初三科学发展英语阅读理解25题

初三科学发展英语阅读理解25题
1
<背景文章>
In recent years, the field of medicine has witnessed remarkable scientific advancements. These developments have revolutionized the way we approach healthcare, diagnosis, and treatment.
One of the most significant areas of progress is in the realm of new treatment techniques. For example, gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating various genetic disorders. By manipulating the genes within a patient's cells, scientists aim to correct the underlying genetic defects that cause diseases. This innovative therapy holds great potential for diseases that were previously considered incurable, such as certain types of inherited blindness and some forms of muscular dystrophy.
Medical devices have also seen incredible innovation. Take the example of robotic - assisted surgery. With the help of highly precise robotic arms, surgeons can perform complex procedures with greater accuracy and less invasiveness. These robots are equipped with advanced imaging systems that provide surgeons with a detailed view of the surgical area, allowing them to make more informed decisions during the operation. This not only reduces the risk of complications but also shortens the patient's recovery time.
Our understanding of diseases has deepened significantly as well. Thanks to advanced research techniques, we now know more about the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases. For instance, in the study of cancer, scientists have identified numerous genetic mutations and signaling pathways that play a crucial role in the development and progression of the disease. This knowledge has led to the development of targeted therapies that specifically attack cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, resulting in more effective treatment and fewer side effects.
In conclusion, scientific development in the medical field has brought about a new era of healthcare, offering hope and improved quality of life for patients around the world.
1. What is one of the important new treatment techniques mentioned in the article?
A. Herbal medicine
B. Gene therapy
C. Acupuncture
D. Massage therapy
答案：B。

<解析：文章明确提到“One of the most significant areas of progress is in the realm of new treatment techniques. For example, gene therapy...”，所以基因疗法是文中提到的新的治疗技术，而其他选项如草药医学、针灸、按摩疗法均未在文中提及作为新的治疗技术。

>
2. What advantage does robotic - assisted surgery have according to
the passage?
A. It is more expensive.
B. It has a higher risk of complications.
C. It allows surgeons to operate with greater accuracy.
D. It requires more time for the patient to recover.
答案：C。

<解析：文中提到“With the help of highly precise robotic arms, surgeons can perform complex procedures with greater accuracy and less invasiveness.”，说明机器人辅助手术的优势是让外科医生能更精准地操作，而选项A文中未提及费用问题，选项B说它有更高的并发症风险与原文表述相反，选项D说患者需要更多恢复时间也与原文不符。

>
3. How has the understanding of diseases changed?
A. We know less about the molecular mechanisms.
B. We only focus on the symptoms now.
C. We have a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms.
D. We don't care about the causes anymore.
答案：C。

<解析：原文提到“Our understanding of diseases has deepened significantly as well. Thanks to advanced research techniques, we now know more about the molecular mechanisms underlying diseases.”，表明我们对疾病的理解是在分子机制方面有了更深入的认识，选项A 说知道得更少是错误的，选项B说只关注症状与原文不符，选项D 说不再关心病因也是错误的。

>
4. Which of the following diseases might gene therapy be used for?
A. A common cold
B. Inherited blindness
C. A broken bone
D. A headache
答案：B。

<解析：文章指出“gene therapy...This innovative therapy holds great potential for diseases that were previously considered incurable, such as certain types of inherited blindness...”，基因疗法对之前被认为不可治愈的疾病有很大潜力，如遗传性失明，而普通感冒、骨折、头疼都不是基因疗法可能应用的疾病类型。

>
5. What is the overall impact of scientific development in the medical field according to the article?
A. It has made healthcare worse.
B. It has brought a new era of healthcare.
C. It has only benefited a few people.
D. It has no real impact.
答案：B。

<解析：文章最后“In conclusion, scientific development in the medical field has brought about a new era of healthcare...”明确提到科学发展在医疗领域带来了医疗保健的新时代，选项A说使医疗保健更糟是错误的，选项C说只让少数人受益与原文不符，选项D说没有真正影响也是错误的。

