大学英语写作句型 修辞 sentences

Incomplete Sentences 残 缺 句
一般而言，英文句子的主语和谓语缺一不可。残缺句结构
不完整，实际上是将词当成句子或将从句当成句子。 例：I have visited many cities. For example, Beijing and Shanghai. 应改为：I have visited many cities，for example，Beijing
1. Travel will not only help us to gain knowledge of geography and history, but also help us keep healthy and make us less narrow-minded. 2. He who makes no mistakes, makes nothing.
(4) The Compound-complex sentence A compound-complex sentence contains at least two main clauses and at leastnation of a compound and a
III . Common Errors
Elements of a Sentence
The typical English sentence follows this pattern:
Subject + predicate
He is tall. / It is raining. Her sister is twenty years old. They have only one child. The old man takes a walk in the park every day.
and Shanghai.
例：The earth’s temperature is rising. Because there is green-house effect. 应改为：The earth’s temperature is rising because there is green-house effect.
(According to the structure)
People in favor of the traditional information sources always provide the following evidence. Firstly, the history of human civilization is the written history. Secondly, people are free to choose any posture and place that makes them comfortable when reading. Finally, traditional information sources are reliable. They are especially so when it comes to preserving the human information.
Because I forgot the time, I missed the bus.
While Susan was eating the fish, she began to feel sick. I checked my paper again before I handed it to my professor.
(2) The Compound Sentence
A compound sentence is made up of two or more simple sentences, usually connected by a comma plus a joining word (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet, etc.) A compound sentence is used when you want to give equal weight to closely related ideas. The technique of showing that ideas have equal importance is called coordination. e. g.
A complex sentence is used when you want to emphasize one idea over another in a sentence. The technique of giving one idea less emphasis than another is called subordination. e. g.
the math teacher gave me make-up work, but
the history teacher made me drop her course.
Four Kinds of Sentences
• Simple: Independent clause • Compound: Independent clause + independent clause • Complex: Independent clause + dependent clause • Compound-complex: Independent clause + (independent clause + dependent clause) (Independent clause + independent clause) + dependent clause
Sentences in Writing
I. Seven Basic Sentence Patterns
Seven Basic Sentence Patterns
S + V （主语 + 动词） I am speaking. S + V + O （主语 + 动词 + 宾语） I studied English. S + V + O2 + O1 （主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语） He gave me a pen. S + V + O + OC （主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语） We call him John. S + LV + N （主语 + 连系动词 + 名词） I am a student. S + LV + A （主语 + 连系动词 + 形容词） I am happy. S + V + O + A （主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 形容词） We find the work difficult.
(3) The Complex Sentence
A complex sentence contains one main (or principal) clause and one or more dependent (or subordinate) clauses, with a connective word denoting the relation between the two parts.
Types of Sentences
A. • Declarative Sentences • Interrogative Sentences • Imperative Sentences • Exclamatory Sentences
B. Simple, Compound, Complex and Compound-Complex Sentences
There are four traditional sentence patterns — Simple, Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex. (1) The Simple Sentence A simple sentence has a single subject-verb combination. The mother is dressing her baby. He lost his watch last week. A simple sentence may have more than one subject: His speech and performance moved the audience. or more than one verb: The factory chimney smoked and polluted the air.
complex sentence. e. g.
When the power line snapped, Jack was listening
to the stereo, and Linda was reading in bed.
After I returned to school following a long illness,
The Comma Fault (1)
The use of a comma in place of a period, a semicolon, a colon, or a dash is called the comma fault. The comma fault is a mistake Chinese students often make. Because in Chinese two complete sentences can be joined merely by a comma, students sometimes forget that in English there has to be a conjunction in addition to the comma if a semicolon, a colon, or a dash is not used.
This is important to remember, because in a simple Chinese sentence we sometimes do not find a subject or a verb. Because of the first language interference, beginners sometimes write sentences without a subject or a verb. Therefore, the first thing beginners should learn is to check their own sentences to see whether they have the essential elements.
3. I decided to enter college not only because it is a place where I can continue to seek scientific truths, but also because it is a place where I can be exposed to various new, original ideas.
The heavy rain started suddenly, so we stopped planting our trees.
Frank wanted to swimming, but Mary decided to go shopping.
Jane works at the Family Planning Clinic and her husband Smith does research work for the same unit.
4. The significance for college students of doing a part-time job means more than money and experience: it will broaden their outlook and exert a profound influence on their personality and life. 5. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world; as a result, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently.