2021届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关(新高考)(2)七选五

2021 届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（新高考）
（二）七选五
一、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

A great life doesn’t happen by accident. A great life is the result of dividing your time, energy, and hard work towards what you want your life to be. Stop setting yourself up for stress and failure. ①Make the following secrets fit your own needs and style, and start creating your own great life today!
A great life is the result of simplifying your life. People often misunderstand what simplification means. ②Instead, it’s a way to free up your energy and time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here. In order to create a great life, you will have to make room for it first.
A great life is the result of removing distractions(使人分心的事). Up to 75% of your mental energy can be tied up in things that are not important but distracting you. Look around at someone’s life you admire. What do they do that you would like to adopt in your own life? Ask them how they do it. ③
A great life is the result of your adjustments. ④It may mean thinking about again how you spend your time, or choosing to spend your money in a different way. It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy that agree with your particular definition of a great life.
⑤There’s an old saying everyone is familiar with “A journey of a thousand
miles beings with a single step.” In order to even move from the couch to the refrigerator, you have to start. There’s no better time to start than today. It’s what you do today that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.
A.A great life is the result of starting.
B.A great life is the result of having intention.
C.It’s not a way to remove work from your life.
D.Start setting up your life to support success and ease.
E.So it requires that you should make some changes.
F.It’s easy to spend your days on whatever gets your attention.
G.Then you will find ways to free up your mental energy for more important things.
二、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Recent data shows that people in the U.S. can expect to live an average life expectancy (寿命) of 78.7 years. That puts Americans well behind that of 80.3 years in developed countries like Canada, Germany and Japan. Luckily, a 2018 study from Harvard University found that keeping these five habits could add up to 10 years or more to a person’s life:
1.Maintain a healthy diet
This isn’t as easy as it sounds, especially when you’re dealing with your work, family and social commitments. may be tempting, for example, to grab a quick bite at a fast food chain on your lunch break or order takeout during late nights at the office. But a recent study published in the British journal found that poor diets lead to one in five deaths. ① A good diet, according to the researchers, contains minimally processed, whole foods and grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts and any natural source of protein (i.e. fish and beans).
2.Exercise daily
②Even the world’s most successful business leaders, like Oprah Winfrey and Bill Gates, make physical activity a daily priority. Just small amounts of daily exercise can help maintain a healthy body weight, maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints, promote psychological well-being and reduce the risk of certain diseases, including some cancers.
3.Keep a healthy weight
A “healthy” weight varies from person to person, but usually a body mass index (BMl) between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered healthy. ③Start viewing the scale as tool to stay within the healthy range.
4.Limit your alcohol intake
Alcohol shows up at happy hour, conferences, social outings and so much more. Therefore, it’s hard to escape drinking it. To get through long days, some may even rely on alcohol as a stimulant (兴奋剂) in social settings. ④To begin with, it can add to your waistline
and increase the risk of several cancers. While it can be difficult to moderate your alcohol intake, avoiding alcohol altogether benefits you a lot.
5.Don’t smoke
As the health risks of smoking have become increasingly apparent, there’s been more effort in warning people about the dangerous side effects. ⑤However, your body will thank you in the long run if you do so.
A.But there are many downsides.
B.That doesn’t mean it’ll be easy to kick the habit.
C.A study found that those who monitored their weight less frequently were more likely to gain weight.
D.However, drinking heavily increases the risk of diabetes (糖尿病).
E.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
F.It’s absolutely ess ential to set aside time to exercise.
G.It can also lead to problems like high blood pressure and diabetes.
三、
As your teacher passes out the math test, your palms turn sweaty. You notice that your heart has begun to race. Glancing down at the page, you suddenly forget those operations on which you had drilled only a few days earlier. Do you perform all additions first in a complex calculation? ①Suddenly, you
start to doubt a lot of things that you know.