>
2
<背景文章>
In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the field of environmental protection within the scope of scientific development. One of the most significant aspects is the development and utilization of new energy sources. With the increasing awareness of the negative impacts of traditional fossil fuels on the environment, scientists have been vigorously exploring alternatives. Solar energy, for example, has become a very popular new energy source. The technology for converting solar energy into electricity has advanced by leaps and bounds. Large - scale solar power plants are being built around the world, which can effectively reduce our dependence on coal - fired power generation.
Another important area is the improvement of pollution treatment technology. In the past, dealing with industrial waste gas, waste water and solid waste was a huge challenge. However, now, new technologies have emerged. For instance, in terms of waste water treatment, advanced membrane separation technology can purify waste water to a very high standard, making it possible to recycle and reuse. In the treatment of air pollution, catalytic converters have been greatly improved, which can more effectively convert harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides into harmless substances.
Moreover, the concept of sustainable development has also promoted
the development of environmental protection science. People are more and more aware of the importance of protecting the ecological balance. In the field of forestry, new tree - planting techniques are being developed to increase the survival rate of trees and accelerate the restoration of forest ecosystems. In addition, in the field of agriculture, more environmentally - friendly farming methods are being promoted to reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, which helps to protect soil quality and water resources.
6. What is one of the most important new energy sources mentioned in the article?
A. Coal
B. Solar energy
C. Natural gas
D. Petroleum
答案：B。

解析：文章中明确提到“Solar energy, for example, has become a very popular new energy source.”，而煤炭（coal）、天然气（natural gas）和石油（（petroleum）都是传统能源，并非文中提及的重要新能源，所以选B。

7. What can advanced membrane separation technology do?
A. Generate electricity
B. Convert harmful gases
C. Purify waste water
D. Plant trees
答案：C。

解析：根据文中“advanced membrane separation technology can purify waste water to a very high standard”可知，这种技术是用于净化废水的，不是用于发电（（generate electricity）、转化有害气体（convert harmful gases）或者种树（plant trees），所以选C。

8. Which of the following is improved in dealing with air pollution?
A. Solar power plants
B. Catalytic converters
C. Tree - planting techniques
D. Farming methods
答案：B。

解析：文章提到“in the treatment of air pollution, catalytic converters have been greatly improved”，太阳能发电厂（solar power plants）与空气污染处理无关，种树技术（tree - planting techniques）主要是用于林业方面的生态恢复，农业方法（（farming methods）主要是在农业领域减少农药化肥使用保护资源，所以选B。

9. What promotes the development of environmental protection science?
A. The use of pesticides
B. The concept of sustainable development
C. The large - scale use of fossil fuels
D. The construction of coal - fired power plants
答案：B。

解析：文中明确指出“the concept of sustainable
development has also promoted the development of environmental protection science”，而使用农药（（the use of pesticides）、大规模使用化石燃料（the large - scale use of fossil fuels）和建设燃煤发电厂（the construction of coal - fired power plants）都是不利于环境保护科学发展的，所以选B。

10. What is the advantage of new tree - planting techniques?
A. Increase the use of fertilizers
B. Reduce the survival rate of trees
C. Accelerate the restoration of forest ecosystems
D. Pollute the soil
答案：C。

解析：文章提到“new tree - planting techniques are being developed to increase the survival rate of trees and accelerate the restoration of forest ecosystems”，增加化肥使用（increase the use of fertilizers）、降低树木存活率（reduce the survival rate of trees）和污染土壤（pollute the soil）都不是新植树技术的优点，所以选C。

3
<背景文章>
In recent decades, the development of science has brought revolutionary changes to communication technology.
The most obvious change is the significant improvement in network speed. In the past, people had to endure extremely slow dial - up Internet connections. It took a long time just to load a simple web page. However,
with the development of science, broadband and fiber - optic technologies have emerged. Now, high - speed Internet allows us to download large files, such as high - definition movies, in a matter of minutes or even seconds. Streaming services have become extremely popular, enabling us to watch videos online without waiting for long buffering times.
Another important aspect is the diversification of communication methods. Mobile phones have evolved from simple devices for making calls and sending text messages to powerful smart phones. We can now use various applications to communicate. For example, instant messaging apps like WhatsApp and WeChat allow us to send text, voice messages, and even make video calls for free. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have also changed the way we communicate. People can share their thoughts, photos, and videos with friends and family all over the world instantly.
Moreover, satellite communication technology has made it possible for us to communicate in remote areas. This technology is crucial for maritime communication, aviation, and exploration in uninhabited regions. It ensures that people can stay connected no matter where they are on the planet.
In conclusion, the development of science has had a profound impact on communication technology, making our lives more convenient and connected.
11. What was the problem with the Internet in the past according to the passage?
A. It was too expensive.
B. It had slow network speed.
C. It was difficult to set up.
D. It had too many viruses.
答案：B。

