scenery, bl ocking view 又称“抑景”。

借景----------------------------borrowed scenery,view bo rrowing
对景----------------------------oppositive scenery,view in opposite place
缩景----------------------------miniature scenery, abbre viated scenery
漏景---------------------------- leaking through scenery 框景----------------------------enframed scenery
尾景----------------------------terminal feature
主景----------------------------main feature
副景----------------------------secondary feature
配景---------------------------- objective view
夹景----------------------------vista line,vista 又称“风景线”
前景----------------------------front view
背景----------------------------background
景序----------------------------order of sceneries
景点----------------------------feature spot,view spot 园林空间------------------------garden space
开敞空间------------------------wide open space,wide spa
ce
封闭空间------------------------encloseure space
意境----------------------------artistic conception,poet ic imagery
苍古----------------------------antiquity
空灵----------------------------spaciousness,airiness
动观---------------------------- in-motion viewing
静观----------------------------in-position viewing
轴线----------------------------axis,axial line
主轴----------------------------main axis
副轴----------------------------auxiliary axis
暗轴---------------------------- hidden axis,invisible a xis 又称“隐轴5PCzVD7HxA
首字母索引ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
A
Accessibility ------------------------------------------- 可达性Accessible route ---------------------------------------- 易达的路线advance notice ------------------------------------------ 事先通知aerial photogrammetry ----------------------------------- 航空摄影测量aerobic digesters --------------------------------------- 需氧消化池aesthetic / structural
considerations ------------------- 审美方面的考虑aesthetic controls -------------------------------------- 审美控制aggregate base ------------------------------------------ 混合基础AIA ----------------------------------------------------- 美国建筑师协会Anaerobic digesters ------------------------------------- 厌氧分解池annual rate --------------------------------------------- 年度比率APA ----------------------------------------------------- 美国规划师协会appropriateness of a given site for --------------------- 某个特定场地的适宜性arterial streets ---------------------------------------- 主干道as-built records ----------------------------------------施工记录ASLA ---------------------------------------------------- 美国景观设计师协会athletic facility --------------------------------------- 运动设施atmosphere and character -------------------------------- 气氛和特征average walking distance -------------------------------- 平均步行距离axioms -------------------------------------------------- 原理jLBHrnAILg
B
Backfill ------------------------------------------------ 回填
backhoe ------------------------------------------------- 挖沟机
bar charts ---------------------------------------------- 横道图
barrier design ------------------------------------------ 障碍设计basic components ---------------------------------------- 基本内容
beams --------------------------------------------------- 大梁
bearing capacity ---------------------------------------- 承载力
benchmarks ---------------------------------------------- 水准点
billing ------------------------------------------------- 帐簿
biodiversity -------------------------------------------- 生物多样性
bioengineering ------------------------------------------ 生物工程
biomass ------------------------------------------------- 生物量
bioretention ponds -------------------------------------- 生物滞留池
boardwalks ---------------------------------------------- 栈桥
bonding company ----------------------------------------- 担保公司
bonuses ------------------------------------------------- 奖金
boundary definition ------------------------------------- 边界确定
boundary survey ----------------------------------------- 边界测量brick and concret e block walls -------------------------- 砖和混凝土砌块墙
brownfields --------------------------------------------- 褐色土地
bulldozers ---------------------------------------------- 推土机
business development ------------------------------------ 商业开发
business parks ------------------------------------------ 商业园区xHAQX74J0X
C
cadastral survey ---------------------------------------- 地籍测量
camping ------------------------------------------------- 野营
candlepower --------------------------------------------- 烛光度
cantilevered wall --------------------------------------- 悬臂墙
cascading waterfalls ------------------------------------ 瀑布叠水
certificates of payment --------------------------------- 付款证明书
certifications of compliance ---------------------------- 应允证明书
cesspools ----------------------------------------------- 化粪池，污水坑，污水渗井，粪坑
change orders ------------------------------------------- 变更单
changes, unauthorized ----------------------------------- 未经同意的变更
channels, stormwater ------------------------------------ 雨水沟渠，槽，渠道circulation control ------------------------------------- 循环控制
circulation patterns ------------------------------------ 环流模式clay lenses --------------------------------------------- 粘土防渗层
clay soil ----------------------------------------------- 粘土
clean-up ------------------------------------------------ 清扫，清理，清除，提纯，净化
clean-up and final inspectio n ----------------------------清理和检查
clearing and grubbing ----------------------------------- 清理和除根
client -------------------------------------------------- 业主
climate zones ------------------------------------------- 气候带
closeout ------------------------------------------------ 竣工
cluster treatment systems ------------------------------- 集中式污水处理系统
co-ordinates -------------------------------------------- 坐标
cold ---------------------------------------------------- 寒带
collected rainwater ------------------------------------- 收集起来的雨水
collector streets --------------------------------------- 次干道
colloidal soil ------------------------------------------ 胶质土壤
commercial center design -------------------------------- 商业中心设计communication ------------------------------------------- 电信
community commercial ------------------------------------ 社区商业
community facility standards ---------------------------- 社区设施标准
community parks and recreati on planning data ------------ 社区公园和文娱体育规划资料community scale ----------------------------------------- 社区尺度
community standards ------------------------------------- 社区标准
compaction ---------------------------------------------
- 压实
competition pools --------------------------------------- 竞赛用游泳池
components ---------------------------------------------- 组分，内容
composting toilets -------------------------------------- 堆肥厕所
conceptualization --------------------------------------- 概念化
concrete crib wall -------------------------------------- 混凝土格笼墙
cones of vision ----------------------------------------- 视锥
connected imperviousness -------------------------------- 连续的非渗透地面conservation standards ---------------------------------- 保护标准
considerations in use of -------------------------------- 用途方面的考虑constructed wetlands ------------------------------------ 人工湿地construction -------------------------------------------- 施工
construction document ----------------------------------- 施工文件
construction layout ------------------------------------- 施工布局
construction observation -------------------------------- 施工监理
construction permits -----------------------------------
- 施工许可
construction sequence ----------------------------------- 施工顺序
construction survey ------------------------------------- 施工测量
container plants ---------------------------------------- 盆栽植物contingencies ------------------------------------------- 临时费contingency allowance ----------------------------------- 临时津贴
contract ------------------------------------------------ 合同
unauthorized changes ------------------------------------ 未经同意的变更
contract documents -------------------------------------- 合同文件
control points ------------------------------------------ 控制点
conveyance techniques, storm water ----------------------- 雨水的输送技术
corrective observation ---------------------------------- 校正性<补救性，修正性）检查<监理）
corridors ----------------------------------------------廊道
cost data -----------------------------------------------造价数据
cost estimate components -------------------------------- 造价估算内容
cost estimating ------------
----------------------------- 造价估算
cost plus ----------------------------------------------- 造价累计
cost plus fixed ----------------------------------------- 固定费用之和
court --------------------------------------------------- 运动场地court games --------------------------------------------- 场地运动
court surface ------------------------------------------- 运动场地地面CPM ----------------------------------------------------- 关键路径法Critical Path Method. See CP M --------------------------- 关键路径法，见CPM
CSI ----------------------------------------------------- 施工规范原理
culverts ------------------------------------------------ 涵洞，暗沟，管道
cut operations ------------------------------------------ 挖方工程LDAYtRyKfE
D
Datum --------------------------------------------------- 数据
decking ------------------------------------------------- 平台面，铺板
decks --------------------------------------------------- 平台，甲板
decks, function of -------------------------------------- 平台的功能
deferred maintenance ------------------------------------ 延期维修<维护）demolition, general ------------------------------------- 整体破坏
demolition ,selective ----------------------------------- 选择性破坏
density ------------------------------------------------- 密度
depth --------------------------------------------------- 深度
design development -------------------------------------- 设计扩初，设计深化
design framework ---------------------------------------- 设计框架
design impacts ------------------------------------------ 设计影响
design quality ------------------------------------------ 设计质量
design requirements -------------------------------------设计要求
design speed -------------------------------------------- 设计速度
detail scale -------------------------------------------- 细部尺度
detention ponds ----------------------------------------- 滞留池
development --------------------------------------------- 开发
development feasibility plan ning -----------------------
- 开发的可行性规划development programming --------------------------------- 开发计划
development types, industria l and business -------------- 开发类型，工业和商业dimensional Criteria ------------------------------------ 标注标准
dimensions ---------------------------------------------- 标注
dimension of human figures ------------------------------ 人体尺度
direct labor -------------------------------------------- 直接人工费
disconnected imperviousness ----------------------------- 不连续的非渗透地面display pumps ------------------------------------------- 喷灌泵disposal ------------------------------------------------ 处理，处置，排除，清除
drip system, low-volume --------------------------------- 耗水量低的滴灌系统
DL. See direct labor DL. -------------------------------- 见直接人工费
drainage ------------------------------------------------ 排水，流域面积，排洪，排水系统
drinking water ------------------------------------------ 饮用水
dry detention ponds ------------------------------------- 干滞池
durability ---------------------------------------------- 耐久性Zzz6ZB2Ltk
E
Eames, Charles and Ray ---------------------------------- 查理•埃姆斯和雷
earthwork ----------------------------------------------- 土方
ecological impact --------------------------------------- 生态影响
economic impact ----------------------------------------- 经济影响
edge habitat -------------------------------------------- 边缘栖息地
edge restraint ------------------------------------------ 边缘限制
electrical lines ---------------------------------------- 电力线