If that sounds familiar, you might suffer from math anxiety. Or maybe not. Even researchers who study this condition note that it can be surprisingly hard to define(下定义) math anxiety.②After all,
it's not an officially recognized mental disorder in the way that depression is.
③It asks things like "how anxious would you feel about being given a set of division problems to solve on paper". Those who score high on these surveys about stress over making calc ulations related to numbers will be labeled math anxious.
In general, people who panic over their math skills tend to do worse in math classes than peo ple who don't mind numbers.④"Just because you're math anxious,that doesn't always mean you're bad at
math," notes Rose
Vukovic, an educational psychologist at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis.
Math anxiety affects people of all ages. It can lead to poor performance in math classes. ⑤
Throughout life, this type of stress can stand in the way of mastering skills or projects in a host of areas that rely on calculations. But the good news is that the problem is manageable. Researchers are finding ways people can cope with this stress.
A.But that's not always true.
B.It has an unimaginable impact.
C.And its impacts don't end at graduation.
D.Oh, you know it-well you're pretty sure, right?
E.To diagnose math anxiety, researchers conduct a questionnaire.
F.It's also hard to identify precisely how many people suffer from it.
G.Math anxiety has also been linked to negative emotions from the past.
四、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Get a Healthy Home
Most of us have spent more time at home in 2020 than we ever imagined possible. ① These tips can help make your home better for your body and mind.
Take off your shoes at your door. Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe contains nearly 421 000 different bacteria(细菌),including Escherichia coli and strep. Pesticides(杀虫剂)and cleaning chemicals can also come into your home via your shoes. ②
Freshen the walls. If the walls in your home feel as if they’re closing in, maybe its time to find a new coat of paint. ③Researchers at the University of British Columbia found that blue boosts creativity, while red increases attention to detail.
④In a small study, volunteers worked from noon to 8 p.m. in a room lit primarily by daylight or one lit primarily by artificial light. By the end of the second day, those who had worked in the sunlit room were less sleepy and performed better on performance tests connected with mental process.
Clean the air in your home. ⑤The Department of Energy requires that it can remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable high-efficiency particulate air filers(过滤器)can clean a single room or the entire house.
A.Work near a window.
B.Study in the artificial light.
C.Studies have shown that color can influence your mood.
D.Maybe you have realized the importance of a healthy home.
E.Leave a pair of shops you wear in the house by the front door.
F.A high-efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter can cost much.
G.The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter.
五、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every year, students across the U.K. engage in the annual ritual (仪式) of telling college and university admissions officers why they deserve a seat at the school of their choice. However, this task is filled with anxiety and fear. ①. This, of course, leads many to ask the question: How should I write an essay about myself for college? Here are tips to keep in mind.
②. For example, if all your friends are writing application essays about covid-19, that may be a good reason why you should avoid it. Unless, of course, you’ve had a vivid,
life-changing experience that you are burning to share. Admissions counselors say that the best essays help them learn something about the candidate that they would never know from reading the rest of the application.
Keep your individuality in the spotlight. ③. What sets you apart from others? Tell your extraordinary story but remember not to oversell yourself. Your reader wants to see something personal about you, something that makes you stand out among others. Imagine how many applications the admissions committee reads per day, and think twice before writing some general information that doesn’t show your individuality.
Committees value authenticity. They want to hear your voice. This essay may give you the time and space to explain why a particular achievement means too much to you. But resist the urge to exaggerate: admission counselors read thousands of essays each year. ④.
Sound like yourself. Don’t use words you wouldn’t normally use. Don’t use fancy language you wouldn’t use in real life. Imagine yourself reading this essa y out loud to a classroom full of people who have never met you. ⑤. Be on the lookout for words and phrases like
‘maybe’ ‘sort of’ ‘I think’ or anything else.
A.They can spot something unreal.
B.This rule works in all the aspects of your life.
C.Writing about oneself can be highly stressful.
D.Keep a confident tone even if you’re not feeling that way.
E.Remember, it’s all about you rather than a fashionable subject.