解析：文章中明确提到“In the past, people had to endure extremely slow dial - up Internet connections.”，过去人们要忍受极慢的拨号网络连接，所以过去网络的问题是速度慢，A选项说网络太贵，C选项说网络难以建立，D选项说网络有太多病毒，均未在文中提及。

12. Which of the following is an example of a communication method mentioned in the passage?
A. Fax.
B. Telegram.
C. WhatsApp.
D. Carrier pigeon.
答案：C。

解析：文章中提到“instant messaging apps like WhatsApp and WeChat allow us to send text, voice messages, and even make video calls for free.”，其中提到了WhatsApp这种通讯方式，A选项传真，B选项电报，D选项信鸽都未在文章中提及。

13. What has made it possible to communicate in remote areas?
A. Mobile phones.
B. Satellite communication technology.
C. Fiber - optic technology.
D. Social media platforms.
答案：B。

解析：文中明确指出“satellite communication technology has made it possible for us to communicate in remote areas.”，卫星通讯技术使在偏远地区通讯成为可能，A选项移动电话，C选项光纤技术，D选项社交媒体平台均不符合题意。

14. What can people do with smart phones now according to the passage?
A. Only make calls.
B. Make calls and send text messages.
C. Use various applications to communicate.
D. Only play games.
答案：C。

解析：文章提到“Mobile phones have evolved from simple devices for making calls and sending text messages to powerful smart phones. We can now use various applications to communicate.”，现在智能手机可以使用各种应用程序进行通讯，A选项仅说打电话，B选项说打电话和发短信不全面，D选项仅说玩游戏不符合文章内容。

15. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The development of mobile phones.
B. The popularity of social media platforms.
C. The changes in communication technology brought by scientific
development.
D. The importance of satellite communication technology.
答案：C。

解析：文章开篇就说科学发展给通讯技术带来了革命性的改变，后面分别从网络速度提升、通讯方式多样化、偏远地区通讯等方面阐述了科学发展对通讯技术的改变，A选项仅提到手机发展，B选项仅提到社交媒体平台的流行，D选项仅提到卫星通讯技术的重要性，都比较片面，不能概括文章主旨。

4
<背景文章>
In recent years, the field of agriculture has witnessed remarkable scientific advancements. These developments have been crucial in meeting the ever - increasing global demand for food while also addressing environmental concerns.
One of the significant areas of progress is in the development of new fertilizers. Traditional fertilizers often had limitations, such as nutrient imbalances and potential environmental pollution. However, modern fertilizers are designed with precision. Scientists have been able to create fertilizers that release nutrients at a controlled rate, ensuring that plants receive a steady supply of essential elements throughout their growth cycle. This not only enhances crop yields but also reduces the risk of over - fertilization, which can lead to soil degradation and water pollution.
Another important aspect is the improvement of irrigation techniques.
Drip irrigation, for example, has become increasingly popular. This method delivers water directly to the roots of plants in a slow and controlled manner. It minimizes water wastage by reducing evaporation and runoff. Moreover, with the help of sensors and advanced technology, farmers can now monitor soil moisture levels accurately and adjust the irrigation accordingly. This ensures that plants get the right amount of water at the right time, which is especially crucial in areas facing water scarcity.
Furthermore, genetic engineering has also made its mark in agriculture. Scientists have been able to develop crops that are more resistant to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental conditions. For instance, some genetically modified crops can tolerate drought or resist certain types of insects without the need for excessive pesticide use. This not only protects the crops but also reduces the impact of pesticides on the ecosystem.
In conclusion, the scientific development in agriculture has brought about a series of positive changes. It has improved productivity, conserved resources, and made farming more sustainable.
16. What is one advantage of modern fertilizers compared to traditional ones?
A. They are cheaper.
B. They release nutrients randomly.
C. They ensure a steady nutrient supply for plants.
D. They are more difficult to produce.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章中提到现代肥料能够以可控的速率释放养分，确保植物在整个生长周期中能稳定地获取必需元素，这是现代肥料相较于传统肥料的一个优势，A选项文中未提及价格问题；B 选项与原文中“controlled rate”相悖；D选项文中未提及生产难度，所以选C。

17. Why has drip irrigation become popular?
A. It is the easiest method to operate.
B. It delivers water directly to the roots and reduces water wastage.
C. It requires no maintenance.
D. It can be used in all types of soil.
答案：B。