embodied energy ----------------------------------------- 蕴藏能量
endwalls ------------------------------------------------ 尾墙
energy -------------------------------------------------- 能量
embodied. See embodied energ y --------------------------- 具体化的，见蕴藏能量，具体能量
energy costs -------------------------------------------- 能量造价
environmental impact analysi s --------------------------
- 环境影响分析environmental impact stateme nt (EIS> -------------------- 环境影响报告书<EIS）environmental modification ------------------------------ 环境修复
equipment costs -----------------------------------------设备费
equipment crew costs ------------------------------------ 设备人工费
equivalents --------------------------------------------- 相等物，等同物
estimating ---------------------------------------------- 估算
estimating water flows ---------------------------------- 估算水流量estimating desi gn load ---------------------------------- 估算设计荷载evaluation ---------------------------------------------- 评价
evaporation --------------------------------------------- 蒸发evapotranspiration ra te --------------------------------- 土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量速率
exotic plant species ------------------------------------ 外来植物物种
eye levels ---------------------------------------------- 视平线dvzfvkwMI1
F
fabric reinforcement ------------------------------------ 纤维加固，织物加强件
facilities planning data -------------------------------- 设施规划数据
feasibility planning ------------------------------------ 可行性规划
federal regulations ------------------------------------- 联邦规范
flood protection ---------------------------------------- 防洪
fee ----------------------------------------------------- 费用
fences and walls ---------------------------------------- 栅栏和围墙
fences, wood and metal ---------------------------------- 栅栏，木栅栏和金属栅栏field --------------------------------------------------- 运动场
field orders -------------------------------------------- 现场通知单
field sports -------------------------------------------- 田径运动
field surfaces ------------------------------------------ 田径运动场地面
field surveys ------------------------------------------- 现场测量
fill operations ------------------------------------------填方工程
fill, general ------------------------------------------- 一般性填方
filter strips ------------------------------------------
- 滤器，滤池，过滤，滤水filtration ---------------------------------------------- 过滤
filtration systems -------------------------------------- 过滤系统
finish grading ------------------------------------------设计标高
flexible pavement --------------------------------------- 柔性地面铺装
follow ups ---------------------------------------------- 连续
footage ------------------------------------------------- 尺长
footcandle ---------------------------------------------- 英尺烛光footing drains ------------------------------------------ 基座处排水，立足点排水footings ------------------------------------------------ 立足点
forward spatial bubbles foundations --------------------------------------------- 基础
fragmentation ------------------------------------------- 破碎framing method ------------------------------------------结构方法
freeboard------------------------------------------------ 干舷Freeway or Distributo r Systems -------------------------- 高速路或分配者系统French drains ------------------------------------------
- 法式排水
friction coefficient ------------------------------------ 摩擦系数
frost depth --------------------------------------------- 结冻深度，冰冻深度
frost-thaw cycle ---------------------------------------- 结冻-融化周期
functional requirement ---------------------------------- 功能要求rqyn14ZNXI
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garden pool --------------------------------------------- 花园游泳池
general conditions -------------------------------------- 一般情况
general contractor -------------------------------------- 总承包商
general demolition -------------------------------------- 整体破坏
general fill -------------------------------------------- 总填方
general requirements ------------------------------------ 一般要求
general requirements costs ------------------------------ 一般要求的费用
general roadway standards ------------------------------- 一般道路标准
geodetic survey ----------------------------------------- 测地学测量
GIS ----------------------------------------------------
- 地理信息系统
golf and driving ranges --------------------------------- 高尔夫和高尔夫练习场grading ------------------------------------------------- 场地平整
granular soiL ------------------------------------------- 粒状土壤
gravity wall -------------------------------------------- 重力墙
graywater ----------------------------------------------- 灰水
greenfields --------------------------------------------- 绿色用地，绿色土地
ground covers ------------------------------------------- 地被植物groundwater protection ---------------------------------- 地下水保护
groundwater recharge ------------------------------------ 地下水补给
groundwater resources ----------------------------------- 地下水资源，地下水储量growing season------------------------------------------- 生长期
guarantees ---------------------------------------------- 抵押物EmxvxOtOco
H
hand level ---------------------------------------------- 手动水平仪
handrailings -------------------------------------------
- 扶手hardware ------------------------------------------------ 五金件
hazardous plants ---------------------------------------- 有毒植物
headwalls ----------------------------------------------- 头墙
head selection and layout ------------------------------- 喷头选择和布置heavy duty ---------------------------------------------- 重型的，责任重大的
herbaceous plants --------------------------------------- 草本植物
highway ------------------------------------------------- 高速公路
historic preservation ----------------------------------- 历史保留
horizontal alignment ------------------------------------ 平面设计
hot arid ------------------------------------------------ 炎热干燥
hot humid ----------------------------------------------- 炎热潮湿
