高三英语一轮复习 第2部分 语法专题突破 专题1 构词法 牛津译林版(2021年整理)

（通用版）2018版高三英语一轮复习第2部分语法专题突破专题1 构词法牛津译林版
编辑整理：
尊敬的读者朋友们：
这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（通用版）2018版高三英语一轮复习第2部分语法专题突破专题1 构词法牛津译林版）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为（通用版）2018版高三英语一轮复习第2部分语法专题突破专题1 构词法牛津译林版的全部内容。

专题一构词法
考点一派生法
(一)形容词加­ly变为副词的规律
1．一般情况加。

ly。

如：real→really；careful→carefully;polite→politely；quick→quickly。

2．“辅音字母加y"结尾的，当y的发音为[i]时,变y为i，再加­ly。

如:angry→angrily；busy→busily；heavy→heavily。

当y的发音为[āi］时,直接加.ly.如：shy→shyly;dry→dryly.
3．以辅音字母加le结尾的形容词变副词时，去掉e加.y。

如：probable→probably;gentle→gently.
但以元音字母加le结尾时加­ly 。

如：sole→solely。

但whole→wholly例外。

4．以元音字母加e结尾的形容词变副词，去掉e加。

ly。

如：true→truly。

［易错警示]有的名词加­ly→形容词,如：frie nd→friendly；love→lovely；month→monthly。

(二)动词/名词变形容词的后缀及例词
后缀例词
.able accept→acceptable 可接受的comfort→comfortable 舒适的。

al music→musical 音乐的origin→original 最初的
.ful forget→forgetful 健忘的peace→peaceful 和平的
­ive effect→effective 有效的；生效的attract→attractive 有吸引力的
­some tire→tiresome 令人厌倦的trouble→troublesome 麻烦的
.y health→healthy 健康的
(三)
（五)
（七)
调
(一)合成法
合成词是由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方式（有的合成词写在一起，有的中间需加连字符，有的是分开写的两个）。

合成词的词义可以根据各个组成部分的意思加以推断。

构成合成词的几个词可以是词性相同的词也可以是词性不同的词。

高中阶段常见的合成形式有：
合成名词notebook 笔记本;classroom 教室；blackboard 黑板；teamwork 协力；second language第二语言
合成形容词lifelong 毕生的;second.hand 二手的；man。

made 人工的；widespread 广泛的
合成动词underline 画底线标出；whitewash 粉饰；broadcast 广播;download 下载
不增加任何成分，不改变词形,把一个单词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性的构词法叫转化法.高中阶段常见的转化形式有：
名词→动词button纽扣→button扣上纽扣
形容词→动词correct正确的→correct改正
动词→名词feed喂养→feed一餐；一顿
形容词→名词native本地的→native本地人
副词→动词up在上面→up提高
核心考点针对练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·全国甲卷·语法填空)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’
ll feel a real sense of （achieve)．
2．（2016·全国甲卷·语法填空)Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks （regular)．
3．(2016·全国乙卷·语法填空）But for tourists like me,pandas are its top （attract）．
4．(2016·全国丙卷·语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the
（develop) of chopsticks.
5．(2017·河北石家庄高三调研）Like university students，the US high school students have the (free）to choose the courses that most interest them。

【导学号：92872174】6．Her preparation course is helping her to get used to (academy) requirements of a Western university。

7．A fireman (accidental)discovered the cause of the fire。

8．It cost (approximate)$300－I can't remember it exactly。

9．(beg)can’t be choosers.
10．Other disabled people find the website (benefit）because they can read about people with similar difficulties to their own。

【导学号：92872175】【答案】 1.achievement 2。

regularly 3。

attraction 4。

development 5.freedom 6.academic 7。

accidentally 8。

approximately 9。

Beggars 10。

beneficial
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2016·全国乙卷·短文改错）My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest。

2．(2016·全国乙卷·短文改错）Instead he hopes that his business will grow steady.
3．The man was so careful that he missed his train.
4．Do you know the deep of the river？
5．“What’s that？”the father shouted angry。

【答案】1。

honest→honesty2。

steady→steadily 3.careful→careless 4.deep →depth 5。

angry→angrily
高考题型综合练
Ⅰ.语法填空
There was once a farmer who had a fine olive orchard（果园)．He was very hard­working，and the farm was always going well in 1 care.When the farmer felt that he 2 (have) a limited life，he called his 3 (son) to him and said，“There is a pot of gold 4 （hide）in the olive orchard.Dig for it，if you wish for it。

”After the farmer was 5 （die）,his three sons went to find the pot of gold;since they did not know 6 the hiding。

place was，they agreed to dig until one of them found the gold.
They dug until they had turned the soil up 7 one end of the orchard to the other。

But no pot of gold was found.The three sons were 8 （extreme)disappointed to have all their work for nothing。

The next olive season，the olive trees there bore 9 （much)fruit than they had ever given；when it 10 （sell），it gave the sons a whole pot of gold.They suddenly understood what the wise father had meant。

【语篇解读】一个农民在临终前告诉他的儿子们在橄榄园中有一罐金子，他的三个儿子并没有在果园里挖到金子，不过他们从中悟出了父亲的用意.
1．his［考查物主代词。

本句主语为He，其对应的形容词性物主代词为his。

]
2．had[考查时态.本文的主体时态是一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时。

］
3．sons［考查名词的数.根据下文中的“his three sons”可知这个农民有三个儿子，故此处用sons。

]
4．hidden［考查非谓语动词。

gold与hide为动宾关系,此处应用过去分词hidden作后置定语.]
5．dead[考查动词转换为形容词.was为系动词,其后接形容词作表语，表示“死”的状态，故用dead。

]
6．where[考查从属连词。

分析句子结构可知，know后缺少宾语，此处为宾语从句,从句中缺少表语，表示地点，故此处用where。

］
7．from[考查介词搭配。

本句考查介词短语from...to...“从……到……"。

］
8．extremely[考查副词.此处应用副词修饰其后的形容词disappointed。

故用extremely“极其，非常”。

]
9．more［考查比较等级.由下文中的比较级的标志than可知此处应用more。

]
10．was sold［考查动词时态和语态。

sell在此为及物动词，空前的it指代fruit,fruit 与sell之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,故用was sold。

］Ⅱ。

短文改错
Smog has covered large areas of Beijing recently，that has had lots of influence to our life.It’s not convenience for us to go out due to the heavy smog。

In order to take in less than poisonous air，whenever we go out，we have to wear mask。

Given such a serious problem,some measures must be taken to solve it。

As for our government,some laws should be passed to ban factories from giving off poisonous waste。

At same time，we are supposed not to drive to work but ride their bicycles.Now I appeal to all people to take action against smog but protect our world from be polluted.Only in the way could we live in a green world。

【答案】
Smog has covered large areas of Beijing recently,错误! has had lots of influence 错误! our life.It's not 错误! for us to go out due to the heavy smog。

In order to take in less 错误! poisonous air,whenever we go out，we have to wear 错误!。

Given such a serious problem，some measures must be taken to solve it。

As for our government,some laws should be passed to ban factories from giving off poisonous waste.
At 错误! same time，we are supposed not to drive to work but ride 错误! bicycles。

Now I appeal to all people to take action against smog 错误! protect our world from 错误! polluted。

Only in the way 错误! we live in a green world.。