中文解析：原文明确指出滴灌将水直接送到植物根部并且以缓慢和可控的方式进行，减少了水分的蒸发和流失，这是它流行的原因。

A选项文中未提及操作难易程度；C选项说不需要维护是错误的；D选项文中未提及是否适用于所有土壤类型，所以选B。

18. What can genetically modified crops do?
A. They can make the soil more fertile.
B. They can resist all types of pests without pesticides.
C. They can tolerate some adverse conditions.
D. They can change the local climate.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章提到基因工程使得农作物能够更耐受害虫、疾病和恶劣的环境条件，C选项符合原文表述。

A选项文中未
提及能使土壤更肥沃；B选项“all types”过于绝对，原文只是说某些害虫；D选项文中未提及能改变当地气候，所以选C。

19. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of scientific development in agriculture?
A. Increased crop yields.
B. More water pollution.
C. Conservation of resources.
D. Sustainable farming.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章提到科学发展在农业中的成果包括提高作物产量、保护资源和使农业更可持续，而更多的水污染不是成果，是传统肥料等可能带来的问题，所以选B。

20. What is the main idea of this article?
A. The importance of traditional farming methods.
B. The problems in modern agriculture.
C. The scientific developments and their benefits in agriculture.
D. The future of genetic engineering in agriculture.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章主要论述了农业领域中的科学发展，如新型肥料、灌溉技术改进和基因工程等，并且阐述了这些发展带来的好处，A选项传统农耕方法的重要性不是文章重点；B选项现代农业的问题文章未重点提及；D选项只是文章的一部分内容，所以选C。

5
<背景文章>
In recent decades, the field of aerospace has witnessed remarkable scientific development. Manned spaceflight has made great progress. Astronauts have been able to travel to outer space and stay in space stations for extended periods. For example, the International Space Station (ISS) has been a significant milestone in this regard. It serves as a multi - national laboratory in space where astronauts from different countries conduct various scientific experiments.
The exploration of the universe has also brought about many new discoveries. Scientists have found new planets, some of which may have the potential to support life. Telescopes, both on the ground and in space, have enabled us to observe distant galaxies and stars more clearly. For instance, the Hubble Space Telescope has provided us with stunning images of the cosmos, helping us understand the structure and evolution of the universe.
Moreover, the development of space technology has also had a positive impact on our daily lives. Many technologies originally developed for space exploration, such as satellite communication and GPS, are now widely used. These technologies have made our world more connected and convenient.
In the future, we can expect even more exciting developments in aerospace. There are plans to send humans to Mars, which will be a huge leap forward in our exploration of the solar system. With the continuous
progress of science and technology, the mysteries of the universe are gradually being unveiled.
21. What is the significance of the International Space Station according to the article?
A. It is only used for astronauts to live in.
B. It is a multi - national laboratory for scientific experiments.
C. It is mainly for observing the Earth.
D. It is used to launch satellites.
答案：B。

解析：文章明确提到国际空间站是太空中的一个多国实验室，宇航员在那里进行各种科学实验，而不是仅仅用于居住、观察地球或者发射卫星，所以选B。

22. What have scientists found through the exploration of the universe?
A. Only new stars.
B. New planets that can definitely support life.
C. New planets which may support life.
D. Only new galaxies.
答案：C。

解析：文中提到科学家发现了新的行星，其中一些可能有支持生命的潜力，不是只发现了新的恒星或者肯定能支持生命的新行星或者仅仅是新的星系，所以选C。

23. How has space technology influenced our daily lives?
A. It has made our lives more dangerous.
B. It has made our world more connected and convenient through
satellite communication and GPS.
C. It has only improved the field of entertainment.
D. It has made our lives more isolated.
答案：B。

解析：文章指出许多最初为太空探索开发的技术，如卫星通信和GPS，使我们的世界更加联系紧密和便捷，而不是让生活更危险、只改善娱乐领域或者让生活更孤立，所以选B。

24. What is one of the future plans in aerospace?
A. To build more space stations.
B. To send humans to the Moon again.
C. To send humans to Mars.
D. To stop exploring the universe.
答案：C。

解析：文章提到未来有计划将人类送上火星，而不是建造更多空间站、再次将人类送上月球或者停止探索宇宙，所以选C。

25. Which of the following tools has helped us observe the cosmos more clearly?
A. Only ground - based telescopes.
B. Only space - based telescopes.
C. Both ground - based and space - based telescopes.
D. Microscopes.
答案：C。

解析：文中提到地面和太空的望远镜都使我们能够更清楚地观察遥远的星系和恒星，而不是仅地面望远镜、仅太空望远镜或者显微镜（显微镜用于观察微观事物），所以选C。