hydrographic survey ------------------------------------- 水文测量
hydrologic cycle ---------------------------------------- 水文周期SixE2yXPq5
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Illuminance --------------------------------------------- 亮度
impervious surface ratio -------------------------------- 不渗透地面比例
industrial development ---------------------------------- 工业开发
industrial parks ---------------------------------------- 工业园区
infiltration beds --------------------------------------- 渗透床
infiltration ponds -------------------------------------- 渗透池
infiltration wells -------------------------------------- 渗透井
infiltration, stormwater -------------------------------- 雨水渗透
inspection ---------------------------------------------- 检查
installation -------------------------------------------- 安装
Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs> ----------------------------- 保险赔偿比例地图interpretation ------------------------------------------ 注释，解释
invasive species ---------------------------------------- 入侵物种
irrigation ---------------------------------------------- 灌溉
irrigation ponds ---------------------------------------- 灌溉池塘
irrigation systems -------------------------------------
- 灌溉系统
irrigation water, sources of ---------------------------- 灌溉水水源6ewMyirQFL
J
job meetings -------------------------------------------- 工作会议
joists -------------------------------------------------- 托梁kavU42VRUs
L
labor costs --------------------------------------------- 人工费
lagoons ------------------------------------------------- 塘
lamp characteristics ------------------------------------ 灯具的特点
landscape assessment ------------------------------------景观评价
Landscape Coefficient(KL> ------------------------------- 景观系数<KL）
landscape planning -------------------------------------- 景观规划
landscape planning strategie s --------------------------- 景观规划对策
landscape plantings, calcula ting water ------------------ 景观种植用水量的计算
large-scale sites --------------------------------------- 大型场地
layout and surveying ------------------------------------ 布局和测量
layout methods ------------------------------------------ 布局方法
layout plans -------------------------------------------- 平面图，布局平面
layout requirements ------------------------------------- 布局要求
layout survey ------------------------------------------- 布局测量
leaching fields ----------------------------------------- 沥滤场
light depreciation -------------------------------------- 不强烈的抗议
light duty ---------------------------------------------- 轻型的
lighting ------------------------------------------------ 照明
limit-of-work line -------------------------------------- 工作期限
local or minor streets ---------------------------------- 当地的或小街道
local regulations --------------------------------------- 当地规范<规定）
location ------------------------------------------------ 位置，地点
lumen --------------------------------------------------- 流明
luminance ----------------------------------------------- 亮度
lump sum -----------------------------------------------
- 总数，总合
lump sum fee--------------------------------------------- 总费用
lux ----------------------------------------------------- 勒克司<照明国际单位，即M 烛光）
Lyle, John Tillman -------------------------------------- 约翰•蒂尔曼•莱尔y6v3ALoS8 9
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magnetic declination ------------------------------------ 磁力偏差
maintenance and disposal -------------------------------- 维修和处理
maintenance period -------------------------------------- 维修期
maneuvering patterns ------------------------------------ 运行方式
map projections ----------------------------------------- 地图投影
map scale ----------------------------------------------- 制图比例
markup -------------------------------------------------- 涨价
master planning ----------------------------------------- 总体规划MASTERFORMAT -------------------------------------------- 雇主表格material costs ------------------------------------------ 材料费
material lifecycle cost esti
mates ----------------------- 材料生命周期造价估算material samples ---------------------------------------- 材料样品M2ub6vSTnP
N
National Environmental Polic y Act (NEPA> ---------------- 国家环境政策法案，简称(NEP A>
natural drainageways ------------------------------------ 自然排水道
natural resources --------------------------------------- 自然资源
needs assessment ---------------------------------------- 需求评估
negotiation --------------------------------------------- 协议，商议，协商neighborhood commercial --------------------------------- 邻里商业
neighborhood scale -------------------------------------- 邻里尺度
net positive suction head ------------------------------- 净吸真空高度
non-payment --------------------------------------------- 无报酬的noxious plants ------------------------------------------ 有毒植物
NEPA general permits ------------------------------------ 国家环境政策法案的一般许可NPDES general permits NPDES ----------------------------- 一般性许可0YujCfmUCw
O
-----------------------------办公园区
OH. See overhead OH. ------------------------------------ 见经常性开支
on-site treatment systems ------------------------------- 分散式污水处理系统
open space ratio ---------------------------------------- 开敞空间比例
orientation --------------------------------------------- 超向，方位
orientation and identificati on -------------------------- 方位和识别
ornamental ponds ---------------------------------------- 观赏性水池
ornamental pools ------------ 观赏性水池
overhead ------------------------------------------------ 经常性开支
overhead and profit ------------------------------------- 经常性开支和利润overruns, time ------------------------------------------ 时间延误
overtime ------------------------------------------------ 加班费
overturning --------------------------------------------- 翻腾，水的竖直循环现象owner --------------------------------------------------- 所有者eUts8ZQVRd
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