F.An informative and powerful essay focuses on the readers’ needs.
G.Experts often recommend looking for something unique of your life story.
六、
Sales motivation is about being able to get yourself or your sales team to do what needs to be done when it needs to be done. It’s the ability to get yourself to take action wh ether you feel like it or not. In sales, one of the toughest aspects is having to deal with constant
rejection. ①.
②Guess what the lowest paid profession in the world is? That’s right, also sales. Anyone can get a jobs that pays on salary or by the hour and make a certain secure amount of money every month but it takes a certain type of person to be able to control the amount he or she earns each year. The profession of sales is not for the weak minded person.
Mental toughness in sales is about the abi lity to have 99 people say “No” to you and still be fully confident that the 100th person will say “Yes”. How many people do you think can go in and talk to the 100th potential client with the same enthusiasm and excitement that he or she had with their prospect? ③.
Sales is truly one of the few professions where a person with no educational background, with no talent or skills, can become one of the highest paid, most respected people around. What it really take isn't brains, or a nice expensive suit, or even knowing the right people to begin with. ④
It's that sales person who will not stop making cold calls until he/she gets the amount of appointments necessary to achieve his/her goal.
⑤If you are in sales, then you can literally change your entire life around, from poverty and broke, to wealthy and fulfilled. If you are in a leadership position, realize that you have the opportunity to help change people’s lives. Learn everything you can about motivation and there will be no limits to what you can achieve.
A.Not many at all.
B.Sales can be a life changing profession.
C.This is why most people fail to be a success in the field of sales.
D.The ability to inspire confidence in your team will make you a true leader.
E.Sales happens to be the number one highest paid profession in the world.
F.Here are some videos that may help take your sales career to the next level.
G.What it takes to be successful in sales is a burning desire to be the best at it.
答案以及解析
一、答案：DCGEA
解析：1.答案:D.句意:开始建立你的生活去支持成功和放松.根据"Make the following secrets fit your own needs and style, and start creating your own great life today"可知,选出以下适合自己的需要和风格的秘诀,今天就开始为自己打造美丽的人生.故此处D 符合语境.故选D.
2.答案:C.句意:这不是把工作脱离你生活的方法.根据"Instead, it's a way to free up your energy and time for the work"可知,相反,这是一种为你的工作释放你的能量和时间的方法.此处C 符合语境.故选C.
3.答案:G.句意:然后你会找到方法来让你的精神放在更重要的事情上.根据"What do they do that you would like to adopt in your own life? Ask them how they do it"可知,他们做什么,你想要在自己的生活中采纳什么,问他们他们是怎样做的.故此处G 符合语境.故选G.
4.答案:E.句意:所以要求你做出一些改变.根据"a great life is the result of your adjustments"可知,好的生活是调整的结果.故此处E 符合语境.故选E.
5.答案:A.句意:一个好的生活是开始的结果.根据"There's an old saying everyone is familiar
with--"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.""可知,有一句人们熟悉的老话-
千里之行,始于足下.故此处A 符合语境.故选A.
二、答案：GFCAB
三、
答案：DFEAC
解析：这是一篇说明文.文章主要说明了什么是"数学焦虑症",介绍了数学焦虑症的症状,以及研究人员如何调查人们是否患有数学焦虑症的.以及数学焦虑症对人的影响.
(1)D.细节理解题.根据上文As your teacher passes out the math test, your palms turn sweaty.
You notice that your heart has begun to race. Glancing down at the page, you suddenly forget those operations on which you had drilled only a few days earlier. Do you perform all additions first in a complex calculation?可知当老师分发数学试卷时,你的手心开始冒汗.你注意到你的
心脏开始加速.瞟一眼这一页,你就会突然忘记几天前练过的那些练习.在复杂计算中,是否先
算了所有加法?结合后文Suddenly, you start to doubt a lot of things that you know.可知你会突
然开始怀疑你所知道的许多事情.由此可知,本句承接上文说明,上文这种发试卷时的感受,很多人都经历过,都知道这种感受.故D 选项"哦,你知道的--你很肯定,对吧?"符合上下文语境,故选
D.
(2)F.推理判断题.根据上文Or maybe not Even researchers who study this condition note that it can be surprisingly hard to define (下定义) math anxiety.可知甚至研究这种情况的研究人员也没有注意到,要给"数学焦虑"下定义是非常困难的.由此可知,本句是在说明,因为要给"数学焦虑"下定义是非常困难的,所以很难确定有多少人患有数学焦虑症,毕竟这不像抑郁症那样被官方认可为精神障碍.故F 选项"也很难确定到底有多少人患有数学焦虑症"符合上下文语境, 故选F.
(3)E.段落大意题.根据后文It asks things like "how anxious would you feel about being given a set of division problems to solve on paper". Those who score high on these surveys about stress over making calculations related to numbers will be labeled math anxious.可知它问的问题是"当你被要求在纸上解决一组除法问题时,你会有多焦虑".那些在计算相关数字时压力方面得分
高的人会被贴上"数学焦虑"的标签.由此可知,本段是在说明研究人员进行的一项问卷调查,
以此来诊断出数学焦虑症.故 E 选项"为了诊断数学焦虑症,研究人员进行了一项问卷调查"符合上下文语境,故选E.
(4)A.细节理解题.根据上文In general, people who panic over their math skills tend to do worse in math classes than people who don't mind numbers.可知一般来说,那些对自己的数学能力感到恐慌的人在数学课上的表现往往比那些不介意数字的人要差.结合后文"Just because you're math anxious, that doesn't always mean you're bad at math," notes Rose Vukovic, an educational psychologist at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis.可知明尼阿波利斯明尼苏达大学的教育心理学家Rose Vukovic 指出:"仅仅因为你有数学焦虑,并不总是意味着你数学不好."由此可知,上文说明的"那些对自己的数学能力感到恐慌的人在数学课上的表现往往比那些不介意数字的人要差"这种情况并不总是真的.故A 选项"但这并不总是真的"符合上下文语境,故选A.
(5)C.细节理解题.根据后文Throughout life, this type of stress can stand in the way of mastering skills or projects in a host of areas that rely on calculations.可知在人的一生中,这种类型的压力会阻碍掌握许多依赖计算的领域的技能或项目.由此可知,数学焦虑症的影响并不会在毕业时就结束.故C 选项"它的影响不会在毕业时结束"符合上下文语境,故选C.
四、
答案：DECAG
解析：这是一篇说明文。

主题语境是人与自我,生活与学习。

文章介绍了四种可以使家庭环境变得更健康的方式。

【高考点拨】本题以学习探索问题情境为载体,通过设置获取和理解具体信息、理解主旨要义的试题,检验学生的阅读理解能力,落实学习、交际、思辨等学科核心素养。

1.D 逻辑分析题。

本题考查考生理解段内过渡句的能力。

【解题思路】上文讲在2020 年,我们大多数人都在家里度过了很长的时间;下文讲这里有一些可以使你的家变得更适合你的身体和心灵(成长)的方法。

D 项“或许你已经意识到一个健康的家庭(环境)的重要性了”承上启下,符合语境。

故选D。

2.E 逻辑分析题。

本题考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。

【解题思路】根据本段第一句“Take off your shoes at your door.”可推知,本段陈述的是在屋内换鞋的必要性。

E 项“在家门口留一双你在家中穿的鞋子”符合语境。

故选E。

3.C 例证题。

本题考查考生理解段内例证句的能力。

【解题思路】上文讲如果你家里的墙壁让你有种包围感,也许是时候选一种新的墙漆了;下文具体解释了红蓝两种颜色的具体影响。

C 项“研究表明,颜色可以影响你的心情”承上启下,符合语境。

故选C。

4.A 主旨题。

本题考查考生总结归纳的能力。

【解题思路】下文讲一项小调查表明,与人工灯源相比,在自然光源下工作的人们没那么困倦,且他们在与心理过程有关的测试中表现得更出色。

由此可推知,本段内容应与“在自然光源下工作”有关。

A 项“在窗边工作”符合语境。

故选A。

5.G 逻辑分析题。

本题考查考生理解段内句子之间逻辑关系的能力。

【解题思路】上文讲清洁你的房子中的空气;下文讲能源部门表示它可以移除空气中99.97%的污染物和微粒。

高效的空气过滤器可以清洁一个单人间或整个房子。

G 项“这个黄金标准就是一个高效率的空气微粒过滤器”承上启下,符合语境。

故选G。

【长难句分析】By the end of the second day, those who had worked in the sunlit room were less sleepy and performed better on performance tests connected with mental process. (第四段最后一句)
分析:本句为复合句。

who 引导定语从句,先行词是those; connected with mental process 为后置定语,修饰performance tests。

译文:到第二天结束时,那些在阳光充足的房间里工作的人不那么困倦,而且他们在与心理过程有关的测试中表现得更出色。

词汇积累:chemical n. 化学制品,化学药品boost v. 促进,增加
primarily adv. 首先,主要地,根本上artificial adj. 人造的,仿造的
【短文分析】短文结构紧凑,内容有条理,语言平实,衔接自然流畅,考生可根据语义和篇章线索理解文本并复位空缺片段。

短文共分五段:
第一段引入话题:提出健康的家庭环境的重要性。

第二段提出观点一:进门换鞋。

因为鞋底携带大量的病毒和细菌。

第三段提出观点二:更换墙面颜色。

有研究表明,墙面的颜色可以影响人的心情。

第四段提出观点三:在窗边工作。

研究表明,人们在自然光源下工作会比在人工灯源下工作更清醒,且他们在与心理过程有关的测试中表现得更好。

第五段提出观点四:净化室内空气。

高效的空气微粒过滤器可以有效祛除空气中大部分的污染物及微粒。

五、
答案：CEGAD
解析：这是一篇说明文。

每年,全英国的学生都要参加一年一度的仪式,告诉各高校的招生顾问,他们为什么应该在自己选择的学校获得一席之地。

为此,学生们要写出关于自己的文章去完成此任务,但任务的难度较大,对此,文章给出了如何去描述和表达自己的建议。

(1)C.推理判断题。

根据上一句"However, this task is filled with anxiety and fear.(然而,这项任务充满了焦虑与害怕。

)"可知这项任务会有压力;下一句"This, of course, leads many to ask the question: How should I write an essay about myself for college? (当然,这引发了许多人的疑问: 我该如何写一篇关于我自己的大学文章?)"可知这个任务的内容是写关于自己的文章,因此C 项内容"写关于自己的文章可能会非常有压力。

"可以做到承上启下的连接作用,且内容符合题意,故选C.
(2)E.推理判断题。

根据下文举例内容"For example, if all your friends are writing application essays about covid-19, that may be a good reason why you should avoid it.(例如,如果你所有的朋友都在写关于covid-19 的申请文章,这可能是你应该避免它的一个很好的理由。

)"结合段落最后一句"Admissions counselors say that the best essays help them learn something about the candidate that they would never know from reading the rest of the application.(招生顾问说,最好的文章能帮助他们了解一些关于候选人的东西,这些东西是他们在阅读申请表的其余部分时不会知道的。

)"可推知,最好是写关于自己的文章,不要选择大众的流行主题,尽量避免与他人
一致,写一些关于自己的东西,因此E 项内容"记得,写的文章要关于你自己而不是一个流行的主题。

"符合段落大意,故选E.
(3)G.细节理解题。

根据段落主题"Keep your individuality in the spotlight.(把你的个性放在聚光
灯下。

)"结合空后内容"What sets you apart from others? Tell your extraordinary story but remember not to oversell yourself. Your reader wants to see something personal about you, something that makes you stand out among others.(是什么让你与众不同?讲述你不平凡的故事,
但记住不要过度推销自己。

你的读者想看到一些关于你的个人信息,一些能让你脱颖而出的
东西。

)"可知G 项内容"Experts often recommend looking for something unique of your life story.(专家们经常建议找到你生活中独一无二的东西。

)"符合段落表达的主旨,unique(独特的) 对应下文的extraordinary(非凡的,特别的)和personal(个人的,私人的)。

故选G.
(4)A.细节理解题。

根据空前一句"But resist the urge to exaggerate: admission counselors read thousands of essays each year.(但请不要夸大其词:招生顾问每年要读数千篇论文。

)"可知写的
文章要真实,A 项内容中代词they(他们)指代的是"招生顾问",因此A 项内容"他们可能会发现
一些不真实的东西"承接上句。

故选A.
(5)D.推理判断题。

根据本段第一句"Sound like yourself.(听起来像你自己。

)"结合最后一句"Be on the lookout for words and phrases like ‘maybe' ‘sort of' ‘I think' or anything else.(要注意单词
和短语,比如"maybe"、"sort of"、"I think"或者其他。

)"这些词语,短语都比较主观,能展现自信, 因此D 项内容"Keep a confident tone even if you're not feeling that way.(即使你没有这样的感觉,也要保持自信的语气。

)"可作为在一大群陌生人面前读文章时要保持自信的建议,这样写
出的文章或讲出的内容,别人听起来更像你自己。

故选D.
六、
答案：1. C2. E3. A4. G5. B
解析：1. C【解析】该空的前一句介绍了在销售中最难的一个方面就是不得不应对不断的拒绝,故选项C “这就是为什么大多数人没能在销售领域成为一个成功者”, 承接上文,符合语境。

2.E【解析】根据空格后的“also”可知本段前两句对销售这一职业的描述是围绕薪资展开的,
故E 项“销售是世界上收人最高的一种职业”符合语境。

3.A【解析】空格前设问,你认为有多少人会像对待第一个潜在客户那样带着相同的热情和精
力对待第100 位潜在客户呢?故选项A“根本没有多少人”是对这一设问的回答。

4.G【解析】空格前介绍了销售所需要的不是头脑、不是一套昂贵的西装,更不是人脉,随后强调了那些销售人员会不停地拨打陌生电话直到得到足够的预约来实现他们的目标。

由此可以推断出空格处应该讲一个成功的销售人员应该具备什么,故G 为正确选项。

5.B【解析】由空格后的信息可知,本段主要在谈论销售这一职业可以改变人们的生活,故选项B“销售是一个可以改变一生的职业”正好可以作为该段的主题句。